JP2020534348A - 精子の質を改善するための方法および製品 - Google Patents
精子の質を改善するための方法および製品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020534348A JP2020534348A JP2020517211A JP2020517211A JP2020534348A JP 2020534348 A JP2020534348 A JP 2020534348A JP 2020517211 A JP2020517211 A JP 2020517211A JP 2020517211 A JP2020517211 A JP 2020517211A JP 2020534348 A JP2020534348 A JP 2020534348A
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Abstract
Description
この用語は全身性である投与経路(例えば、静脈内注射のような注射、錠剤、丸剤、カプセル、または全身投与に有用な他の投薬形態での経口による)、および局所性である投与経路(例えば、クリーム、溶液、ペースト、洗口剤のような溶液を含む軟膏、局所経口投与)を含む。他の投与経路も考えられる。
特定の実施形態では、分離された精子がBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露された被験体から分離された精子である。
他の投与経路も考えられる。
(i)精子調製培地;
(ii)BGP−15および/またはその誘導体;ならびに
任意選択で、精子調製培地中のBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に精子を曝露するための説明書。
(i)IVF培地;
(ii)BGP−15および/またはその誘導体;ならびに
任意選択で、IVF培地におけるBGP−15および/またはその誘導体の使用説明書。
(i)精子凍結培地;
(ii)BGP−15および/またはその誘導体;ならびに
任意選択で、精子凍結培地中で精子をBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露するための説明書。
前臨床研究では、インビトロでのBGP−15処置が加齢により負の影響を受けた精子の質を改善できるかどうかを検討した。「高齢」(>12ヶ月)または「若齢」(<6ヶ月)のいずれかで、BGP−15(またはビークル)で処置されたC57BL6のマウスから精子を採取し、若齢雌マウスの卵母細胞の受精に使用し、胎芽の発育評価をした。
それぞれの処置群からの10μLの受精能獲得精子(35,000精子/mL)を、洗浄したCOC(1滴あたり15〜20COC)を含有する90μLの受精液滴に添加し、続いて、6%CO2、5%O2、窒素残部の大気中、37℃で4時間共インキュベートした。
全てのデータを、分析前に分布の正常性について試験した。全ての測定値は、平均±SEMとして報告される。統計的有意性は、Windows対してGraphPad Prism v008(GraphPad Software、La Jolla、CA、USA)を使用して、スチューデントのt検定によって示されるように決定した。
A)IVF後24時間に卵割を完了した推定接合子の割合;
B)5日目までに胚盤胞の生育を完了した2細胞胎芽の割合;および
C)孵化を開始した胚盤胞の割合。
投与群あたりN=6〜12匹。
分析は、各年齢群内で未処置群とBGP−15処置群を比較する対応のあるt検定と、若齢群と高齢群を比較する対応のないt検定とした。
実験では、インビボでのBGP−15処置が加齢により負の影響を受けた精子の質を改善できるかどうかを調べた。「高齢」(>12ヶ月)または「若齢」(<6ヶ月)のいずれかであったC57BL6の雄マウスを、BGP−15(またはビヒクル)で処置し、その後に、精子の採取、若齢雌マウスの卵母細胞の受精、胎芽生育の評価を行った。
化学物質は特に断らない限り、Sigma-Aldrich(StLouis、MO、USA)から購入した。BGP−15(N−Gene Research Laboratoriesから販売されている)のストック濃度(1mM)を、使用前にMilliQ水中で調製した。
雄マウスを自然交配雌(1:1比)と交配させ、受胎状態を評価した。ペアリングの16〜18時間後に雌の膣交尾栓の有無を調べたところ、交尾が成功したことが示された。次いで雌を雄から分離し、妊娠の徴候または同腹仔の出現をチェックするために約3週間飼育した。雄マウスは、生殖能力(交配が確認された後に妊娠を生じた場合)または低生殖能力(交配が確認された後に妊娠を生じなかった場合)に分類された。妊娠可能な雄によって産生された妊娠は、子供の表現型のさらなる研究のために選択された。胎仔生育を分析するために、妊娠雌を胎齢18.5日に頚椎脱臼により安楽死させ、胎仔を採取した。生存胎仔数と子宮角における位置を記録した。胎仔を胚外組織から分離し、温リン酸塩生理食塩水緩衝液(PBS)中で37℃で洗浄し、次いで測定し、秤量した。それらの胎盤も分離し、洗浄し、秤量した。新生仔の生育を分析するために、妊娠した雌の一部を出産させた。出生後(生後)1日目に、同腹仔数および生存可能な新生仔数を記録するとともに、測定および体重を測定した。生存仔数は、生後21〜24日の離乳まで記録した。
