JP2021014337A - Hoist - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a hoist which can adjust the brake torque of a brake for controlling the drive of a hoist of an elevator.SOLUTION: A hoist comprises a brake device for braking the hoist by the pressurization of a brake pad to a brake disc of the hoist by energization means 35 via an armature 25, and a torque adjusting mechanism 29 for adjusting torque when the brake device brakes the hoist. The torque adjusting mechanism 29 comprises energization force change means 37 for changing an energization force which is applied on the armature 25 by the energization means 35.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to hoisting machines.

The elevator hoisting machine is provided with a brake device that controls the drive of the hoisting machine.
As a brake device of this type, a brake device that brakes by pressing a brake pad against a brake disc fixed to a rotating shaft of a hoisting machine via an armature is known.
In addition, for safety inspection of the hoisting machine, the brake torque when braking the hoisting machine with the braking device is measured, and if the braking torque is not within the predetermined threshold range, the power to the braking device is supplied. It is known to try to recover the brake torque by shutting off the supply and operating the brake device (brake slip).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-49568

However, the brake slip only attempts to recover the brake torque, and does not adjust the brake torque acting on the hoisting machine.
On the other hand, a hoisting machine capable of adjusting the brake torque has been desired.

An object of the present embodiment is to provide a hoisting machine capable of adjusting the brake torque.

In the present embodiment, a braking device that brakes the hoisting machine by pressing a brake pad against the brake disc of the hoisting machine by an urging means via an armature, and a brake device when the braking device brakes the hoisting machine. The hoisting machine includes a torque adjusting mechanism for adjusting the torque, and the torque adjusting mechanism is provided with an urging force changing means for changing the urging force acted on the armature by the urging means.

It is a front view which shows the schematic structure of the elevator which concerns on this embodiment. It is a side view of the hoisting machine shown in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the brake device of the hoisting machine shown in FIG. 2, where FIG. 2A is a non-operating state of the brake and FIG. It is a rear view of the brake device shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic structure of the urging force changing means shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the brake torque adjustment program in a management center. It is a flowchart which shows the process by the brake torque adjustment program which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the process by the brake torque adjustment program which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, the elevator 1 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the hoisting machine 3 of the elevator 1 is installed in the hoistway where the car 8 goes up and down in the elevator building 5, and the rope 10 to which the car 8 and the counterweight 9 are attached is attached. Wind it up and down the car 8. This elevator 1 is a machine roomless elevator that does not have a machine room in the building 5.
In the elevator 1, an elevator control panel 11 that controls the operation of the elevator is provided in the hoistway of the car 8.
Further, the elevator control panel 11 is connected to the elevator management center 15 by communication via, for example, a communication network 13 such as LAN or WAN.
The management center 15 has programs for elevator operation, maintenance, inspection, diagnosis, etc., and receives various data signals from the elevator control panel 11 based on these programs, and transmits command signals to the elevator control panel 11. To do.

As shown in FIG. 2, a rope 10 is wound around the hoisting sheave 17 of the hoisting machine 3. The hoisting machine 3 is a motor that rotates the rotating shaft 3a by supplying electric power, and its drive and stop are controlled by an elevator control panel 11 (see FIG. 1).
The hoisting machine 3 includes a drive unit 19 constituting a motor and a brake device 21 for braking the rotation of the rotating shaft 3a.

As shown in FIG. 3, the brake device 21 includes an electromagnetic coil 23, an armature 25, a compression coil spring 26, a brake disc 27, a brake pad 28, and a torque adjusting mechanism 29.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the electromagnetic coil 23 is housed in the coil case 31, and the armature 25 is electromagnetically attracted against the urging force of the compression coil spring 26 by energizing and exciting the electromagnetic coil 23. , Move to the coil case 31 side.
A plurality of compression coil springs 26 are provided, and each compression coil spring 26 is housed in a storage portion 39 formed in the coil case 31. The storage portion 39 is a hole in which an opening 39b is formed on the armature 25 side.
One end 26a of the compression coil spring 26 is in contact with the armature 25, and the other end 26b is in contact with the spring support member 24 arranged in the storage portion 39.
The coil case 31, armature 25, brake disc 27, and each brake pad 28 are movably inserted with mounting bolts 33, and the mounting bolts 33 are fixed to the drive unit 19 of the hoisting machine 3 by screwing. There is.

