JP2020147911A - Exterior wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an exterior wall structure capable of securing a foaming space necessary for foaming a fireproof sheet in heating such as fire and easily obtaining good fireproof performance after foaming the fireproof sheet.SOLUTION: An exterior wall structure 1 is provided with an exterior wall material 5, a base material 2, a fireproof sheet 3 fixed to the surface of the base material 2 and foamed when heated, and foaming space holding means 44 for holding a space foamed by the fireproof sheet 3 when heated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an outer wall structure, and more particularly to an outer wall structure in which a fireproof sheet is provided on the indoor side of the outer wall material.

Conventionally, a fireproof sheet is held by a base material separated from the wall material.

For example, in Patent Document 1, a body is formed between a foamable fireproof sheet (fireproof sheet) fixed to a base material layer (base material) with a metal joint such as a screw or a nail and a protective layer (wall material). A refractory wall structure in which a gap is formed by providing an edge is disclosed. The refractory sheet of Patent Document 1 is in contact with the head of a metal joint in an unfoamed state, and when the refractory sheet is heated by a fire or the like, the refractory sheet foams in the gap to form a heat insulating layer. Will be done. Then, when this heat insulating layer is caught by the metal joint, it is prevented from being displaced downward or falling off due to the weight of the heat insulating layer.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-094350

However, in the case of Patent Document 1, since the head of the metal joint is in contact with the unfoamed refractory sheet, if the protective layer is deformed and curved indoors during heating such as a fire, the base material The volume of the space between the layer and the protective layer tends to be small, and it is difficult to secure the foaming space required for foaming the fireproof sheet. Therefore, even if the fireproof sheet is foamed to form a heat insulating layer in the event of a fire, the thickness of the heat insulating layer tends to be small in the portion near the metal joint, and as a result, the fire resistance performance near the metal joint is deteriorated. It will be easier.

An object of the present invention is to provide an outer wall structure capable of securing a foaming space necessary for foaming a fireproof sheet during heating such as a fire and easily obtaining good fireproof performance after foaming of the fireproof sheet.

One aspect of the present invention is an outer wall structure, which retains an outer wall material, a base material, a refractory sheet fixed to the surface of the base material and foamed when heated, and a space in which the fireproof sheet foams when heated. It is provided with a foaming space holding means.

According to the above aspect according to the present invention, it is possible to secure a foaming space necessary for foaming during heating such as a fire, and it is easy to obtain good fire resistance performance after foaming the fireproof sheet.

FIG. 1A is an explanatory view of a first example of an outer wall structure according to an embodiment. FIG. 1B is an explanatory view of an example in which the outer wall structure of FIG. 1A is heated by a fire or the like. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first example of the pressing tool and the supporting tool according to the above embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the outer wall structure of FIG. 1A. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a cross section of the outer wall structure of FIG. 1A along the vertical direction. FIG. 5A is an explanatory view of a second example of the outer wall structure according to the above embodiment. FIG. 5B is an explanatory view of an example in which the outer wall structure of FIG. 5A is heated by a fire or the like. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a second example of the pressing tool and the supporting tool according to the above embodiment. FIG. 7A is an explanatory view of a third example of the outer wall structure according to the above embodiment. FIG. 7B is an explanatory view of an example in which the outer wall structure of FIG. 7A is heated by a fire or the like. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a third example of the pressing tool and the supporting tool according to the above embodiment.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.

(First Embodiment)
First, the outer wall structure 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 4.

The outer wall structure 1 according to the present embodiment is a structure that gives an appearance to the building by the outer wall material 5. Therefore, the vertical direction Y of the outer wall structure 1 is defined by the vertical direction of the building. The horizontal direction X of the outer wall structure 1 is a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction Y. Here, "orthogonal" includes not only a mode that is strictly orthogonal to the vertical direction Y but also a mode that is conceptually substantially orthogonal (substantially orthogonal) to the vertical direction Y.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the outer wall structure 1 includes an outer wall material 5, a base material 2, a fireproof sheet 3, and a foamed space holding means 44. The base material 2 is on the indoor side of the outer wall material 5. The refractory sheet 3 is fixed to the surface of the base material 2 and foams between the outer wall material 5 and the base material 2 when heated by a fire or the like. The foaming space holding means 44 holds a space (hereinafter, referred to as a foaming space G) in which the refractory sheet 3 foams when heated.