生殖能力評価(実施例3の技法に記載のとおり)の後、生殖能力のある若齢雄(若齢対照)および生殖能力の低い高齢雄を本研究のために選択した。雄マウスは精子分析および胎芽の体外産生のために精液の採取の4〜7日前に交配した。マウスを頚椎脱臼により安楽死させ、精巣上体尾部と精管の両方を採取した。各対の1つを、10μMのBGP−15を含有するかまたは含有しないCOOK Research vitro受精培地K−RVFE−50(COOK MEDICAL、QLD、Australia)中に無作為に配置した。次いで、精液および精子を含む生殖管の内容物を培地中に抽出し、組織を廃棄した。精子は、37℃/6%CO2/5%O2で1時間キャパシテーションしたままにした。
精子の運動性は、ミトコンドリア機能に関連付けられており、したがって、精子ミトコンドリア膜電位(MMP)は製造業者の説明書に従って、JC−1電位差計色素(1H−ベンズイミダゾリウム、5,6−ジクロロ−2−[3−(5,6−ジクロロ−1,3−ジエチル−1,3−ジヒドロ−2H−ベンズイミダゾール−2−イリデン)−1,3−ジエチル−、ヨウ化物、(E)47729−63−5; ThermoFisher Scientific、MA、USA)を使用して、FACSによって、低MMPおよび高MMPを有する個々の生細胞を同定および定量するために、生細胞蛍光アッセイを使用して試験された。簡潔には、約100万個の細胞を、受精培地中の5μMのJC−1作業溶液と共に37℃で15分間インキュベートした。次いで、細胞を洗浄し、フローサイトメトリーによって分析した。全てのサンプルについて、精子集団を光散乱測定に基づいてゲート制御した。生存精子画分は、死細胞のみに浸透する蛍光色素であるヨウ化プロピジウム(PI)生/死染色(Sigma−Aldrich、MI、USA)を用いて検出した。PI染色細胞のフローサイトメトリー取得は赤色蛍光(〜617nm)についてはPE−Cy7を介して行われ、JC−1染色細胞の取得は緑色(〜525nm)についてはFITCを介して、赤色/橙色蛍光(〜590)についてはPEを介して行われた。各実験について、少なくとも10,000個の細胞を試験した。全ての実験は、FACSCANTO II Flow Cytometry System(BD Biosciences、NSW、Australia)で行った。
精子が透明帯に結合し、卵母細胞を受精させる能力を評価するために、成熟卵丘卵母細胞複合体(COC)を、PMSGの腹腔内注射による過排卵後15時間で6週齢の雌C57BLマウスから採取し、48時間後にhCGを行った。COC(実験雄当たりN=10)を、80μL滴のCOOKリサーチビトロ受精培地K−RVFE−50(COOK MEDICAL、QLD、Australia)に、37℃/6%CO2/5%O2で入れた。卵母細胞は、BGP−15で処置されたかどうかに関わらない精子サンプルのアリコートで受精させ、配偶子を4時間共インキュベートした。この時点で、卵母細胞透明帯への精子結合を、ビスベンズイミドDNA染色(25μg/mL)中で5分間インキュベートし、続いて紫外線下で画像化することによって評価した。透明帯に結合した精子の数は、精子核を計数して評価した。
胎芽の体外産生のための卵母細胞を収集するために、雌マウスはホルモン誘導卵巣過剰刺激を受けた。簡潔には、動物が5IU/12gの体重の用量で、無菌0.9%生理食塩水中のPregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin(PMSG; National Hormone and Peptide Program、Torrence、USA)の腹腔内(IP)注射を受け、その後、48時間後に、5IU/12gの体重の用量で、無菌0.9%生理食塩水中のhuman chronic Gonadotropin(hCG; Pregnyl、Merck Sharp & Dohme Pty Ltd、Australia)の2回目のIP注射を受けた。次いで、マウスをhCG注射後14時間で頚椎脱臼により人道的に殺し、排卵した卵丘−卵母細胞複合体(COC)を卵管から採取し、体外受精により胎芽を作製するために使用した。簡潔には、COCをResearch Vitro Wash Medium(COOK Medical、QLD、Australia)中で2回洗浄し、次いで、1:10(10μL:100μL)濃度の精子を含むResearch Vitro Fertilisation Medium(COOK Medical)中に置いた。精巣上体および精管から精子サンプルを以前に採取し、6%CO2、5%O2中37℃でリサーチビトロ受精培地中で1時間キャパシテートさせた。4時間後、推定接合子を回収し、洗浄し、6%CO2、5%O2中37℃で胚盤胞期までのインビトロ胎芽培養のためのResearch Vitro Wash Mediumリサーチビトロクリーブ培地(10接合子/20μL滴; COOK Medical)に入れた。接合子はPrimovision time−lapse system(Vitrolife Pty Ltd、Boteborg、Sweden)を用いたreal-Time imagingにより記録し、細胞分裂と有害事象(不均等な細胞分裂、複数の核の存在、胞胚腔虚脱)の頻度を含む生育マイルストーンの詳細な解析を行った。各個体雄からの胎芽は、分析を通して分離されたままにした。