The brake disc 27 is fixed to the rotating shaft 3a of the hoisting machine 3 and rotates together with the rotating shaft 3a.
Brake pads 28 are provided on both sides of the brake disc 27, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3B, by stopping the energization of the electromagnetic coil 23, the armature 25 is pushed by the urging force of the compression coil spring 26 and moves to the brake disc 27 side, thereby braking the brake pad 28. It is pressed against the disc 27, and the rotation of the brake disc 27 is braked by the frictional force of the brake pad 28.

The torque adjusting mechanism 29 adjusts the torque (brake torque) when the braking device 21 brakes the hoisting machine 3 by increasing or decreasing it, and is provided in the coil case 31.
As shown in FIG. 5, the torque adjusting mechanism 29 includes a compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 for adjustment and a motor (biasing force changing means) 37. In the present embodiment, the adjusting compression coil spring (urging means) 35 is of the same type as the compression coil spring 26, and both are housed in the storage portion 39 in the same manner as the compression coil spring 26.
As shown in FIG. 4, a total of six compression coil springs 26 and adjustment compression coil springs (biasing means) 35 are provided in the coil case 31, for example, at equal intervals, and some of them (for example, three or two) are provided. ) Is the adjustment compression coil spring (biasing means) 35.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the torque adjusting mechanism 29, the rotating shaft 37a of the motor (biasing force changing means) 37 is screwed into the movable spring support member 41 via the spline 43. A male screw 41a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the movable spring support member 41, and the male screw 41a is screwed into a female screw 39a formed in the storage portion 39, and the movable spring support member 41 is on one side. By rotating to the armature 25 side, it is pushed forward, and by rotating to the other side, it moves backward. By moving the movable spring support member 41 forward or backward in this way, the urging force of the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 acting on the armature 25 can be changed.

Next, the operations of the brake device 21 and the torque adjusting mechanism 29 will be described.
(When the hoisting machine 3 is in the driving state)
As shown in FIG. 3A, the elevator control panel 11 energizes the electromagnetic coil 23 of the brake device 21, and the armature 25 resists the urging force of each compression coil spring 26 and the adjustment compression coil spring (biasing means) 35. Is electromagnetically attracted to the coil case 31 side. As a result, the brake pads 28 provided on both sides of the brake disc 21 are in a free state, and the brake disc 27 rotates together with the rotation shaft 3a of the hoisting machine 3.
(When the brake device 21 is applied to the hoisting machine 3)
As shown in FIG. 3B, by stopping the energization of the electromagnetic coil 23, the armature 25 is pushed by the urging force of the compression coil spring 26 and the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35, and the brake disc 27 side. The brake pad 28 is pressed against the brake disc 27, and the frictional force of the brake pad 28 brakes the rotation of the brake disc 27.

The torque (brake torque) adjustment by the torque adjusting mechanism 29 will be described with reference to FIG.
When it is desired to increase the brake torque, a current in one direction is passed through the motor (biasing force changing means) 37 to rotate the rotating shaft 37a to one side. As a result, the movable spring support member 41 screwed the female screw 39a as shown by the arrow E and moved to the armature 25 side, so that the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 acts on the armature 25. Strengthen. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3B, the brake torque can be increased by strongly pressing the brake pad 28 against the brake disc 27.
On the other hand, when it is desired to reduce the brake torque, a current in the opposite direction is passed through the motor (biasing force changing means) 37 to rotate the rotating shaft 37a to the other side. As a result, the movable spring support member 41 retracts to the side opposite to the arrow E, so that the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 weakens the urging force acting on the armature 25. As a result, the brake torque can be reduced by weakening the force that presses the brake pad 28 against the brake disc 27.

