JP2021001471A - Adhesion method of tiles - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a tile adhesion method which can improve construction quality by improving a bonding rate.SOLUTION: Tiles are bonded using a vibrating tool which presses a tile 7 against an adhesive 5 while vibrating it. At this time, a plurality of rows of adhesives 5 extending in the horizontal direction using a comb iron are provided in parallel on an adhesion surface of the tile 7. After that, a work of moving the vibrating tool while pressing the tile 7 against the adhesives 5 with the vibrating tool is repeated in order from the bottom to the top. At least at an end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction, the vibrating tool is moved diagonally downward and outward of the tile 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a method of bonding tiles.

As a method of adhering tiles using an elastic adhesive, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), after applying the adhesive 50 to the adherend surface 30 such as a wall surface, a comb is used as shown in FIG. 6 (b). 100 is used to comb the adhesive 50, the tile 70 is placed on the comb-shaped adhesive 50 as shown in FIG. 6 (c), and the tile 70 is placed on the comb-shaped adhesive 50 as shown in FIG. 6 (d). A method of pressing and adhering to the adhesive 50 is known.

The reason why the adhesive 50 is combed is that the adhesive 50 is evenly and evenly adhered to the entire surface of the tile 70 to prevent the tile 70 from being poorly adhered. That is, when the tile 70 is uniformly attached to the flat surface of the adhesive 50 as shown in FIG. 6A, air does not escape from the back side of the tile 70 and large bubbles remain, causing poor adhesion. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, by combing the surface of the adhesive 50 with the combing iron 100, a plurality of rows of the adhesive 50 are formed so as to be stretched in parallel. The valley between the adhesives 50 in the row serves as an air vent path, and it is possible to prevent poor adhesion due to large bubbles.

In this way, it is important that the adhesive 50 adheres evenly and evenly to the entire surface of the tile 70. Therefore, the tile 70 is pressed against the adhesive 50 while being vibrated by a vibrating tool such as a vibrato vibrator. Things are also done. Patent Document 1 describes an example of such a vibrating tool.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-029666

In recent years, large-sized tiles 70 having a size of 60 cm or more on each side have also come to be often used for construction work. In the large-sized tile 70, after arranging the tile 70 as shown in FIG. 6C, the vibrating tool is moved while pressing the tile 70 against the adhesive 50 by the vibrating tool, and the tile 70 is evenly adhered. It is important to adhere to 50 to secure the adhesion ratio. The adhesive ratio referred to here refers to the ratio of the adhesive area of the adhesive 50 to the area of the back surface of the tile. The back surface of the tile is the surface of the tile 70 on the side of the adherend surface 30.

In order to secure a higher adhesive ratio, it is necessary to let the air between the adhesives 50 in each row shown in FIG. 6B escape to the outside when the vibrating tool is moved, and the adhesion of such tiles 70 is required. There has been no concretely established method in the past. If the air between the adhesives 50 does not escape to the outside and stays between each row of the adhesives 50 on the back surface of the tile, the adhesive ratio of the tiles 70 becomes low, which causes poor construction.

Especially in the case of large-sized tile 70, it is functionally and design-wise to peel off the tile 70 once adhered at the construction site to check the adhesion status, or to cut out a part of the adhered tile 70 and carry out a tensile strength test. Since both of them cause problems and are not realistic, it is desired to establish a highly reliable and concrete bonding method capable of predicting a sufficient adhesion rate.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tile bonding method capable of improving construction quality by improving the bonding rate.

The present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is a method of adhering a tile using a vibrating tool that presses the adhesive against an adhesive while vibrating the tile, in which a plurality of rows of adhesives are applied in parallel to the adherend surface of the tile. The step (a) of providing and the step (b) of moving the vibrating tool while pressing the tile against the adhesive with the vibrating tool are repeated in a predetermined repeating direction. In the step (b), at least Adhesion of a tile, characterized in that, at the end of the adhesive in the stretching direction, the vibrating tool is moved toward the outside of the tile in a direction inclined rearward in the repeating direction with respect to the stretching direction of the adhesive. The method.