胎芽の体外産生のための卵母細胞を収集するために、雌マウスはホルモン誘導卵巣過剰刺激を受けた。簡潔には、動物が5IU/12gの体重の用量で、無菌0.9%生理食塩水中のPregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin(PMSG; National Hormone and Peptide Program、Torrence、USA)の腹腔内(IP)注射を受け;その後、48時間後に、5IU/12gの体重の用量で、無菌0.9%生理食塩水中のhuman chronic Gonadotropin(hCG; Pregnyl、Merck Sharp & Dohme Pty Ltd、Australia)の2回目のIP注射を受けた。次いで、マウスをhCG注射後14時間で頚椎脱臼により人道的に殺し、排卵した卵丘−卵母細胞複合体(COC)を卵管から採取し、体外受精により胎芽を作製するために使用した。簡潔には、COCをResearch Vitro Wash Medium(COOK Medical、)中で2回洗浄し、次いで、1:10(10μL:100μL)濃度の精子を含むResearch Vitro Fertilisation Medium(COOK Medical)中に置いた。精巣上体および精管から精子サンプルを以前に採取し、6%CO2、5%O2中37℃でリサーチビトロ受精培地中で1時間キャパシテートさせた。4時間後、推定接合子を回収し、洗浄し、6%CO2、5%O2中37℃で胚盤胞期までのインビトロ胎芽培養のためのリサーチビトロクリーブ培地(10接合子/20μL滴; COOK Medical)に入れた。胎芽のオンタイム生育を、2日目(最初の卵割)、および5日目(胚盤胞形成および孵化状態)におけるそれらの生育段階を評価することによって分析した。各個体雄からの胎芽は、分析を通して分離されたままにした。
インビトロ処置は精子の質と胎芽生育を改善したので、インビボで使用した場合、それが精子の質と生育能を改善するかどうかを次に試験した。
Fertility SA (南オーストラリア)の男性被検体は、処置には過剰な精液サンプルを提供することに同意した。これらの放棄されたサンプルを使用して、ヒト精子に対するBGP−15の効果を試験した。試料量、精子数、生存率、形態および運動性は、世界保健機関(WHO)ガイドライン(各試験の各試料について計数した100個の精子)に従い実施した。精子を精子希釈液中で1:20に希釈し、次いで、血球計(Neubauer Brightline、Livingstone International、NSW、Australia)を使用して、1mL当たりの精子の数を計数するために10μLを使用した。精子生存率を、光学顕微鏡下でエオシンで1:1に染色されたサンプルについて、処置群に対して盲検化して評価し、1群あたり100個の精子を生存(非染色)または非生存(染色)のいずれかとして分類した。生存率は総精子に対する割合で表した。精子運動性を光学顕微鏡下で評価し、1群100個の精子を進行性運動性、非進行性運動性または非運動性のいずれかに分類した。次に、運動性を総運動性(進行性および非進行性運動精子)または前進運動性(進行性運動精子のみ)で表した。精子形態の評価のために、各群100個の精子を正常または異常(尾または頭部欠損)に分類した。形態は、形態学的に正常な精子のパーセンテージで表す。全てのサンプルを、各分析について光学顕微鏡を用いて処置群に対して盲検化して評価した。
これに続いて、500gで5分間遠心分離し、フローサイトメトリー分析のためにBWW/PVAに再懸濁した。
精子細胞を精漿から分離するために遠心分離を使用する精子選択方法(例えば、洗浄)はDNA損傷を増加させながら、精子の活力および運動性に影響を及ぼす。
さらに、1時間のBGP−15との同時インキュベーションは、インビトロでの酸化ストレスに対する酸化的損傷から精子DNAを保護し得る。
実施例11 BGP−15を含む精子調製用媒体
実施例1は、精子の能力獲得を可能にする培地中でのBGP−15の使用についての実験的サポートを提供する。
収集後すぐに、精液試料を室温で完全に混合する。混合工程が完了した後、精子濃度および運動性を(顕微鏡下で)評価すべきである。1〜2mlの予め平衡化した精子調製培地の下の管中の液化精液の層0.5〜1ml。37℃のCO2中で30〜60分間インキュベートする。泳ぎ上げた後、上部の0.2〜1mlを吸引し、精子濃度および運動性について評価する。精子数が低すぎる場合、次の0.5mlも含まれる。プールは一緒に吸引する。吸引された精子培地のさらなる濃縮が必要な場合、5mlの精子調製培地をプールされた吸引物に添加し、混合し、そして400gで10分間遠心分離する。上清を吸引し、残りのペレットを適切な容量の予め平衡化した精子調製培地に再懸濁する。
卵母細胞の受精に適したヒトIVF培地におけるBGP−15および/またはその誘導体の使用も考えられる。
ヒト精子の凍結を補助するためのBGP−15および/またはその誘導体の使用もまた意図される。BGP−15および/またはその誘導体の曝露によって、本明細書の実施例で例示された精子の改善により、冷凍保留能力を向上させた精子が製造されると考えられる。