Next, the configuration of the brake torque adjustment program (brake torque adjustment method) 47 in the management center 15 will be described with reference to FIG.
This program 47 includes a brake torque determination unit 49, a torque adjustment unit 51, and an abnormality reporting unit 53.
The brake torque determination unit 49 includes a torque measurement unit 55, a measurement data storage unit 57 for storing the measurement data measured by the torque measurement unit 55, a reference data storage unit 59, and a comparison unit 61.
The torque measurement unit 55 emits a torque measurement signal to the elevator control panel 11 via the communication network 13. In the elevator control panel 11, for example, when the hoisting machine 3 is stopped and the hoisting machine 3 is driven with the brake applied, as shown in FIG. 3B, the power when the hoisting machine 3 starts to slide is applied. By measuring, the brake torque is measured.
The measured brake torque (measurement data T) is stored in the measurement data storage unit 57 from the elevator control panel 11 via the communication network 13.

The reference data storage unit 59 stores the range T1 to T2 of the threshold value of the appropriate brake torque. The threshold ranges T1 to T2 are values in an appropriate range that are sufficient to stop the elevator car 8 (see FIG. 1) and at the same time do not cause a large shock due to a sudden stop, and T2 is a value in an appropriate range. The lower limit value and T1 are upper limit values (T2 <T1).
The reference data storage unit 59 stores various appropriate brake torque threshold ranges T1 to T2 according to the environment such as temperature and humidity.
The comparison unit 61 compares the measurement data T stored in the measurement data storage unit 57 with the threshold range T1 to T2, and whether or not the measurement data T is within the threshold range T1 to T2 (T2 ≦ T ≦ T1). Is determined.

The torque adjusting unit 51 includes a brake torque setting unit 63, a torque adjusting machine driving unit 65, a spring length measuring unit 67, and an emergency braking unit 69.
Regarding the result of comparison by the comparison unit 61, the brake torque setting unit 63 attaches a compression coil spring for adjustment when the brake torque measurement data T exceeds the upper limit value T1 of the threshold range (T> T1). Change to a position to weaken the urging force of the urging means) 35, and if it is less than the lower limit value T2 in the threshold range (T <T2), change to a position to strengthen the urging force of the adjusting compression coil spring (urging means) 35. A setting signal is transmitted to the torque regulator drive unit 65 so as to perform the above.
The torque regulator drive unit 65 emits a drive signal of the motor (biasing force changing means) 37 to the elevator control panel 11 based on the setting signal received from the brake torque setting unit 63, and causes the motor (biasing force changing means) 37 to operate. It is driven to move the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 to a position where the urging force is strengthened or weakened (see FIG. 5).
The spring length measuring unit 67 measures the spring length of the adjusting compression coil spring (urging means) 35, and transmits a measurement signal of whether or not the spring wire is in close contact to the brake torque setting unit 63. The spring length is measured by calculating the cumulative amount of movement of the movable spring support member 41 by the motor (urging force changing means) 37, and the length in which the compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 is in close contact with the spring wire. It is determined whether or not it is.

The emergency braking unit 69 operates the emergency braking after releasing the brake while the hoisting machine 3 is stopped energized, and sends the emergency braking operation signal from the program of the management center 15 to the communication network 13. It is transmitted to the elevator control panel 11 via (see FIG. 1).
The abnormality reporting unit 53 reports an abnormality in the elevator, and displays a blinking emergency light, an alarm, or a display to that effect on the control panel or the management center 15.

Next, with reference to FIG. 7, the flow of the brake torque adjusting method according to the first embodiment will be described.
The brake torque adjustment flow may be started periodically every day before the elevator is normally operated, every few days, or at a preset inspection time. This brake torque adjustment flow is performed via the communication network 13 based on the program stored in the management center 15.
When the flow is started, the brake torque is measured in step S1. The brake torque is measured when the elevator control panel 11 receives a measurement signal from the torque measuring unit 55 (see FIG. 6), the brake torque measurement is started, and the measurement data T is the measurement data storage unit 57 (see FIG. 6). Stored in.
In step S2, the comparison unit 61 (see FIG. 6) compares the measurement data T with the threshold range T1 to T2, determines whether or not the measurement data T is within the threshold range T1 to T2 (T2 ≦ T ≦ T1). If it is within the threshold range (T2 ≦ T ≦ T1), it is normal and the program ends.