According to such an outer wall structure 1, the foaming space holding means 44 can secure the foaming space G necessary for foaming the refractory sheet 3 at the time of heating such as a fire, and is good even in the vicinity of the foaming space holding means 44 after the refractory sheet 3 is foamed. Easy to obtain fire resistance.

The foam space holding means 44 contacts the back surface of the outer wall material 5 and holds the foam space G of the refractory sheet 3 when heated by a fire or the like. Then, when the refractory sheet 3 is heated in the foam space G, a foam layer 31 formed by foaming the refractory sheet 3 is formed between the outer wall material 5 and the base material 2 (see FIG. 1B). Therefore, even if the outer wall material 5 is deformed and curved indoors due to heating due to a fire or the like, the foamed space holding means 44 contacts the back surface of the outer wall material 5 to support the outer wall material 5, and thus the volume of the foamed space G. Is less likely to become smaller. As a result, a portion where the thickness of the foam layer 31 is reduced is less likely to occur in the event of a fire, and the fire resistance performance is likely to be stable.

Here, the "front surface" means a surface facing the outdoor side (outdoor side surface) in the state of the outer wall structure 1, and the "back surface" means a surface facing the indoor side in the state of the outer wall structure 1. Means (indoor side).

Further, the foamed space holding means 44 is a fixture 40 as shown in FIGS. 1A and 2. The fixture 40 fixes the refractory sheet 3 in an unfoamed state to the base material 2, and holds the foamed space G of the refractory sheet 3 in contact with the back surface of the outer wall material 5 when heated by a fire or the like.

The fixture 40 includes a support 4 and a pressing tool 4a, as shown in FIG. 1A.

The support 4 is fixed to the base material 2 and supports the outer wall material 5 from the indoor side when heated to hold the foamed space G of the refractory sheet 3, and includes the head 41 and the legs 42. To be equipped. The head 41 is on the outdoor side of the base material 2 in a state where the support 4 is fixed to the base material 2, and is at a position separated from the base material 2. In the present embodiment, the head 41 is in contact with the indoor side surface of the outer wall material 5 in a state where the outer wall structure 1 is not heated, but if the head 41 can be in contact with the indoor side surface of the outer wall material 5 when the outer wall structure 1 is heated, the outer wall material 5 is in contact with the indoor side surface. It may be slightly separated from the indoor side surface of 5. That is, the head 41 comes into contact with the indoor side surface of the outer wall material 5 at least during heating. As a result, the foaming space G between the outer wall material 5 and the base material 2 is less likely to be reduced during heating such as a fire, and good fire resistance performance can be easily obtained after the fireproof sheet 3 is foamed. Further, since the foaming space G is less likely to be reduced, the fireproof structure in the outer wall structure 1 can be easily changed arbitrarily in order to further improve the fireproof performance. Further, in the example of FIG. 2, the plane shape of the head 41 viewed from the side opposite to the tip of the leg 42 in the length direction of the leg 42 is a circular shape, but the plane of the head 41. The shape can be changed arbitrarily. As another example of the planar shape of the head 41, for example, a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape and a square shape, an elliptical shape, and the like can be mentioned.

The leg portion 42 is an elongated portion that protrudes from the head portion 41 toward the indoor side in a state where the support tool 4 is fixed to the base material 2. By fixing the tip end portion of such a leg portion 42 to the base material 2, the head portion 41 is provided at a position separated from the base material 2. The tip portion is not only the tip of the leg portion 42 but also a portion between the tip and the pressing tool 4a in a state where the support tool 4 and the pressing tool 4a are integrated. Since the support tool 4 and the pressing tool 4a are integrated, the pressing tool 4a comes into contact with the refractory sheet 3 when the support tool 4 is fixed to the base material 2, so that the head 41 can be easily positioned. Moreover, since the support tool 4 and the pressing tool 4a can be installed at the same time, the work until the support tool 4 is fixed to the base material 2 can be shortened.

