JP5588835B2 - Friction damper - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction damper that attenuates vibration of a building frame or the like.

A friction damper is known as a device for attenuating vibration of a building frame or the like. The friction damper is used, for example, by being interposed between a pair of steel members of the same frame that moves relative to each other when the building frame vibrates.
That is, the friction damper has a first pressure contact plate fixed to one steel member by bolting or the like, and a second pressure contact plate fixed to the other steel member by bolting or the like. Further, the friction plate is fixed to the first pressure contact plate with screws or the like, the slide plate is fixed to the second pressure contact plate with screws or the like, and the friction surface of the friction plate and the slide surface of the slide plate Are slidable with each other with a predetermined pressure. Therefore, at the time of the relative movement described above, the friction surface and the sliding surface slide to generate a frictional force, and the vibration of the building frame is attenuated by the frictional force (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-352113 A

By the way, in recent years when the habitability under the effect of wind load has become more important with the rise of buildings, etc., in general, if you want to exert an appropriate vibration damping effect even for the wind load that has a different external force level from the earthquake, In addition to making it possible to generate a large frictional force corresponding to a large external force during an earthquake, it is also necessary to generate a small frictional force corresponding to a small external force such as a wind load.
However, in order to do so, friction dampers must be individually arranged for earthquakes and wind loads, resulting in an increase in cost and size of the apparatus.

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost and compact friction damper that can generate friction forces having different sizes.

In order to achieve this object, the invention shown in claim 1
A friction damper that is interposed between two members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction, and that attenuates vibration related to the relative movement between the two members by friction force,
A first pressure contact plate provided integrally with one of the two members;
A second pressure-contact plate integrally provided on the other member of the two members;
A friction plate that is pressed between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate with a predetermined pressure contact force while being sandwiched between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate. ,
The first friction coefficient of the first friction surface pressed against the first pressure contact plate in the friction plate is larger than the second friction coefficient of the second friction surface pressed against the second pressure contact plate in the friction plate,
When the amplitude of the vibration is within a predetermined value, the friction plate slides on the second friction surface without sliding on the first friction surface;
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the friction plate slides on the first friction surface,
Fastening that tightens the first through hole of the first press plate, the second through hole of the second press plate, and the third through hole of the friction plate to provide the press contact force Having a member,
With respect to the predetermined direction, the length of the third through hole is formed longer than the length of the second through hole, and the length of the first through hole is formed longer than the third through hole. Has been
When the amplitude of the vibration is within the predetermined value, the fastening member moves along the predetermined direction in the third through hole of the friction plate, whereby the second pressure contact plate and the friction plate Sliding on the second friction surface is allowed,
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the fastening member moves along the predetermined direction in the first through hole of the first pressure contact plate, whereby the first pressure contact plate and the friction plate Is allowed to slide on the first friction surface, and a force for sliding the friction plate is applied through the engagement of the fastening member with the second through hole and the third through hole. Then, it is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the friction plate .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the amplitude of vibration is within a predetermined value, the second friction surface slides, so that a small frictional force is generated based on the second friction coefficient smaller than the first friction coefficient. Produce. Therefore, for vibrations with small amplitude, that is, vibrations caused by a small external force, the friction damper slides with a small frictional force. Attenuation is possible.
On the other hand, when the amplitude of vibration exceeds a predetermined value, sliding is performed on the first friction surface, so that a large frictional force is generated based on the first friction coefficient larger than the second friction coefficient. Therefore, the friction damper slides with a large friction force against a vibration with a large amplitude, that is, a vibration with a large external force, so that the friction damper effectively absorbs the vibration due to the large external force with the large friction force. Attenuation is possible.
In summary, according to this friction damper, it slides while generating a friction force of an appropriate magnitude according to the magnitude of both large and small external forces, thereby damping the vibration. To do. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a separate friction damper according to the magnitude of the external force. As a result, the cost and size of the friction damper can be reduced.

When the amplitude of vibration is within the predetermined value, the fastening member moves along the predetermined direction in the third through hole of the friction plate, so that the second pressure contact plate and the friction plate slide. Permissible. The first friction coefficient, which is the friction coefficient between the first pressure contact plate and the first friction surface of the friction plate, is the second friction coefficient between the second pressure contact plate and the second friction surface of the friction plate. Greater than friction coefficient. Therefore, when the amplitude of vibration is within the predetermined value, the friction plate slides with respect to the second pressure contact plate substantially integrally with the first pressure contact plate, whereby a small frictional force is applied to the second friction surface. Can result.
On the other hand, when the amplitude of vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the fastening member moves along the predetermined direction in the first through hole of the first pressure contact plate, thereby sliding the first pressure contact plate and the friction plate. The movement is allowed and a force for sliding the friction plate is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the friction plate through the engagement of the fastening member, the second through hole, and the third through hole. . Therefore, when the amplitude of vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the friction plate slides with respect to the first pressure contact plate substantially integrally with the second pressure contact plate by the above engagement, and thereby the first friction surface. A large frictional force can be generated.

The invention shown in claim 2
A friction damper that is interposed between two members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction, and that attenuates vibration related to the relative movement between the two members by friction force,
A first pressure contact plate provided integrally with one of the two members;
A second pressure-contact plate integrally provided on the other member of the two members;
A friction plate that is pressed between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate with a predetermined pressure contact force while being sandwiched between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate. ,
The first friction coefficient of the first friction surface pressed against the first pressure contact plate in the friction plate is larger than the second friction coefficient of the second friction surface pressed against the second pressure contact plate in the friction plate,
When the amplitude of the vibration is within a predetermined value, the friction plate slides on the second friction surface without sliding on the first friction surface;
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the friction plate slides on the first friction surface,
The first pressure contact plate, the friction plate, and the second pressure contact plate are stacked with each other in the thickness direction,
Among the first pressure contact plate, the friction plate, and the second pressure contact plate, the second pressure contact plate is disposed at each outermost position in the overlapping direction.
The friction damper is characterized in that the friction plate is interposed between the second pressure contact plate and the first pressure contact plate adjacent in the overlapping direction.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the second press contact plate is disposed at each outermost position in the overlapping direction, the member that the fastening member mainly contacts with the tightening is the second press contact. Become a board. On the other hand, the through hole having the shortest length in the predetermined direction among the first to third through holes through which the fastening member is inserted is the second through hole of the second press contact plate. Therefore, at the time of the above-mentioned relative movement, the relative slip between the second press-contact plate, which is a member that mainly contacts the fastening member, and the fastening member can be minimized. It is possible to effectively prevent the member from being tilted or twisted, and as a result, the fastening action of the fastening member can be stabilized.

