JP5262420B2 - Friction damper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce cost and the size of a friction damper 10a. <P>SOLUTION: This friction damper 10a is arranged between a pair of members relatively moving in the predetermined direction in a building frame 1, and restrains the relative movement by frictional force of mutual pressure contact plates sliding in response to the relative movement, and has the first pressure contact plate 11(11a) arranged in one member 51 of the pair of members 51 an 52, the second pressure contact plate 21 arranged in the other member 52 of the pair of members 51 and 52, the third pressure contact plate 31(31a) for sandwiching the first pressure contact plate 11(11a) from both surfaces by predetermined pressure contact force with the second pressure contact plate 21, a bolt member 41b arranged by being inserted into a second through-hole 23 of the second pressure contact plate 21 and a third through-hole 33 of the third pressure contact plate 31(31a) on the outside of a side surface of the first pressure contact plate for applying the pressure contact force, and a pipe member 47 arranged by being inserted into the second through-hole 23 and the third through-hole 33 while inserting the bolt member 41b inside. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction damper that suppresses vibration of a building frame.

  Friction dampers that attenuate the vibration of building frames are known. The friction damper is disposed between a pair of steel members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction in the building frame, and suppresses the relative movement by the frictional force between the pressure plates that slide with the relative movement. is there.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the friction damper 10d, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the friction damper 10d in FIG. In this example, the friction damper 10 d is provided on a web of H-section steel that constitutes the brace 5 of the column beam frame 1. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the friction damper 10d includes a first pressure contact plate 11 bolted to a web 51W of one brace segment 51 obtained by dividing the brace 5 into two parts, and the other brace part. A second press-contact plate 21 in which the web 52W of the piece 52 is used as it is, and a third press-contact plate 31 that sandwiches the first press-contact plate 11 from both sides with a predetermined press-contact force by the second press-contact plate 21. ing. The pressure contact force is provided through the first through hole 13 of the first pressure contact plate 11, the second through hole 23 of the second pressure contact plate 21, and the third through hole 33 of the third pressure contact plate 31. The nut 41n is screwed and fastened to the bolt 41b, and is provided between the head of the bolt 41b and the second press contact plate 21 in order to stabilize the press contact force, and A disc spring 43 is interposed between the nut 41 n and the third press-contact plate 31. Further, the first through hole 13 is formed as a long hole that is long in the predetermined direction, whereby the second press-contacting plate according to the relative movement between the one brace piece 51 and the other brace piece 52. 21 and the third press contact plate 31 are configured to be slidable in the predetermined direction with respect to the first press contact plate 11, and as a result, the relative movement is suppressed by the frictional force Ff at the time of the slide, and the column beam frame 1. Is damped (see Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-352113 A

  By the way, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 2, the second press contact plate 21 and the third press contact plate 31 provided in the other brace segment 52 have separate fastening portions 55 in addition to the bolts 41b and nuts 41n. The fastening portion 55 is integrally connected and fixed so as not to move relative to each other. As a result, an external force P from the other brace segment 52 (second press contact plate 21) is applied to the third press contact plate 31 via the fastening portion 55, thereby causing the third press contact plate 31 to The first press contact plate 11 is slid in conjunction with the press contact plate 21.

  Here, the reason why such a fastening portion 55 is provided is not to apply a shearing force Fs as shown in FIG. 2 to the bolt 41b, and only a bolt axial force is applied to the bolt 41b. It was because it was made. In other words, this is because the bolt 41 b does not transmit the force in the predetermined direction between the second pressure contact plate 21 and the third pressure contact plate 31.

  However, when such a fastening portion 55 is provided, not only the number of parts of the friction damper 10 is increased, but also a region for arranging the fastening portion 55 must be secured with respect to the third pressure contact plate 31. The size reduction of the pressure contact plate 31 is also prevented. As a result, cost reduction and downsizing of the friction damper 10 are hindered.

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a friction damper capable of reducing the cost and reducing the size.

In order to achieve this object, the friction damper shown in claim 1 is:
A friction damper that is disposed between a pair of members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction in a building frame, and that suppresses the relative movement by a frictional force between pressure-contact plates that slide with the relative movement,
A first pressure contact plate provided on one member side of the pair of members;
A second pressure contact plate provided on the other member side of the pair of members;
A third pressure contact plate that sandwiches the first pressure contact plate from both sides with a predetermined pressure contact force with the second pressure contact plate;
A bolt member provided through the second through hole of the second press contact plate and the third through hole of the third press contact plate on the outside of the side surface of the first press contact plate in order to apply the press contact force;
A pipe member that is provided through the second through hole and the third through hole while inserting the bolt member inside, on the outside of the side surface of the first pressure contact plate,
The third pressure contact plate is slid in the predetermined direction relative to the first pressure contact plate in conjunction with the sliding of the second pressure contact plate in the predetermined direction with respect to the first pressure contact plate. Force is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the third pressure contact plate through engagement with the second through hole and the third through hole of the pipe member ,
A plate member having a hole having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe member is fixed around the third through hole of the third pressure contact plate so that the hole matches the third through hole. ,
The friction damper is characterized in that the bolt member is passed through the hole .

