JP2020204357A - Friction damper - Google Patents

Friction damper Download PDF

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JP2020204357A
JP2020204357A JP2019111983A JP2019111983A JP2020204357A JP 2020204357 A JP2020204357 A JP 2020204357A JP 2019111983 A JP2019111983 A JP 2019111983A JP 2019111983 A JP2019111983 A JP 2019111983A JP 2020204357 A JP2020204357 A JP 2020204357A
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bolt
plate
friction
movable plate
hole
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JP7331481B2 (en
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篤史 武田
Atsushi Takeda
篤史 武田
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Obayashi Corp
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Obayashi Corp
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Abstract

To prevent looseness of a bolt of a friction damper.SOLUTION: A friction damper 10 comprises a lower movable plate 11, a friction plate 12, a slide plate 13, and a middle movable plate 14 stacked in order, and a fastening body 20 for fastening the middle movable plate 14, the friction plate 12, the slide plate 13, and an upper movable plate 17. The friction plate 12 is fixed to the lower movable plate 11. The slide plate 13 is fixed to the movable plate 14. The friction plate 12 and the slide plate 13 can slide on each other. Bolt holes 12a and 11a are formed in the friction plate 12 and the lower movable plate 11. Long holes 13a and 14a are formed in the slide plate 13 and the movable plate 14. The fastening body 20 comprises a bolt 21 inserted into the long holes 13a and 14a and the bolt holes 11a and 12a, a nut 22 screwed to the bolt 21, and a pipe 28 into which the bolt 21 is inserted, and housed in the long holes 13a and 14a and the bolt holes 11a and 12a. The pipe 28 prevents rotation of the bolt 21 when the bolt 21 moves in a longitudinal direction of the long holes 13a and 14a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、建造物又は構造物等の振動を減衰させる摩擦ダンパーに関する。 The present invention relates to a friction damper that damps the vibration of a building or structure.

特許文献１には、互いに相対的に移動する２つの部材間に設けられ、これら部材の相対的な移動による振動を減衰させる摩擦ダンパーが開示されている。以下、特許文献１に用いられた参照符号を括弧書きで用いて、特許文献１に開示された摩擦ダンパーについて簡単に説明する。 Patent Document 1 discloses a friction damper provided between two members that move relative to each other and attenuates vibration due to the relative movement of these members. Hereinafter, the friction damper disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be briefly described by using the reference numerals used in Patent Document 1 in parentheses.

特許文献１に記載されているように、順に外板（３０）、摩擦板（４０）、中板（２０）、摩擦板（４０）及び外板（３０）が積み重ねられており、これらがボルト（５０ｂｈ）及びナット（５０）によって締結されている。外板（３０）には貫通孔（３０ｈ）が形成されており、中板（２０）には長孔（２０ｈ）が形成されており、摩擦板（４０）には長孔（４０ｈ）が形成されている。この摩擦ダンパーによって連結された２つの部材が互いに相対的な移動した場合、外板（３０）が中板（２０）に対して相対的に移動し、ボルト（５０ｂｈ）が外板（３０）と一緒に長孔（２０ｈ，４０ｈ）の長手方向に移動する。そうすると、摩擦板（４０）と外板（３０）の接触面や摩擦板（４０）と中板（２０）の接触面で摩擦力が発生するので、外板（３０）と中板（２０）の相対的な移動による振動が減衰する。 As described in Patent Document 1, the outer plate (30), the friction plate (40), the middle plate (20), the friction plate (40) and the outer plate (30) are stacked in this order, and these are bolts. It is fastened with (50bh) and a nut (50). A through hole (30h) is formed in the outer plate (30), a long hole (20h) is formed in the middle plate (20), and a long hole (40h) is formed in the friction plate (40). Has been done. When the two members connected by the friction damper move relative to each other, the outer plate (30) moves relative to the middle plate (20), and the bolt (50 bh) moves relative to the outer plate (30). They move together in the longitudinal direction of the long holes (20h, 40h). Then, a frictional force is generated at the contact surface between the friction plate (40) and the outer plate (30) and the contact surface between the friction plate (40) and the middle plate (20), so that the outer plate (30) and the middle plate (20) The vibration due to the relative movement of is damped.

特開２０１２−１０２８０９号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-102809

ところで、特許文献１に記載の摩擦ダンパーを土木構造物に適用する場合、その摩擦ダンパーの両端を対象物にピン接合する必要があるとともに、長孔（２０ｈ，４０ｈ）の長手方向に長くすることによってボルト（５０ｂｈ）のストローク長を長くする必要がある。そうした場合、ボルト（５０ｂｈ）が長孔（２０ｈ，４０ｈ）の内面に対して接触してしまう。このような接触は以下のような２つの悪影響の原因となる。
第一に、ボルト（５０ｂｈ）にトルクが作用してしまい、ボルト（５０ｂｈ）が緩んでしまう。
第二に、ボルト（５０ｂｈ）が摩耗してしまい、ボルトの防錆処理が損傷し、摩擦ダンパーの耐久性の低下を招く。 By the way, when the friction damper described in Patent Document 1 is applied to a civil engineering structure, it is necessary to pin-join both ends of the friction damper to the object and to lengthen the elongated holes (20h, 40h) in the longitudinal direction. It is necessary to increase the stroke length of the bolt (50 bh). In such a case, the bolt (50bh) comes into contact with the inner surface of the elongated hole (20h, 40h). Such contact causes the following two adverse effects.
First, torque acts on the bolt (50bh), causing the bolt (50bh) to loosen.
Secondly, the bolt (50bh) is worn, the rust preventive treatment of the bolt is damaged, and the durability of the friction damper is lowered.

そこで、本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、摩擦ダンパーのボルトの緩みを防止することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to prevent the bolts of the friction damper from loosening.