In the present embodiment, even if the outer wall material 5 is deformed and curved indoors due to heating due to a fire or the like, the outer wall material 5 is supported by the support 4 fixed to the base material 2, so that the volume of the foamed space G is Is less likely to become smaller. As a result, a portion where the thickness of the foamed layer 31 is reduced due to foaming of the refractory sheet 3 due to a fire or the like is less likely to occur, and the fire resistance performance is likely to be stable. The support 4 is made of a refractory material. Examples of the material constituting the support 4 include iron, stainless steel, and the like. The "foaming space G" is a space that enables the refractory sheet 3 to be foamed due to a fire or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the pressing tool 4a presses the unfoamed refractory sheet 3 against the base material 2 to fix it. Such a pressing tool 4a is located at a position separated from the head 41 in a state of being integrated with the supporting tool 4, and presses the unfoamed refractory sheet 3 against the base material 2. In the present embodiment, the pressing tool 4a and the supporting tool 4 are integrated, but the pressing tool 4a is preferably made of a material that melts at the foaming start temperature or lower of the refractory sheet 3. In this case, after the pressing tool 4a is melted by a fire or the like, the refractory sheet 3 is foamed to form the foamed layer 31 (see, for example, FIG. 1B). As a result, a portion where the thickness of the foam layer 31 is reduced is less likely to occur in the vicinity of the support 4, and the fire resistance performance becomes more stable. Examples of the material that melts below the foaming start temperature include plastics such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate, and low melting point metals. Examples of the low melting point metal include various metals used for solder and alloys thereof. Further, in the example of FIG. 2, in the length direction of the leg portion 42, the planar shape of the pressing tool 4a seen from the tip end portion of the leg portion 42 is a circular shape, but the planar shape of the pressing tool 4a can be arbitrarily changed. Can be changed. As another example of the planar shape of the pressing tool 4a, for example, a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape and a quadrangular shape, an elliptical shape, and the like can be mentioned. The foaming start temperature of the refractory sheet 3 can be arbitrarily set, and is, for example, 280 ° C. or higher and 350 ° C. or lower.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of supports 4 are fixed to the base material 2 on the indoor side of the central portion surrounded by the outer peripheral edge portion of the outer wall material 5. Therefore, even if the outer wall material 5 is deformed and curved indoors due to heating due to a fire or the like, the outer wall material 5 is supported by the plurality of supports 4 fixed to the base material 2, so that the volume of the foamed space G is Is less likely to become smaller. As a result, a portion where the thickness of the foam layer 31 is reduced due to a fire or the like is less likely to occur, and the fire resistance performance becomes more stable. Further, the pressing tool 4a is in contact with the fireproof sheet 3 on the indoor side of the central portion of the outer wall material 5 in a state where the fireproof sheet 3 is not foamed.

Here, the "outer peripheral edge portion" is formed not only between the outer peripheral edge of the outer wall material 5 but also between the outer peripheral edge of the outer wall material 5 and a portion separated from the outer peripheral edge toward the center of the outer wall material 5. It is a frame-shaped area. Further, the "central portion" is an area including the center of the outer wall material 5 and surrounded by the outer peripheral edge portion.

Further, the distance between the adjacent supports 4 can be arbitrarily set according to the size of the supports 4, the type of the outer wall material 5, and the like. The distance between the adjacent supports 4 is, for example, 100 mm or more and 500 mm or less.

The fireproof sheet 3 improves the fireproof performance of the outer wall structure 1. The refractory sheet 3 is foamed by the heat of a fire or the like to increase the volume as compared with the unfoamed state. Here, the fire resistance performance means suppressing heat transfer from the outdoor side of the outer wall material 5 to the indoor side of the base material 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, the refractory sheet 3 can be formed by a plurality of sheet members 32. The sheet member 32 can be formed of, for example, a rectangular effervescent refractory sheet when viewed from the front, and in this case, a sheet member 32 containing a synthetic resin, a polyhydric alcohol, a flame-retardant effervescent agent, or the like is preferable. Further, it is preferable that the sheet member 32 has a synthetic resin layer on the surface facing the outer wall material 5 while being provided on the base material 2. The synthetic resin may be blended not only in the synthetic resin layer but also in other layers. The synthetic resin may be mixed with, for example, a polyhydric alcohol and a flame-retardant foaming agent.