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the force for sliding the third pressure contact plate in conjunction with the second pressure contact plate is the force between the second through hole and the third through hole of the pipe member. It is transmitted from the second press contact plate to the third press contact plate through engagement. Therefore, the fastening portion for fastening and fixing the third pressure contact plate to the second pressure contact plate can be omitted, and the size of the third pressure contact plate can be reduced along with the omission, and as a result, the cost of the friction damper is reduced. In addition, downsizing can be achieved.

The force for sliding the third pressure contact plate is from the second pressure contact plate to the third pressure contact plate through engagement with the second through hole and the third through hole of the pipe member. Therefore, there is almost no shearing force acting on the bolt member, and the bolt member can be used exclusively for applying a pressing force, and the soundness can be maintained high. Further, the pipe member can be effectively prevented from falling off from the third through hole.

The invention shown in claim 2 is the friction damper according to claim 1,
The friction damper is characterized in that a gap is formed between the pipe member and the bolt member.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the force for sliding the third pressure contact plate is completely prevented from being input to the bolt member, the shearing force acts on the bolt member. Can be surely prevented.

The invention according to claim 3 is the friction damper according to claim 1 or 2,
A sliding plate or a friction plate is fixed to both surfaces of the first pressure contact plate,
In the second press contact plate and the third press contact plate, a friction plate is fixed to a surface of the first press contact plate that faces the sliding plate, while a slide surface of the first press contact plate faces the friction plate. The board is fixed,
The friction damper is characterized in that the friction force is generated by sliding between the sliding plate and the friction plate.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, a frictional force can be reliably generated by sliding between the first pressure contact plate, the second pressure contact plate, and the third pressure contact plate.

Invention of Claim 4 is the friction damper in any one of Claims 1-3,
A nut that is screwed to the tip of the bolt member, and applies the pressure contact force to the first pressure contact plate, the second pressure contact plate, and the third pressure contact plate by the head of the bolt member;
A disc spring is inserted between at least one of the head and the press contact plate adjacent to the head, and between the nut and the press contact plate adjacent to the nut,
The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein a resilient force of the disc spring is applied to the first pressure contact plate, the second pressure contact plate, and the third pressure contact plate as the pressure contact force.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the pressing force is applied by a constant elastic force due to the characteristics of the non-linear region of the disc spring, an error in setting the pressing force and an influence due to wear of the pressing plate are affected. The size of the pressure contact force can be stabilized, for example, it can be reduced.

Invention of Claim 5 is the friction damper in any one of Claims 1-4 , Comprising:
A plate member having a hole portion having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe member is fixed around the second through hole of the second pressure contact plate so that the hole portion matches the second through hole. ,
The friction damper is characterized in that the bolt member is passed through the hole.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pipe member can effectively prevent the pipe member from falling out of the second through hole.

Invention of Claim 6 is a friction damper in any one of Claims 1-5 , Comprising:
The first pressure contact plate is connected to at least one of the second pressure contact plate and the third pressure contact plate so as to contact a side surface that does not face the second pressure contact plate and the third pressure contact plate. A friction damper comprising a guide member.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the sliding direction of the first pressure contact plate relative to the second pressure contact plate and the third pressure contact plate can be reliably guided in the predetermined direction.

Invention shown in claim 7, a friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
In the friction damper, the size of the clearance gap between the second through hole and the third through hole and the pipe member is an arbitrary value in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm. is there.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the size of the gap between the second through hole and the third through hole is set to an arbitrary value in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm. The second pressure contact plate transmits force for sliding the third pressure contact plate while facilitating the insertion operation of the pipe member into the second through hole and the third through hole in the second pressure contact plate. It can be done reliably.

Invention of Claim 8 is the friction damper in any one of Claims 1-6 ,
The friction damper is characterized in that a gap is formed between the pipe member and the second through hole in the predetermined direction.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, a gap is formed between the pipe member and the second through hole in the predetermined direction. Therefore, when the relative movement amount of the pair of members is smaller than the gap, the pipe member does not engage with the second through hole, and thereby the force for sliding the third press contact plate is It is not transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the third pressure contact plate. As a result, only the second pressure contact plate slides with respect to the first pressure contact plate, and the third pressure contact plate does not slide. Thus, vibration with a small relative movement amount, that is, vibration due to a small external force is generated. On the other hand, the friction damper generates a small frictional force, which enables the frictional damper to effectively dampen vibration caused by a small external force by the small frictional force.

  On the other hand, when the relative movement amount is larger than the size of the gap, the pipe member is engaged with the second through hole. Therefore, the force for sliding the third pressure contact plate is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the third pressure contact plate through the engagement of the pipe member with the second through hole and the third through hole. Thus, the third pressure contact plate slides relative to the first pressure contact plate in conjunction with the second pressure contact plate. As a result, the friction damper generates a large frictional force against vibrations with a large relative movement, that is, vibrations with a large external force. Can be attenuated.

  In summary, according to this friction damper, it is possible to generate a frictional force of an appropriate magnitude according to the magnitude of both large and small external forces and dampen the vibration. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a separate friction damper according to the size, and as a result, the cost and size of the friction damper can be reduced.

The invention shown in claim 9 is the friction damper according to claim 8 ,
The friction damper is characterized in that a friction coefficient when sliding with respect to the first pressure contact plate is different between the second pressure contact plate and the third pressure contact plate.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the magnitude of the frictional force to be generated when a large external force is applied and the magnitude of the frictional force to be generated when a small external force is applied are expressed as follows: By adjusting the friction coefficient of the third pressure contact plate, it can be set almost independently, and the degree of freedom in setting the magnitude of the frictional force is excellent.