The invention according to claim 3 is the friction damper according to claim 1 or 2 ,
In the friction plate, another fastening member other than the fastening member is installed at a position different from the position where the fastening member is provided,
Of the two surfaces of the friction plate, the surface having the first friction surface has another friction surface corresponding to the installation position of the other fastening member,
Of the two surfaces of the friction plate, the surface having the second friction surface does not have a friction surface at the position where the other fastening member is provided,
The another friction surface is press-contacted to the first press-contacting plate by the second fastening member with a second press-contacting force,
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the friction plate slides relative to the first pressure contact plate not only on the first friction surface but also on the other friction surface. Features.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the amplitude of vibration exceeds the predetermined value, in addition to the frictional force caused by sliding on the first friction surface, the friction caused by sliding on the other friction surface. A force is generated, that is, when the vibration amplitude exceeds the predetermined value, a larger frictional force can be generated. As a result, it is possible to quickly cope with the case where the vibration damping effect is insufficient only by the friction force of the first friction surface, that is, the friction force to be generated when the amplitude of vibration exceeds the predetermined value. The degree of freedom in setting the size can be increased.

The invention shown in claim 4 is the friction damper according to claim 3 ,
In the first pressure contact plate and the friction plate, a fourth through hole and a fifth through hole for inserting the other fastening member in the plate thickness direction are formed, respectively.
The size of the gap in the predetermined direction between the other fastening member inserted into the fourth through hole and the fourth through hole is the same as that of the fastening member inserted into the first through hole and the first through hole. It is set to a value equal to or greater than the value obtained by subtracting twice the predetermined value from the size of the gap in the predetermined direction between the through hole,
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, in addition to the movement of the fastening member in the first through hole, the other fastening member moves in the fourth through hole along the predetermined direction. Thus, sliding on the first friction surface and sliding on the other friction surface are allowed.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the amplitude of vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the friction plate is not only slid on the first friction surface but also the first pressure contact plate on the other friction surface. On the other hand, it can slide smoothly. Therefore, a greater frictional force can be generated when the amplitude of vibration exceeds the predetermined value.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being able to generate | occur | produce the frictional force from which a magnitude | size differs, an inexpensive and compact friction damper can be provided.

It is a front view showing the state where friction damper 10 of a 1st embodiment was built in pillar beam frame 1 of a building. It is II-II sectional drawing in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the friction damper 10 under the action of the wind load Pw. It is an enlarged view of the friction damper 10 at the time of an earthquake. It is an enlarged view of the friction damper 10 at the time of an earthquake. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the friction damper 10 schematically showing a part of members such as a high-strength bolt 50b omitted. 4 is a graph of vibration energy absorption history characteristics of the friction damper 10. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a minimum unit configuration 10 ′ of the friction damper 10. 9A to 9D are schematic views of modified examples 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d of the friction damper 10 of the first embodiment, respectively. It is a general | schematic center sectional drawing of the friction damper 10e of 2nd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the friction damper 10e typically. 12A to 12C are explanatory diagrams of variations of the friction damper 10e according to the second embodiment. It is a general | schematic center sectional view of the friction damper 10h of 3rd Embodiment.

=== First Embodiment ===
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which the friction damper 10 of the first embodiment is incorporated in a column beam structure 1 of a building. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are enlarged views of the friction damper 10 shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the friction damper 10 schematically showing some members such as the high-strength bolt 50b.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the friction damper 10 is incorporated in a brace 5 included in the column beam frame 1. The braces 5 are, for example, H-shaped steel having a web 5w and a pair of flanges 5f, 5f. A pair of the braces 5 are disposed on the left and right sides of the column beam frame 1. Specifically, each of the braces 5 and 5 has a line segment connecting the joint portion 2e as the end 2e of the lower beam 2 and the central portion 3c of the upper beam 3 according to the column beam frame 1 as a bridging direction. 3c.

  Each brace 5 and 5 is divided so as to be separated from each other by an interval S5 at an appropriate position in the bridging direction, and a pair of brace segments 5a and 5b as shown in FIGS. The brace segment 5a, 5b can be moved relative to each other in the spanning direction (corresponding to the “predetermined direction” in the claims) by the interval S5. .

  On the other hand, the friction damper 10 is provided for each of the braces 5 and 5. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, each friction damper 10 has (1) a web 5aw of one brace segment 5a (corresponding to “one of two members” in the claims) as it is. The intermediate plate 20 as the first pressure contact plate, and (2) the bolt 5b on the other brace segment 5b (corresponding to "the other member of the two members" in the claims) via the filler plate 6 A pair of outer plates 30 and 30 as a second press-contacting plate, which are fixed integrally with a stopper or the like and arranged so as to sandwich the middle plate 20 from both the front and back surfaces; and (3) the middle plate 20 and each outer plate 30. , 30, and a pair of friction plates 40, 40 that are pressed against both the intermediate plate 20 and the outer plate 30 in a sandwiched state.

  In the example of FIG. 1, the friction damper 10 is also provided on the flange 5f of the brace portion 5a, 5b, but the structure is the same as the friction damper 10 provided on the web 5aw, 5bw. Below, only the friction damper 10 installed in the webs 5aw and 5bw will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the intermediate plate 20 has, for example, a flat plate member 20 p having a predetermined thickness as a main body, and has sliding surfaces 21 and 21 on both the front and back surfaces, respectively. The sliding surfaces 21 and 21 are formed by, for example, a sliding plate 21p such as a stainless steel plate fixed to the flat plate member 20p so as to be immovable by screwing or bonding (including friction bonding). Each sliding surface 21 is provided with a corresponding friction plate 40 facing each other, and the middle plate 20 side of the friction surfaces 41, 42 on the front and back surfaces of the corresponding friction plate 40. The friction surface 41 (hereinafter also referred to as the first friction surface 41) faces the sliding surface 21, and the first friction surface 41 and the sliding surface 21 are in pressure contact with each other. Therefore, when the friction plate 40 and the intermediate plate 20 move relative to each other in the bridging direction, the first friction surface 41 is in contact with the sliding surface 21 as shown in FIG. Frictional force F1).

  On the other hand, each outer plate 30 also has a flat plate member 30p having a predetermined thickness as a main body, and has a sliding surface 32 on the inner surface, which is the surface facing the friction plate 40, of the inner and outer surfaces. The sliding surface 32 is also formed by, for example, a sliding plate 32p such as a stainless steel plate fixed to the flat plate member 30p so as not to move by screwing or bonding. Further, the friction surface 42 on the outer plate 30 side of the friction surfaces 41 and 42 on the front and back surfaces of the friction plate 40 (hereinafter also referred to as the second friction surface 42) faces the sliding surface 32. 2 The friction surface 42 and the sliding surface 32 are pressed against each other. Therefore, when the friction plate 40 and the outer plate 30 move relative to each other in the bridging direction, the second friction surface 42 is in contact with the sliding surface 32 as shown in FIG. Frictional force F2).