Examples of the synthetic resin include melamine resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyester resin, polyolefin / vinyl acetate resin, and vinyl acetate / vinyl acetate resin. Examples thereof include a polymer resin, a vinyl acetate / polyolefin resin, a vinyl acetate / versatic acid / acrylic resin, a vinyl acetate / acrylic copolymer resin, an acrylic / styrene copolymer resin, and a polybutadiene resin. Examples of the polyolefin include polyethylene and the like.

Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, polypentaerythritol and the like.

As the flame-retardant foaming agent, phosphates such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine phosphate, melamine polyphosphate, aluminum polyphosphate, magnesium polyphosphate and the like are preferably used, but sulfamate (sulfamic acid) Sulfamine ammonium, etc.), borate (ammonium borate, etc.) and the like can be exemplified.

The content ratio of the synthetic resin, polyhydric alcohol, and flame-retardant foaming agent in the fireproof sheet 3 is 10 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less of the polyhydric alcohol and 50 parts by mass of the flame-retardant foaming agent with respect to 100 parts by mass of the synthetic resin. It is preferably parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less. The thickness of the fireproof sheet 3 is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and 3 mm or less, and further preferably 0.4 mm or more and 1 mm or less.

In order to improve the fire resistance performance of the foam layer 31, it is preferable that the volume of the refractory sheet 3 after foaming is 10 to 30 times the volume when it is not foamed. For example, by using a sheet-shaped fireproof sheet 3 having a thickness of 0.6 mm in a foamed space G having a distance of 15 mm between the outer wall material 5 and the base material 2, the foaming ratio becomes 25 times, and fire resistance is relatively inexpensive. Performance can be improved. Further, for the portion where the fire resistance performance is enhanced, for example, when a 1.2 mm sheet-shaped fire resistance sheet 3 is used and the foaming ratio is 12.5 times, the fire resistance performance is further enhanced.

The base material 2 has a flat plate shape and is formed harder than the refractory sheet 3. The base material 2 is formed of a plurality of base members 21. The base member 21 is a plate material having a rectangular shape when viewed from the front. Examples of the base member 21 include wood boards such as plywood and particle board, and nonflammable boards such as gypsum board and calcium silicate board. The base member 21 is preferably nonflammable. The thickness of the nonflammable base member 21 can be, for example, 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less, preferably 9 mm or more and 21 mm or less, but is not limited thereto. The non-combustible base member 21 conforms to the provisions of Article 2-9 of the same law and Article 108-2 (non-combustible material) of the same law enforcement order based on the provisions of Article 68-26, Paragraph 1 of the Building Standards Act. Those that have been certified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism are preferable.

In the present embodiment, "front view" means viewing from the outdoor side to the indoor side along the thickness direction of the base material 2.

The outer wall material 5 is an exterior material of the outer wall structure 1, and the outer wall structure 1 is decorated with the outer wall material 5. The outer wall material 5, for example, ceramic siding. Ceramic siding is a cured product of a hydraulic material containing cement. The outer wall material 5 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape, but may have an uneven pattern or a coating film on the surface thereof to have a design property. The thickness of the outer wall material 5 is, for example, 10 mm or more and 30 mm or less, but is not limited to this. The shape of the outer wall material 5 is also arbitrary, but for example, it is formed in a rectangular plate shape when viewed from the front (when viewed along the thickness direction of the outer wall material 5). The outer wall material 5 has fruit. An actual recess 501 is provided at the upper end of the outer wall material 5. A real convex portion 502 is provided at the lower end portion of the outer wall material 5. The outer wall material 5 constructed adjacent to the upper and lower surfaces is connected by fitting the actual concave portion 501 and the actual convex portion 502. The outer wall material 5 may be a metal-based siding material obtained by molding a metal plate.