The invention shown in claim 10 is the friction damper according to claim 8 or 9 ,
The size of the gap between the pipe member with respect to the predetermined direction is smaller in the third through hole than in the second through hole,
The size of the gap in the third through hole is an arbitrary value in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the third through hole is smaller than the second through hole, and the size of the gap between the third through holes is in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm. Since it is an arbitrary value, it is possible to transmit the force for sliding the third pressure contact plate while facilitating the insertion work of the pipe member into the second through hole and the third through hole at the time of construction. This can be reliably performed from the second pressure contact plate to the third pressure contact plate.

  According to the friction damper according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost and the size of the friction damper.

=== Friction Damper 10 of First Embodiment ===
FIG. 3A is a top view of the friction damper 10 of the first embodiment applied to the brace 5 of the column beam structure 1 of the building, and FIG. 3B is a side view of the friction damper 10. Moreover, FIG. 3C is an AA arrow view of FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3D is a BB arrow view of FIG. 3A. 4X, FIG. 4Y, and FIG. 4Z are respectively a view taken along arrows XX, a view taken along arrows YY, and a view taken along arrows ZZ in FIG. 3B.

  Similar to the example of FIG. 1 described above, the friction damper 10 of the first embodiment is also incorporated in the brace 5 of the column beam frame 1. That is, the brace 5 in which the friction damper 10 is incorporated is also divided at an appropriate position so as to be spaced from each other by a distance S1, thereby forming a pair of brace segments 51 and 52 (corresponding to a pair of members) as shown in FIG. 3A. Thus, the brace segment 51, 52 can be moved relative to each other in the bridging direction of the brace 5 (corresponding to a predetermined direction, hereinafter also referred to as the brace bridging direction) by the interval S1. Yes. In the friction damper 10, the first pressure contact plate 11 bolted to the web 51W of one brace segment 51 via a filler plate (not shown) and the web 52W of the other brace segment 52 are used as they are. A second press-contact plate 21 and a third press-contact plate 31 that sandwiches the first press-contact plate 11 from both the front and back surfaces with a predetermined press-contact force in the plate thickness direction. In addition, the surface where the 1st press contact plate 11 and the 2nd press contact plate 21 mutually oppose, and the surface where the 1st press contact plate 11 and the 3rd press contact plate 31 oppose each other are each called a press contact surface.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 4X to 4Z, a stainless plate as an example of the sliding plate 15 is fixed to the front and back surfaces of the first pressure contact plate 11 so as not to move. Friction plates 25, 35 are fixed to the respective surfaces of the second pressure-contact plate 21 and the third pressure-contact plate 31, which face 15, so as not to move. As the fixing method, for example, (1) a method by adhesion, (2) surface roughness increasing treatment for each surface constituting the fixing surface (first pressing plate 11, second pressing plate 21, third pressing) Plate 31, sliding plate 15 and friction plates 25, 35 with rough surfaces, shot blasting, etc.) to prevent relative slippage on the fixed surface, and (3) fitting method. It is done.

  On the other hand, the second pressure contact plate 21 protrudes in the outer side direction of the first pressure contact plate 11 at the friction damper portion, and has, for example, a T shape as shown in FIGS. 3A and 4Y. Further, the third pressure contact plate 31 protrudes toward the outer side of the side surface of the first pressure contact plate 11 in response to the protrusion of the second pressure contact plate 21. Furthermore, the 2nd through-hole 23 and the 3rd through-hole 33 are provided in the part which the 2nd press-contact board 21 and the 3rd press-contact board 31 protruded, respectively. And the 2nd through-hole 23 and the 3rd through-hole 33 are penetrated and formed in the plate | board thickness direction at the 2nd press-contact plate 21 and the 3rd press-contact plate 31, respectively. In addition, about the 2nd through-hole 23 and the 3rd through-hole 33 which are not visible when the friction damper 10 is seen from a side surface, it represents with a dotted line as a perspective view in FIG. 3B.

  Further, outside the side surface (the surface that is not the pressure contact surface) of the first pressure contact plate 11, the through holes 23 and 33 are skewered into a steel round pipe 47 (a pipe having a round cross section, "Corresponding to" pipe member "in the range" is passed, and further, a high-strength bolt 41b (corresponding to "bolt member" in the claims) is passed through the round pipe 47 along the tube axis direction. ing. And the nut 41n is screwed by the front-end | tip part of this high strength volt | bolt 41b, The 1st press contact plate 11 is the 2nd press contact plate 21, the 3rd press contact plate 31, and these high strength bolt 41b and the nut 41n. Thus, the pressure contact force for pinching is applied in the plate thickness direction.

  Therefore, by this pressure contact force, the friction plate 25 of the second pressure contact plate 21 and the friction plate 35 of the third pressure contact plate 31 are brought into contact with the sliding plate 15 of the first pressure contact plate 11, and the pressure contact force is applied during sliding. A corresponding friction force Ff is generated (see FIG. 3C). The frictional force Ff becomes a damping force for vibration of the column beam frame 1. A disc spring 43 is interposed between the head of the high-strength bolt 41 b and the second press-contact plate 21 and between the nut 41 n and the third press-contact plate 31. The magnitude of the pressure contact force is stabilized by the generated force (see FIG. 3D).