In the present invention, by pressing the tiles while moving the vibrating tool as described above, the air between the adhesives in each row can be successfully released to the outside. That is, as a result of conducting an experiment in which the vibrating tool is moved while pressing the full-scale transparent acrylic plate imitating a tile against the adhesive by the vibrating tool, the present inventor has removed the air between the adhesives in each row. Simply moving the vibrating tool along the stretching direction of the adhesive to allow it to escape causes crushing of the adhesive over a wide range at the ends of the stretching direction of the adhesive, which will occur when the movement is repeated. It has been found that there is a problem that it hinders the air between the rows of adhesives from escaping to the outside and increases the amount of air that stays between each row of adhesives on the back of the tile. Therefore, as a result of studying an adhesive method that can avoid such a problem by using the above acrylic plate, the present inventor tilts the vibrating tool with respect to the adhesive drawing direction at least at the end of the adhesive in the extending direction. It was found that it is effective to move it in the desired direction and retract it backward in the repeating direction. As a result, the amount of air remaining between each row of the adhesive on the back surface of the tile can be reduced, and the adhesion rate can be improved to improve the construction quality.

In the step (b), the vibrating tool is moved in the stretching direction of the adhesive at the portion inside the end in the stretching direction of the adhesive, and then the vibrating tool is bonded at the end in the stretching direction of the adhesive. It is desirable to move the agent toward the outside of the tile in a direction inclined rearward in the repeating direction with respect to the stretching direction of the agent.
Since the crushing of the adhesive in a wide range as described above occurs mainly at the end in the stretching direction of the adhesive, moving the vibrating tool along the stretching direction of the adhesive in the inner part thereof , It is possible to push the air between the glue in each row out of the tile.

It is also desirable to form markings at the boundary between the end in the stretching direction of the adhesive and the inner portion thereof before the step (b).
As a result, the marking can be used as a guide for the movement start position and movement end position of the vibrating tool, which contributes to the improvement of workability.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a tile bonding method capable of improving the construction quality by improving the bonding rate.

The figure which shows the bonding method of a tile 7. The figure which shows the situation caused by the vibrating tool 9 and its movement. The figure which shows the range of the adhesive 5 which resists a pressing force of a tile 7. The figure which shows the movement of the vibrating tool 9 in the method of adhering tile 7 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the specific example of the moving procedure of a vibrating tool 9. The figure which shows the outline of the bonding method of the tile 70.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In the tile bonding method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive 5 is first applied to the adherend surface 3 of the tile as shown in FIG. 1 (a). The left view of FIG. 1A is a view of the front surface of the adherend surface 3, and the right view is a cross section of the adherend surface 3 along the line AA of the left figure.

The adherend surface 3 is, for example, a wall surface of a building or the like, and is formed of concrete, mortar, various boards, or the like, but is not particularly limited. When the adherend surface 3 is a wall surface, it is particularly important to secure the adhesive ratio in that the risk of tile peeling should be eliminated in the tile construction.

The adhesive 5 is applied to the adherend surface 3 in a comb shape using a comb iron, whereby a plurality of rows of adhesives 5 are provided in parallel. The adhesive 5 in each row is stretched in the horizontal direction, and a valley portion 6 is formed between the adhesive 5 in each row. If the coating thickness of the adhesive 5 varies, the adhesive 5 will not come into uniform contact with the back surface of the tile, so it is necessary to make the coating thickness uniform. For that purpose, it is necessary to apply the comb iron while maintaining a constant angle (for example, 45 °) with respect to the adherend surface 3, and the comb iron with a right-angled isosceles triangle ruler (not shown). ) Is used to facilitate visual control during painting. Further, the coating direction by the comb iron, that is, the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 in each row is not limited to horizontal, and can be arbitrarily set according to the size and shape of the tile. The adhesive 5 is an elastic adhesive made of a resin such as a modified silicone resin, but the adhesive 5 is not limited thereto.