以上の課題を解決するべく、摩擦ダンパーが、順に重ねられた第１可動板、摩擦板、滑り板及び第２可動板と、前記第１可動板、前記摩擦板、前記滑り板及び前記第２可動板を締め付ける締結体と、を備え、前記摩擦板が前記第１可動板に固定され、前記滑り板が前記第２可動板に固定され、前記摩擦板と前記滑り板が相互に摺動可能であり、前記摩擦板及び前記第１可動板の組と前記滑り板及び前記第２可動板の組とのうち一方の組に長孔が形成され、他方の組にボルト孔が形成され、前記締結体が、前記長孔及び前記ボルト孔に挿通されたボルトと、前記ボルトに螺合したナットと、前記ボルトが通され、前記長孔及び前記ボルト孔に収容されたパイプと、を有し、前記パイプは、前記ボルトが前記長孔の長手方向に移動する際の前記ボルトの回転を防止する。 In order to solve the above problems, the friction dampers are stacked in order of the first movable plate, the friction plate, the sliding plate and the second movable plate, and the first movable plate, the friction plate, the sliding plate and the second movable plate. A fastener for tightening the movable plate is provided, the friction plate is fixed to the first movable plate, the sliding plate is fixed to the second movable plate, and the friction plate and the sliding plate can slide with each other. A long hole is formed in one of the set of the friction plate and the first movable plate and the set of the sliding plate and the second movable plate, and a bolt hole is formed in the other set. The fastening body has a bolt inserted into the elongated hole and the bolt hole, a nut screwed into the bolt, and a pipe through which the bolt is passed and housed in the elongated hole and the bolt hole. , The pipe prevents the bolt from rotating when the bolt moves in the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole.

以上によれば、ボルトが長孔の長手方向に移動する際に、パイプがボルトの回転を防止するため、ボルトの緩みを防止することができる。 According to the above, when the bolt moves in the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole, the pipe prevents the bolt from rotating, so that the bolt can be prevented from loosening.

前記パイプが低摩擦係数の材料からなると、パイプが長孔の内面若しくはボルトの外周面又はこれらの両方に対して滑りやすい。そのため、パイプが長孔の内面とボルトの外周面との間に挟まれた状態で、パイプ及びボルトが長孔の長手方向に移動しても、長孔の内面からボルトへトルクが伝わらない。よって、パイプとボルトの共回りを防止できるとともに、ボルトの緩みを防止できる。 When the pipe is made of a material with a low coefficient of friction, the pipe is slippery with respect to the inner surface of the elongated hole, the outer peripheral surface of the bolt, or both. Therefore, even if the pipe and the bolt move in the longitudinal direction of the long hole while the pipe is sandwiched between the inner surface of the long hole and the outer peripheral surface of the bolt, torque is not transmitted from the inner surface of the long hole to the bolt. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the pipe and the bolt from rotating together and to prevent the bolt from loosening.

前記パイプが合成樹脂からなると、パイプはボルト又は長孔の内面に対して滑りやすくなる。そのため、パイプが長孔の内面とボルトの外周面との間に挟まれた状態でボルトが長孔の長手方向に移動する際に、長孔の内面からボルトへトルクが伝わらず、ボルトの緩みを防止することができる。 When the pipe is made of synthetic resin, the pipe becomes slippery with respect to the inner surface of the bolt or the elongated hole. Therefore, when the bolt moves in the longitudinal direction of the long hole while the pipe is sandwiched between the inner surface of the long hole and the outer peripheral surface of the bolt, torque is not transmitted from the inner surface of the long hole to the bolt, and the bolt becomes loose. Can be prevented.

前記パイプが可撓性を有すると、長孔及びボルト孔の内面がパイプによって傷つき難い。 When the pipe is flexible, the inner surfaces of the elongated holes and the bolt holes are not easily damaged by the pipe.

好ましくは、前記パイプと前記ボルトとの間に遊びが存在する。
好ましくは、前記パイプと前記長孔の内面との間に遊びが存在するとともに、前記パイプと前記ボルト孔の内面との間に遊びが存在する。
以上ようにパイプの内側や外側に遊びが存在すれば、がボルトの外周面と長孔の内面との間に挟まれた状態が頻繁に起こることがない。そのため、パイプ及びボルトが長孔の長手方向に移動する際に、長孔の内面からボルトへトルクが伝わらず、ボルトの緩みを防止することができる。 Preferably, there is play between the pipe and the bolt.
Preferably, there is play between the pipe and the inner surface of the elongated hole, and there is play between the pipe and the inner surface of the bolt hole.
If there is play on the inside or outside of the pipe as described above, the state in which the bolt is sandwiched between the outer peripheral surface of the bolt and the inner surface of the elongated hole does not frequently occur. Therefore, when the pipe and the bolt move in the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole, torque is not transmitted from the inner surface of the elongated hole to the bolt, and the bolt can be prevented from loosening.

本発明によれば、ボルトの緩みを防止できる。 According to the present invention, loosening of bolts can be prevented.

橋梁の側面図である。It is a side view of a bridge. 橋梁に設置された摩擦ダンパーの側面図である。It is a side view of the friction damper installed in a bridge. III−III断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of III-III. 図３の切断面に直交する切断面の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the cut plane orthogonal to the cut plane of FIG.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態について説明する。但し、以下に述べる実施形態には、本発明を実施するために技術的に好ましい種々の限定が付されているが、本発明の範囲を以下の実施形態及び図示例に限定するものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, although the embodiments described below are provided with various technically preferable limitations for carrying out the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples.