  The intermediate plate 20, the pair of outer plates 30, 30 and the pair of friction plates 40, 40 are pressed by an appropriate fastening member 50, and here, as the fastening member 50, a high-strength bolt 50 b and a screw are attached thereto. A matching nut 50n is used. That is, in the middle plate 20, the pair of outer plates 30, 30, and the pair of friction plates 40, 40, the first through hole 20h, the second through hole 30h, and the third through hole 40h are respectively in the plate thickness direction. The through holes 20h, 30h, and 40h are passed through the high-strength bolts 50b described above in a skewered manner, and nuts 50n are screwed into the tip portions of the high-strength bolts 50b. Yes. Then, in a state where the friction plate 40 is sandwiched between the intermediate plate 20 and the outer plate 30, the high-strength bolt 50b and the nut 50n are fastened by the above-described screwing, and the high-strength bolt 50b is connected with the fastening. Has a tensile axial force N. Therefore, the pressure contact force using the axial force N as a reaction force acts on the intermediate plate 20, the outer plates 30, 30 and the friction plates 40, 40, and thereby the first friction surface 41 of the friction plate 40 as described above. Friction forces F1 and F2 are generated during sliding between the sliding surface 21 of the intermediate plate 20 and the sliding surface 21 of the intermediate plate 20 and sliding between the second friction surface 42 of the friction plate 40 and the sliding surface 32 of the outer plate 30, respectively. Each frictional force F1, F2 acts as a damping force for vibration of the column beam frame 1.

  However, in the friction damper 10 according to the first embodiment, these two sliding operations are performed almost alternatively. That is, when the amplitude of the interval S5, which is the amplitude of the vibration related to the relative movement in the bridging direction between the brace fragments 5a and 5b, is within a predetermined value α, the friction plate 40 is When the first friction surface 41 does not slide but slides on the second friction surface 42 and the amplitude exceeds a predetermined value α as shown in FIG. 5, the friction plate 40 generally has the second friction surface 42. Then, it is configured to slide on the first friction surface 41 without sliding. Further, the friction coefficient μ1 of the first friction surface 41 is set to be larger than the friction coefficient μ2 of the second friction surface 42 (that is, μ1> μ2).

  Therefore, when a small external force Pw such as the wind load Pw is applied to the column beam frame 1, the amplitude of the interval S5, which is the amplitude of the vibration, is generally small, so that the amplitude is within a predetermined value α. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the first friction surface 41 does not slide substantially but slides exclusively on the second friction surface 42. As a result, the small friction force F2 of the second friction surface 42 acts as a damping force, that is, the friction damper 10 generates a small damping force corresponding to the wind load Pw.

  On the other hand, when a large external force Pq is applied to the column beam frame 1 as in an earthquake, the amplitude of the interval S5, which is the amplitude of vibration, generally increases, and therefore the amplitude exceeds a predetermined value α. Thus, as shown in FIG. 5 through the state of FIG. 4, the sliding on the first friction surface 41 is more dominant than the sliding on the second friction surface 41. As a result, the large friction force F1 of the first friction surface 41 acts exclusively as a damping force, that is, the friction damper 10 generates a large damping force corresponding to the seismic force Pq.

Such an alternative sliding operation is realized based on the following configuration.
First, as shown in FIG. 3, the hole diameter D30h of the second through hole 30h of the outer plate 30 is set to a size corresponding to the outer diameter D50b of the high strength bolt 50b, and the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40 is The second through hole 30h is longer than the second through hole 30h. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the shape of both the second through hole 30h and the third through hole 40h is a perfect circle. As shown in FIG. 3, the hole diameter D30h of the second through-hole 30h is set to be substantially the same value as the outer diameter D50h of the high-strength bolt 50b, so that the distance between the second through-hole 30h and the high-strength bolt 50b is In the third through hole 40h, the predetermined gap is set between the inner peripheral surface of the third through hole 40h and the high-strength bolt 50b. The hole diameter is set such that a gap having a size 2α that is twice the value α is formed. The predetermined value α takes into account the vibration amplitude (that is, the amplitude of the interval S5) related to the relative movement of the brace segment 5a, 5b assumed when the wind load Pw is applied to the column beam frame 1. For example, it is set to the same value as the assumed value of the amplitude or a value slightly larger than this. Incidentally, as a matter of course, in the state in which the high strength bolt 50b is located at the center position of the third through hole 40h as shown in FIG. It is in a state of being equally distributed with the sizes α and α on both sides of 50b.

  On the other hand, the first through hole 20h of the intermediate plate 20 is formed as a long hole 20h longer than the diameter of the third through hole 40h along the bridging direction as shown in FIGS. The length L20h in the spanning direction of the long hole 20h is determined in consideration of the amplitude of vibration related to the relative movement between the brace segments 5a and 5b assumed at the time of the earthquake (that is, the amplitude of the interval S5). For example, the value is set to a value twice as large as the assumed value of the amplitude or a value slightly larger than this.

And if comprised in this way, the above-mentioned alternative sliding operation | movement will be performed as follows.
First, under the action of the wind load Pw shown in FIG. 3, since the external force Pw is also small, the amplitude of vibration related to the relative movement between the brace fragments 5a and 5b, that is, the relative movement between the intermediate plate 20 and the outer plate 30. The amplitude of becomes smaller. Further, as described above, the size 2α of the gap between the high-strength bolt 50b and the third through hole 40h is an estimated value of the amplitude of vibration in the bridge direction assumed under the action of the wind load Pw. The value of the friction coefficient between the sliding surface 21 of the intermediate plate 20 and the first friction surface 41 of the friction plate 40 is set to a value that is twice or more. The friction coefficient between the sliding surface 32 and the second friction surface 42 of the friction plate 40 is larger than the second friction coefficient μ2.

  Therefore, under the action of the wind load Pw, the friction plate 40 is substantially integrated with the middle plate 20 based on the magnitude relationship between the first and second friction coefficients μ1 and μ2, and the outer plate 30 at the second friction surface 42. If the amplitude of the vibration at that time is within the predetermined value α, the high-strength bolt 50b is bridged integrally with the outer plate 30 in the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40. Since it can move in the direction, the high-strength bolt 50b does not obstruct the sliding at all, and the sliding is performed smoothly. As a result, the friction damper 10 generates a small frictional force F2 based on the small friction coefficient μ2 of the second friction surface 42, and the friction damper 10 thereby vibrates due to a small external force Pw such as the wind load Pw. , The vibration is effectively damped based on the small frictional force F2 (= μ2 × N) corresponding thereto.