As shown in FIG. 3, the outer wall structure 1 according to the present embodiment further includes a plurality of lightweight aggregates 22, a heat insulating material 23, a foundation 63, a fastener 80, and a joint material 81.

The plurality of lightweight aggregates 22 are provided on the upper side of the foundation 63 via the base 64. The plurality of lightweight aggregates 22 are arranged one by one along the left-right direction X with a predetermined interval. Further, two or more lightweight aggregates 22 may be combined. When combining two lightweight aggregates 22, the lightweight aggregates 22 are joined together and the mounting surface of each lightweight aggregate 22 is directed to the outdoor side. This mounting surface is a surface facing the base member 21 in a state where the base member 21 is attached to the lightweight aggregate 22.

The lightweight aggregate 22 is a member that is elongated in the vertical direction Y while being provided on the outer wall structure 1. The cross-sectional shape of the lightweight aggregate 22 may be rectangular, for example, like a square pipe, or C-shaped, as shown in FIG. The cross section of the lightweight aggregate 22 means a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction Y. Examples of the material constituting the lightweight aggregate 22 include iron and stainless steel.

The base material 2 is arranged on the outdoor side of the lightweight aggregate 22. Since the base material 2 is formed of a plurality of base members 21, the plurality of base members 21 are arranged side by side in the vertical direction Y and the horizontal direction X. The base member 21 adjacent to the base member 21 in the vertical direction is attached by abutting the lower end of the upper base member 21 and the upper end of the lower base member 21. Further, the base member 21 adjacent to the left-right direction X is attached by abutting the left end of the right base member 21 and the right end of the left base member 21. Each base member 21 is attached to and fixed to the lightweight aggregate 22 with a fixture 33 such as a screw or a nail.

It is desirable that the portion where the base members 21 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction X abut each other is located on the outdoor side of the lightweight aggregate 22. As a result, even if the base member 21 is deformed in the event of a fire and a gap is created in the portion where the base members 21 abut each other in the left-right direction X, the light-weight aggregate 22 closes the base member 21, thus improving the fire resistance performance. Can be done. Further, in the present embodiment, the rectangular base member 21 is constructed horizontally, but it may be constructed vertically.

A plurality of heat insulating materials 23 are arranged on the indoor side of the base material 2. The plurality of heat insulating materials 23 are arranged between the adjacent lightweight aggregates 22 respectively. The heat insulating material 23 may be fixed to the indoor side surface of the base material 2 with an adhesive or the like. In addition to bonding, the heat insulating material 23 can also be fixed to the base material 2 with an adhesive tape. The heat insulating material 23 is preferably in close contact with the indoor side surface of the base material 2. As a result, it becomes difficult to form a space that communicates vertically between the base material 2 and the heat insulating material 23, and the heat transferred from the base material 2 moves in the vertical direction between the base material 2 and the heat insulating material 23. Can be suppressed. Further, the heat insulating material 23 can be fixed to the lightweight aggregate 22 with an adhesive tape.

A fireproof sheet 3 is arranged on the outdoor side of the base material 2. Since the fireproof sheet 3 is formed of a plurality of sheet members 32, the plurality of sheet members 32 are arranged side by side in the vertical direction Y. The seat member 32 is pressed and fixed to the base material 2 by the pressing tool 4a in a state where the support 4 is fixed to the base material 2.

Further, on the outdoor side of the portion where the base members 21 abut each other on the top and bottom, the lower end portion of the upper sheet member 32 and the upper end portion of the lower sheet member 32 are overlapped. When a plurality of sheet members 32 are arranged in the left-right direction X, the left end portion of the right seat member 32 and the right end portion of the left side seat member 32 are placed on the outdoor side of the portion where the base members 21 abut each other on the left and right. You may stack them.

The refractory sheet 3 (sheet member 32) may be a long roll-shaped sheet or a short sheet slightly larger than the base member 21.