After that, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the tile 7 is placed on the adhesive 5, the tile 7 is pressed by hand and lightly adhered to the adhesive 5 for positioning, and then vibrating is applied. The tile 7 is pressed against the adhesive 5 while being vibrated by a vibrating tool such as a shaker. FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state in which the tile 7 is arranged on the adhesive 5 in the same manner as in FIG. 1A, and in the left figure, the outer edge of the adhesive 5 on the back surface of the tile is also shown by a dotted line for explanation. Shown.

The tile 7 is a large square tile with four corner angles of 90 °. The length of each side of the tile 7 is, for example, 60 cm or more, but the shape and size of the tile 7 are not limited to this.

FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a vibrating tool 9 used for adhering tiles 7. The vibrating tool 9 vibrates the tile 7 and presses it against the adhesive 5 as the vibrating portion 91 at the tip moves back and forth finely with a constant stroke in the front-rear direction.

For example, when the exciting portion 91 is applied to the position a in FIG. 2B and the tile 7 is pressed against the adhesive 5, the adhesive 5 in the vicinity of the position a is crushed as shown in the figure and adheres to the back surface of the tile 7. To do.

At this time, the adhesive 5 is crushed in the direction in which the valley 6 between the adhesives 5 is filled. Therefore, in order to let the air in the valley 6 escape to the outside of the tile 7, the vibrating portion 91 attaches the tile 7 to the adhesive 5. As shown in A1 in the drawing, the vibrating tool 9 is moved along the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 to the end in the stretching direction to push the air in the valley portion 6 to the outside of the tile 7. become. Since the tiles 7 are generally adhered in order from bottom to top, the movement of the vibration tool 9 as in A1 is repeated in order from bottom to top, A2, A3, ....

The direction in which the movement of the vibrating tool 9 is repeated is sometimes referred to as a "repeating direction", and is a direction from the bottom to the top in the present embodiment. Further, when the movement of the vibration tool 9 is repeated, the person who moves the vibration tool 9 first may be referred to as "rearward in the repeating direction", which is downward in the present embodiment. It should be noted that the tiles 7 are adhered in order from the bottom to the top by temporarily applying the load of the tile 7 and a spacer for securing the joint width for a short period until the adhesive 5 is cured. This is because the tiles are deposited in the lower tiles (not shown) through the tiles, so that the tiles 7 are adhered from the bottom to the top in accordance with the comings and goings of the finished surface of the lower tiles so as not to make a step. I will go. However, it is naturally possible that the bonding method is different from such a procedure.

By the way, the present inventor has been diligently studying a method for adhering a large-sized tile, and as a result of conducting an experiment of adhering a full-scale transparent acrylic plate imitating a tile 7 to an adhesive 5 using a vibrating tool 9, A1 When the vibrating tool 9 is moved in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 as in the above, as shown in FIG. 2C, when the vibrating tool 9 is at the position a of the end portion of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction, it is wide in the vertical direction. The adhesive 5 in the range is crushed, then the adhesive 5 to be crushed when the vibrating tool 9 is moved like A2 is crushed first at the end in the stretching direction, and the valley 6 to be filled during the movement is crushed first. It was found that it was buried (see b in the figure).

As a result, when the vibrating tool 9 was moved as shown in A2 of FIG. 2D, the air in the valley portion 6 between the adhesives 5 did not escape to the outside well, and the adhesive 5 on the back surface of the tile 7 did not escape well. There is a problem that the tile 7 stays between the rows and the adhesive ratio of the tile 7 is lowered.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2C, the adhesive 5 in a wide range is crushed vertically at the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction because the pressing force of the tile 7 by the vibrating tool 9 causes the adhesive 5 to collapse in the vicinity of the vibrating tool 9. This is because the adhesive 5 having a certain area resists.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the position a of the vibrating tool 9 is inside the end portion of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction, the adhesive exists in the circular range c centered on the position a. The agent 5 resists the pressing force and collapses, but when the position a of the vibrating tool 9 is at the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction as shown in FIG. 3B, a circular shape centered on the position a A part of the range c is a region outside the end portion of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction in which the adhesive 5 does not exist.

