JP2021006684A - Opening part opening and closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve a reliability of opening and closing movements of an opening and closing device automatically opening and closing an opening part provided at a building while saving a space without enlarging a capacity of a drive device.SOLUTION: The opening and closing device comprises: an opening frame F; a sheet-like body 2 closing a space in the opening frame F; a slide fastener 3 where a slider moves along a substantially U-shaped path C from the front of an outer periphery of the sheet-like body 2; a guide rail 4 provided on the opening frame F outside of the substantially U-shaped path C; a flexible long member A moving along the guide rail 4; a drive device M moving the long member A forward and backward along the guide rail 4; and a connector G connecting the slider to the long member A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a switchgear that automatically opens and closes an opening provided in a building.

As an opening / closing device that automatically opens / closes an opening provided in a building, the opening is opened / closed by raising / lowering the door (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and the opening is opened / closed by sliding the door in the left-right direction. (See, for example, Patent Document 2), and open and close the opening by rotating the door around the horizontal axis (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

Further, as the opening / closing device, a device that opens / closes the opening by raising / lowering a shutter curtain connecting a large number of slats unwound from the drum (see, for example, Patent Document 4), and the opening is made by raising / lowering the sheet unwound from the drum. There is one that opens and closes the part (see, for example, Patent Document 5).

Although it does not open and close the opening of the building, it automatically opens and closes by driving the slider of the slide fastener to engage or separate the element rows, assuming that the connecting parts such as tents and fishing nets are automatically opened and closed. (See, for example, Patent Documents 6 and 7).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-266700 Japanese Patent No. 6430055 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 649485 JP-A-2018-104896 JP-A-2018-172909 International Publication No. 2018/051401 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-189218

In the opening opening / closing device for opening / closing an opening provided in a building by a door as in Patent Documents 1 to 3, since the opening is opened / closed by a heavy door, the capacity of the drive device is increased and the capacity is saved. It is difficult to create space.
Even in an opening opening / closing device that opens / closes the opening by raising and lowering a shutter curtain or a sheet as in Patent Documents 4 and 5, a drive that winds up a shutter curtain or the like in which a large number of slats are connected so as to rise against the weight. Since force is required, the capacity of the drive device increases.

Further, in any of the opening opening / closing devices of Patent Documents 1 to 5, it is difficult to manually and quickly open the opening when the driving device stops operating due to a power failure or failure.
Further, in any of the opening opening / closing devices of Patent Documents 1 to 5, when used in an application in which airtightness and / or watertightness is required when the opening is closed, the structure for closing and sealing the gap is complicated. Become.

In the electric fastener of Patent Document 6, the slider 6 itself is electric, and it is necessary to incorporate the motor 64a, the speed reducer 64b, the rotating body 65, the power supply unit 68, and the like into the slider 6, so that the slider 6 becomes large.

The electric fastener of Patent Document 6 states that the electric slider 6 can be moved by the pull tab 7 when the electric power is insufficient or the motor fails ([0040]). However, when the puller 7 is used to move the electric slider 6 when the motor 64a fails, it is necessary to manually move the motor 64a from the load side of the speed reducer 64b, so that a large operating force is required. Therefore, the operability is reduced.

The electric fastener of Patent Document 7 does not include a motor or a power source on the slider as in Patent Document 6, but uses a normal slider 3 and provides a motor M, a power source, or the like on a fixed side. A flexible rod 1 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the fastener, the end of the flexible rod 1 is rotated by a motor M, and the flexible rod 1 is moved in the longitudinal direction by a spiral strip 1A provided on the peripheral surface of the flexible rod 1. The interlocking piece 2 is connected to the slider 3.

When the electric fastener of Patent Document 7 is used for opening and closing an opening provided in a building, it is necessary to drive the slider so as to move a path having a long overall length including a bending path. In that case, it is difficult to perform a highly reliable opening / closing operation in a configuration in which the interlocking piece 2 engaged with the spiral strip 1A is moved by the rotation of the flexible rod 1 and the slider 3 is driven by the interlocking piece 2.