  By the way, in order to guide the sliding of the first press contact plate 11 with respect to the second press contact plate 21 and the third press contact plate 31 in the brace extending direction (corresponding to “predetermined direction” in the claims), the second press contact plate The guide member 17 may be provided between the first pressure contact plate 21 and the third pressure contact plate 31. The guide member 17 is fixed to at least one of the second press contact plate 21 and the third press contact plate 31. FIG. 3E is an AA arrow view of FIG. 3A when the guide member 17 is provided. As shown in the figure, the guide member 17 is, for example, a guide plate, and is fixed to at least one of the second press contact plate 21 and the third press contact plate 31 at a position in contact with the sliding first press contact plate 11. Is done. The guide member 17 is not limited to the guide plate, and may be a guide pin, for example.

  Further, the second through hole 23 of the second press contact plate 21 and the third through hole 33 of the third press contact plate 31 have the smallest clearance S2 formed between the round pipe 47 and the brace extending direction. (See FIGS. 4Y and 4Z).

  The reason for this is that in the present invention, the second pressure contact plate 21 slides with respect to the first pressure contact plate 11 through the contact engagement between the round pipe 47 and the second through hole 23 and the third through hole 33. This is because the third pressure contact plate 31 is made to slide in conjunction with the above.

  Specifically, when the column beam frame 1 vibrates, as shown in FIG. 3B, in the second press-contact plate 21 as the other brace divided piece 52, the external force P accompanying the vibration is directly applied from the column beam frame 1. As a result, the second pressure contact plate 21 slides with respect to the first pressure contact plate 11, and the friction force Ff is generated by this sliding to be the damping force of the vibration. In this case, it is not directly connected to the other brace divided piece 52, and therefore, it is necessary to apply a force required for sliding from the second pressure contact plate 21 through the round pipe 47. .

  That is, as shown in FIG. 3B, the partial force of the external force P acting on the second pressure contact plate 21 is a support pressure Fp due to contact engagement between the round pipe 47 and the inner peripheral surface of the second through hole 23. Is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate 21 to the round pipe 47, and the support pressure Fp transmitted to the round pipe 47 undergoes a form of a shearing force Fs in the round pipe 47, and then the round pipe 47 and the third penetration It is transmitted to the third press contact plate 31 by contact engagement with the inner peripheral surface of the hole 33, and as a result, the third press contact plate 31 slides with respect to the first press contact plate 11 by the transmitted support pressure Fp. To do. Along with this sliding, a frictional force Ff is generated between the third press contact plate 31 and the first press contact plate 11 and contributes to the attenuation of the vibration.

  Therefore, it is desirable that the diameters of the second through hole 23 and the third through hole 33 be as small as possible without causing a problem in passing the round pipe 47 during construction. For example, when the round pipe 47 is inserted, The clearance S2 with the round pipe 47 is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm in the brace extending direction. If it does so, it will become possible to transmit the supporting pressure Fp required for sliding to the 3rd press-contacting plate 31 reliably, making the round pipe passing operation | work at the time of construction easy.

  Incidentally, in the ideal state in which the gap S2 is set to zero, the friction damper 10 exhibits vibration energy absorption history characteristics as shown in FIG. This graph is a graph obtained by forcibly oscillating with a predetermined amplitude δ0 in the brace spanning direction. The horizontal axis represents the relative displacement δ in the brace spanning direction, and the vertical axis represents the friction damper 10. The total sum ΣFf of the frictional forces to be performed is shown.

Here, the frictional force Ff0 in the graph is expressed by the following equation when the friction coefficient between the sliding plate 15 and the friction plates 25 and 35 is μ and the pressure contact force is N.
Ff0 = 2 × μ × N
The numerical value “2” in the above equation means that the friction damper 10 is a two-surface friction friction damper having two sliding surfaces that generate the frictional force Ff (= μ × N). is there. Needless to say, the shearing force Fs, the supporting pressure Fp, the frictional force Ff, and the external force P in FIG. 3B are in the following balanced relationship.
Fs = Fp = Ff
P = 2 × Ff

  By the way, it is desirable to provide a gap between the high-strength bolt 41b and the round pipe 47 as shown in FIG. 3B, and more desirably, the size G of the gap is a limit state assumed in the design (for example, The round pipe 47 in a deformed state up to the elastic limit) may be sized so that the inner peripheral surface of the round pipe 47 and the high-strength bolt 41b do not contact each other. And if it sets in this way, since the supporting pressure Fp for sliding the 3rd press-contacting plate 31 acts only on the round pipe 47, it does not act on the high strength bolt 41b. It becomes possible to maintain a high state.

  Further, desirably, as shown in FIG. 3B, the total length of the round pipe 47 is set to such a length that both ends in the tube axis direction do not protrude outward from the third through hole 33 and the second through hole 23. At the same time, a thin plate 45 (corresponding to a plate member) with a hole 45a is fixed to the surface of the third pressure contact plate 31 on the disc spring 43 side and the surface of the second pressure contact plate 21 on the disc spring 43 side. The hole diameters of the holes 45a and 45a of the thin plates 45 and 45 may be set smaller than the outer diameter of the round pipe 47. In this way, since the round pipe 47 is restricted from moving in the tube axis direction by the thin plates 45, 45, the dropout of the round pipe 47 from the third through hole 33 and the second through hole 23 is reliably prevented. The In addition, if these thin plates 45 and 45 are comprised with a raw material with a low friction coefficient, or coat with the same material, abrasion of the corner | angular part of the disc spring 43 which contact | abuts these thin plates 45 and 45 can be reduced.

