JP7079646B2 - Construction method of finishing material - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a finishing material such as a large floor tile and a formwork.

Conventionally, the present inventors have been working on the development of an organic-inorganic hybrid bonding method for large floor tiles (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this construction method, an organic adhesive is thinly applied to a concrete base, and then a thick mortar is applied and tiled in a short time. In recent years, this method has been applied to floor tiles (600 mm x 150 mm, 600 mm square) in cold regions, and up to 600 mm square size, mortar is applied to both the base surface and the tile surface to attach the tile. It has been confirmed that the method (improved crimping) can be used efficiently while ensuring sufficient filling properties.

By the way, recently, tiles with a long side of more than 600 mm are on the market. Large floor tiles with sides of 900 mm and 1200 mm have also come to be seen. Through the experience of construction experiments and implementation work so far, the technical problems of large floor tiles with a size exceeding 600 mm have been clarified, and these are summarized as follows.

1) Poor filling due to tile surface constraint The larger the tile area, the greater the tile surface constraint at the center of the back surface of the tile, and the more difficult it is for the pasted mortar to spread laterally. Even if an attempt is made to improve the filling property of the mortar while removing air by putting a comb on the surface of the pasted mortar, as shown in FIG. 7 (1), the trace of the comb tends to remain.

2) Separation of polymer by hitting too much The larger the area of the tile, the more difficult it is for the air once entered on the back side of the tile to escape. In the case of a polymer cement-based mortar (see, for example, Patent Document 2), if the tile is hit too much or the tile is vibrated too much, the polymer separates from the cement mortar as shown in FIG. 7 (2). Polymer separation can lead to poor adhesive quality.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-169568 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-310418 JP-A-2017-109461

As mentioned above, large floor tiles with a size larger than 600 mm have an increased risk of creating air pools with the conventional improved crimping upholstery described above. When the tile surface and the base surface are bonded together, it is necessary to take measures to prevent air from being caught in between and to allow the entrained air to escape smoothly.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a finishing material and a formwork in which air is less likely to be entrained between the base material and air can easily escape from the base material. And.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the method of applying the finishing material according to the present invention is a method of attaching the finishing material to the surface of the base material via the attaching material, and is a method of attaching the finishing material to the surface of the base material. A step of thinly applying the adhesive material to the surface of the finishing material, a step of applying a thick adhesive material to the back surface of the finishing material, and a step of forming a groove for allowing air to escape on the surface of at least one of the adhesive materials, and a groove was formed. After that, it is characterized by including a step of bonding the surface of the sticking material applied to the base material and the surface of the sticking material applied to the finishing material.

Further, as for the method of constructing the other finishing material according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned invention, the sticking material is applied thinner on the end side of the back surface of the finishing material than on the center side, or the sticking material is applied. It is characterized by not being attached.

Further, in the above-described invention, another method for constructing the finishing material according to the present invention is to attach the formwork to the end of the finishing material or the end side of the back surface of the finishing material, and then to use the finishing material inside the formwork. It is characterized by further including a step of providing a sticking material on the back surface and a step of smoothing the surface of the sticking material by sliding a ruler along the formwork.

Further, another method for constructing a finishing material according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, the finishing material is a rectangular tile having a side of 600 mm or more.

Further, the formwork according to the present invention is a formwork used in the above-mentioned method for constructing a finishing material, is provided on the end side of the finishing material before being bonded to the base material, and is applied to the back surface of the finishing material. It is characterized by providing a guide for finishing the surface of the sticking material to be smooth.

Further, another mold according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, the mold surface on the side to which the sticking material is applied is subjected to a water repellent treatment to prevent the sticking material from adhering. do.