The electric fastener of Patent Document 7 states that the sliding contact portion 2A of the interlocking piece 2 can be manually opened and closed even when the motor M does not operate by providing the sliding contact portion 2A of the interlocking piece 2 so as to freely appear and disappear on the spiral strip 1A of the flexible rod 1 ([0018]. ]). However, when manually operated by holding the pull tab 6, the sliding contact portion 2A that is pressed by the flexible rod 1A by the elastic urging force against the coil spring 2C and is engaged with the spiral strip 1A is used as the elastic urging force. Since it is necessary to move to the adjacent spiral 1A one after another against it, the operability is lowered.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a switchgear that automatically opens and closes an opening provided in a building, while saving space without increasing the capacity of the drive device. The first purpose is to improve the reliability of the opening / closing operation.
A second object of the present invention is to enable the opening to be manually and quickly opened when the drive device becomes inoperable due to a power failure or failure.
Furthermore, a third object is to facilitate application to applications that require airtightness and / or watertightness.

The present invention provides an opening opening / closing device having the following structure in order to achieve the above object.

(1)
A switchgear that automatically opens and closes openings in buildings.
With the opening frame
A sheet-like object that closes the space inside the opening frame,
A slide fastener in which the slider moves along a substantially U-shaped path in front view of the outer peripheral portion of the sheet-like object, and
On the outside of the substantially U-shaped path, a guide rail provided in the opening frame and
A flexible long member that moves along the guide rail,
A drive device that moves the long member forward and backward along the guide rail, and
A connecting tool that connects the slider and the long member,
An opening opening / closing device.

(2)
The connector is
With the slider connector on the slider side,
With the long member connecting body on the long member side,
A flexible member that connects the slider connecting body and the long member connecting body,
The opening opening / closing device according to (1).

(3)
The long member connecting body
It consists of a first connecting body and a second connecting body separated in the advancing and retreating directions.
The flexible member
The opening according to (2), comprising a first flexible member connecting the slider connecting body and the first connecting body, and a second flexible member connecting the slider connecting body and the second connecting body. Part opening and closing device.

(4)
The sheet-like material and the slide fastener
The opening opening / closing device according to any one of (1) to (3), which has airtightness and / or watertightness.

The opening opening / closing device according to the present invention described above has the following effects.

According to the configuration of (1), it is possible to improve the reliability of the opening / closing operation of the opening opening / closing device while saving space without increasing the capacity of the driving device.

According to the configuration of (2), the reliability of the opening / closing operation of the opening opening / closing device can be further improved. Moreover, when the drive device becomes inoperable due to a power failure or failure, the slide fastener can be quickly opened manually after performing the required simple operation.

According to the configuration of (3), the opening / closing direction of the slide fastener can be switched quickly, stably and surely. Moreover, the reliability of the opening / closing operation of the opening opening / closing device automatically performed can be further improved.

According to the configuration of (4), the opening opening / closing device can be easily applied to an application in which airtightness and / or watertightness is required when the opening provided in the building is closed. In addition, the opening opening / closing device can be easily applied to applications that require gas resistance, heat resistance, pressure resistance, and the like.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows the opening opening and closing device which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and shows the state which the slide fastener is closed. It is a schematic front view which shows the opening opening and closing device which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and shows the state which the slide fastener is closed. It is a schematic front view which shows the opening opening and closing device which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and shows the state which the slide fastener was opened. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view of a main part showing a slide fastener attached to a sheet-like object, a flexible long member moving along a guide rail, a slider of the slide fastener, and a connecting tool for connecting the long member. (A) is an enlarged front view of a main part showing an operation of opening a slide fastener, and (b) is an enlarged front view of a main part showing an operation of closing a slide fastener. FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of a main part showing a state in which a dog provided on a roller chain abuts on a lever of a limit switch and the limit switch detects a moving end in a direction of closing the slide fastener.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
In the present specification, the direction of the arrow FW in FIG. 1 is defined as the front, the left and right are defined toward the front, and the view seen from the front is the front view.

<Opening / closing device>
The opening opening / closing device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in the schematic perspective view of FIG. 1 and the schematic front view of FIGS. 2 and 3 automatically opens and closes an opening provided in a building. It includes an opening frame F, a sheet-like object 2, a slide fastener 3, a guide rail 4, a roller chain 5, which is a flexible long member A, a drive device M, a connector G, and the like.
The opening frame F has a substantially “square” shape in front view, and is manufactured by combining, for example, shaped steel.

The opening provided in the building is closed when the slide fastener 3 is closed as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and is open when the slide fastener 3 is opened as shown in FIG.
When the slide fastener 3 is opened as shown in FIG. 3, the tongue piece 2A of the sheet-like object 2 located inside the front view substantially U-shaped path C provided with the slide fastener 3 is free to move in the front-rear direction. You can move. Therefore, the opening of the building can be passed in the front-rear direction.
The tongue piece 2A may be configured to be windable on a drum or the like and can be unwound from the drum or the like by a device (not shown).