If the measurement data T is not within the threshold range in step S2 (T> T1 or T <T2), the process proceeds to step S3. In step S3, the length of the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 is measured, and the spring length of the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 is a determination signal of whether or not the spring wire is in close contact. Is transmitted to the brake torque setting unit 63 (see FIG. 6), and the process proceeds to step S4.
In step S4, if the spring length of the compression coil spring 26 is not the length in which the spring wire is in close contact, it is determined that the torque can be automatically adjusted, and the process proceeds to step S5 to drive the torque adjustment mechanism.
In the torque adjustment mechanism drive step of step S5, the motor (biasing force changing means) 37 is driven. In driving the motor (biasing force changing means) 37, when the measurement data T measured in the brake torque measurement step S1 exceeds the upper limit value T1 in the threshold range (T>), as referred to in FIG. In T1), the position is changed to weaken the urging force of the adjustment compression coil spring (urging means) 35, and when the measurement data T is less than the lower limit value T2 in the threshold range (T <T2), the adjustment is performed. A setting signal is sent to the torque regulator drive unit 65 (see FIG. 6) so as to change the position of the compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 to strengthen the urging force.
After driving the torque adjusting mechanism 29 (see FIG. 3) in step S5, the process returns to the brake torque measurement step S1.

On the other hand, in step S4, if the spring length of the adjusting compression coil spring (urging means) 35 is the length in which the spring wire is in close contact and the torque cannot be adjusted, the process proceeds to step S6.
In step S6, emergency braking is performed. The emergency braking operation emits an execution program signal of the emergency braking unit 69 (see FIG. 6) to the elevator control panel 11. When the hoisting machine 3 is in the driving state, the elevator control panel 11 stops the energization of the brake device 21 and operates the emergency braking. The reason for performing emergency braking in this way is that the braking torque may be recovered by improving the rubbing of the brake pads 28.
Next, the brake torque is measured again in step S7.
Then, if the brake torque measurement data T measured in step S8 is within the threshold range (T2 ≦ T ≦ T1), the process ends.
If the brake torque measurement data T measured in step S8 is not within the threshold range (T> T1 or T <T2), the abnormality reporting unit 53 issues an abnormality in step S9, and the process ends.

Next, the operation and effect of the hoisting machine 3 of the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the braking device 21 for braking the hoisting machine 3 includes a torque adjusting mechanism 29 for adjusting the torque when braking the hoisting machine 3, and the torque adjusting mechanism 29 is a compression coil spring for adjustment. Since the (urging means) 35 can drive the motor (urging force changing means) 37 that changes the urging force acting on the armature 25 to change the urging force, the braking force of the braking device 21 is always kept within an appropriate range. can do. As a result, it is possible to prevent the brake torque from being set excessively from ensuring safety, as has been conventionally done, and it is possible to provide an elevator with a comfortable ride.

As shown in FIG. 5, the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35 has one end 35a in contact with the armature 25 and the other end 35b in contact with the movable spring support member 41, and the motor (biasing force change). Means) 37 has a configuration in which the movable spring support member 41 is advanced or retracted, so that the brake torque acting on the brake disc 27 can be easily adjusted with a simple configuration.
Since the movable spring support member 41 is configured to move forward or backward in conjunction with the rotation shaft 37a of the motor (biasing force changing means) 37, for example, the movable spring support member 41 can be moved by simply changing the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 37a. Since it can move forward or backward, the configuration can be simplified.
As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of compression coil springs 26 and 35 having the same configuration are provided, and the torque adjusting mechanism 29 uses at least one compression coil spring 26 as the adjusting compression coil spring (biasing means) 35. Can be used and the number of parts can be reduced.