The area of the adhesive 5 in the range c of FIG. 3 (b) is the area of the adhesive 5 in the range c of FIG. 3 (a) by the area of the virtual adhesive d stretched in the region. Less than. Therefore, the pressing force per unit area acting on the adhesive 5 in the range c of FIG. 3B increases, and the adhesive 5 is crushed more. As a result, the pressing force acts on the adhesive 5 located above and below the range c of FIG. 3 (b), so that the range of the adhesive 5 that resists the pressing force is the range of FIG. 3 (b). ) Spreads up and down as shown in c', and the area of the adhesive 5 that resists the pressing force increases as shown in d'in FIG. 3 (b). This increase in area roughly corresponds to the area of the virtual adhesive d.

For this reason, simply moving the vibrating tool 9 along the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 as shown in A1 of FIG. 2B causes the adhesive 5 to move at the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction. Crushing occurs in a wide range up and down, which hinders the air in the valley 6 from escaping when the vibrating tool 9 is repeatedly moved upward as shown in A2 of FIG. 2C, and the adhesion ratio of the tile 7. Decreases.

Therefore, the present inventor has studied an adhesive method that can avoid the problem of a decrease in the adhesive ratio of the tile 7 using the acrylic plate described above, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 4A, at least the adhesive 5 At the end of the drawing direction, the vibrating tool 9 moves diagonally downward (that is, in a direction inclined backward in the repeating direction with respect to the stretching direction of the adhesive 5) toward the outside of the tile 7 as shown in C1. It was found that it is effective to retract the vibrating tool 9 downward (rearward in the repeating direction).

As a result, even if the adhesive 5 having a wide range c'up and down is crushed at the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction, when the moving of the vibrating tool 9 is repeated upward like C2, the space between the adhesives 5 is reached. It does not prevent the air in the valley portion 6 from escaping to the outside, and it is possible to secure a high adhesive ratio. The end portion of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction is, for example, in the case of a tile 7 having a width of 1.0 m and a height of 3.0 m, the range from the side side of the tile 7 to the inside by about 20 cm, but is not particularly limited.

On the other hand, in the portion inside the end portion in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5, the vibrating tool 9 can be moved in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 to push the air in the valley portion 6 outward. In the example of FIG. 4A, the work of moving the vibrating tool 9 in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 as shown in B1, B2, B3, ... At the portion inside the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction is performed. After that, at the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction, the work of moving the vibrating tool 9 diagonally downward toward the outside of the tile 7 as in C1, C2, C3 ... Is repeated.

However, as shown in FIG. 4B, after moving the vibrating tool 9 in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 as shown in B1, the vibrating tool 9 is subsequently moved diagonally downward as shown in C1. May be good. In this case as well, by moving the vibrating tool 9 diagonally downward at the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction, even if the adhesive 5 in a wide range c'up and down is crushed at the end, this is B2 and C2. When the movement of the vibrating tool 9 is repeated upward, the air in the valley portion 6 between the adhesives 5 is not prevented from escaping to the outside, and a high adhesive ratio can be ensured.

FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a specific example of the moving procedure of the vibrating tool 9 based on the above description. In this example, after the tile 7 is placed on the adhesive 5, the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 The marking 11 is formed on the tile 7 at the center (corresponding to the left-right direction in the figure) by the method described later, and on the tile 7 at the boundary between the end portion of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction and the inner portion thereof. A marking 13 is formed on the tile, and this is used as a guide for the movement start position and the movement end position of the vibration tool 9.

