JP2021001549A - 複合材翼及び複合材翼の成形方法 - Google Patents
複合材翼及び複合材翼の成形方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
- B29C70/222—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure the structure being shaped to form a three dimensional configuration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
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- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F05D2300/50211—Expansivity similar
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
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- F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施形態1に係る複合材翼の外観を示す斜視図である。実施形態1に係る複合材翼10は、強化繊維及び樹脂からなる複合材を用いて成形された翼である。複合材翼10としては、例えば、ガスタービンまたはガスタービンエンジン等に用いられる動翼が適用可能である。
図1に示すように、複合材翼10は、固定端となる翼根側から自由端となる翼頂側に向かって延在している。ここで、翼根側と翼頂側とを結ぶ方向が、翼長方向となっており、図1に示すL方向となっている。また、複合材翼10は、図1の翼長方向に直交する方向の一方側が前縁側となっており、他方側が後縁側となっている。そして、前縁側と後縁側とを結ぶ方向が、翼幅方向となっており、図1に示すW方向となっている。
翼根部21は、軸中心に回転するローターの外周に形成される翼溝に装着される。図2は、実施形態1に係る複合材翼の翼根部を模式的に示す断面図である。具体的に、図2は、翼幅方向に直交する面で切った翼根部21の断面である。この断面において、翼長方向に直交する方向が翼厚方向となっており、翼厚方向の一方側が背側となっており、翼厚方向の他方側が腹側となっている。図2の断面において、翼根部21は、翼頂側へ向かって先細りとなるテーパ形状となっており、翼厚方向の背側の面と翼厚方向の腹側の面とが、翼溝に当接する当接面(ダブテール面ともいう)31a,31bとなっている。つまり、背側の当接面31aと腹側の当接面31bとは、翼頂側へ向かって先細りとなるテーパ面となっている。
翼形部22は、翼厚方向における厚さが、翼根側において厚肉となっており、翼頂側に向かうにつれて薄肉に形成されている。また、翼形部22は、翼幅方向における厚さが、中央部において厚肉となっており、前縁側及び後縁側に向かうにつれて薄肉に形成されている。なお、翼根部21と翼形部22との間は、湾曲する湾曲部となっている。
金属パッチ23は、翼根部21の当接面31a,31bのみに設けられ、翼根部21と翼形部22との間の湾曲部には設けられていない。つまり、金属パッチ23は、ローターの翼溝と、翼溝に装着される翼根部21との間に設けられる。金属パッチ23は、翼根部21の当接面31a,31bに、接着剤を用いて一体に接合されている。また、腹側の当接面31bが、湾曲する内側の面となっており、背側の当接面31aが、湾曲する外側の面となっている。このため、翼根部21の背側の当接面31aに設けられる金属パッチ23aは、翼根部21の腹側の当接面31bに設けられる金属パッチ23bに比して、翼幅方向における長さが長いものとなっている。
ここで、図7を参照して、翼根部21における強化繊維の配向割合と、金属パッチ23の線膨張係数とについて説明する。図7は、複合材翼の翼根部における強化繊維の配向割合と線膨張係数との関係を示すグラフである。金属パッチ23は、金属材料を用いて構成されていることから、所定の線膨張係数となっている。一方で、翼根部21は、積層体となっていることから、強化繊維の繊維方向に依存する線膨張係数となっている。すなわち、翼根部21の線膨張係数は、積層体を構成する複合材層に含まれる強化繊維の繊維方向によって変化するものとなっている。
次に、図9及び図10を参照して、実施形態2に係る複合材翼10について説明する。なお、実施形態2では、重複した記載を避けるべく、実施形態1と異なる部分について説明し、実施形態1と同様の構成である部分については、同じ符号を付して説明する。図9は、実施形態2に係る複合材翼の金属パッチを示す模式図である。図10は、実施形態2に係る複合材翼の他の一例の金属パッチを示す模式図である。
12 背側翼部材
14 腹側翼部材
21 翼根部
22 翼形部
23 金属パッチ
25 窪み
31a、31b 当接面
35 翼形積層体
36 翼根内側積層体
37 翼根外側積層体
41 背側成形型
42 腹側成形型
61 切れ目
I 中心面
Claims (9)
- 強化繊維と樹脂とを含む複合材層を積層して形成される複合材翼において、
翼溝に装着される翼根部と、
前記翼根部から先端側に延在して設けられる翼形部と、
前記翼溝と前記翼根部との間に設けられ、前記翼根部に接合される金属パッチと、を備え、
前記翼根部は、前記複合材層が積層された積層体となっており、
前記翼形部から連続して設けられる翼形積層体と、
前記翼形積層体の内側に設けられる翼根内側積層体と、
前記翼形積層体の外側に設けられる翼根外側積層体と、を含み、
前記翼根内側積層体及び前記翼根外側積層体は、前記金属パッチの線膨張係数となるように、前記強化繊維が配向されている複合材翼。 - 前記翼形部が延在する方向を0°方向とすると、
前記翼根内側積層体及び前記翼根外側積層体は、前記強化繊維の繊維方向が±45°方向となる配向割合が、30%よりも大きく60%よりも小さい請求項1に記載の複合材翼。 - 前記翼根内側積層体及び前記翼根外側積層体は、前記強化繊維の繊維方向が±45°方向となる配向割合が、35%以上55%以下となっている請求項2に記載の複合材翼。
- 前記翼根内側積層体及び前記翼根外側積層体は、前記強化繊維の繊維方向が0°方向となる配向割合が、±45°方向となる配向割合の残りとなる、45%以上65%以下となっている請求項3に記載の複合材翼。
- 前記翼根内側積層体及び前記翼根外側積層体は、前記強化繊維の繊維方向が±45°方向となる配向割合が、44%以上55%以下となっている請求項3に記載の複合材翼。
- 前記翼根部と前記翼形部との間は、湾曲する湾曲部となっており、
前記金属パッチは、前記翼根部にのみ設ける請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の複合材翼。 - 前記翼根部は、前記金属パッチを配置するために形成される窪みを有する請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の複合材翼。
- 前記金属パッチが配置される前記翼根部の設置面内において、前記翼根部側から先端側に向かう方向を長さ方向とし、前記長さ方向に直交する方向を幅方向とすると、
前記金属パッチは、前記幅方向において所定の間隔ごとに形成される切込みを有する請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の複合材翼。 - 強化繊維と樹脂とを含む複合材層を積層して形成される複合材翼の成形方法において、
前記複合材翼は、
翼溝に装着される翼根部と、
前記翼根部から先端側に延在して設けられる翼形部と、
前記翼溝と前記翼根部との間に設けられ、前記翼根部に接合される金属パッチと、を備え、
前記翼根部は、前記複合材層が積層された積層体となっており、
前記翼形部から連続して設けられる翼形積層体と、
前記翼形積層体の内側に設けられる翼根内側積層体と、
前記翼形積層体の外側に設けられる翼根外側積層体と、を含み、
前記翼根部を成形するための成形型に前記金属パッチを配置する配置工程と、
前記金属パッチ上に、前記複合材層を積層して、前記翼形積層体、前記翼根内側積層体及び前記翼根外側積層体を形成する積層工程と、
前記翼形積層体、前記翼根内側積層体及び前記翼根外側積層体を加熱して硬化させる硬化工程と、を備え、
前記積層工程では、前記翼根内側積層体及び前記翼根外側積層体が、前記金属パッチの線膨張係数となるように、前記強化繊維を配向する複合材翼の成形方法。
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