Next, the operation and effect of the torque adjusting method of the hoist according to the present embodiment will be described.
In FIG. 7, as shown in steps S4 and S5, when the measurement data T measured in the brake torque measurement step exceeds the upper limit value T1 in the threshold range (T> T1), the adjustment compression The urging force of the coil spring (urging means) 35 is weakened, and when it is less than the lower limit value T2 of the threshold range (T <T2), the urging force of the adjusting compression coil spring (urging means) 35 is strengthened. Both adjustments can be made to increase or decrease the torque.
As shown in step S3, when the length of the adjusting compression coil spring (urging means) 35 is the length in which the spring wire is in close contact, emergency braking (step S6) is performed to perform the brake pad 28. Since we are trying to improve the friction of the brakes, it is possible to recover the brake torque.
After performing emergency braking in step S6, the brake torque measurement step (step S7) and determination (step S8) of whether or not the brake torque measurement data T is within the threshold range (T2 ≦ T ≦ T1) are carried out. Therefore, it is possible to confirm the improvement of the rubbing of the brake pads 28.
Since the elevator control panel 11 and the management center 15 having a management program for remotely controlling the elevator control panel 11 are remotely controlled via the communication network 13, the number of workers who inspect the elevator can be reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
Other embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but in the embodiments described below, details of the parts that exhibit the same effects as those of the above-described first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. In the following description, the main differences from the first embodiment will be described.
FIG. 8 shows a method of adjusting the brake torque of the hoist according to the second embodiment. In this second embodiment, when the brake torque setting unit 63 (see FIG. 6) determines that the torque automatic adjustment in step S4 is possible, the torque adjustment mechanism is driven in step S5, and then emergency braking is performed in step S6. It is different from the first embodiment that the brake torque is measured by returning to step S1 after the implementation.
According to the control flow of the second embodiment (see FIG. 7), the same operation and effect as those of the control flow of the first embodiment (see FIG. 8) can be obtained, and the control flow becomes simpler. can do.

The embodiments described above are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other embodiments, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. The embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.
For example, the urging means according to the claim is not limited to the compression coil spring, and the armature 25 may be urged by hydraulic pressure or the like, and the torque adjusting mechanism 29 may be a pump that increases or decreases the hydraulic pressure. ..
The hoisting machine 3 is not limited to the hoisting machine of the elevator, and may be the hoisting machine of the escalator.
As shown in FIG. 5, the rotation shaft 37a of the motor (biasing force changing means) 37 and the movable spring support member 41 are connected by a combination of rack and pinions and gears, and the movable spring support member 41 is advanced. And may be set back.

3 ... hoisting machine, 11 ... elevator control panel, 13 ... communication network, 15 ... management center, 21 ... brake device, 23 ... electromagnetic coil, 25 ... armature, 27 ... brake disc, 28 ... brake pad, 29 ... torque adjustment Mechanism, 35 ... Adjusting compression coil spring (urging means), 37 ... Motor (biasing force changing means), 41 ... Movable spring support member, 51 ... Torque adjusting part, 55 ... Torque measuring part, 55 ... Abnormality reporting part, 61 ... Comparison section, 69 ... Emergency braking section.

In the present embodiment, a brake device that brakes the hoisting machine by pressing a brake pad against the brake disc of the hoisting machine by an urging means via an armature, and a brake device when the braking device brakes the hoisting machine. The torque adjusting mechanism includes a torque adjusting mechanism for adjusting the torque, the torque adjusting mechanism includes an urging force changing means for changing the urging force acted on the armature by the urging means, and the urging means is a compression coil spring. One end is in contact with the armature and the other end is in contact with the movable spring support member. The urging force changing means is a motor, and the movable spring support member is interlocked with the rotation of the shaft of the motor. Is a hoist that moves forward or backward toward the armature .

Claims (4)

A brake device that brakes the hoist by the urging means pressing a brake pad against the brake disc of the hoist via an armature, and a torque that adjusts the torque when the brake device brakes the hoist. Equipped with an adjustment mechanism
The torque adjusting mechanism is a hoisting machine including a urging force changing means for changing the urging force that the urging means acts on the armature. The urging means is a compression coil spring, one end of which is in contact with the armature and the other end of which is in contact with a movable spring support member, and the urging force changing means advances or retracts the movable spring support member. The hoisting machine according to claim 1. The hoisting machine according to claim 2, wherein the urging force changing means is a motor, and the movable spring support member moves forward or backward toward the armature in conjunction with the rotation of the shaft of the motor. The hoisting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of the urging means are provided, and the torque adjusting mechanism is provided in at least one of the urging means.

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