After the refractory sheet 3 is attached to the base material 2 over the entire surface, a plurality of fasteners 80 are arranged on the outdoor side of the refractory sheet 3. The fastener 80 is arranged on the indoor side of the outer peripheral edge of the outer wall material 5 and on the outdoor side surface of the refractory sheet 3, and is fixed to the lightweight aggregate 22 by a fixture 86 such as a screw.

The outer wall material 5 is attached to the outdoor side of the refractory sheet 3 by the fastener 80. A plurality of outer wall materials 5 are arranged, and each outer wall material 5 is held by a plurality of fasteners 80. That is, the upper end of the outer wall material 5 is hooked and held by the fastener 80 arranged on the upper side thereof, and the lower end of the outer wall material 5 is hooked and held by the fastener 80 arranged on the lower side thereof. Further, the outer wall materials 5 adjacent to the top and bottom are connected by a real joint between the real convex portion 502 and the real concave portion 501 (see, for example, FIG. 4). Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the joint material 81 is arranged between the outer wall materials 5 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction X. A sealing material 83 is provided on the outdoor side of the joint material 81. A drainer 84 is provided below the lowermost outer wall material 5. The foamed space G between the outer wall material 5 and the fireproof sheet 3 functions as a ventilation path in a state where the fireproof sheet 3 is not foamed.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable to shift the portion where the adjacent outer wall materials 5 abut each other and the portion where the adjacent base members 21 abut each other so as not to overlap each other in the front view. That is, the position of the sealing material 83 between the outer wall materials 5 adjacent to the left-right direction X and the portion where the base members 21 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction X abut each other can be shifted so as not to overlap each other in the front view. preferable. Further, the position of the portion where the outer wall members 5 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Y abut against each other and the position of the portion where the base members 21 and 21 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Y abut each other do not overlap in the front view. It is preferable to shift it in this way. In this case, even if a flame invades the joint of the adjacent outer wall material 5 and the actual joint between the actual convex portion 502 and the actual concave portion 501 from the outdoor side of the outer wall material 5, the flame moves in the vertical direction Y and the horizontal direction X. It becomes difficult for the adjacent base members 21 to directly invade the portion where they abut each other, and the fire resistance performance can be improved. However, if the joint of the outer wall material 5 adjacent to the left-right direction X and the portion where the base members 21 adjacent to the left-right direction X abut each other match the lightweight aggregate 22 in the front view, the left-right direction X It is not necessary to shift the joint of the outer wall material 5 adjacent to the joint and the portion where the base members 21 and 21 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction X abut.

In the outer wall structure 1 according to the present embodiment, by providing the fireproof sheet 3, in the event of a fire, the fireproof sheet 3 is heated from the outdoor side of the outer wall material 5 and foams and expands in the foam space G. The foam layer 31 is formed by. As a result, the heat-shielding effect and the flame-shielding effect of the foam layer 31 can reduce the invasion of flames and heat from the outside to the inside, and therefore, the fire resistance performance can be improved and the foam layer 31 can be improved. As a result, a space that communicates vertically is not formed between the outer wall material 5 and the base material 2, and heat can be suppressed from moving in the vertical direction Y between the outer wall material 5 and the base material 2. Further, by providing the fireproof sheet 3 on the indoor side of the outer wall material 5, the fireproof sheet 3 is not required to have high weather resistance and water resistance, and the fireproof performance can be improved. Further, since the refractory sheet 3 is a thin material if there is no fire, the foamed space G can normally function as a ventilation path, and the dimensions from the outer wall material 5 to the base material 2 are compared with those of the conventional one. Is hard to grow. Further, by providing the heat insulating material 23, heat is less likely to be transferred to the rear indoor side than the base material 2, and thereby the fire resistance performance can be improved.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the outer wall structure 1 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 6. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the drawings for the configurations common to those of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the outer wall structure 1 according to the present embodiment includes an outer wall material 5, a base material 2, a fireproof sheet 3, a foam space holding means 44, and a foam space G. The foamed space holding means 44 is a fixture 40. The fixture 40 includes a pressing tool 4a and a support tool 4.