The timing of forming the markings 11 and 13 is not limited to this, and may be any time before the moving work of the vibrating tool 9. Further, although masking tape or the like can be used for forming the markings 11 and 13, the forming method is not particularly limited as long as the center of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction and the position of the boundary portion can be recognized. Further, markings 11 and 13 can be omitted.

After forming the markings 11 and 13 as described above, as shown in B1, B2, B3, ..., The vibrating tool is located between the markings 11 and 13 (the portion inside the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction). The work of moving the vibrating tool 9 in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 while pressing the tile 7 against the adhesive 5 by 9 is repeated in order from bottom to top.

After that, as shown in C1, C2, C3, ..., On the outside of the marking 13 (the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction), the vibrating tool 9 is obliquely pressed while the tile 7 is pressed against the adhesive 5 by the vibrating tool 9. The work of moving the adhesive 5 toward the outside of the tile 7 in the downward direction (the direction inclined backward in the repeating direction with respect to the stretching direction of the adhesive 5) is repeated in order from bottom to top. The inclination angles of the moving directions C1, C2, and C3 of the vibrating tool 9 are, for example, 45 °, but are not particularly limited.

In this embodiment, two workers share the work on the left half and the right half of the tile 7, and the above steps are carried out in each area. This is the open time of the adhesive 5. This is a consideration, and in some cases, the above process may be carried out by one worker. The open time is the period from the application of the adhesive 5 to the adherend surface 3 to the completion of tiling. The spacing between B1, B2, B3, ... And the spacing between C1, C2, C3, ... Are also determined in consideration of the open time and workability of the adhesive 5, for example, a tile 7 having a width of 1.0 m and a height of 3.0 m. In the case of, it is set to about 5 cm to 10 cm, but it is not limited to this.

It is also possible to move the vibrating tool 9 as shown in B1 and then move the vibrating tool 9 diagonally downward as shown in C1 to repeat this series of operations in order from bottom to top. .. However, in this case, it is necessary to change the moving direction of the vibrating tool 9 during the movement. On the other hand, in the above example, it is not necessary to change the moving direction of the vibrating tool 9 during the movement, which is advantageous in terms of work accuracy and ease of work instruction.

The specific moving procedure of the vibrating tool 9 is not limited to the example of FIG. 5A, and as shown in FIG. 5B, for example, the marking 11 is formed on the tile 7 at the center of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction. After that, as shown in C1, C2, C3, ..., The work of moving the vibrating tool 9 diagonally downward from the center of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction may be repeated in order from bottom to top.

Further, depending on the size and shape of the tile 7, as shown in FIG. 5C, the marking 13 is placed on the tile 7 at the boundary between one end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction and the inner portion thereof. After forming, as shown in B1, B2, B3, ..., The work of moving the vibrating tool 9 in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 between the other end in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 and the marking 13 is performed from below. It may be repeated in order from bottom to top, and then, as shown in C1, C2, C3, ..., The work of moving the vibrating tool 9 diagonally downward may be repeated in order from bottom to top on the outside of the marking 13. Similar to the example of FIG. 5A, a series of operations of moving the vibrating tool 9 as shown in B1 and then moving the vibrating tool 9 diagonally downward as shown in C1 are performed in order from bottom to top. It can be repeated.

In some cases, the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 and the moving directions B and C of the vibrating tool 9 can be rotated by 90 ° in the vertical plane to perform the same operation.

For example, FIG. 5D shows an example in which the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 and the moving directions B and C of the vibrating tool 9 in the case of FIG. 5A are rotated by 90 ° in a vertical plane, and the adhesive 5 is stretched. A marking 11'is formed on the tile 7 at the center of the direction (corresponding to the vertical direction in the figure), and a marking 13'is formed at the boundary between the end portion of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction and the inner portion thereof. It is formed.