=== Friction Damper 10a of Second Embodiment ===
In the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D, a sliding surface that generates frictional force by sandwiching the front and back surfaces of the first pressure contact plate 11 between the second pressure contact plate 21 and the third pressure contact plate 31. The two-surface friction friction damper 10 having two surfaces is illustrated, but the friction damper 10a of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is different in that it is a four-surface friction friction damper having four sliding surfaces. To do. That is, one first press contact plate 11a is added to be two, and accordingly, one third press contact plate 31a is also added to be two. Here, for convenience of explanation, the first pressure contact plate that is additionally provided is indicated by reference numeral 11a, and the third pressure contact plate that is additionally provided is indicated by reference numeral 31a. The first press contact plate 11 and the third press contact plate 31 of the first embodiment are members having exactly the same specifications.

  The friction damper 10a according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6. First, in the friction damper 10a according to the second embodiment, the web 51W of the brace segment 51 to which the first press contact plate 11 is bolted in the first embodiment is described. The first pressure contact plate 11a is bolted separately not only on one side but also on the opposite surface via the filler plate 53, and this additional first pressure contact plate 11a is connected to the first embodiment of the first embodiment. A third pressure contact plate 31 a is newly provided to be sandwiched between the second pressure contact plates 21. Further, the third press-contact plate 31a that is additionally installed also protrudes toward the outer side of the side surface of the first press-contact plate 11 in response to the press-out of the second press-contact plate 21, and the protruding portion of the third press-contact plate 31a The third through hole 33 is formed in a perfect circle of the same specification. Furthermore, the round pipe 47 and the high-strength bolt 41b that are passed through the second and third through holes 23 and 33 of the first embodiment are inserted into the third through holes 33, and the nuts 41n at the tip ends thereof. It is concluded.

  Therefore, a sliding surface is newly formed between the second pressure contact plate 21 and the additionally provided first pressure contact plate 11a, and the additionally provided first pressure contact plate 11a and the additionally provided third pressure contact plate 11a. A new sliding surface is also formed between the pressure contact plate 31a and the four-surface friction friction damper 10a having two sliding surfaces more than the two-surface friction friction damper 10 of the first embodiment. Has been achieved.

  Incidentally, this additional third pressure contact plate 31 a also applies a support pressure Fp for sliding against the first pressure contact plate 11 a to the round pipe 47, the third through hole 33, and the second through hole 23. Needless to say, it is applied from the second press contact plate 21 through the contact engagement.

  Further, since the friction damper 10a of the second embodiment is a four-surface friction, even under the action of a pressure contact force equivalent to the first embodiment of the two-surface friction described above, it is twice as large as the first embodiment. Therefore, it is possible to output a large frictional force ΣFf for a compact size.

  Further, in the friction damper 10a of the second embodiment, the first press contact plate 11 and the first press contact plate 11a are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second press contact plate 21, and the third press contact plate 31 and the third press contact plate 31a. The pressure contact plate 31 a is also arranged symmetrically with respect to the second pressure contact plate 21. Therefore, the support pressure Fp can be allocated and applied almost evenly from the second pressure contact plate 21 to the third pressure contact plates 31 and 31a, and as a result, the vibration damping function can be stabilized.

  FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate friction dampers 10b and 10c configured to be 6-surface friction and 8-surface friction, respectively. However, it is clear that the configurations of the friction dampers 10b and 10c can be obtained by the same method as described above, that is, by additionally installing the first press contact plate 11a and the third press contact plate 31a. Detailed description is omitted. In addition, also in the friction dampers 10b and 10c of these 6-surface friction and 8-surface friction, the additionally installed third pressure contact plate 31a has a support pressure Fp for sliding with respect to the first pressure contact plates 11 and 11a. Needless to say, it is applied from the second pressure contact plate 21 through contact engagement between the round pipe 47 and the third through hole 33 and the second through hole 23.

=== Friction Damper 10 of Third Embodiment ===
FIG. 9A is an arrow view showing a part corresponding to the BB arrow view of FIG. 3A in the third embodiment, and FIGS. 9B and 9C show characteristic parts of the third embodiment. It is explanatory drawing seen from the side.

  In the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 3D, it is desirable that the diameter of the second through hole be as small as possible within a range where there is no problem in passing the round pipe 47 during construction. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9A, a gap S23 having a size e is formed between the second through hole 23 and the round pipe 47 in the brace bridging direction. Is set to The size e of the gap S23 is determined in consideration of the relative movement amount between the brace fragments 51 and 52 assumed when a wind load is applied to the column beam frame 1, and for example, the relative movement. It is set to a value that is the same as or slightly larger than the assumed value of the quantity.

  And if it becomes like this, it generate | occur | produces not only with respect to the big external force P at the time of an earthquake, but generate | occur | produces an appropriately big frictional force with respect to the small external force P like a wind load, and vibrates. Therefore, if at least one friction damper 10 is provided, the vibration of the column beam frame 1 can be effectively damped both during an earthquake and under the action of a wind load.