According to the method of applying the finishing material according to the present invention, the finishing material is attached to the surface of the base material via the attaching material, and the attaching material is thinly applied to the surface of the base material while the finishing material is applied. A step of thickly applying the adhesive material to the back surface of the above, a step of forming a groove for allowing air to escape on the surface of at least one of the adhesive materials, and a step of forming a groove and then applying the adhesive material to the base material. And, since it is provided with a step of bonding the surface of the pasting material applied to the finishing material, when the finishing material and the base material are bonded, it is difficult for air to be caught between the finishing material and the base material, and if air is caught. However, it has the effect of making it easier for air to escape from between the base material and the groove.

Further, according to the construction method of another finishing material according to the present invention, the sticking material is applied thinner than the central portion side on the end side of the back surface of the finishing material, or the sticking material is not applied. The effect is that it is possible to secure an escape route for the pasting material when the finishing material is pushed into the base material.

Further, according to another method for constructing a finishing material according to the present invention, after attaching the formwork to the end of the finishing material or the end side of the back surface of the finishing material, the formwork is attached to the back surface of the finishing material inside the formwork. Since the step of providing the material and the step of smoothing the surface of the material to be attached by sliding the ruler along the formwork are further provided, the surface of the material to be attached can be finished smoothly with high accuracy.

Further, according to the construction method of another finishing material according to the present invention, since the finishing material is a rectangular tile having a side of 600 mm or more, it is difficult to entrain air when attaching a large floor tile or the like to the base material. , It has the effect of making it easier for air to escape.

Further, according to the formwork according to the present invention, the formwork used in the above-mentioned method of constructing the finishing material is provided on the end side of the finishing material before being bonded to the base material, and is provided on the back surface of the finishing material. Since a guide for finishing the surface of the pasting material to be applied is provided, the effect is that the surface of the sticking material can be finished smoothly with high accuracy by sliding the ruler along the guide.

Further, according to another mold according to the present invention, the mold surface on the side to which the sticking material is applied is subjected to a water-repellent treatment to prevent the sticking material from adhering, so that the mold after demolding is applied. This has the effect of reducing the time and effort required for cleaning the frame and improving work efficiency when a plurality of finishing materials are continuously bonded to the base material.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an air entrainment principle at the time of laminating, (1) is a laminating method in which air is easily entrained, and (2) is a laminating method in which air is difficult to be entrained. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a bonding method in which air is easily released when the tile is pushed in. FIG. 3 is a photograph of the construction situation, (1) is a situation of ruler printing with a rubber frame, and (2) is a situation of combing the pasted mortar. FIG. 4 is a photographic view rubbed in a direction orthogonal to the comb. FIG. 5 is a photographic view rubbed in a direction parallel to the combs. 6A and 6B are photographs of the situation of the rubber frame, where (1) is an overall photograph of the rubber frame, (2) is a photograph of a water-repellent untreated portion, and (3) a photograph of a water-repellent treated portion. FIG. 7 is a photographic diagram illustrating a conventional construction defect, in which (1) is a filling defect due to insufficient tapping, and (2) is a polymer separation due to excessive tapping.

The present invention is a bonding method that makes it difficult for air to be entrained when bonding a finishing material such as a large floor tile having a side of more than 600 mm to the base material, and makes it easy for air to escape when the tile is pushed in. Is.

Hereinafter, the method of constructing the finishing material and the embodiment of the formwork according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[Construction method of finishing material]
First, an embodiment of a method for constructing a finishing material according to the present invention will be described.

(Principle of the present invention)
First, the principle of the present invention will be described.

1) Bonding method that does not entrain air The conventional principle of entraining air will be explained.
FIG. 1 (1) shows the principle of entraining air when the tile surface and the base surface are bonded together. As the tile, a large rectangular floor tile having a side of 600 mm or more is assumed. As shown in this figure, due to the manufacturing characteristics of the tile 1, the tile surface 2 tends to warp upward. If the tile back surface 3 is attached to the tile back surface 3 and the mortar 4 is lightly applied, the central portion of the tile tends to fall downward. Recent large floor tiles are cut out and molded from large size tiles, and although the tendency of warpage may differ, the larger the tile size, the easier it is for the tile to become habitual.