Then, as shown in B1', B2', B3', ..., The tile 7 is adhered by the vibrating tool 9 between the markings 11'and 13'(the portion inside the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction). The operation of moving the vibrating tool 9 in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 while pressing against the agent 5 is repeated in order from left to right (repeating direction).

After that, as shown in C1', C2', C3', ..., On the outside of the marking 13'(the end in the stretching direction of the adhesive 5), the tile 7 is pressed against the adhesive 5 by the vibrating tool 9 and vibrated. The operation of moving the tool 9 diagonally to the left (the direction in which the adhesive 5 is inclined backward in the repeating direction with respect to the stretching direction) toward the outside of the tile 7 is repeated in order from left to right.

In the example of FIG. 5D, the movement of the vibrating tool 9 is repeated from left to right, but of course, it may be repeated from right to left. In this case, on the outside of the marking 13', the vibrating tool 9 is moved obliquely to the right (the direction inclined backward in the repeating direction with respect to the stretching direction of the adhesive 5) toward the outside of the tile 7.

Before performing the work with the vibrating tool 9, positioning is performed by pressing the tile 7 by hand and lightly adhering it to the adhesive 5 as described above. From the results of the experiment using the acrylic plate described above, When the four corners of the tile 7 are first pressed for positioning in consideration of the face-to-face contact with the adjacent tile as in the conventional case, the adhesive 5 around the four corners to which the force is applied is crushed and the valley 6 is filled in the same manner as described above. It was also found that this hindered the air from escaping to the outside as in the example of FIG. 2D, and the adhesive ratio of the tile 7 decreased. Therefore, when positioning the tile 7, it is desirable to first press the four corners of the tile 7 for positioning instead of first pressing the four corners of the tile 7 for positioning, which reduces the adhesion rate of the tile 7. Can be prevented.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, as described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5 and the like, at least at the end of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction, the vibrating tool 9 is used with respect to the stretching direction of the adhesive 5. By pressing the tile 7 while moving it toward the outside of the tile 7 in a direction inclined backward in the repeating direction, the air in the valley portion 6 between the adhesives 5 in each row is successfully removed to the outside. It is possible to improve the construction quality by reducing the amount of air that escapes and stays between each row of the adhesive 5 on the back surface of the tile.

Further, in the portion inside the end portion of the adhesive 5 in the stretching direction, the vibrating tool 9 is applied along the stretching direction of the adhesive 5 as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 (a), 5 (c), (d) and the like. By moving it, it is possible to push the air in the valley 6 to the outside of the tile 7.

Further, by providing the above-mentioned markings 11, 11', 13, 13'before performing the work with the vibrating tool 9, it can be used as a guide for the movement start position and the movement end position of the vibrating tool 9, and the workability is improved. Contribute to.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modified examples or modified examples within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and these also naturally belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

3: Adhesive surface 5: Adhesive 6: Valley 7: Tile 9: Vibration tool

Claims (3)

It is a method of bonding tiles using a vibrating tool that presses the tiles against the adhesive while vibrating them.
The step (a) of providing a plurality of rows of adhesives in parallel on the adherend surface of the tile, and
The step (b) of repeating the work of moving the vibrating tool while pressing the tile against the adhesive with the vibrating tool in a predetermined repeating direction, and
Have,
In the step (b), at least at the end of the adhesive in the stretching direction, the vibrating tool is moved toward the outside of the tile in a direction inclined backward in the repeating direction with respect to the stretching direction of the adhesive. A method of bonding tiles, which is characterized by that. In the step (b),
After moving the vibrating tool in the stretching direction of the adhesive in the portion inside the end in the stretching direction of the adhesive,
Claim 1 characterized in that, at the end of the adhesive in the stretching direction, the vibrating tool is moved toward the outside of the tile in a direction inclined rearward in the repeating direction with respect to the stretching direction of the adhesive. The described tile bonding method. The method for adhering tiles according to claim 2, wherein a marking is formed at a boundary portion between an end portion in the stretching direction of the adhesive and a portion inside the adhesive before the step (b).

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