  Details are as follows. First, under the action of the wind load shown in FIG. 9B, since the external force P is also small, the relative movement amount between the brace fragments 51 and 52 is also small. Further, as described above, the size e of the gap S23 between the round pipe 47 and the second through hole 23 is set larger than the relative movement amount in the brace bridging direction assumed under the action of the wind load. Has been. Therefore, even if the column beam frame 1 vibrates, the round pipe 47 only moves relatively in the gap S23 and does not contact and engage with the inner peripheral surface of the second through-hole 23. A force in the direction of bracing is not applied from the second pressure contact plate 21 to the round pipe 47, and the force is inevitably used as the support pressure Fp for sliding the third pressure contact plate 31. Is not transmitted to the third pressure contact plate 31. As a result, a state is created in which only the second pressure contact plate 21 slides with respect to the first pressure contact plate 11 and the third pressure contact plate 31 does not slide, and therefore, vibration with a small relative movement amount, that is, a small external force. As shown in FIG. 9B, the friction damper 10 generates a small frictional force (= 1 × Ff) with respect to the vibration due to P. Accordingly, the friction damper 10 is caused by the small external force P due to the wind load. The vibration can be effectively damped by the corresponding small frictional force (= 1 × Ff).

On the other hand, since the external force P is large in the event of an earthquake, the relative movement amount between the brace segments 51 and 52 is larger than the size e of the gap S23 between the round pipe 47 and the second through hole 23. Accordingly, with the relative movement, the round pipe 47 comes into contact with and engages with the inner peripheral surface of the second through hole 23 as shown in FIG. 9C. Then, the support pressure Fp due to this abutting engagement, after passing through the form of the shearing force Fs in the round pipe 47, is then contacted with the inner peripheral surface of the third through-hole 33 of the round pipe 47, and the second pressure contacting plate. 21 is transmitted from the first pressure contact plate 31 to the third pressure contact plate 31, and the transmitted support pressure Fp acts to slide the third pressure contact plate 31, whereby the third pressure contact plate 21 is interlocked with the second pressure contact plate 21. 31 also slides with respect to the first pressure contact plate 11. As a result, the friction damper 10 generates a large frictional force (= 2 × Ff) as shown in FIG. 9C for vibration with a large relative movement amount, that is, vibration with a large external force P. The friction damper 10 can effectively dampen the vibration caused by the large external force P at the time of the earthquake by the corresponding large friction force (= 2 × Ff). Incidentally, the shearing force Fs, the supporting pressure Fp, the frictional force Ff, and the external force P in FIG. 9C are in the following balanced relationship.
Fs = Fp = Ff
P = 2 × Ff

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the vibration energy absorption history characteristics of the friction damper 10. This graph is a graph obtained by forcibly oscillating with a predetermined amplitude δ1 or amplitude δ2 in the brace spanning direction. The horizontal axis indicates the relative displacement δ in the brace spanning direction, and the vertical axis indicates the friction. A sum ΣFf of frictional forces generated by the damper 10 is shown. The amplitude δ1 is an assumed amplitude amount at the time of an earthquake, and the amplitude δ2 is an assumed amplitude amount under the action of a wind load.

In FIG. 10, under the action of the wind load indicated by the square ABCD, as described above, only the second pressure contact plate 21 of the friction damper 10 slides and the third pressure contact plate 31 does not slide. One side. Therefore, when the friction coefficient between the sliding plate 15 and the friction plate 25 is μ0 and the pressure contact force is N, the total friction force ΣFf generated by the friction damper 10 at this time is expressed by the following equation a.
ΣFf = 1 × Ff
= 1 × μ0 × N (Formula a)

On the other hand, at the time of an earthquake, not only the second pressure contact plate 21 but also the third pressure contact plate 31 slide, so that there are two sliding surfaces. Therefore, the sum ΣFf of the frictional force generated by the friction damper 10 in that case is twice as large as that under the wind load action, as indicated by the line segment HI and the line segment LE in the polygon EFGHIJKL in FIG. That is, it is expressed as the following formula b.
ΣFf = 2 × Ff
= 2 × μ0 × N (Formula b)

  As shown in FIG. 10, in the range FG, JK of the magnitude E from the folding position F or J in the relative movement direction in the polygon EFGHIJKL, the sum ΣFf of the generated frictional force is expressed by the above equation b However, in this range FG, JK, the reason is that the third pressure contact plate 31 is in relation to the first pressure contact plate 11 based on the action of the gap S23. It is because it will be in the state which does not slide.

  By the way, in the above description, the friction plate 25 of the second pressure contact plate 21 and the friction plate 35 of the third pressure contact plate 31 are based on the same material, that is, the friction coefficient between the sliding plate 15 of the first pressure contact plate 11 is mutually equal. Although the description has been made on the assumption that they are the same μ0, in this case, as described above, the total friction force ΣFf (= 1 × Ff) under the action of wind load is the total friction force ΣFf (= 2 × Ff) during an earthquake. ), And the friction damper 10 becomes difficult to design.

  With regard to this point, if the materials of the friction plate 25 and the friction plate 35 are different from each other, the friction coefficient when the second pressure contact plate 21 slides with respect to the first pressure contact plate 11 and the friction when the third pressure contact plate 31 slides. The friction coefficients can be made different from each other. As a result, the above constraint conditions can be solved and the friction damper 10 can be easily designed.