The pressing tool 4a is integrated with the support tool 4 as shown in FIGS. 5A and 6. Further, the pressing tool 4a is provided with a through hole 4b. The through hole 4b is a hole that penetrates the pressing tool 4a along a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the leg portion 42. The pressing tool 4a has a shape that is curved in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the leg portion 42 as the portion closer to the center of the through hole 4b along the length direction of the leg portion 42. Examples of the shape of the pressing tool 4a include a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape and a quadrangular shape, a circular shape, and an elliptical shape provided with a through hole 4b. The pressing tool 4a is made of the same material as the support tool 4, and examples of this material include iron and stainless steel. Therefore, the pressing tool 4a has fire resistance like the support tool 4. Even if the pressing tool 4a has, the refractory sheet 3 foams and expands to the outdoor side beyond the pressing tool 4a due to heat such as a fire. As a result, the foam layer 31 is formed between the outer wall material 5 and the base material 2 as shown in FIG. 5B.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, the outer wall structure 1 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 8. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the drawings for the configurations common to those of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 7A, the outer wall structure 1 according to the present embodiment includes an outer wall material 5, a base material 2, a fireproof sheet 3, a foam space holding means 44, and a foam space G. The foam space holding means 44 is a fixture 40. The fixture 40 includes a pressing tool 4a and a support tool 4.

The pressing tool 4a is an elongated portion integrated with the support tool 4, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 6. The support 4 includes a pair of legs 42 that are convex from both ends of the head 41 toward the indoor side while being fixed to the base material 2. Then, the pressing tool 4a connects the pair of legs 42. The pressing tool 4a may have fire resistance, and may be made of a material that melts at a temperature equal to or lower than the foaming start temperature of the refractory sheet 3. Examples of the material that melts below the foaming start temperature include plastics such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate, and low melting point metals. Examples of the low melting point metal include various metals used for solder and alloys thereof. Further, when the pressing tool 4a has fire resistance, the fireproof sheet 3 foams and expands to the outdoor side beyond the pressing tool 4a even if the pressing tool 4a does not melt due to heat such as a fire. As a result, the foam layer 31 is formed between the outer wall material 5 and the base material 2 as shown in FIG. 7B. The fire-resistant pressing tool 4a is made of, for example, iron, stainless steel, or the like.

Further, in the example of FIG. 8, the plane shape of the head 41 viewed from the side opposite to the tip of the leg 42 in the length direction of the leg 42 is rectangular, but the plane of the head 41. The shape can be changed arbitrarily. Other examples of the planar shape of the head 41 include a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape, a circular shape, and an elliptical shape.

(Modification example)
In the first to third embodiments, the support tool 4 and the pressing tool 4a are integrated, but may be separate bodies. In this case, a tacker can be used as the pressing tool 4a. Examples of the material constituting this tacker include plastics and low melting point metals.

Further, in the first to third embodiments, the pressing tool 4a is in contact with the unfoamed fireproof sheet 3, but an arbitrary waterproof sheet may be interposed between the pressing tool 4a and the fireproof sheet 3. .. That is, the waterproof sheet may be arranged so as to cover the fireproof sheet 3 from the outdoor side.

(Summary)
As described above, the first aspect is the outer wall structure (1), which includes the outer wall material (5), the base material (2), the refractory sheet (3), and the foamed space holding means (44). .. The refractory sheet (3) is fixed to the surface of the base material (2) and foams when heated. The foaming space holding means (44) holds the foaming space (foaming space G) of the refractory sheet (3) when heated.

According to the first aspect, the foaming space holding means (44) can secure the foaming space (G) required for foaming the refractory sheet (3) at the time of heating such as a fire, and after foaming the refractory sheet (3), the foaming space. Good fire resistance can be easily obtained even in the vicinity of the holding means (44).

The second aspect is the outer wall structure (1) of the first aspect, in which the foamed space holding means (44) comes into contact with the back surface of the outer wall material (5) during heating and the foamed space (G) of the refractory sheet (3). To hold.

According to the second aspect, even if the outer wall material (5) is deformed and curved indoors due to heating due to a fire or the like, the foamed space holding means (44) is in contact with the back surface of the outer wall material (5) and is in contact with the outer wall material. Since (5) is supported, the volume of the foamed space (G) is less likely to be reduced. As a result, a portion where the thickness of the layer (foamed layer 31) formed by foaming the fireproof sheet (3) is less likely to be formed in the event of a fire, and the fireproof performance is likely to be stable.

