JP2020197070A - Opening structure and building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an opening structure capable of utilizing the design of structural columns while enhancing the feeling of openness of a large opening formed by continuously arranging sashes, and a building having the opening structure.SOLUTION: An opening structure 1 comprises a structural column 7 erected along a reference line N on the outer periphery of the building, and a sash 8 continuously arranged away from the structural column 7 on the outdoor side. The sash 8 has a sash frame 81 and a transparent plate 82 fitted into the sash frame 81, and the transparent plate 82 has a length from a ceiling surface 13 to a floor surface 14 in the height direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an opening structure of a habitable or non-resident building and a building having the opening structure, and relates to an opening structure and a building in which a sash of the opening structure and a structural column are separated.

Conventionally, the sash provided in the opening of a building has both left and right sides fixed to structural columns erected on both sides of the opening, and the upper and lower sides are fixed to a feather pattern material such as wood. The conventional sash has a semi-external fit that protrudes about half to the outdoor side (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-307443

However, since a structural column is required to fix the above-mentioned semi-outer sash, the structural column is always arranged between the sashes even when planning a large opening by continuously connecting the sashes. As a result, the sashes are separated from each other, and the feeling of openness of the large opening cannot be fully utilized. Further, since the outer wall decorative material is arranged on the outdoor side of the pillars arranged between the sashes and the gypsum board and the wallpaper are arranged on the indoor side, the pillars themselves cannot be utilized as a design.

Therefore, the present invention provides an opening structure capable of making the best use of the design of the structural columns and a building having the opening structure while enhancing the open feeling of the large opening formed by continuously arranging the sashes. The purpose is.

The opening structure of the present invention includes a structural pillar erected along a reference line on the outer periphery of the building and a sash that is continuously arranged apart from the structural pillar on the outdoor side, and the sash is a sash frame. It has a transparent plate that is fitted into the sash frame, and the transparent plate is characterized by having a length from the ceiling surface to the floor surface in the height direction.

The opening structure of the present invention is characterized in that the structural pillar is a representative pillar.

The opening structure of the present invention is characterized in that the sash frame has an upper frame, a lower frame, and a pair of side frames, and the side frames overlap the structural columns in the indoor and outdoor directions.

The opening structure of the present invention forms a square by combining two side frames of the adjacent sashes that are butted against each other, and the width of the square is shorter than the width of the structural column. It is a feature.

The opening structure of the present invention is characterized in that the sash frame is fixed by the side frame via a connecting member extending in the outdoor direction from the upper end of the structural column.

The opening structure of the present invention is characterized in that the sash frame is fixed via a connecting material whose upper frame extends from a structural beam for fixing the column head of the structural column in the outdoor direction.

The building of the present invention is a building provided with a room having the opening structure according to any one of the above, and has an eave structure on the outdoor side of the opening structure, and the back surface of the eaves of the eave structure is the above. It is characterized in that it is formed flush with the ceiling surface on the indoor side of the opening structure.

The building of the present invention is characterized in that two or more faces of the room face the outer periphery of the building, and the opening structure is formed on two or more faces of the room facing the outer periphery of the building.

In the building of the present invention, the room is formed in a convex portion protruding from the outer periphery of the building, and a terrace floor is provided in an outdoor entrance corner adjacent to the room, and above the terrace floor. It is characterized in that a terrace roof is formed which is continuous from the eaves structure and has a terrace ceiling flush with the back surface of the eaves.

According to the opening structure of the present invention, since the sashes arranged continuously are provided apart from the structural pillars installed vertically along the reference line on the outer periphery of the building on the outdoor side, the sashes are placed at the positions of the structural pillars. It can be arranged without being influenced. In addition, since structural columns are not arranged on the left and right sides of the sash, adjacent sashes can be brought close to each other, and the transparent plate of the sash has a length from the ceiling surface to the floor surface, which opens the sash. The part structure can be made more open.

According to the opening structure of the present invention, since the structural pillar is a representative pillar, it is not necessary to provide a decorative material around the structural pillar, and the structural pillar can be utilized as a design.

According to the opening structure of the present invention, the side frame of the sash frame overlaps the structural pillar in the indoor and outdoor directions. Therefore, when viewed from indoors, the side frame of the sash frame is hidden by the structural pillar and cannot be visually recognized. Since it is recognized as a transparent plate of, the opening structure can be made more open.

According to the opening structure of the present invention, the width of the square formed by combining the side frames of adjacent sashes is shorter than the width of the structural pillar, so that the square is hidden behind the structural pillar when viewed indoors. It cannot be visually recognized, and it can be more reliably recognized as a large transparent plate, and the opening structure can be made more open.

According to the opening structure of the present invention, the side frame of the sash frame is fixed via a connecting member extending in the outdoor direction from the upper end of the structural column, so that the structural column is not arranged between the continuous sash frames. In addition, the sash frame can be supported. With such a configuration, the sash frame can be reliably supported even when the space behind the ceiling is not sufficient and the connecting material for supporting the sash frame cannot be extended from the structural beam.