A.凍結。精液試料および凍結培地の両方が室温にあることを確保し、凍結培地で精液を1:1(v/v)希釈する。培地は1滴ずつ精液に添加されるべきであり、溶液は、培地の各添加後に注意深く混合されるべきである。混合物を室温で最低10分間放置する。希釈した精液をストローまたはクライオチューブに装填し、製造業者の推奨に従って密封する。ストローを水平に30分間、液体窒素の表面のすぐ上に懸濁する。クライオチューブは、ケーンに取り付けられ、期間経過、液体窒素の表面の上に吊り下げられるべきである。ストローまたは凍結管を液体窒素に移し、−196℃で保存する。
B.解凍。ストローまたはクライオチューブを室温で5分間加温する。ストローまたは冷凍チューブを開き、解凍した精子を取り出す。直ちに、密度勾配またはスイムアップ手順によって精子を調製する。
BGP−15および/またはその誘導体の静注用の組成は精子の質が低下した男性被験体への注射用に、等強性塩酸の適量の薬剤の処置効果のある量を組み合わせて調製することができる。例えば、20mg/kgの用量のBGP−15を、8週間、1日1回、被験体に静脈内投与することができる。
Claims (43)
- 精子の質を向上させる方法であって、該方法は、精子をBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露し、それによって精子の質を向上させることを含む方法。
- 前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体が、BGP−15、プロプラノロール、ビモクロモール、アリモクロマール、NG−94、イロキサナジン、および/または上記のいずれかの薬学的に許容される誘導体、プロドラッグ、溶媒和物、塩、互変異性体、立体異性体、および/またはラセミ体のうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体がBGP−15からなる請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記精子の質が受精能力を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記受精能力が、卵母細胞を受精する能力および/または精子から産生された胎芽の発生能を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記精子が高齢ドナーおよび/または肥満もしくは過体重ドナー由来の精子である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記精子がインビトロである請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記精子が、1時間以下の時間、前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記精子が被験体においてインビボである請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記精子を前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露することが、BGP−15および/またはその誘導体を被験体に投与することを含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、低減した受精能力を有する精子を含む、請求項9または10に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、高齢の被験体または肥満若しくは過体重の被験体である請求項9〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法に従いBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に精子を曝露することによって産生される分離された精子。
- 有効量のBGP−15および/またはその誘導体を被験体に投与し、それによって被験体における精子の質を改善することを含む、精子の質を改善するために被験体を処置する方法。
- 被験体における低減した精子の質を処置する方法であって、有効量のBGP−15および/またはその誘導体を被験体に投与し、それによって被験体を処置することを含む方法。
- 請求項14または15の方法に従い、BGP−15および/またはその誘導体を投与された被験体から入手した分離された精子。
- 精子の質を向上させるための組成物におけるBGP−15および/またはその誘導体の使用。
- 有効量のBGP−15および/またはその誘導体を含む、精子の質を改善するための医薬組成物。
- 精子の質を改善するために被験体を処置する方法であって、請求項18に記載の医薬組成物を被検体に投与することを含む方法。
- 精子を受精した卵母細胞によって産生される胎芽の発生能を改善する方法であって、精子をBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露し、それによって胎芽の発生能を改善することを含む方法。