図１は、橋梁の端部における制振構造を示した側面図であり、図２は、その制振構造が備える摩擦ダンパー１０を示した側面図である。
制振構造は可動支承４及び摩擦ダンパー１０を有する。可動支承４が橋台３上に設置され、橋桁２が可動支承４上に支持されている。可動支承４は、橋台３に対する橋桁２の相対的な水平振動を所定範囲内で許容しつつ、橋桁２からの鉛直荷重を橋台３に伝達する。可動支承４は例えば積層ゴム支承又はローラ支承である。摩擦ダンパー１０は橋台３と橋桁２との間に設置されている。摩擦ダンパー１０は橋桁２の水平振動による運動エネルギーを熱エネルギーに変換することによって、橋桁２の振動を減衰させる。なお、可動支承４及び摩擦ダンパー１０が橋台３の代わりに橋脚に適用されてもよい。 FIG. 1 is a side view showing a vibration damping structure at an end of a bridge, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing a friction damper 10 included in the vibration damping structure.
The vibration damping structure has a movable bearing 4 and a friction damper 10. The movable bearing 4 is installed on the abutment 3, and the bridge girder 2 is supported on the movable bearing 4. The movable bearing 4 transmits the vertical load from the pier 2 to the pier 3 while allowing the horizontal vibration of the pier 2 relative to the pier 3 within a predetermined range. The movable bearing 4 is, for example, a laminated rubber bearing or a roller bearing. The friction damper 10 is installed between the pier 3 and the bridge girder 2. The friction damper 10 attenuates the vibration of the bridge girder 2 by converting the kinetic energy due to the horizontal vibration of the bridge girder 2 into heat energy. The movable bearing 4 and the friction damper 10 may be applied to the pier instead of the abutment 3.

橋台３の側面にはブラケット５が固定され、摩擦ダンパー１０の一端部はピン接合構造６によって鉛直軸回りに回転可能にブラケット５に連結されている。橋桁２の下面にはブラケット９が固定され、摩擦ダンパー１０の他端部はピン接合構造８によって鉛直軸回りに回転可能にブラケット９に連結されている。このように摩擦ダンパー１０の両端がピン接合されているため、振動・衝撃等によって橋軸方向の変位のみならず、橋軸直角方向の変位も摩擦ダンパー１０に生じ得る。なお、橋軸直角方向とは、図１及び図２の紙面に対して垂直な方向のことである。 A bracket 5 is fixed to the side surface of the abutment 3, and one end of the friction damper 10 is rotatably connected to the bracket 5 around a vertical axis by a pin joining structure 6. A bracket 9 is fixed to the lower surface of the bridge girder 2, and the other end of the friction damper 10 is rotatably connected to the bracket 9 around a vertical axis by a pin joining structure 8. Since both ends of the friction damper 10 are pin-joined in this way, not only displacement in the bridge axis direction but also displacement in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis can occur in the friction damper 10 due to vibration, impact, or the like. The direction perpendicular to the bridge axis is the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIGS. 1 and 2.

図３は、図２に示す切断箇所III−IIIを矢印方向（橋軸方向）に見て示す断面図である。図４は、摩擦ダンパー１０の締結体２０において図３の断面に直交する切断面の断面図である。図３及び図４に示すように、摩擦ダンパー１０は、下部可動板１１，摩擦板１２、滑り板１３、中部可動板１４、滑り板１５、摩擦板１６、上部可動板１７及び複数の締結体２０を備える。各締結体２０は高張力ボルト２１、ナット２２、座金２３、座金２４、皿バネ積層体２５、ブッシュ２６、座金２７及び丸パイプ２８を有する。皿バネ積層体２５は複数の皿バネ２５ａを積み重ねたものである。なお、下部可動板１１又は上部可動板１７が特許請求の範囲に記載された第１可動板に相当し、中部可動板１４が特許請求の範囲に記載された第２可動板に相当する。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the cut portion III-III shown in FIG. 2 in the direction of an arrow (bridge axis direction). FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cut surface orthogonal to the cross section of FIG. 3 in the fastening body 20 of the friction damper 10. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the friction damper 10 includes a lower movable plate 11, a friction plate 12, a sliding plate 13, a middle movable plate 14, a sliding plate 15, a friction plate 16, an upper movable plate 17, and a plurality of fasteners. 20 is provided. Each fastening body 20 has a high-strength bolt 21, a nut 22, a washer 23, a washer 24, a disc spring laminate 25, a bush 26, a washer 27, and a round pipe 28. The disc spring laminate 25 is a stack of a plurality of disc springs 25a. The lower movable plate 11 or the upper movable plate 17 corresponds to the first movable plate described in the claims, and the middle movable plate 14 corresponds to the second movable plate described in the claims.

下部可動板１１、摩擦板１２、滑り板１３、中部可動板１４、滑り板１５、摩擦板１６及び上部可動板１７は、順に積み重ねられて、複数の締結体２０によって締め付けられている。以下、下部可動板１１、摩擦板１２、滑り板１３、中部可動板１４、滑り板１５、摩擦板１６、上部可動板１７及び締結体２０について詳細に説明する。 The lower movable plate 11, the friction plate 12, the sliding plate 13, the middle movable plate 14, the sliding plate 15, the friction plate 16, and the upper movable plate 17 are stacked in this order and fastened by a plurality of fasteners 20. Hereinafter, the lower movable plate 11, the friction plate 12, the sliding plate 13, the middle movable plate 14, the sliding plate 15, the friction plate 16, the upper movable plate 17, and the fastening body 20 will be described in detail.