<Drive device>
The drive device M includes a geared motor 6 attached to the opening frame F, sprockets 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, and the like.

<Sheet-like material>
The sheet-like object 2 is provided so as to close the space in the opening frame F.
The sheet-like material 2 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin film, a woven cloth, a non-woven fabric, or the like, and has the required flexibility. Examples of the synthetic resin film used for the sheet-like material 2 include a polyurethane-based film or a polyethylene-based film.

In the sheet-like object 2, the material and the thickness may be changed depending on the position in the vertical and horizontal directions of the space in the opening frame F and the like. For example, it is preferable that the portion of the sheet-like object 2 where the slide fastener 3 is provided and the outer portion thereof (for example, a portion other than the tongue piece 2A) have higher rigidity than the other portion (for example, the tongue piece 2A). This is an embodiment.
Further, in the configuration in which the convex portion E shown below is provided on the sheet-like object 2, at least the surface of the convex portion E in the front-rear direction (the following side surfaces 11A,) so that the convex portion E has shape retention. 11B, upper surface 12A, lower surface 12B, and arcuate surfaces 13A, 13B) are thickened to ensure the required rigidity.

The sheet-like object 2 has left and right prospective left side surfaces 11A and prospective right side surfaces 11B extending in the vertical direction, and vertical and vertical surfaces extending in the horizontal direction as convex portions E protruding forward (the opening 4A side of the guide rail 4). It has a prospective direction upper surface 12A and a prospective direction lower surface 12B.
Further, the space between the left side surface 11A in the prospective direction and the lower surface 12B in the prospective direction is the arcuate left arcuate surface 13A in the front view, and the space between the right side surface 11B in the prospective direction and the lower surface 12B in the prospective direction is a circular arc shape in the front view. It is the right arc surface 13B in the prospective direction.
The sheet-like object 2 may be configured so that the convex portion E is not provided.

<Slide fastener>
As shown in FIG. 3, the slide fastener 3 includes a slider 3A and an element 3B.
The slide fastener 3 is provided on the side surface of the convex portion E of the sheet-like object 2, that is, the left side surface 11A in the prospective direction, the left arc surface 13A in the prospective direction, the lower surface 12B in the prospective direction, the right arc surface 13B in the prospective direction, and the right side surface 11B in the prospective direction. It is provided in. Therefore, the slider 3A of the slide fastener 3 moves along the front view substantially U-shaped path C of the outer peripheral portion of the sheet-like object 2.
When the sheet-like object 2 is configured so that the convex portion E is not provided, the slide fastener 3 is provided on the outer peripheral portion in the plane of the sheet-like object 2.

<Guide rails and flexible long members>
The guide rail 4 is provided in the opening frame F and has a substantially U-shaped front view, is located outside the substantially U-shaped path C in the front view of the sheet-like object 2, and is a flexible elongated member A. Guide the roller chain 5.
The roller chain 5, which is a flexible elongated member A, has an endless shape, is bridged over sprocket 7A, sprocket 7B, and 7C fixed to the output shaft of the quad motor 6, and is guided by a guide rail 4, and sprocket 7D and It is bridged to 7E.
The flexible elongated member A is not limited to the roller chain, and may be another type of conveyor chain.

<Drive of flexible long members by drive device>
By driving the geared motor 6 of the drive device M, the sprocket 7A fixed to the output shaft of the quad motor 6 rotates.
As a result, the roller chain 5, which is an endless flexible elongated member A, is driven, and the roller chain 5 moves back and forth along the guide rail 4 (arrows H1 in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B). See arrow H2).

<Connector>
As shown in the schematic front view of FIG. 2, the enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 4, and the enlarged front view of the main part of FIGS. 5A and 5B, the roller chain 5 which is a flexible long member A , And the slider 3A are connected by the connecting tool G.
The connector G is a flexible member that connects the slider connecting body 8 on the slider 3A side, the long member connecting body 9 on the flexible long member A side, and the slider connecting body 8 and the long member connecting body 9. Has B.
Here, the long member connecting body 9 may be detachably configured to be detachable from the flexible long member A, and the flexible member B may be detachably attached to the long member connecting body 9 and / or the slider connecting body 8. It may be configured.