On the other hand, the base surface 5 made of concrete has minute irregularities, and when the mortar 6 is applied on the base surface 5 with a trowel, the irregularities are further increased. Although there are differences depending on the skill of the operator, the finished surface of the pasted mortar 6 has minute irregularities. In such a situation, if the tile surface 3 (tile back surface 3) and the base surface 5 are bonded together, an air pool 7 is likely to be formed in the center of the tile. After that, even if the tile 1 is hit or pushed in, the air pool 7 once entered remains as a void.

Next, the principle of making it difficult for air to be entrained in the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 (2) shows the principle of making it difficult for air to be entrained when the tile surface and the base surface are bonded to each other. As shown in this figure, the pasting mortar 4 (pasting material) applied to the back surface 3 of the tile 1 (finishing material) finishes the surface accuracy smoothly regardless of the habit of the tile. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 3 (1), if a rubber frame (form) is fitted in the tile and finished by ruler printing along the rubber frame, a smooth finish can be achieved with high accuracy. On the other hand, the mortar 6 (pasting material) to be attached to the base surface 5 (base material) is applied as thinly as possible in order to reduce the influence of unevenness. As the pasting mortars 4 and 6, polymer cement-based pasting mortars are assumed. In the case of the above-mentioned conventional organic-inorganic hybrid bonding method, it is ideal that the organic adhesive is applied with, for example, 3 mm stitches, and the coating thickness is such that it is evenly smoothed. Even if the size of one tile becomes large, if the surface accuracy of the smoothness of the pasted mortar 6 on the back surface 3 of the tile is ensured, the air pool 7 cannot be formed when the tiles are pasted together.

2) Bonding method in which air is easily released when the tile is pushed in Next, the principle of the present invention in which air is easily released will be described.
FIG. 2 shows a bonding method in which air is easily released when the tile surface 3 and the base surface 5 are bonded together and then the tile 1 is pushed toward the base surface 5. As shown in this figure, when fitting a rubber frame (not shown) into the tile 1, the tile end side 1A is not coated with the sticking mortar 4. This is because when the tile 1 is pushed in, it is used as an escape route for the pasted mortar 4. The present invention is not limited to this, and the sticking mortar 4 on the tile end side 1A may be applied thinner than the sticking mortar 4 on the center side of the tile 1.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3 (1), a rubber frame is fitted into the tile, the mortar is applied to the tile surface, and the mortar is applied by ruler printing along the rubber frame to finish the mortar smoothly. As shown in 2), a ruler (groove) is inserted in parallel and through the smooth finished surface. The reason for putting it through the comb is to create an escape route for the air.

After that, as shown in FIG. 2, a rubber frame (not shown) is removed from the tile 1, and before the pasted mortars 4 and 6 are cured, the tile surface 3 and the base surface 5 are bonded to each other, and then the tile surface 3 and the base surface 5 are bonded to each other, and then the texture 8 (groove) is formed. Knead the tile 1 in the orthogonal direction X (left-right direction in the figure). While checking the protrusion of the mortar from the tile end side 1A, push it to the predetermined tile surface height H. After that, the pasted mortars 4 and 6 are cured to bond the tile surface 3 and the base surface 5.

The effect of the air escape route by kneading is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. In each case, transparent tiles are used so that the back side of the tiles can be observed. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the tiles are rubbed in a direction orthogonal to the combs, and the comb marks on the tile surface disappear and the tiles are in a dense filling state. On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows an example in which the tiles are rubbed in a direction parallel to the combs, and comb marks remain on the tile surface.

As described above, according to the method of constructing the finishing material of the present embodiment, when the tile surface and the base surface are bonded together, it is difficult for air to be entrained between the tile surface and the base surface, and even if air is entrained, the base surface is not easily entrained. It becomes easier for air to escape from between and through the mesh (groove). As a result, the number of tiles to be reattached due to poor construction can be reduced, the construction quality of large tiles can be improved, the construction period can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, the case where the mortar 6 is directly applied to the base surface 5 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is suitable as a method for constructing a tile having a large size. The above-mentioned organic-inorganic hybrid bonding method can be applied. Even in this way, the same effects as described above can be obtained. When the organic-inorganic hybrid adhesive method is applied, for example, after forming a base adjustment layer made of an organic adhesive on the base surface 5, a sticking mortar 6 is applied to the surface of the base adjustment layer, and tiles are applied thereto. The surfaces 3 are pasted together.