中部可動板１４は、その端部がピン接合構造６によって鉛直軸回りに回転可能にブラケット５に連結され、ピン接合構造６からピン接合構造８に向かって延びている。一方、可動板１１，１７は、その端部がピン接合構造８によって鉛直軸回りに回転可能にブラケット９に連結され、ピン接合構造８からピン接合構造６に向かって延びている。中部可動板１４が下部可動板１１と上部可動板１７との間に配置されて、これら可動板１１，１４，１７が互いに平行となっている。可動板１１，１４，１７は帯板状であり、図３の紙面に直交する方向の長さが図１、図２及び図４の紙面に直交する方向の幅よりも長い。図３の紙面に直交する方向はピン接合構造６からピン接合構造８に向かう方向であり、その方向を可動板１１，１４，１７の長手方向ともいう。なお、Ｈ鋼のウエブを中部可動板１４として用い、溝型鋼のウエブを可動板１１．１７として用いてもよい。 The end of the central movable plate 14 is rotatably connected to the bracket 5 around the vertical axis by the pin joining structure 6, and extends from the pin joining structure 6 toward the pin joining structure 8. On the other hand, the ends of the movable plates 11 and 17 are rotatably connected to the bracket 9 around the vertical axis by the pin joining structure 8 and extend from the pin joining structure 8 toward the pin joining structure 6. The middle movable plate 14 is arranged between the lower movable plate 11 and the upper movable plate 17, and these movable plates 11, 14 and 17 are parallel to each other. The movable plates 11, 14 and 17 have a strip shape, and the length in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 3 is longer than the width in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIGS. 1, 2 and 4. The direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 3 is the direction from the pin joining structure 6 to the pin joining structure 8, and the direction is also referred to as the longitudinal direction of the movable plates 11, 14, and 17. The web of H steel may be used as the central movable plate 14, and the web of channel steel may be used as the movable plate 11.17.

中部可動板１４の両面には滑り板１３，１５がそれぞれ重ねられている。滑り板１３，１５はボルト・ナット等の留め具によって中部可動板１４に固定されている。滑り板１３，１５はステンレス鋼、チタン合金といった耐食性金属からなる。 Sliding plates 13 and 15 are stacked on both sides of the central movable plate 14, respectively. The sliding plates 13 and 15 are fixed to the central movable plate 14 by fasteners such as bolts and nuts. The sliding plates 13 and 15 are made of corrosion-resistant metals such as stainless steel and titanium alloy.

滑り板１３と下部可動板１１との間には摩擦板１２が挟まれている。摩擦板１２はボルト・ナット等の留め具によって下部可動板１１に固定されている。滑り板１５と上部可動板１７との間には摩擦板１６が挟まれている。摩擦板１６はボルト・ナット等の留め具によって上部可動板１７に固定されている。摩擦板１２，１６は有機系摩擦材又は無機系摩擦材からなる。摩擦板１２が滑り板１３に接触し、摩擦板１２と滑り板１３との間に滑り・動摩擦が発生し得る。摩擦板１６が滑り板１５に接触し、摩擦板１６と滑り板１５との間に滑り・動摩擦が発生し得る。 A friction plate 12 is sandwiched between the sliding plate 13 and the lower movable plate 11. The friction plate 12 is fixed to the lower movable plate 11 by fasteners such as bolts and nuts. A friction plate 16 is sandwiched between the sliding plate 15 and the upper movable plate 17. The friction plate 16 is fixed to the upper movable plate 17 by fasteners such as bolts and nuts. The friction plates 12 and 16 are made of an organic friction material or an inorganic friction material. The friction plate 12 comes into contact with the sliding plate 13, and sliding / dynamic friction may occur between the friction plate 12 and the sliding plate 13. The friction plate 16 comes into contact with the sliding plate 15, and sliding / dynamic friction may occur between the friction plate 16 and the sliding plate 15.

中部可動板１４には長孔１４ａが形成されている。長孔１４ａは、図３の紙面に直交する方向、つまり中部可動板１４の長手方向に長く設けられている。同様に、滑り板１３，１５にも、中部可動板１４の長手方向に長く設けられた長孔１３ａ，１５ａがそれぞれ形成されている。これら長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａは上下に重なっている。 An elongated hole 14a is formed in the central movable plate 14. The elongated hole 14a is provided long in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 3, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the central movable plate 14. Similarly, the sliding plates 13 and 15 are also formed with elongated holes 13a and 15a long in the longitudinal direction of the central movable plate 14, respectively. These elongated holes 13a, 14a, and 15a are vertically overlapped.

下部可動板１１には、複数の丸形のボルト孔１１ａが形成されている。これらボルト孔１１ａは長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの長手方向に所定間隔を置いて配列されており、これらボルト孔１１ａの中心軸を結ぶ平面は長孔１３ａ，１４，１５ａの幅方向のほぼ中心を通る。同様に、摩擦板１２、摩擦板１６及び上部可動板１７にも複数のボルト孔１２ａ，１６ａ，１７ａがそれぞれ形成されている。ボルト孔１１ａ、ボルト孔１２ａ、ボルト孔１６ａ及びボルト孔１７ａは上下に重なっている。 A plurality of round bolt holes 11a are formed in the lower movable plate 11. These bolt holes 11a are arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a, and the plane connecting the central axes of the bolt holes 11a is substantially the center in the width direction of the elongated holes 13a, 14, 15a. Pass through. Similarly, a plurality of bolt holes 12a, 16a, 17a are formed in the friction plate 12, the friction plate 16, and the upper movable plate 17, respectively. The bolt hole 11a, the bolt hole 12a, the bolt hole 16a, and the bolt hole 17a are vertically overlapped with each other.

各高張力ボルト２１が座金２３、ボルト孔１７ａ、ボルト孔１６ａ、長孔１５ａ、長孔１４ａ、長孔１３ａ、ボルト孔１２ａ、ボルト孔１１ａ、座金２４、皿バネ積層体２５、ブッシュ２６及び座金２７に挿通されて、ナット２２に螺合されている。長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａが中部可動板１４の長手方向に長く設けられているため、高張力ボルト２１の軸部が長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａ内でこれらの長手方向に移動可能である。特に、摩擦ダンパー１０が橋梁に用いられるため、長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの長手方向への高張力ボルト２１の軸部のストローク長が長くなるように、長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの長手方向の長さが長い。 Each high tension bolt 21 has a washer 23, a bolt hole 17a, a bolt hole 16a, an elongated hole 15a, an elongated hole 14a, an elongated hole 13a, a bolt hole 12a, a bolt hole 11a, a washer 24, a disc spring laminate 25, a bush 26 and a washer. It is inserted through 27 and screwed into nut 22. Since the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a are provided long in the longitudinal direction of the central movable plate 14, the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 21 can move in these longitudinal directions within the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a. In particular, since the friction damper 10 is used for the bridge, the longitudinal direction of the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a is increased so that the stroke length of the shaft portion of the high-tensile bolt 21 in the longitudinal direction of the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a becomes longer. Is long.