  On the other hand, since the external force Pq is also large at the time of the earthquake shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the amplitude of vibration related to the relative movement of the brace fragments 5a and 5b, that is, the intermediate plate 20 and the outer plate 30 The amplitude of the relative movement is larger than the predetermined value α which is a half value of the size 2α of the gap between the high-strength bolt 50b and the third through hole 40h. In that case, first, until the relative movement amount reaches the predetermined value α, the high-strength bolt 50b is integrated with the outer plate 30 in the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the outer plate 30 and the friction plate 40 slide on the second friction surface 42 with a small coefficient of friction μ2 as described above.

  However, when the predetermined value α is reached, the high-strength bolt 50b contacts the inner peripheral surface of the third through hole 40h as shown in FIG. Further, this contact engagement makes it impossible for the second friction surface 42 to slide any more, that is, the outer plate 30 and the friction plate 40 become non-slidable. Due to the engagement, a part of the external force Pq is transmitted from the outer plate 30 to the friction plate 40 via the shearing force Fs of the high-strength bolt 50b, and a part of the external force Pq slides the friction plate 40. As a result, the friction plate 40 moves together with the high-strength bolt 50b and the outer plate 30 in the bridging direction relative to the intermediate plate 20 as shown in FIG.

  That is, the primary sliding on the second friction surface 42 stops, and instead the secondary sliding on the first friction surface 41, so that the first friction as shown in FIG. A large frictional force F1 is generated on the surface 41. As a result, the friction damper 10 effectively attenuates the vibration caused by the large external force Pq at the time of the earthquake based on the corresponding large friction force F1 (= μ1 × N). Incidentally, the relative movement in the bridging direction with respect to the middle plate 20 of the high-strength bolt 50b at this time is the first through hole described above formed in the middle plate 20 in the shape of a long hole, as shown in FIGS. 20h, and the sliding of the intermediate plate 20 and the friction plate 40 is allowed by the high-strength bolt 50b moving in the bridging direction in the first through hole 20h in this way. become.

  By the way, as a method of making the first friction coefficient μ1 of the first friction surface 41 which is one of the front and back surfaces of the friction plate 40 larger than the second friction coefficient μ2 of the second friction surface 42 which is the other surface. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, friction materials 41m and 42m having a predetermined thickness and different friction coefficients are attached to both surfaces of an appropriate flat plate member 40p as a main body of the friction plate 40 by screwing or bonding (friction joining). The outer layer portions 41m and 42m having different friction coefficients from each other by coating the friction members 41m and 42m on both surfaces of the flat plate member 40p serving as the main body. And so on. Here, as the material of the friction materials 41m and 42m, for example, a thermosetting resin is used as a binder, and fiber materials such as aramid fiber, glass fiber, vinylon fiber, and carbon fiber, and friction adjustment of cashew dust, lead, etc. Examples thereof include a friction material mainly composed of a material and a filler such as sulfate sulfate.

  In addition, the value of the first friction coefficient μ1 related to the first friction surface 41 described above is a sum ΣF of the first friction force F1 (in the example of FIG. 5, the first friction surface is larger than the assumed magnitude of the seismic force Pq). 41 has two surfaces, ΣF = 2 × F1) is set to be small, and the value of the second friction coefficient μ2 related to the second friction surface 42 is larger than the assumed wind load Pw. The total sum ΣF of the second friction force F2 (ΣF = 2 × F2 since there are two second friction surfaces 42 in the example of FIG. 3) is set to be small. And if it becomes like this, at the time of an earthquake, it will slide reliably on the 1st friction surface 41, and will come to slide reliably on the 2nd friction surface 42 under the effect | action of the wind load Pw.

  Further, in order to stabilize the axial force N of the high-strength bolt 50b serving as a pressure contact force, as shown in FIG. 3, the position between the head 50bh of the high-strength bolt 50b and the outer plate 30, and the nut 50n A disc spring set 55 s may be interposed at at least one position between the outer plate 30 and the outer plate 30. Here, the disc spring set 55 s is a combination of a disc spring laminate in which a plurality of disc springs 55, 55... Are laminated and washers 55 w and 55 w arranged on the outer plate 30 side of the disc spring laminate. The above-described high-strength bolt 50b is inserted into the through hole 55h at the center of the plane of each disc spring 55, 55. If such a disc spring set 55s is provided, the elastic force of the disc springs 55, 55... Is applied to the high-strength bolt 50b and this becomes the axial force N, so that the press contact force as the axial force N is stabilized. Can be planned.

  FIG. 7 is a graph of the vibration energy absorption history characteristics of the friction damper 10. This graph is a graph obtained by forcibly oscillating with a predetermined amplitude δ1 or amplitude δ2 in the spanning direction, the horizontal axis indicates the relative displacement δ in the spanning direction, and the vertical axis indicates the friction damper 10. The sum total ΣF of the frictional forces generated is shown. The amplitude δ1 is an assumed amplitude at the time of an earthquake, and the amplitude δ2 is an assumed amplitude under the action of the wind load Pw.

In FIG. 7, under the action of the wind load Pw indicated by the square ABCD, the friction damper 10 slides only on the second friction surface 42 and does not slide on the first friction surface 41 as described above. Further, the friction damper 10 has two second friction surfaces 42, 42. Further, a second friction force F2 is generated for each second friction surface 42, and the second friction force F2 is expressed as F2 = μ2 × N using the friction coefficient μ2 and the pressure contact force N of the second friction surface 42. I can express. Therefore, the total sum ΣF of the frictional forces generated by the friction damper 10 is expressed by the following formula 1.
ΣF = 2 × F2
= 2 × μ2 × N (1)

On the other hand, during an earthquake, the friction damper 10 slides on the first friction surface 41 and does not slide on the second friction surface 42. The friction damper 10 has two first friction surfaces 41 and 41. Further, the first friction coefficient μ 1 of the first friction surface 41 is larger than the second friction coefficient μ 2 of the second friction surface 42. Therefore, the sum ΣF of the frictional forces generated by the friction damper 10 during an earthquake is the friction coefficient ratio (in the polygon EFGHIJKL in FIG. = Μ1 / μ2) times, that is, expressed by the following formula 2.
ΣF = 2 × F1
= 2 × μ1 × N (2)

  Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 7, in the range FG and JK of the magnitude 2α from the folding position F or J in the relative movement direction in the polygon EFGHIJKL, the sum ΣF of the generated frictional force is expressed by the above equation 2 However, in this range FG, JK, the reason is that the size between the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40 and the high strength bolt 50b is smaller. This is because, based on the action of the gap 2α, the first friction surface 41 does not slide and the second friction surface 42 slides.

  By the way, in this 1st Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, although the outer plates 30 and 30 were each arrange | positioned at the both sides of a plate | board thickness direction (each outermost position), Even one sheet is theoretically established as the friction damper 10. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, even if the outer plate 30, the friction plate 40, and the middle plate 20 have a three-sheet configuration 10 ′ in which the plate thickness direction is overlapped in this order, The plate 40 has a first friction surface 41 and a second friction surface 42, and the outer plate 30, the friction plate 40, and the intermediate plate 20 have a second through hole 30 h, a third through hole 40 h, and a first plate, respectively. Since the through-hole 20h is provided, the above-described two levels of alternative sliding operations can be performed.