Further, in the above embodiment, a large rectangular floor tile having a side of 600 mm or more has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the finishing material such as a rectangular tile having a side of less than 600 mm is also used. It is applicable, and in this case as well, the same action and effect as described above can be obtained.

[Formwork]
Next, an embodiment of the formwork according to the present invention will be described.

In the above-mentioned finishing material construction method, for example, when the tile surface and the base surface of a large floor tile having a size exceeding 600 mm are bonded, it is difficult for air to be entrained and the air is easily released when the tile is pushed in. showed that. In this method, a dedicated rubber frame (form) is used. The rubber frame is made of a rectangular frame, and its upper end surface (guide) is formed flush with the finished surface of the attached mortar in order to finish the surface of the attached mortar smoothly. After attaching the rubber frame to the end side of the tile, slide the ruler along the upper end surface of the rubber frame on the surface of the pasted mortar coated on the back surface of the tile (ruler printing). By doing so, the surface of the pasted mortar can be finished smoothly with high accuracy.

Table 1 compares the working hours of the construction method 1 (organic-inorganic hybrid tensioning) using this rubber frame and the conventional construction method 2 (improved crimping tension). As shown in this table, although the proficiency effect can be expected, the construction method 1 is a laborious work as compared with the conventional construction method 2, and it can be seen that there is room for improvement.

A ready-made polymer cement-based mortar is used as the mortar to be attached, and this mortar has a strong stickiness. If the mortar attached to the rubber frame adheres, there is a problem that the work efficiency is lowered. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a mold made of a rubber frame to which the polymer cement-based mortar does not adhere is provided.

Use a rubber frame that is slightly smaller so that tension (3 to 10%) can be applied to one side of the rubber frame so that it can be firmly fixed to the end side of the large floor tile before it is attached to the base surface. Is preferable. The hardness of the rubber of the rubber frame (durometer type A) is preferably 50 to 70 degrees. As the material of the rubber frame, rubber products such as natural rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, chloroprene rubber, and urethane rubber can be used. The mold of the present invention is not limited to the rubber frame made of rubber, and may be a mold made of foamed plastic such as foamed polystyrene or foamed polyethylene. However, when foamed plastic is used as the material, the tension should be less than 2% as a guide.

Further, in order to prevent the polymer cement-based mortar from adhering to the rubber frame, it is preferable to give a water-repellent treatment to the mold surface. As the water-repellent treatment, for example, a well-known water-repellent treatment process in which a water-repellent agent such as fluorine or silicon is applied to the mold surface may be used, or the present patent applicant is proposing a mold having a water-repellent treatment function. The water-repellent form described in Patent Document 3 of the above may be applied. By doing so, the labor of cleaning the formwork after demolding can be reduced, and the work efficiency when a plurality of tiles are continuously attached to the base surface can be improved.

(Example)
FIG. 6 (1) shows a state in which the rubber frame of this embodiment is attached to a large floor tile. The material of the rubber frame is urethane rubber and the hardness is 55 degrees. The degree of adhesion of the polymer cement-based mortar was compared between the one in which the entire rubber frame was not subjected to the water repellent treatment and the one in which the entire rubber frame was subjected to the water repellent treatment described in Patent Document 3. FIG. 6 (2) shows the adhesion result in the case of the rubber frame not subjected to the water repellent treatment, and FIG. 6 (3) shows the adhesion result in the case of the rubber frame subjected to the water repellent treatment. As shown in these figures, it can be seen that if the water repellent treatment is applied, the mortar is less likely to adhere.