- 前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体が、BGP−15、プロプラノロール、ビモクロモール、アリモクロマール、NG−94、イロキサナジン、および/または上記のいずれかのものの薬学的に許容される誘導体、プロドラッグ、溶媒和物、塩、互変異性体、立体異性体、またはラセミ体のうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体が、BGP−15を含む請求項20または21に記載の方法。
- 前記精子が、高齢ドナーおよび/または肥満もしくは過体重ドナー由来の精子である請求項20〜22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記精子をインビトロで前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露することを含む、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 被験体において精子をインビボで前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露することを含む、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記BGP−15および/またはその誘導体を被験体に投与することを含む、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 精子を用いる生殖補助の方法であって、該方法は、精子をBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露することと、該BGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露された精子を生殖補助の方法で使用することとを含む方法。
- 前記精子が、高齢ドナーおよび/または肥満もしくは過体重ドナー由来の精子である請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記生殖補助の方法が、インビトロ受精を含む、請求項27または28に記載の方法。
- 前記生殖補助の方法が人工受精を含む、請求項27または28に記載の方法。
- 請求項27〜30のいずれか1項に記載の生殖補助方法を用いて産生された動物。
- インビトロ受精方法であって、該方法が、インビトロで精子をBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露し、卵母細胞をBGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露した精子で受精させることを含む方法。
- 精子への暴露のためのBGP−15および/またはその誘導体を含む、精子の質を改善するためのキットまたは製品。
- 精子に曝露するためのBGP−15および/またはその誘導体を含む、生殖補助方法に使用するためのキットまたは製品。
- 請求項1〜12、20〜30または32のいずれか1項に記載の方法を実施するためのキットまたは製品。
- 精子のためのインビトロ受精用培地であって、BGP−15および/またはその誘導体を含む培地。
- 精子調製用培地であって、該培地がBGP−15および/またはその誘導体を含む培地。
- 精子を凍結する方法であって、該方法が、精子を凍結する前、間および/または後のいずれかの時に、BGP−15および/またはその誘導体に曝露することを含む方法。
- 精子凍結用培地であって、該培地がBGP−15および/またはその誘導体を含む培地。
- 精子の質を改善するための薬剤をスクリーニングする方法であって、精子の質を改善するためのBGP−15の誘導体の能力を決定すること、および精子の質を改善するための薬剤として該誘導体を同定することを含む方法。
- 前記方法が、精子の質を改善するインビトロでの前記誘導体の能力を決定することを含む、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、精子の質を改善するインビボでの前記誘導体の能力を決定することを含む、請求項40または41に記載の方法。
- 前記誘導体が、プロプラノロール、ビモクロモール、アリモクロマール、NG−94、およびイロキサナジンのうちの1つの誘導体を含む、請求項40〜42のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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BIOCHEM PHARMACOL, vol. 59, JPN6022037391, 2000, pages 937 - 945, ISSN: 0005058465 * |
BR J CLIN PHARMAC, vol. 12(5), JPN6023018024, 1981, pages 751 - 753, ISSN: 0005058466 * |
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US20210145815A1 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
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