  However, in such a configuration, particularly when sliding on the first friction surface 41, the intermediate plate 20 and the washer 55 w of the high-strength bolt 50 b slide at the mutual contact portions 20 c 1 and 55 wc 1, thereby There is a possibility that the application of the pressure contact force becomes unstable due to the high-strength bolt 50b being inclined. In this regard, the high-strength bolt 50b is inserted through the second through hole 30h of the outer plate 30 with almost no clearance, and therefore does not move relative to the outer plate 30. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the stability of the application of the pressure contact force, it is desirable that the outer plates 30 and 30 are respectively disposed at the outermost positions in the overlapping direction as the plate thickness direction, as shown in FIG. .

  9A to 9D are schematic views of modifications 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d of the friction damper 10 of the first embodiment.

  The modified example 10a of FIG. 9A has substantially the same configuration as the friction damper 10 of the first embodiment described so far. That is, in the above-described first embodiment, the high-strength bolt 50b and the nut 50n are one set, but in the modified example 10a of FIG. 9A, two sets are provided as a plurality of examples. In addition, two sets of the above-described through holes 20h, 30h, and 40h are provided, respectively, and are different from the friction damper 10 of the first embodiment mainly in these points, and the other points are substantially the same. Therefore, in the following, this is referred to as a basic configuration 10a, and in the description of the modified examples 10b, 10c, and 10d in FIGS. 9B to 9D, differences from the basic configuration 10a will be mainly described.

  The modified example 10b in FIG. 9B and the modified example 10c in FIG. 9C increase the number of the intermediate plates 20 that were one in the basic configuration 10a to two or three as an example, and these intermediate plates 20 is different from the basic configuration 10a in that an auxiliary friction plate 46 is additionally provided between the 20 and 20, and the other points are substantially the same.

  According to the modified examples 10b and 10c, as an additional effect of the auxiliary friction plate 46 described above, the total sum ΣF of the friction force F2 under the action of the wind load Pw is maintained at the same value as that of the basic configuration 10a, and at the time of an earthquake. The total sum ΣF of the frictional force F1 can be increased as compared with the basic configuration 10a. Therefore, these modified examples 10b and 10c are effective when a larger seismic force Pq is assumed.

  9B, in this modified example 10b, a pair of middle plates 20, 20 are arranged with their one side facing each other, and the pair of middle plates 20, 20 An auxiliary friction plate 46 is interposed between them. A sliding surface 37 having the same structure as that of the above-described sliding surface 21 is formed on the surface of the intermediate plate 20 facing the auxiliary friction plate 46 (that is, the surface opposite to the surface facing the friction plate 40). Has been. In addition, third friction surfaces 47 and 47 having the same friction coefficient μ3 are formed on both surfaces of the auxiliary friction plate 46, and the value of the friction coefficient μ3 is the same as, for example, the first friction coefficient μ1 described above. Is set to The sliding surface 37 and the third friction surface 47 corresponding to each other come into contact with each other and are pressed by a pressing force based on the axial force N of the high-strength bolt 50b described above. Further, the auxiliary friction plate 46 is formed with a sixth through hole 46h having the same diameter as the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40 in the plate thickness direction. The above-described high-strength bolt 50b is inserted.

  Therefore, under the action of the wind load Pw with small vibration amplitude, the high-strength bolt 50b moves in the bridging direction in the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40, and the bolt 50b It only moves in the bridging direction in the sixth through hole 46h of the auxiliary friction plate 46, so that it does not slide on the third friction surfaces 47, 47 of the auxiliary friction plate 46. For this reason, the total sum ΣF of the frictional force F2 under the action of the wind load Pw is the same as that of the basic configuration 10a described above.

  However, in an earthquake where the amplitude of vibration is large, the high-strength bolt 50b is in contact with and engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40, and the friction plate 40 is bridged with respect to the intermediate plate 20. The bolt 50b abuts and engages with the inner peripheral surface of the sixth through hole 46h of the auxiliary friction plate 46 in the same manner as the relative movement of the auxiliary friction plate 46 in the bridging direction. Move relative. As a result, sliding is performed not only on the first friction surface 41 of the friction plate 40 but also on the third friction surface 47 of the auxiliary friction plate 46, and as a result, friction is generated by the amount of the friction force F 1 generated on the third friction surface 47. The sum ΣF of the force F1 is increased as compared with the basic configuration 10a.

  The modification 10c in FIG. 9C is a case of a three-sheet configuration in which the number of the intermediate plates 20 is one more than that in the modification 10b in FIG. 9B. In addition, auxiliary friction plates 46 and 46 are disposed at positions between the intermediate plates 20 and 20 adjacent to each other in the plate thickness direction, respectively, thereby further increasing the auxiliary friction as compared with the modified example 10b of FIG. 9B. The number of the plates 46 is increased by one to two, and as a result, the sum ΣF of the frictional force F1 at the time of the earthquake is further increased by that amount. Since the other points are substantially the same as the configuration example 10b of FIG. 9B, the description thereof is omitted.

  On the other hand, in the modified example 10d of FIG. 9D, first, the middle plate 20 which is one in the basic configuration 10a of FIG. 9A is increased to two as a plurality of examples. , 20 is additionally provided with a pseudo outer plate 30 a having the same function as the outer plate 30. A friction plate 40 is also interposed between the intermediate plate 20 and the pseudo outer plate 30a.

Therefore, according to this configuration, two more friction plates 40 are provided than in the basic configuration 10a, and thus, the frictional force F2 that can be generated under the action of the wind load Pw and the sum ΣF can be generated during an earthquake. Both of the total sum ΣF of the frictional force F1 can be increased. Incidentally, the above-mentioned “pseudo outer plate 30 a has the same function as the outer plate 30” means that the pseudo outer plate 30 a is also fixed to the other brace segment 5 b in the same manner as the outer plate 30. This means that it moves relative to the piece 5b.
Further, the number of the intermediate plates 20 in FIG. 9D is not limited to the above-mentioned two, and may be three or more. However, in that case, since the pseudo outer plate 30a is additionally provided corresponding to each position between the middle plates 20 and 20, the number of the pseudo outer plates 30a is one more than the number of the middle plates 20. The number is small.

=== Second Embodiment ===
FIG. 10 is a schematic central sectional view of the friction damper 10e of the second embodiment, and FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the friction damper 10e. In FIG. 11, some members such as the high strength bolt 50b are not shown.