座金２３が高張力ボルト２１の頭部と上部可動板１７との間に挟み込まれ、座金２４が下部可動板１１と皿バネ積層体２５との間に挟み込まれ、ブッシュ２６が皿バネ積層体２５に挿入され、皿バネ積層体２５がブッシュ２６のフランジと座金２４との間に挟まれ、座金２７がブッシュ２６とナット２２との間に挟まれている。 The washer 23 is sandwiched between the head of the high tension bolt 21 and the upper movable plate 17, the washer 24 is sandwiched between the lower movable plate 11 and the disc spring laminate 25, and the bush 26 is the disc spring laminate 25. The disc spring laminate 25 is sandwiched between the flange of the bush 26 and the washer 24, and the washer 27 is sandwiched between the bush 26 and the nut 22.

高張力ボルト２１がナット２２に螺合されることによって、高張力ボルト２１及びナット２２は座金２３、上部可動板１７、摩擦板１６、滑り板１５、中部可動板１４、滑り板１３、摩擦板１２、下部可動板１１、座金２４、皿バネ積層体２５、ブッシュ２６のフランジ及び座金２７を締め付けている。高張力ボルト２１とナット２２の締め付け軸力により皿バネ積層体２５が弾性的に変形することによって、締め付け軸力にほぼ相等するバネ反力が皿バネ積層体２５から高張力ボルト２１及びナット２２に作用する。皿バネ積層体２５は高張力ボルト２１及びナット２２の緩みを防止するとともに、振動又は衝撃等による締め付け軸力の急激な又は特異的な変化を抑えて締め付け軸力を安定させる。締め付け軸力に応じた摩擦力が摩擦板１２と滑り板１３との間に生じるととともに、摩擦板１６と滑り板１５との間に生じる。 By screwing the high tension bolt 21 into the nut 22, the high tension bolt 21 and the nut 22 are made of a washer 23, an upper movable plate 17, a friction plate 16, a sliding plate 15, a middle movable plate 14, a sliding plate 13, and a friction plate. 12, the lower movable plate 11, the washer 24, the countersunk spring laminate 25, the flange of the bush 26, and the washer 27 are tightened. The disc spring laminate 25 is elastically deformed by the tightening axial force of the high tension bolt 21 and the nut 22, so that the spring reaction force substantially equal to the tightening axial force is obtained from the disc spring laminate 25 to the high tension bolt 21 and the nut 22. Acts on. The disc spring laminate 25 prevents the high-tensile bolt 21 and the nut 22 from loosening, and stabilizes the tightening axial force by suppressing a sudden or specific change in the tightening axial force due to vibration or impact. A frictional force corresponding to the tightening axial force is generated between the friction plate 12 and the sliding plate 13, and is generated between the friction plate 16 and the sliding plate 15.

振動・衝撃等によって下部可動板１１及び摩擦板１２が滑り板１３及び中部可動板１４に対して相対的に中部可動板１４の長手方向に移動すると、摩擦板１２と滑り板１３との間に滑りが生じる。これにより、摩擦板１２と滑り板１３との間に動摩擦力が発生して、熱エネルギーが発生する。同様に、摩擦板１６と滑り板１５との間に滑りが生じると、摩擦板１２と滑り板１３との間に動摩擦力が発生し、これにより熱エネルギーが発生する。そのため、下部可動板１１、摩擦板１２、摩擦板１６及び上部可動板１７に対する滑り板１３、中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５の相対的な水平振動が減衰する。 When the lower movable plate 11 and the friction plate 12 move in the longitudinal direction of the middle movable plate 14 relative to the sliding plate 13 and the middle movable plate 14 due to vibration, impact, etc., between the friction plate 12 and the sliding plate 13. Slip occurs. As a result, a dynamic friction force is generated between the friction plate 12 and the sliding plate 13, and heat energy is generated. Similarly, when slip occurs between the friction plate 16 and the slide plate 15, a dynamic friction force is generated between the friction plate 12 and the slide plate 13, and thermal energy is generated by this. Therefore, the relative horizontal vibration of the sliding plate 13, the middle movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15 with respect to the lower movable plate 11, the friction plate 12, the friction plate 16, and the upper movable plate 17 is attenuated.

高張力ボルト２１が丸パイプ２８に挿通された状態で、その丸パイプ２８がボルト孔１７ａ、ボルト孔１６ａ、長孔１５ａ、長孔１４ａ、長孔１３ａ、ボルト孔１２ａ、ボルト孔１１ａ、座金２４の孔及びブッシュ２６の孔に収容されている。丸パイプ２８は、高張力ボルト２１の軸部に対して相対的に回転し得る。更に、丸パイプ２８は、ボルト孔１７ａ、ボルト孔１６ａ、長孔１５ａ、長孔１４ａ、長孔１３ａ、ボルト孔１２ａ、ボルト孔１１ａ、座金２４の孔及びブッシュ２６の孔の内面に対しても回転し得る。 With the high-tensile bolt 21 inserted into the round pipe 28, the round pipe 28 has a bolt hole 17a, a bolt hole 16a, an elongated hole 15a, an elongated hole 14a, an elongated hole 13a, a bolt hole 12a, a bolt hole 11a, and a washer 24. It is housed in the hole of the bush 26 and the hole of the bush 26. The round pipe 28 can rotate relative to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 21. Further, the round pipe 28 also has a bolt hole 17a, a bolt hole 16a, a long hole 15a, a long hole 14a, a long hole 13a, a bolt hole 12a, a bolt hole 11a, a hole of a washer 24, and an inner surface of a hole of a bush 26. Can rotate.