  Furthermore, it is desirable to provide a gap between the high-strength bolt 41b and the round pipe 47 as shown in FIG. 3B, and more desirably, the size G of the gap is a limit state assumed in the design (for example, The round pipe 47 in a deformed state up to the elastic limit) may be sized so that the inner peripheral surface of the round pipe 47 and the high-strength bolt 41b do not contact each other. And if it sets in this way, since the supporting pressure Fp for sliding the 3rd press-contacting plate 31 acts only on the round pipe 47, it does not act on the high strength bolt 41b. It becomes possible to maintain a high state.

  In the above, the third embodiment has been described as a modification of the first embodiment. However, since it is obvious that the third embodiment can be implemented as a modification of the second embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

=== Other Embodiments ===
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, The deformation | transformation as shown below is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  In the above-described embodiment, the friction damper 10 is incorporated in the web of the brace 5 of the column beam frame 1. However, the invention is not limited to this, and may be incorporated in the flange of the brace 5. You may incorporate in parts other than the brace 5 (for example, a stud, a partition wall, etc.). That is, any pair of members that move relative to each other when the column beam frame 1 of the building vibrates can be installed between them.

  In the above-described embodiment, the steel round pipe 47 is exemplified as an example of the pipe member. However, the steel round pipe 47 has a proof strength that can withstand the assumed shearing force Fs, and the high strength bolt 41b can be inserted inside. If there is, the shape and material are not limited to this. For example, the shape may be a rectangular pipe with a rectangular cross section, and the material may be a non-ferrous metal such as aluminum or a non-metal such as resin.

  In the above-described embodiment, a configuration in which only a total of two round pipes 47 into which the high-strength bolts 41b for applying the pressing force are inserted are provided on both sides of the second pressing plate 21 and the third pressing plate 31 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, if the supporting pressure Fp for sliding the third pressure contact plate 31 from the second pressure contact plate 21 to the third pressure contact plate 31 is transmitted only through the round pipe 47, the high-strength bolt The number of round pipes 47 through which 41b is inserted may be plural on both sides. As an example of installation in that case, arranging a plurality of lines along the brace bridging direction, arranging a plurality of lines along the plate width direction orthogonal to both the brace bridging direction and the plate thickness direction, and the like. Further, the number of high-strength bolts 41b arranged on both sides may be asymmetric, for example, only one on one side.

  In the above-described embodiment, the material of the friction plates 25 and 35 has not been described in detail. However, any material that generates an appropriate frictional force with the sliding plate 15 such as a stainless steel plate can be applied. For example, when the sliding plate 15 is a stainless steel plate, the friction plates 25 and 35 include fiber materials such as aramid fiber, glass fiber, vinylon fiber, carbon fiber, cashew dust, lead, etc. with a thermosetting resin as a binder. And a friction material mainly composed of a friction modifier and a filler such as sulfate sulfate. As the friction plates 25 and 35, the above-described friction material may be used alone, or a friction material with a steel plate or the like lined up to increase the strength may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment, the friction dampers 10, 10a, 10b, and 10c having two, four, six, and eight surface frictions are exemplified. However, the number of sliding surfaces is not limited to this, and 2 × n. Needless to say, the surface friction (n is an integer of 5 or more) may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first pressure contact plate 11 is provided with a stainless steel plate as an example of the sliding plate 15, and the second pressure contact plate 21 and the third pressure contact plate 31 are provided with the friction plate 25 and the friction plate 35. However, the arrangement relationship may be reversed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the disc spring 43 is inserted between both the head of the high-strength bolt 41b and the second press contact plate 21 and between the nut 41n and the third press contact plate 31, respectively. You may install only in either.

It is explanatory drawing of the friction damper 10d integrated in the brace 5 of the column beam frame 1. FIG. It is a side view of the friction damper 10d in FIG. It is a top view of friction damper 10 of a 1st embodiment. 1 is a side view of a friction damper 10. FIG. It is AA arrow line view of FIG. 3A. It is a BB arrow line view of Drawing 3A. It is AA arrow line view of FIG. 3A at the time of providing the guide member 17. FIG. It is XX arrow line view in FIG. 3B. It is a YY arrow line view in FIG. 3B. It is a ZZ arrow line view in Drawing 3B. This is a vibration energy absorption history characteristic of the friction damper 10. It is explanatory drawing of the friction damper 10a of 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the friction damper 10b comprised as 6 surface friction as other embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the friction damper 10c comprised to 8 surface friction as other embodiment. It is an arrow line view which shows the part corresponded to the BB arrow line view of FIG. 3A about 3rd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing seen from the side surface which shows the characteristic part of 3rd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing seen from the side surface which shows the characteristic part of 3rd Embodiment. 4 is a graph showing vibration energy absorption history characteristics of the friction damper 10.