The rubber frame subjected to the above water-repellent treatment does not easily adhere to the attached mortar and is easily separated from the trowel. Further, during continuous work, the mortar adhering to the rubber frame can be easily wiped off with a wet waste cloth or the like, eliminating the need for washing with water. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the work efficiency of continuously bonding a plurality of tiles to the base material.

As described above, according to the method of applying the finishing material according to the present invention, the finishing material is attached to the surface of the base material via the attaching material, and the attaching material is thinly applied to the surface of the base material. On the other hand, a step of thickly applying a sticking material to the back surface of the finishing material, a step of forming a groove for allowing air to escape on the surface of at least one of the sticking materials, and a step of forming a groove and then applying to the base material. Since the step of bonding the surface of the attached material and the surface of the material applied to the finishing material is provided, it is difficult for air to be caught between the finishing material and the base material when the finishing material and the base material are bonded. Even if air is entrained, it is easy for air to escape from between the base material and the groove.

Further, according to the construction method of another finishing material according to the present invention, the sticking material is applied thinner than the central portion side on the end side of the back surface of the finishing material, or the sticking material is not applied. , It is possible to secure an escape route for the pasting material when the finishing material is pushed into the base material.

Further, according to another method for constructing a finishing material according to the present invention, after attaching the formwork to the end of the finishing material or the end side of the back surface of the finishing material, the formwork is attached to the back surface of the finishing material inside the formwork. Since the step of providing the material and the step of smoothing the surface of the pasting material by sliding the ruler along the formwork are further provided, the surface of the pasting material can be finished smoothly with high accuracy.

Further, according to the construction method of another finishing material according to the present invention, since the finishing material is a rectangular tile having a side of 600 mm or more, it is difficult to entrain air when attaching a large floor tile or the like to the base material. , The air is easy to escape.

Further, according to the formwork according to the present invention, the formwork used in the above-mentioned method of constructing the finishing material is provided on the end side of the finishing material before being bonded to the base material, and is provided on the back surface of the finishing material. Since the guide for finishing the surface of the pasting material to be applied is provided, the surface of the sticking material can be finished smoothly with high accuracy by sliding the ruler along the guide.

Further, according to another mold according to the present invention, the mold surface on the side to which the sticking material is applied is subjected to a water-repellent treatment to prevent the sticking material from adhering, so that the mold after demolding is applied. The labor of cleaning the frame is reduced, and the work efficiency when a plurality of finishing materials are continuously bonded to the base material can be improved.

As described above, the method of applying the finishing material and the formwork according to the present invention are useful for the construction of the finishing material such as large floor tiles, and in particular, the finishing material such as large floor tiles is attached to the base material such as concrete. It is suitable for making it difficult for air to get caught between the base material and the base material and allowing air to easily escape from the base material.

1 tile (finishing material)
1A Tile end side 2 Tile front surface 3 Tile back surface (tile surface)
4,6 mortar (pasting material)
5 Underground (base material)
7 Air pool 8 combs (grooves)

Claims (3)

It is a construction method in which the finishing material is attached to the surface of the base material via the attaching material.
While thinly applying the adhesive material to the surface of the base material , attach the formwork to the end of the finishing material or the end of the back surface of the finishing material, and then thicken the adhesive material to the back surface of the finishing material inside the formwork. Steps to apply and
By sliding a ruler along the formwork, the surface of the sticking material applied to the back surface of the finishing material is smoothed, and then a comb-shaped groove for allowing air to escape is formed on the surface of the sticking material. The steps to form and
After forming a comb-shaped groove, the step of bonding the surface of the sticking material applied to the base material and the surface of the sticking material applied to the finishing material ,
After that, a method for constructing a finishing material, which comprises a step of kneading the finishing material in a direction orthogonal to a comb-shaped groove . The method for constructing a finishing material according to claim 1, wherein the end side of the back surface of the finishing material is coated with a sticker thinner than the center side, or the sticking material is not applied. The method for constructing a finishing material according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the finishing material is a rectangular tile having a side of 600 mm or more.

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