  In the first embodiment described above, all of the intermediate plate 20, the outer plates 30, 30 and the friction plates 40, 40 are press-contacted by the high-strength bolt 50b and the nut 50n as the fastening member 50. In the second embodiment, in addition to the fastening member 50, the fastening member 58 that presses only the intermediate plate 20 and the friction plates 40 and 40 (corresponding to “another fastening member” in the claims, hereinafter) This is mainly different in that a second fastening member 58 is additionally provided. As a result, in comparison with the first embodiment, the sum ΣF of the friction force F2 under the action of the wind load Pw is maintained at the same value as that of the first embodiment, and only the sum ΣF of the friction force F1 at the time of the earthquake. To increase.

  More specifically, in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the pair of friction plates 40, 40 are extended along the spanning direction, and thereby protrude from the outer plate 30 in the bridging direction. Then, with the middle plate 20 being sandwiched between the pair of friction plates 40, 40, the plates 40, 20, 40 are mutually connected by the second high strength bolt 58 b and the nut 58 as the second fastening member 58. The outer plates 30 and 30 are not pressed by the second press contact force.

  Further, of the front and back surfaces of each friction plate 40, on the surface having the first friction surface 41, another friction surface 41a extends over a predetermined range corresponding to the installation position of the second high-strength bolt 58b. Although the outer plate 30 is not present at the installation position of the second high-strength bolt 58b on the surface having the second friction surface 42, a friction surface is formed at the installation position. Not. Then, corresponding to these different friction surfaces 41a, 41a, sliding surfaces 21a, 21a having the same structure as the above-described sliding surface 21 are separately formed at predetermined portions on both the front and back surfaces of the intermediate plate 20. The other friction surface 41a and the sliding surface 21a are in contact with each other. Incidentally, the formation of the sliding surfaces 21a and 21a can be handled by extending the sliding plate 21p of the sliding surface 21 described above, that is, it may not be formed separately.

  Further, the second high-strength bolt 58b includes a fourth through-hole 20ha that is formed in the middle plate 20 separately from the first through-hole 20h in the thickness direction, and a friction plate 40 that is separated from the third through-hole 40h. It is inserted into the formed fifth through hole 40ha penetrating in the plate thickness direction. The length L20ha of the intermediate plate 20 in the bridging direction of the fourth through hole 20ha is a value obtained by subtracting a value 2α that is twice the predetermined value α from the length L20h of the first through hole 20h (= L20h− 2α) is set to a length equal to or greater than this, and thereby, the size of the gap in the bridging direction between the second high-strength bolt 58b inserted into the fourth through hole 20ha and the fourth through hole 20ha is A value obtained by subtracting a value 2α that is twice the predetermined value α from the size of the gap in the bridging direction between the high-strength bolt 50b inserted through the first through-hole 20h and the first through-hole 20h. It is the above dimensions. The hole diameter of the fifth through hole 40ha of the friction plate 40 is set to a value corresponding to the outer diameter of the second high-strength bolt 58b (for example, approximately the same value as the outer diameter).

  Therefore, according to this configuration, first, under the action of the wind load Pw, that is, when the amplitude of vibration is within the predetermined value α, the high-strength bolt 50b is bridged in the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40. As a result, the friction plate 40 does not slide with respect to the middle plate 20, and as a result, the total sum ΣF of the friction force F2 is maintained at the same value as the basic configuration 10e described above.

  On the other hand, at the time of an earthquake, that is, when the amplitude of vibration exceeds a predetermined value α, the friction plate 40 is brought into contact with the middle plate by the contact engagement between the high-strength bolt 50b and the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40. 20 on the first friction surface 41, and in this case, the above-mentioned another friction formed on the friction plate 40 corresponding to the installation position of the second high-strength bolt 58b. Since the second pressure contact force is also applied to the surface 41a by the axial force N2 of the second high-strength bolt 58b, a separate frictional force is generated by the sliding of the friction plate 40 and the intermediate plate 20 here. Therefore, the sum ΣF of the frictional force F1 generated at the time of the earthquake is increased.

  In some cases, as shown in FIG. 10, a through-hole 39 h in the plate thickness direction is provided as an example of a concave portion on the surface of the outer plate 30 facing the intermediate plate 20, and the through-hole is formed in the intermediate plate 20. The protrusions 29 may be integrally provided corresponding to 39h, and the protrusions 29 may be accommodated in the through holes 39h with a gap of a predetermined dimension in the bridging direction. As a result, the protrusion 29 can be moved relative to the inside of the through-hole 39h of the outer plate 30 in the bridging direction in conjunction with the middle plate 20 by the gap. The dimension in the spanning direction of the gap is set to 2α which is the same value as the gap between the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40 and the high strength bolt 50b. Therefore, at the time of an earthquake in which the amplitude of vibration exceeds the predetermined value α, the friction plate 40 is brought into contact with the middle plate 20 not only through the high-strength bolt 50b but also through the abutting engagement between the convex portion 29 and the through hole 39h. A force for sliding can be transmitted from the outer plate 30 to the friction plate 40. As a result, when a large force such as the seismic force Pq is to be transmitted to the friction plate 40, the load burden of the high strength bolt 50b can be reduced, and the durability of the bolt 50b can be enhanced.

  12A to 12C are explanatory views of variations of the friction damper 10e according to the second embodiment. FIG. 12A shows a schematic diagram of the friction damper 10e according to the second embodiment described above. In addition, FIGS. 12B and 12C schematically show modified examples 10f and 10g of the friction damper 10e, respectively.

  In the following, modifications 10f and 10g of FIGS. 12B and 12C will be described using the configuration of FIG. 12A corresponding to the friction damper 10e of FIG. 11 described above as a basic configuration 10e. The difference from the basic configuration 10e will be described below.

  Here, the difference between the basic configuration 10e in FIG. 12A and the modified examples 10f and 10g in FIGS. 12B and 12C is basically the same as the basic configuration 10a in FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B, and FIG. This is the same as the difference from 9C modification examples 10b and 10c. For example, in the modified examples 10f and 10g of FIGS. 12B and 12C, the intermediate plate 20 and the auxiliary friction plate 46 described above are additionally provided to the basic configuration 10e of FIG. The total sum Σ of the lower friction force F2 is maintained at the same value as that of the basic configuration 10e, while the total sum Σ of the friction force F1 at the time of the earthquake is increased from that of the basic configuration 10e.