According to the opening structure of the present invention, the upper frame of the sash frame is fixed via a connecting material extending from the structural beam in the outdoor direction, so that the connecting material can be hidden in the space behind the ceiling and the structural column is sashed. It can be placed independently of the frame.

According to the building of the present invention, the eaves back surface of the eaves structure provided on the outdoor side of the opening structure is formed flush with the ceiling surface on the indoor side of the opening structure, so that indoors and outdoors can be viewed from the indoor side. It can be continuously recognized as a space.

According to the building of the present invention, two or more sides of the room face the outer periphery of the building, and the opening structure is formed on two or more sides of the room facing the outer periphery of the building, so that the room on the indoor side feels more open. It can be a space with.

According to the building of the present invention, the room is formed in a convex portion protruding from the outer periphery of the building, and a terrace floor is provided in the outdoor entrance corner adjacent to the room, and an eave structure is provided above the terrace floor. Since a terrace roof is formed that is continuous from the eaves and has a terrace ceiling flush with the back of the eaves, the indoor ceiling surface, the back of the eaves, and the terrace ceiling are recognized as continuous ceilings, so that indoor and outdoor continuity Is emphasized, and the room on the indoor side can be made into a more open space.

The perspective view which shows the appearance composition of a building. Horizontal sectional view showing the floor plan composition of the first floor of the building. A partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 for explaining the configuration of a room having an opening structure and a terrace floor. Partially enlarged view showing the structure of structural columns and squares. A partially enlarged view showing the configuration of connecting members, structural columns, and squares arranged at the outer peripheral corners of a room. A vertical cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the opening structure. A partially enlarged view showing the structure of the column head and the connecting material of the structural column. A partially enlarged view showing the configuration of the column base of the structural column and the lower frame of the sash frame fixed to the foundation. Partially enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing the opening structure and the building when the transparent plate is single glass. A partially enlarged view showing the structure of structural columns and squares when the transparent plate is single glass. A partially enlarged view showing a structural column arranged at an outer peripheral corner of a room when the transparent plate is a single glass, and a butt portion of the transparent plate. As another embodiment, a diagram illustrating a state in which the upper frame of the sash frame is fixed by a connecting material extending from the structural beam to the outdoor side.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the opening structure 1 and the building 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the respective drawings. The building 2 in the present embodiment is a non-residential building where a large number of people gather, such as an auditorium. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the building 2 has a two-story purlin structure 3 with a gable, a one-sided flat roof structure 4 protruding from one outer wall on the gable side of the purlin structure 3, and a purlin structure 3. A flat roof portion 5 projecting from one outer wall on the eaves side is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the purlin structure 3 is provided with a large space 35 without pillars whose upper part is a stairwell in the center in the girder direction, and the staircase 36 and the second floor hall 37 overlooking the large space 35 are provided on both sides thereof. Is formed. The flat roof 6 is formed so as to project from one outer wall surface on the eaves side of the main building structure 3 in the flat roof portion 5, and under the flat roof 6, an indoor room 51 on the first floor and an outdoor garden terrace 52 are formed. Are formed adjacent to each other. Further, the lower house structure 4 is provided with an entrance space 41 and a toilet 42 for entering and exiting the building 2. The building 2 is not limited to a non-residential building, and may be a detached house or an apartment house.

The opening structure 1 is formed in the room 51 of the building 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the room 51 is formed in a convex portion protruding from the outer periphery of the building 2, and the opening structure 1 is formed on three surfaces facing the outer periphery of the building 2. The room 51 of the building 2 in the present invention is not limited to the one in which the opening structure 1 is formed on three surfaces, and may be one in which the opening structure 1 is formed on two surfaces.

As shown in FIG. 3, the opening structure 1 includes a plurality of structural columns 7 erected along a reference line N on the outer periphery of the building 2 and a sash 8 arranged apart from the structural columns 7 on the outdoor side. I have. The structural pillar 7 is, for example, a square timber with a square cross section having a side of 120 mm. The structural column 7 is fixed to a column base hardware 9 whose column base is fixed to the foundation 12, and the stigma is fixed to a structural beam 10 erected along the outer periphery of the building 2 via the stigma hardware 11.