丸パイプ２８の内径（直径）は高張力ボルト２１の軸部の直径よりも長く、高張力ボルト２１の外周面と丸パイプ２８の内周面との間には僅かな遊びが存在する。丸パイプ２８の外径（直径）はボルト孔１１ａ、ボルト孔１２ａ、ボルト孔１６ａ、ボルト孔１７ａ、座金２４の孔及びブッシュ２６の孔の直径よりも短く、ボルト孔１１ａ、ボルト孔１２ａ、ボルト孔１６ａ、ボルト孔１７ａ、座金２４の孔及びブッシュ２６の孔の内面と丸パイプ２８の外周面との間には僅かな遊びが存在する。更に、丸パイプ２８の外径（直径）は長孔１５ａ、長孔１４ａ及び長孔１３ａの幅よりも短く、長孔１５ａ、長孔１４ａ及び長孔１３ａの内面と丸パイプ２８の外周面との間には僅かな遊びが存在する。 The inner diameter (diameter) of the round pipe 28 is longer than the diameter of the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 21, and there is a slight play between the outer peripheral surface of the high-tensile bolt 21 and the inner peripheral surface of the round pipe 28. The outer diameter (diameter) of the round pipe 28 is shorter than the diameter of the bolt hole 11a, the bolt hole 12a, the bolt hole 16a, the bolt hole 17a, the hole of the washer 24 and the hole of the bush 26, and the bolt hole 11a, the bolt hole 12a, and the bolt. There is a slight amount of play between the inner surface of the hole 16a, the bolt hole 17a, the washer 24 hole and the bush 26 hole and the outer peripheral surface of the round pipe 28. Further, the outer diameter (diameter) of the round pipe 28 is shorter than the width of the long hole 15a, the long hole 14a and the long hole 13a, and the inner surface of the long hole 15a, the long hole 14a and the long hole 13a and the outer peripheral surface of the round pipe 28. There is a little play between them.

丸パイプ２８は、高張力ボルト２１に対して摩擦係数の低い摺動材料からなるか、又は滑り板１３，中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５に対して摩擦係数の低い摺動材料からなる。又は、丸パイプ２８は、高張力ボルト２１に対しても、滑り板１３，中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５に対しても摩擦係数の低い材料からなる。丸パイプ２８は特に自己潤滑性を有する材料からなってもよい。このような丸パイプ２８は高張力ボルト２１の回転を防止して、高張力ボルト２１の緩みを防止する。以下より具体的に説明する。 The round pipe 28 is made of a sliding material having a low friction coefficient with respect to the high-tensile bolt 21, or is made of a sliding material having a low friction coefficient with respect to the sliding plate 13, the central movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15. Alternatively, the round pipe 28 is made of a material having a low coefficient of friction for the high-tensile bolt 21, the sliding plate 13, the central movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15. The round pipe 28 may be made of a material that is particularly self-lubricating. Such a round pipe 28 prevents the high-tensile bolt 21 from rotating and prevents the high-tensile bolt 21 from loosening. This will be described in more detail below.

中部可動板１４が下部可動板１１及び上部可動板１７に対して相対的に橋軸直角方向に変位すると、丸パイプ２８が高張力ボルト２１の軸部の外周面と長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの内面との間に挟まれる。丸パイプ２８が高張力ボルト２１の軸部の外周面と長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの内面との間に挟まれた状態で高張力ボルト２１が中部可動板１４の長手方向に移動すると、丸パイプ２８が長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの内面で転動する。そうした場合、丸パイプ２８が高張力ボルト２１に対して摩擦係数の低い摺動材料からなると、丸パイプ２８の内面が高張力ボルト２１の外周面に対して滑る。そのため、滑り板１３、中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５から高張力ボルト２１へトルクが伝わらず、高張力ボルト２１と丸パイプ２８の共回りを防止できる。よって、高張力ボルト２１の緩みを防止できる。 When the central movable plate 14 is displaced in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis relative to the lower movable plate 11 and the upper movable plate 17, the round pipe 28 is displaced from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion of the high-tensile bolt 21 and the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a. It is sandwiched between the inner surface of the. When the high-tensile bolt 21 moves in the longitudinal direction of the central movable plate 14 while the round pipe 28 is sandwiched between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion of the high-tensile bolt 21 and the inner surfaces of the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a, the round pipe 28 is rounded. The pipe 28 rolls on the inner surface of the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a. In such a case, if the round pipe 28 is made of a sliding material having a low coefficient of friction with respect to the high-tensile bolt 21, the inner surface of the round pipe 28 slides with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the high-tensile bolt 21. Therefore, torque is not transmitted from the sliding plate 13, the central movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15 to the high-tensile bolt 21, and the high-tensile bolt 21 and the round pipe 28 can be prevented from rotating together. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the high-tensile bolt 21 from loosening.

丸パイプ２８が滑り板１３，中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５に対して摩擦係数の低い摺動材料からなる場合、丸パイプ２８が高張力ボルト２１の軸部の外周面と長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの内面との間に挟まれた状態で高張力ボルト２１が中部可動板１４の長手方向に移動すると、丸パイプ２８が長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの内面に対して滑る。そのため、滑り板１３、中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５から高張力ボルト２１へトルクが伝わらず、高張力ボルト２１と丸パイプ２８の共回りを防止できる。よって、高張力ボルト２１の緩みを防止できる。 When the round pipe 28 is made of a sliding material having a low friction coefficient with respect to the sliding plate 13, the central movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15, the round pipe 28 is the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion of the high-tensile bolt 21 and the elongated holes 13a, 14a. When the high-tensile bolt 21 moves in the longitudinal direction of the central movable plate 14 while being sandwiched between the inner surfaces of the holes 13a, 14a and 15a, the round pipe 28 slides on the inner surfaces of the elongated holes 13a, 14a and 15a. Therefore, torque is not transmitted from the sliding plate 13, the central movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15 to the high-tensile bolt 21, and the high-tensile bolt 21 and the round pipe 28 can be prevented from rotating together. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the high-tensile bolt 21 from loosening.