In the present embodiment, the long member connecting body 9 is composed of a first connecting body 9A and a second connecting body 9B separated in the advancing / retreating direction thereof, and the flexible member B is a slider connecting body 8 and a first connecting body. It is composed of a first wire rope 10A which is a first flexible member B1 connecting 9A and a second wire rope 10B which is a second flexible member B1 connecting the slider connecting body 8 and the second connecting body 9B.
The first wire rope 10A and the second wire rope 10B are formed by twisting, for example, stainless steel wire.
The first flexible member B1 and the second flexible member B2 are not limited to wire ropes, and may be organic fiber ropes made of aramid fibers or the like.

<Opening and closing operation of slide fastener>
Next, the operation of the opening opening / closing device 1 that automatically opens / closes the opening provided in the building will be described.

(Operation to open the slide fastener)
The flexible long member A is driven by the driving device M from the state where the slide fastener 3 shown in the schematic front view of FIG. 2 is closed, and is flexible as shown in the enlarged front view of the main part of FIG. 5A. When the long member A is moved as shown by the arrow H1, the flexible member B is moved as shown by the arrow I1.
As a result, the slider connecting body 8 is pulled by the tension of the first flexible member B1 on the front side in the moving direction of the flexible member B, so that the slider 3A moves as shown by the arrow J1.
Therefore, since the element 3B of the slide fastener 3 is opened by the movement of the slider 3A, the slide fastener 3 can be opened automatically.

(Operation to close the slide fastener)
The flexible long member A is driven by the driving device M from the state where the slide fastener 3 shown in the schematic front view of FIG. 3 is opened, and is flexible as shown in the enlarged front view of the main part of FIG. 5 (b). When the long member A is moved as shown by the arrow H2, the flexible member B is moved as shown by the arrow I2.
As a result, the slider connecting body 8 is pulled by the tension of the second flexible member B2 on the front side in the moving direction of the flexible member B, so that the slider 3A moves as shown by the arrow J2.
Therefore, since the element 3B of the slide fastener 3 is closed by the movement of the slider 3A, the slide fastener 3 can be automatically closed.

As shown in the schematic front view of FIG. 2 and the enlarged cross-sectional plan view of the main part of FIG. 4, when the sheet-like object 2 is provided with the convex portion E, the slider 3A of the slide fastener 3 is as described above. , The side surface of the convex portion E (right side surface 11B in the prospective direction, right arc surface 13B in the prospective direction, lower surface 12B in the prospective direction, left arc surface 13A in the prospective direction, and left side surface 11A in the prospective direction) is moved.
As a result, when the slider 3A is towed by the flexible member B, as shown in FIG. 4, the slide fastener 3 mounted on the side surface of the convex portion E is substantially perpendicular to the mounting surface of the slide fastener 3. The pulling direction of the flexible member B can be set so that the flexible member B moves in the plane. Therefore, the force pulled by the flexible member B (tension of the flexible member B) acts on the slide fastener 3 in a well-balanced manner, so that the slide fastener 3 can be smoothly opened and closed.

<Operation of limit switch at the open / close end of slide fastener>
The detection of the moving end when the flexible elongated member A moves as shown by the arrow H2 and automatically closes the slide fastener 3 as shown in the enlarged front view of the main part in FIG. 5 (b). , The limit switch L1 and the dog D1 shown in the schematic front view of FIG. 2 are used.
That is, when the dog D1 contacts the lever of the limit switch L1 and operates the limit switch L1 as shown in the schematic front view of FIG. 2 and the enlarged front view of the main part of FIG. 6, the moving end is detected by the limit switch L1. .. As a result, the drive device M is stopped.

Similarly, as shown in the enlarged front view of the main part in FIG. 5A, the moving end when the flexible long member A moves as shown by the arrow H1 to automatically open the slide fastener 3. Is detected by the limit switch L2 and the dog D2 shown in the schematic front view of FIG.
That is, when the dog D2 contacts the lever of the limit switch L2 and operates the limit switch L2 as shown in the schematic front view of FIG. 3, the moving end is detected by the limit switch L2. As a result, the drive device M is stopped.

<Method of providing airtightness and / or watertightness>
When the opening opening / closing device 1 is used for applications where airtightness and / or watertightness is required when the opening provided in the building is closed, the sheet-like object 2 and the slide fastener 3 are airtight and / or watertight. It may have sex.
As a result, the opening opening / closing device 1 can be easily applied to applications where airtightness and / or watertightness is required when the opening provided in the building is closed, without adding a sealing device or the like that closes the gap. .. In addition, the opening opening / closing device 1 can be easily applied to applications that require gas resistance, heat resistance, pressure resistance, and the like.