  More specifically, in the modified example 10f of FIG. 12B, the pair of middle plates 20, 20 are arranged with their one side facing each other, and an auxiliary friction plate 46 is disposed between the pair of middle plates 20, 20. It is intervened. A sliding surface 37 having the same structure as that of the above-described sliding surface 21 is formed on the surface of the intermediate plate 20 facing the auxiliary friction plate 46 (that is, the surface opposite to the surface facing the friction plate 40). Has been. In addition, third friction surfaces 47 and 47 having the same friction coefficient μ3 are formed on both surfaces of the auxiliary friction plate 46, and the value of the friction coefficient μ3 is the same as, for example, the first friction coefficient μ1 described above. Is set to The sliding surface 37 and the third friction surface 47 corresponding to each other come into contact with each other and are pressed by a pressing force based on the axial force N of the high-strength bolt 50b described above. Further, the auxiliary friction plate 46 is formed with a sixth through hole 46h having the same diameter as the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40 in the plate thickness direction. The above-described high-strength bolt 50b is inserted.

  The auxiliary friction plate 46 is also extended to the installation position of the second high strength bolt 58b. Further, friction surfaces 47a and 47a different from the third friction surfaces 47 and 47 are formed over a predetermined range on both the front and back surfaces of the auxiliary friction plate 46 so as to correspond to the installation positions of the second high strength bolts 58b. In addition, sliding surfaces 37a and 37a are formed in the portion of the intermediate plate 20 that faces the other friction surfaces 47a and 47a. Further, the auxiliary friction plate 46 is formed with a seventh through hole 46ha having a value substantially equal to the outer diameter of the second high-strength bolt 58b in the plate thickness direction. The second high-strength bolt 58b is inserted together with the fourth through-hole 20ha and the fifth through-hole 40ha of the friction plate 40.

  Therefore, according to such a configuration, first, under the action of the wind load Pw having a small vibration amplitude, the high-strength bolt 50b is moved in the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40 in the bridging direction. The high-strength bolt 50b only moves in the bridging direction in the sixth through hole 46h of the auxiliary friction plate 46. Therefore, the auxiliary friction plate 46 does not slide with respect to the intermediate plate 20, that is, does not slide on the third friction surface 47 and the other friction surface 47 a of the auxiliary friction plate 46, and as a result, the sum of the frictional forces F 2. ΣF is maintained at the same value as the basic configuration 10e described above.

  On the other hand, at the time of an earthquake with a large vibration amplitude, the high-strength bolt 50b and the auxiliary friction are in the same manner as the high-strength bolt 50b and the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40 are in contact with each other. Both the plate 46 and the sixth through hole 46h are in contact with each other. As a result, the auxiliary friction plate 46 slides on the third friction surface 47 and the other friction surface 47 a with respect to the intermediate plate 20. As a result, the third friction surface 47 and the other friction surface 47a of the auxiliary friction plate 46 also generate a frictional force, thereby further increasing the sum ΣF of the frictional force F1 that can be generated during an earthquake.

  The modification 10g in FIG. 12C is a case of a three-sheet configuration in which the number of the intermediate plates 20 is one more than that in the modification 10f in FIG. 12B. And the auxiliary | assistant friction plates 46 and 46 are each arrange | positioned in each position between the intermediate | middle plates 20 and 20 adjacent to a plate | board thickness direction, Thereby, compared with the modification 10f of FIG. The number of the plates 46 is increased by one to two, and as a result, the sum ΣF of the frictional force F1 at the time of the earthquake is further increased by that amount. Since the other points are substantially the same as the configuration example 10f in FIG. 12B, the description thereof is omitted.

=== Third Embodiment ===
FIG. 13 is a schematic central cross-sectional view of the friction damper 10h of the third embodiment.
In the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 5, the force Fp for sliding the friction plate 40 on the first friction surface 41 is applied from the outer plate 30 to the friction plate by the shear force Fs of the high strength bolt 50b. 40. That is, the force Fp is transmitted from the outer plate 30 to the friction plate 40 through contact engagement between the high-strength bolt 50b and the second through hole 30h of the outer plate 30 and the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40. As a result, the friction plate 40 is moved substantially integrally with the outer plate 30, but in the third embodiment of FIG. 13, the outer periphery of the high-strength bolt 50b is covered with the pipe member 80, thereby Fp is transmitted from the outer plate 30 to the friction plate 40 through contact engagement between the pipe member 80 and the second through hole 30h of the outer plate 30 and the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40. Is different. Since the other points are generally the same as those in the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In this example, the first through hole 20 h of the intermediate plate 20, the second through holes 30 h and 30 h of the pair of outer plates 30 and 30, and the third through holes 40 h and 40 h of the pair of friction plates 40 and 40 are provided. In addition, a steel round pipe 80 (pipe having a circular shape in cross section) is passed through the skewered shape as an example of the pipe member 80, and further, the round pipe 80 has a high height along the tube axis direction thereof. A force bolt 50b is passed. A nut 50n is screwed to the tip of the high strength bolt 50b. With the friction plate 40 sandwiched between the intermediate plate 20 and the outer plate 30, the high strength bolt 50b and the nut 50n. Is fastened by the above-described screwing, and a tensile axial force N is generated in the high-strength bolt 50b with the fastening. Therefore, the pressure contact force acts on the friction plate 40, the intermediate plate 20, and the outer plate 30 with the axial force N as a reaction force, whereby the first friction surface 41 of the friction plate 40 and the sliding surface 21 of the intermediate plate 20. Friction forces F1 and F2 are generated when the second friction surface 42 of the friction plate 40 and the sliding surface 32 of the outer plate 30 slide, respectively.

  And according to the said structure, when the amplitude of vibration exceeds predetermined value (alpha) at the time of an earthquake, it contact-engages with both the 3rd through-hole 40h of the friction board 40, and the 2nd through-hole 30h of the outer plate 30. Is a round pipe 80. Therefore, a part of the external force Pq is transmitted from the outer plate 30 to the friction plate 40 via the shearing force Fs of the round pipe 80, and a part of the external force Pq is a force Fp for sliding the friction plate 40. Accordingly, the friction plate 40 slides with respect to the intermediate plate 20 together with the outer plate 30. Therefore, the shearing force Fs does not generally act on the high-strength bolt 50b, so that the high-strength bolt 50b can be specialized in applying a pressing force, and as a result, enhance the soundness of the high-strength bolt 50b. Can do.

  Incidentally, in order to completely cut off the action of the shearing force Fs on the high-strength bolt 50b, a gap S80 is preferably interposed between the round pipe 80 and the high-strength bolt 50b. The size of the gap S80 can be determined as follows, for example. That is, the inner peripheral surface of the round pipe 80 and the high-strength bolt 50b do not come into contact with each other even when the round pipe 80 is in a deformed state up to a limit state (for example, elastic limit) assumed in the design. Make it the right size. In this way, the shearing force Fs for sliding the friction plate 40 acts only on the round pipe 80 and not on the high-strength bolt 50b, so the soundness of the high-strength bolt 50b is high. The state can be maintained.