ところで、丸パイプ２８が高張力ボルト２１の軸部の外周面と長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの内面との間に挟まれた状態であると、滑り板１３、中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５から高張力ボルト２１にトルクが伝わり易い環境にある。しかしながら、丸パイプ２８の外側及び内側には遊びが存在するため、丸パイプ２８が高張力ボルト２１の軸部の外周面と長孔１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａの内面との間に挟まれた状態は頻繁に発生することがない上、その状態が長く続くこともない。つまり、トルクが滑り板１３、中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５から高張力ボルト２１に伝わる状態の発生頻度が低い。そのため、滑り板１３、中部可動板１４及び滑り板１５から高張力ボルト２１へトルクが伝わり難く、高張力ボルト２１と丸パイプ２８の共回りを防止できる。よって、高張力ボルト２１の緩みを防止できる。 By the way, when the round pipe 28 is sandwiched between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion of the high-tensile bolt 21 and the inner surface of the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a, the sliding plate 13, the central movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15 The torque is easily transmitted to the high-tensile bolt 21. However, since there is play on the outside and inside of the round pipe 28, the state in which the round pipe 28 is sandwiched between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion of the high-tensile bolt 21 and the inner surface of the elongated holes 13a, 14a, 15a is not present. It does not occur frequently and the condition does not last long. That is, the frequency of occurrence of a state in which torque is transmitted from the sliding plate 13, the central movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15 to the high-tensile bolt 21 is low. Therefore, it is difficult for torque to be transmitted from the sliding plate 13, the central movable plate 14, and the sliding plate 15 to the high-tensile bolt 21, and the high-tensile bolt 21 and the round pipe 28 can be prevented from rotating together. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the high-tensile bolt 21 from loosening.

丸パイプ２８が可撓性材料からなるものとしてもよい。そのため、丸パイプ２８がボルト孔１７ａ、ボルト孔１６ａ、長孔１５ａ、長孔１４ａ、長孔１３ａ、ボルト孔１２ａ及びボルト孔１１ａの内面に衝突等した場合でも、これらの内面が傷つき難い。 The round pipe 28 may be made of a flexible material. Therefore, even if the round pipe 28 collides with the inner surfaces of the bolt holes 17a, the bolt holes 16a, the elongated holes 15a, the elongated holes 14a, the elongated holes 13a, the bolt holes 12a, and the bolt holes 11a, these inner surfaces are not easily damaged.

丸パイプ２８の素材の例としては、合成樹脂（例えば、フッ素樹脂又はフェノール樹脂）、ゴム、ステンレス鋼又は紙が挙げられる。特に、丸パイプ２８がフッ素樹脂からなる場合、丸パイプ２８の摩擦係数が低い。丸パイプ２８がフェノール樹脂からなる場合、丸パイプ２８の摩擦係数が低い上、丸パイプ２８の耐熱性が高い。丸パイプ２８がステンレス鋼からなる場合、ボルト孔１７ａ、ボルト孔１６ａ、長孔１５ａ、長孔１４ａ、長孔１３ａ、ボルト孔１２ａ及びボルト孔１１ａの傷付きを抑えやすい。 Examples of the material of the round pipe 28 include synthetic resin (for example, fluororesin or phenol resin), rubber, stainless steel or paper. In particular, when the round pipe 28 is made of fluororesin, the friction coefficient of the round pipe 28 is low. When the round pipe 28 is made of phenol resin, the friction coefficient of the round pipe 28 is low and the heat resistance of the round pipe 28 is high. When the round pipe 28 is made of stainless steel, it is easy to suppress damage to the bolt holes 17a, the bolt holes 16a, the elongated holes 15a, the elongated holes 14a, the elongated holes 13a, the bolt holes 12a and the bolt holes 11a.