Explanation of symbols

1 column beam frame, 5 braces, 10 friction dampers,
10a Friction damper, 10b Friction damper,
10c friction damper, 10d friction damper,
11 first pressure contact plate, 11a first pressure contact plate, 13 first through hole,
15 sliding plate, 21 second pressure contact plate, 23 second through hole, 25 friction plate,
31 3rd press contact plate, 31a 3rd press contact plate, 33 3rd through-hole,
35 friction plate, 41b high strength bolt (bolt member), 41n nut,
43 disc spring, 45 thin plate (plate member), 45a hole,
47 Round pipe (pipe member),
51 One brace piece, 51W web,
52 other brace piece, 52W web,
53 filler plate, 55 fastening part,
Ff friction force, Fs shear force, P external force, Fp support pressure,
S1 interval, S2 gap

Claims (10)

A friction damper that is disposed between a pair of members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction in a building frame, and that suppresses the relative movement by a frictional force between pressure-contact plates that slide with the relative movement,
A first pressure contact plate provided on one member side of the pair of members;
A second pressure contact plate provided on the other member side of the pair of members;
A third pressure contact plate that sandwiches the first pressure contact plate from both sides with a predetermined pressure contact force with the second pressure contact plate;
A bolt member provided through the second through hole of the second press contact plate and the third through hole of the third press contact plate on the outside of the side surface of the first press contact plate in order to apply the press contact force;
A pipe member that is provided through the second through hole and the third through hole while inserting the bolt member inside, on the outside of the side surface of the first pressure contact plate,
The third pressure contact plate is slid in the predetermined direction relative to the first pressure contact plate in conjunction with the sliding of the second pressure contact plate in the predetermined direction with respect to the first pressure contact plate. Force is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the third pressure contact plate through engagement with the second through hole and the third through hole of the pipe member ,
A plate member having a hole having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe member is fixed around the third through hole of the third pressure contact plate so that the hole matches the third through hole. ,
The friction damper , wherein the bolt member is passed through the hole . The friction damper according to claim 1,
A friction damper, wherein a gap is formed between the pipe member and the bolt member. The friction damper according to claim 1 or 2,
A sliding plate or a friction plate is fixed to both surfaces of the first pressure contact plate,
In the second press contact plate and the third press contact plate, a friction plate is fixed to a surface of the first press contact plate that faces the sliding plate, while a slide surface of the first press contact plate faces the friction plate. The board is fixed,
The friction damper, wherein the friction force is generated by sliding between the sliding plate and the friction plate. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A nut that is screwed to the tip of the bolt member, and applies the pressure contact force to the first pressure contact plate, the second pressure contact plate, and the third pressure contact plate by the head of the bolt member;
A disc spring is inserted between at least one of the head and the press contact plate adjacent to the head, and between the nut and the press contact plate adjacent to the nut,
The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the elastic force of the disc spring is applied to the first pressure plate, the second pressure plate, and the third pressure plate as the pressure force. A friction damper that is disposed between a pair of members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction in a building frame, and that suppresses the relative movement by a frictional force between pressure-contact plates that slide with the relative movement,
A first pressure contact plate provided on one member side of the pair of members;
A second pressure contact plate provided on the other member side of the pair of members;
A third pressure contact plate that sandwiches the first pressure contact plate from both sides with a predetermined pressure contact force with the second pressure contact plate;
A bolt member provided through the second through hole of the second press contact plate and the third through hole of the third press contact plate on the outside of the side surface of the first press contact plate in order to apply the press contact force;
A pipe member that is provided through the second through hole and the third through hole while inserting the bolt member inside, on the outside of the side surface of the first pressure contact plate,
The third pressure contact plate is slid in the predetermined direction relative to the first pressure contact plate in conjunction with the sliding of the second pressure contact plate in the predetermined direction with respect to the first pressure contact plate. Force is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the third pressure contact plate through the engagement of the bolt member with the second through hole and the third through hole,
A plate member having a hole portion having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe member is fixed around the second through hole of the second pressure contact plate so that the hole portion matches the second through hole. ,
The friction damper, wherein the bolt member is passed through the hole. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
The first pressure contact plate is connected to at least one of the second pressure contact plate and the third pressure contact plate so as to contact a side surface that does not face the second pressure contact plate and the third pressure contact plate. A friction damper comprising a guide member. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6 ,
The size of the clearance gap between the said 2nd through-hole and the said 3rd through-hole, and the said pipe member is an arbitrary value of the range of 0.1-3.0 mm, respectively, The friction damper characterized by the above-mentioned. The friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6 ,
A friction damper, wherein a gap is formed between the pipe member and the second through hole in the predetermined direction. The friction damper according to claim 8 , wherein
The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein a friction coefficient when sliding with respect to the first pressure contact plate is different between the second pressure contact plate and the third pressure contact plate. A friction damper that is disposed between a pair of members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction in a building frame, and that suppresses the relative movement by a frictional force between pressure-contact plates that slide with the relative movement,
A first pressure contact plate provided on one member side of the pair of members;
A second pressure contact plate provided on the other member side of the pair of members;
A third pressure contact plate that sandwiches the first pressure contact plate from both sides with a predetermined pressure contact force with the second pressure contact plate;
A bolt member provided through the second through hole of the second press contact plate and the third through hole of the third press contact plate on the outside of the side surface of the first press contact plate in order to apply the press contact force;
A pipe member that is provided through the second through hole and the third through hole while inserting the bolt member inside, on the outside of the side surface of the first pressure contact plate,
The third pressure contact plate is slid in the predetermined direction relative to the first pressure contact plate in conjunction with the sliding of the second pressure contact plate in the predetermined direction with respect to the first pressure contact plate. Force is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the third pressure contact plate through the engagement of the bolt member with the second through hole and the third through hole,
A gap is formed between the pipe member and the second through hole with respect to the predetermined direction,
The size of the gap between the pipe member with respect to the predetermined direction is smaller in the third through hole than in the second through hole,
The size of the gap in the third through hole is an arbitrary value in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.

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