  In the above description, the steel round pipe 80 is illustrated as an example of the pipe member 80. However, the steel round pipe 80 has a proof strength that can withstand the assumed shearing force Fs, and the high strength bolt 50b can be inserted inside. For example, the shape and material are not limited to this. For example, the shape may be a rectangular pipe with a rectangular cross section, and the material may be a non-ferrous metal such as aluminum or a non-metal such as resin.

  In addition, since it is clear that the pipe member 80 according to the third embodiment can be applied not only to the first embodiment but also to the second embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

=== Other Embodiments ===
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, The deformation | transformation as shown below is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  In the above-described embodiment, the friction damper 10 is incorporated in the web 5w of the brace 5 of the column beam frame 1. However, the invention is not limited to this, and the friction damper 10 may be incorporated in the flange 5f of the brace 5. You may incorporate in parts (for example, a stud, a partition wall, a truss, etc.) other than 1 brace 5. FIG. That is, any pair of members that move relative to each other when the column beam frame 1 of the building vibrates can be installed between them.

  In the above-described embodiment, the circular through hole 40h is illustrated as the third through hole 40h of the friction plate 40. However, if the through hole forms a gap having the same size 2α as the gap in the spanning direction, For example, a long hole that is long in the spanning direction may be used.

1 column beam frame, 2 lower beam, 2e end (joint), 3 upper beam, 3c center,
5 braces, 5f flange, 5w web,
5a Brace segment (one of two members), 5aw web,
5b Brace segment (the other of the two members), 5bw web,
6 Filler plate, 10 friction damper, 10 'friction damper,
10a Friction damper, 10b Friction damper,
10c Friction damper, 10d Friction damper, 10e Friction damper,
10f Friction damper, 10g Friction damper, 10h Friction damper,
20 middle plate (first pressure contact plate), 20p flat plate member,
20h first through hole, 20ha fourth through hole,
21 sliding surface, 21a sliding surface, 21p sliding plate, 29 convex portion,
30 outer plate (second press contact plate), 30a pseudo outer plate (second press contact plate),
30p flat plate member, 30h second through hole, 32 sliding surface, 32p sliding plate,
37 sliding surface, 37a sliding surface, 39h through hole, 40 friction plate,
40p flat plate member, 40h third through hole, 40ha fifth through hole,
41 first friction surface, 41a friction surface, 41m friction material,
42 second friction surface, 42 m friction material, 46 auxiliary friction plate,
46h 6th through hole, 46ha 7th through hole,
47 third friction surface, 47a another friction surface, 50 fastening member,
50b high strength bolt, 50bh head, 50n nut,
55 disc spring, 55h through hole, 55s disc spring set, 55w washer,
58 second fastening member (another fastening member), 58b second high-strength bolt, 58n nut,
80 round pipe (pipe member), S5 interval, S80 gap,
F1 first friction force, F2 second friction force, Fp force, Fs shearing force,
N axial force (pressure contact force), Pq earthquake force (external force), Pw wind load (external force)

Claims (4)

A friction damper that is interposed between two members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction, and that attenuates vibration related to the relative movement between the two members by friction force,
A first pressure contact plate provided integrally with one of the two members;
A second pressure-contact plate integrally provided on the other member of the two members;
A friction plate that is pressed between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate with a predetermined pressure contact force while being sandwiched between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate. ,
The first friction coefficient of the first friction surface pressed against the first pressure contact plate in the friction plate is larger than the second friction coefficient of the second friction surface pressed against the second pressure contact plate in the friction plate,
When the amplitude of the vibration is within a predetermined value, the friction plate slides on the second friction surface without sliding on the first friction surface;
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the friction plate slides on the first friction surface,
Fastening that tightens the first through hole of the first press plate, the second through hole of the second press plate, and the third through hole of the friction plate to provide the press contact force Having a member,
With respect to the predetermined direction, the length of the third through hole is formed longer than the length of the second through hole, and the length of the first through hole is formed longer than the third through hole. Has been
When the amplitude of the vibration is within the predetermined value, the fastening member moves along the predetermined direction in the third through hole of the friction plate, whereby the second pressure contact plate and the friction plate Sliding on the second friction surface is allowed,
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the fastening member moves along the predetermined direction in the first through hole of the first pressure contact plate, whereby the first pressure contact plate and the friction plate Is allowed to slide on the first friction surface, and a force for sliding the friction plate is applied through the engagement of the fastening member with the second through hole and the third through hole. The friction damper is transmitted from the second pressure contact plate to the friction plate . A friction damper that is interposed between two members that move relative to each other in a predetermined direction, and that attenuates vibration related to the relative movement between the two members by friction force,
A first pressure contact plate provided integrally with one of the two members;
A second pressure-contact plate integrally provided on the other member of the two members;
A friction plate that is pressed between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate with a predetermined pressure contact force while being sandwiched between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate. ,
The first friction coefficient of the first friction surface pressed against the first pressure contact plate in the friction plate is larger than the second friction coefficient of the second friction surface pressed against the second pressure contact plate in the friction plate,
When the amplitude of the vibration is within a predetermined value, the friction plate slides on the second friction surface without sliding on the first friction surface;
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the friction plate slides on the first friction surface,
The first pressure contact plate, the friction plate, and the second pressure contact plate are stacked with each other in the thickness direction,
Among the first pressure contact plate, the friction plate, and the second pressure contact plate, the second pressure contact plate is disposed at each outermost position in the overlapping direction.
The friction damper is characterized in that the friction plate is interposed between the second pressure contact plate and the first pressure contact plate adjacent in the overlapping direction. The friction damper according to claim 1 or 2 ,
In the friction plate, another fastening member other than the fastening member is installed at a position different from the position where the fastening member is provided,
Of the two surfaces of the friction plate, the surface having the first friction surface has another friction surface corresponding to the installation position of the other fastening member,
Of the two surfaces of the friction plate, the surface having the second friction surface does not have a friction surface at the position where the other fastening member is provided,
The another friction surface is press-contacted to the first press-contacting plate by the second fastening member with a second press-contacting force,
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, the friction plate slides relative to the first pressure contact plate not only on the first friction surface but also on the other friction surface. A featured friction damper. The friction damper according to claim 3 , wherein
In the first pressure contact plate and the friction plate, a fourth through hole and a fifth through hole for inserting the other fastening member in the plate thickness direction are formed, respectively.
The size of the gap in the predetermined direction between the other fastening member inserted into the fourth through hole and the fourth through hole is the same as that of the fastening member inserted into the first through hole and the first through hole. It is set to a value equal to or greater than the value obtained by subtracting twice the predetermined value from the size of the gap in the predetermined direction between the through hole,
When the amplitude of the vibration exceeds the predetermined value, in addition to the movement of the fastening member in the first through hole, the other fastening member moves in the fourth through hole along the predetermined direction. Thus, sliding on the first friction surface and sliding on the other friction surface are allowed.