<Effect>
According to the configuration of the opening opening / closing device 1 as described above, the front view substantially U-shaped path C of the outer peripheral portion of the sheet-like object 2 that closes the space in the opening frame F can be opened / closed by the slide fastener 3, and the opening frame can be opened / closed. The flexible long member A that moves along the guide rail 4 provided on the F and the slider 3A of the slide fastener 3 are connected by the connecting tool G. Then, the flexible long member A is driven by the driving device M, and the driving force thereof is transmitted to the slider 3A to move the slider 3A forward and backward.
As a result, the reliability of the opening / closing operation of the opening opening / closing device 1 can be improved while saving space without increasing the capacity of the driving device M.

Further, the driving force of the flexible long member A driven by the driving device M is transmitted to the slider 3A by the tension of the flexible member B, and the slider 3A is pulled.
As a result, the reliability of the opening / closing operation of the opening opening / closing device 1 that needs to drive the slider 3A so as to move the path having a long overall length including the bending path can be further improved.

Further, when the drive device M does not operate due to a power failure or failure, the flexible member B is cut by using a tool such as a wire rope cutter or nippers. Alternatively, the detachable portion of the long member connecting body 9 and / or the flexible member B that is detachably configured is removed.
As a result, the connection between the flexible elongated member A and the slider 3A is released, so that the slide fastener 3 can be quickly opened manually by holding the slider connecting body 8.

Furthermore, the flexible member B that transmits the driving force of the flexible long member A to the slider 3A is composed of a first flexible member B1 and a second flexible member B2 that are separated in the advancing / retreating direction.
As a result, one of the first flexible member B1 and the second flexible member B2 performs traction due to tension when moving the slider 3A according to the moving direction of the slider 3A, and the opening / closing direction is quickly switched. In addition, it can be performed stably and reliably.

Further, since the flexible member B is composed of the two flexible members B1 and B2, the opening can be opened and closed even when one of the two flexible members B1 and B2 is cut. Since the opening / closing operation of the device 1 can be performed, the reliability of the opening / closing operation of the opening opening / closing device 1 that is automatically performed can be further improved due to such redundancy.

All the descriptions of the above embodiments are examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 Opening / closing device 2 Sheet-like object 2A Tongue piece 3 Slide fastener 3A Slider 3B Element 4 Guide rail 4A Opening 5 Roller chain 6 Geared motor 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E Sprocket 8 Slider connector 9 Long member connector 9A 1st connector 9B 2nd connector 10A 1st wire rope 10B 2nd wire rope 11A Expected direction left side surface 11B Expected direction right side surface 12A Expected direction upper surface 12B Expected direction lower surface 13A Expected direction left arc surface 13B Expected direction right arc surface A Flexible long member B Flexible member B1 First flexible member B2 Second flexible member C Front view substantially U-shaped path D1, D2 Dog E Convex part F Opening frame FW Front G Connecting tool H1, H2 Moving direction of flexible long member I1, I2 Moving direction of flexible member J1, J2 Moving direction of slider L1, L2 Limit switch M Drive device

Claims (4)

A switchgear that automatically opens and closes openings in buildings.
With the opening frame
A sheet-like object that closes the space inside the opening frame,
A slide fastener in which the slider moves along a substantially U-shaped path in front view of the outer peripheral portion of the sheet-like object, and
On the outside of the substantially U-shaped path, a guide rail provided in the opening frame and
A flexible long member that moves along the guide rail,
A drive device that moves the long member forward and backward along the guide rail, and
A connecting tool that connects the slider and the long member,
To prepare
Opening and closing device. The connector is
With the slider connector on the slider side,
With the long member connecting body on the long member side,
A flexible member that connects the slider connecting body and the long member connecting body,
Have,
The opening opening / closing device according to claim 1. The long member connecting body
It consists of a first connecting body and a second connecting body separated in the advancing and retreating directions.
The flexible member
It is composed of a first flexible member that connects the slider connecting body and the first connecting body, and a second flexible member that connects the slider connecting body and the second connecting body.
The opening opening / closing device according to claim 2. The sheet-like material and the slide fastener
Has airtightness and / or watertightness,
The opening opening / closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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