上記実施形態では、摩擦ダンパー１０が橋梁に利用されたが、他の土木構造物（例えば、高架橋）に用いてもよい。また、摩擦ダンバー１０が建築構造物に利用されてもよい。
上記実施形態では、下部可動板１１、摩擦板１２、滑り板１３、中部可動板１４、滑り板１５、摩擦板１６及び上部可動板１７がこれらの順に積み重ねられ、滑り板１３，１５が中部可動板１４に固定され、摩擦板１２が下部可動板１１に固定され、摩擦板１６が上部可動板１７に固定されていた。それに対して、下部可動板１１、滑り板１３、摩擦板１２、中部可動板１４、摩擦板１６、滑り板１５、上部可動板１７の順にこれらが積み重ねられ、摩擦板１２，１６が中部可動板１４に固定され、滑り板１３が下部可動板１１に固定され、滑り板１５が可動板１７に固定されていてもよい。この場合、摩擦板１２，１６に長孔が形成され、滑り板１３，１５に複数のボルト孔が形成されている。また、この場合、中部可動板１４が特許請求の範囲に記載の第１可動板に相当し、下部可動板１１又は可動板１７が特許請求の範囲に記載の第２可動板に相当する。
また、皿バネ積層体２５の代わりに他の弾性部材を用いてもよい。例えば、ブッシュ２６がコイルスプリングの内側に挿入され、コイルスプリングがブッシュ２６のフランジと座金２４との間に挟まれ、高張力ボルト２１とナット２２の締め付け軸力によってコイルスプリングが圧縮されることによって反力がコイルスプリングから高張力ボルト２１及びナット２２に作用してもよい。
また、皿バネ積層体２５等の弾性部材が設けられず、更に必要に応じてブッシュ２６若しくは座金２７又はこれら両方も設けられていなくてもよい。この場合、高張力ボルト２１とナット２２が座金２３、上部可動板１７、摩擦板１６、滑り板１５、中部可動板１４、滑り板１３、摩擦板１２、下部可動板１１、座金２４、ブッシュ２６及び座金２７（但し、ブッシュ２６若しくは座金２７又はこれら両方が無い場合もある。）を締め付けている。 In the above embodiment, the friction damper 10 is used for the bridge, but it may be used for other civil engineering structures (for example, viaduct). Further, the friction damper 10 may be used for a building structure.
In the above embodiment, the lower movable plate 11, the friction plate 12, the sliding plate 13, the middle movable plate 14, the sliding plate 15, the friction plate 16 and the upper movable plate 17 are stacked in this order, and the sliding plates 13 and 15 are movable in the middle. It was fixed to the plate 14, the friction plate 12 was fixed to the lower movable plate 11, and the friction plate 16 was fixed to the upper movable plate 17. On the other hand, the lower movable plate 11, the sliding plate 13, the friction plate 12, the middle movable plate 14, the friction plate 16, the sliding plate 15, and the upper movable plate 17 are stacked in this order, and the friction plates 12 and 16 are the middle movable plates. It may be fixed to 14, the sliding plate 13 may be fixed to the lower movable plate 11, and the sliding plate 15 may be fixed to the movable plate 17. In this case, elongated holes are formed in the friction plates 12 and 16, and a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the sliding plates 13 and 15. Further, in this case, the central movable plate 14 corresponds to the first movable plate described in the claims, and the lower movable plate 11 or the movable plate 17 corresponds to the second movable plate described in the claims.
Further, another elastic member may be used instead of the disc spring laminate 25. For example, the bush 26 is inserted inside the coil spring, the coil spring is sandwiched between the flange of the bush 26 and the washer 24, and the coil spring is compressed by the tightening axial force of the high tension bolt 21 and the nut 22. The reaction force may act from the coil spring on the high tension bolt 21 and the nut 22.
Further, an elastic member such as the disc spring laminate 25 may not be provided, and if necessary, the bush 26, the washer 27, or both of them may not be provided. In this case, the high tension bolt 21 and the nut 22 are the washer 23, the upper movable plate 17, the friction plate 16, the sliding plate 15, the middle movable plate 14, the sliding plate 13, the friction plate 12, the lower movable plate 11, the washer 24, and the bush 26. And the washer 27 (however, the bush 26 and / or the washer 27 may not be present) are tightened.

１１，１４，１７…可動板
１２，１６…摩擦板
１３，１５…滑り板
１３ａ，１４ａ，１５ａ…長孔
１１ａ，１２ａ，１６ａ，１７ａ…ボルト孔
２８…丸パイプ 11, 14, 17 ... Movable plate 12, 16 ... Friction plate 13, 15 ... Sliding plate 13a, 14a, 15a ... Long hole 11a, 12a, 16a, 17a ... Bolt hole 28 ... Round pipe

Claims (6)

順に重ねられた第１可動板、摩擦板、滑り板及び第２可動板と、
前記第１可動板、前記摩擦板、前記滑り板及び前記第２可動板を締め付ける締結体と、を備え、
前記摩擦板が前記第１可動板に固定され、前記滑り板が前記第２可動板に固定され、前記摩擦板と前記滑り板が相互に摺動可能であり、
前記摩擦板及び前記第１可動板の組と前記滑り板及び前記第２可動板の組とのうち一方の組に長孔が形成され、他方の組にボルト孔が形成され、
前記締結体が、
前記長孔及び前記ボルト孔に挿通されたボルトと、
前記ボルトに螺合したナットと、
前記ボルトが通され、前記長孔及び前記ボルト孔に収容されたパイプと、を有し、
前記パイプは、前記ボルトが前記長孔の長手方向に移動する際の前記ボルトの回転を防止する
摩擦ダンパー。 The first movable plate, the friction plate, the sliding plate and the second movable plate, which are stacked in this order,
The first movable plate, the friction plate, the sliding plate, and a fastening body for tightening the second movable plate are provided.
The friction plate is fixed to the first movable plate, the sliding plate is fixed to the second movable plate, and the friction plate and the sliding plate are slidable to each other.
An elongated hole is formed in one of the set of the friction plate and the first movable plate and the set of the sliding plate and the second movable plate, and a bolt hole is formed in the other set.
The fastener
With the long hole and the bolt inserted into the bolt hole,
The nut screwed into the bolt and
It has a long hole and a pipe housed in the bolt hole through which the bolt is passed.
The pipe is a friction damper that prevents the bolt from rotating when the bolt moves in the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole. 前記パイプが低摩擦係数の材料からなる
請求項１に記載の摩擦ダンパー。 The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the pipe is made of a material having a low coefficient of friction. 前記パイプが合成樹脂からなる
請求項１又は２に記載の摩擦ダンパー。 The friction damper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pipe is made of synthetic resin. 前記パイプが可撓性を有する
請求項１から３の何れか一項に記載の摩擦ダンパー。 The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pipe is flexible. 前記パイプと前記ボルトとの間に遊びが存在する
請求項１から４の何れか一項に記載の摩擦ダンパー。 The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein there is play between the pipe and the bolt. 前記パイプと前記長孔の内面との間に遊びが存在するとともに、前記パイプと前記ボルト孔の内面との間に遊びが存在する
請求項１から５の何れか一項に記載の摩擦ダンパー。 The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein there is play between the pipe and the inner surface of the elongated hole, and there is play between the pipe and the inner surface of the bolt hole.
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JP2003097636A (en) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-03 Daiwa House Ind Co Ltd Friction damper
JP2007024259A (en) * 2005-07-20 2007-02-01 Shimizu Corp Friction damper device and its installation method
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114961007A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-08-30 上海史狄尔建筑减震科技有限公司 Multi-order sliding friction type damper and connecting structure thereof

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