The third aspect is the outer wall structure (1) of the first or second aspect, in which the foamed space holding means (44) comes into contact with the back surface of the outer wall material (5) and foams the refractory sheet (3) during heating. It is a fixture (40) that holds a space (foaming space G) and fixes the refractory sheet (3) to the base material (2) in an unfoamed state.

According to the third aspect, the foaming space holding means (44) can secure the foaming space (G) required for foaming the refractory sheet (3) at the time of heating such as a fire, and after foaming the refractory sheet (3), the foaming space. Good fire resistance can be easily obtained even in the vicinity of the holding means (44).

The fourth aspect is the outer wall structure (1) of the third aspect, and the fixture (40) includes a support (4) and a pressing tool (4a). The support tool (4) supports the outer wall material (5) from the indoor side when heated to hold the foamed space (G) of the refractory sheet (3). The pressing tool (4a) fixes the unfoamed refractory sheet (3) by pressing it against the base material (3).

According to the fourth aspect, even if the outer wall material (5) is deformed and curved toward the indoor side, the support (4) fixed to the base material (2) is in contact with the outer wall material (5) to support it. The volume of the foaming space (G) is less likely to decrease. As a result, a portion where the thickness of the layer (foamed layer 31) formed by foaming the fireproof sheet (3) is less likely to be formed in the event of a fire, and the fireproof performance is likely to be stable.

The fifth aspect is the outer wall structure (1) of the third or fourth aspect, and the fixture (40) is fixed to the base material (2) on the indoor side of the central portion of the outer wall material (5). ..

According to the fifth aspect, even if the outer wall material (5) is deformed and curved indoors due to heating due to a fire or the like, the outer wall material (5) is provided by the fixture (40) fixed to the base material (2). Is supported, so that the volume of the foamed space (G) is less likely to become smaller.

The sixth aspect is the outer wall structure (1) of the fourth or fifth aspect, and the pressing tool (4a) is made of a material that melts below the foaming start temperature of the refractory sheet (3).

According to the sixth aspect, after the pressing tool (4a) is melted by a fire or the like, a layer (foamed layer 31) in which the refractory sheet (3) is foamed at the time of a fire is formed, and the thickness of this layer is reduced. The part is less likely to occur, and the fire resistance performance is likely to be stable.

The seventh aspect is the outer wall structure (1) of any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, in which the support tool (4) and the pressing tool (4a) are integrated.

According to the seventh aspect, when the support (4) is fixed to the base material (2), the pressing tool (4a) comes into contact with the refractory sheet (3), so that the head (41) of the support (4) It becomes easier to position.

1 Outer wall structure 2 Base material 3 Fireproof sheet 44 Foam space holding means 5 Outer wall material

Claims (7)

Outer wall material and
Base material and
A refractory sheet that is fixed to the surface of the base material and foams when heated,
A foaming space holding means for holding a foaming space of the refractory sheet during heating,
To prepare
Outer wall structure. The foamed space holding means contacts the back surface of the outer wall material when heated to hold the foamed space of the refractory sheet.
The outer wall structure according to claim 1. The foamed space holding means is a fixture that comes into contact with the back surface of the outer wall material to hold the foamed space of the refractory sheet when heated, and fixes the refractory sheet to the base material in an unfoamed state.
The outer wall structure according to claim 1 or 2. The fixture includes a support that supports the outer wall material from the indoor side at the time of heating to hold the foamed space of the refractory sheet, and a pressing tool that presses the unfoamed refractory sheet against the base material to fix it. ,
The outer wall structure according to claim 3. The fixture is fixed to the base material on the indoor side of the central portion of the outer wall material.
The outer wall structure according to claim 3 or 4. The pressing tool is made of a material that melts below the foaming start temperature of the refractory sheet.
The outer wall structure according to claim 4 or 5. The support and the pressing tool are integrated,
The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 4 to 6.

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