The structural pillar 7 is erected so that the pillar core is located at the N core which is the reference line N for arranging the structural frame of the building 2. If the foundation 12 on the outer periphery of the building 2 is 80 mm from the N core to the indoor side and 80 mm to the outdoor side, the column base of the structural column 7 can be fixed, but 155 mm is further added to the outdoor side. This is for fixing the sash frame 81, which will be described later. Further, the structural beam 10 is a square timber having a beam length of 150 mm and a thickness of 120 mm in the indoor and outdoor directions, and is erected on the column head of the structural column 7. In the present embodiment, the structural pillar 7 is a representative pillar in which no decorative material is provided on the outer periphery.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the sash 8 has a sash frame 81 and a transparent plate 82 fitted into the sash frame 81. In the present embodiment, the transparent plate 82 is a rectangular double glazing plate that forms a hollow layer in which dry air is sealed between two glass plates. The transparent plate 82 may be a single plate glass or a double glazing plate composed of three or more plate glasses as described later. A sash frame 81 is provided on the outer periphery of the transparent plate 82. The sash frame 81 has an upper frame 81a, a lower frame 81b, and a pair of side frames 81c. The sash 8 in the present embodiment is fitted and killed, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the sash 8 may be, for example, a sliding sash 8.

As shown in FIG. 7, at least a part of the upper frame 81a is arranged higher than the ceiling surface 13, and the upper surface of the lower frame 81b has the same height as the floor surface 14 as shown in FIG. It is arranged like this. The outdoor end of the waterproof cover 15 extending from the structural beam 10 to the outdoor side is fixed to the upper frame 81a to prevent outside air and rainwater that have entered the ceiling of the eaves structure 16 from entering the room. There is. The edge of the ceiling decorative material 17a is in contact with the indoor surface of the upper frame 81a. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the lower frame 81b is welded and fixed to a bar 18 extending upward from the foundation 12. A foundation drain 19 for basic ventilation and waterproofing is installed between the lower frame 81b and the foundation 12. Since the upper frame 81a and the lower frame 81b are arranged so as to penetrate into the ceiling surface 13 and the floor surface 14, respectively, the transparent plate 82 has a length from the ceiling surface 13 to the floor surface 14 in the height direction. The opening structure 1 can be made into a large opening with a feeling of openness when viewed from the indoor side.

Further, the side frames 81c are formed by fitting and combining two side frames 81c of adjacent sashes 8 that are butted against each other to form a sash 83. The square 83 has a rectangular columnar shape having a rectangular outer peripheral shape in a horizontal cross section, and is formed to have a width of 100 mm in the indoor and outdoor directions and a width direction of 60 mm along the outer periphery of the building 2. The above-mentioned structural pillar 7 is formed with a width direction of 120 mm, which is a direction along the outer periphery of the building 2. The structural pillars 7 are arranged so as to overlap the indoor side of the square 83 to which the side frames 81c are combined, and the square 83 is hidden by the structural pillars 7 and cannot be visually recognized when viewed from the indoor side. The opening structure 1 of the present embodiment is formed over three surfaces of the room 51. A square 83 formed by fitting the side frames 81c of the sash 8 to each other is also provided at the outer peripheral corner of the room 51. Since the square 83, which is hidden by the structural pillar 7 and formed by combining the side frames 81c, cannot be visually recognized from indoors, the transparent plate 82 is recognized as a large transparent plate. Further, since the upper frame 81a and the lower frame 81b of the sash frame 81 are also hidden by the ceiling surface 13 and the floor surface 14, it becomes difficult to recognize the boundary with the outside, and the indoor room 51 becomes a space with a more open feeling. can do.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, a connecting member 20 extending in the outdoor direction from the upper end of the structural pillar 7 is fixed to the square 83 formed by combining the side frames 81c of the sash frame 81. The connecting member 20 includes a U-shaped first member fixed to the square 83 and a U-shaped second member fixed to the upper end outdoor side surface of the structural pillar 7 and viewed from above. It is formed by fixing with screws. In this way, in the sash 8, the lower frame 81b is fixed to the foundation 12 via the reinforcing bar 18, and the upper end of the sash 83 to which the side frame 81c is combined is attached to the upper end of the structural column 7 via the connecting member 20. Since it is fixed, the sash 8 can be fixed to the structural skeleton of the building 2 without being sandwiched between the structural columns 7. A connecting member 20 for the corners is fixed to the structural pillar 7 formed at the outer peripheral corners of the room 51, and the upper end of the square 83 arranged at the outer corners is fixed.

In the present embodiment, the upper portion of the sash frame 81 is fixed by connecting the connecting member 20 to the side frame 83 formed by combining the outdoor side surface of the upper end of the structural pillar 7 and the side frame 81c of the sash frame 81. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, when the eaves structure 16 has a slope and there is a margin in the ceiling, as shown in FIG. 12, the connecting material 21 extending from the outdoor side surface of the structural beam 10 in the outdoor direction is the upper frame of the sash frame 81. The structure may be such that 81a is fixed. According to such a configuration, since the connecting material 21 is hidden behind the ceiling, the opening structure 1 can be given a cleaner impression.

As shown in FIG. 7, a steel arm 22 extends toward the outdoor side of the structural beam 10. A wooden rafter 23 is fixed to the arm 22, and the rafter 23 supports the eaves structure 16 extending from the upper side of the opening structure 1 toward the outdoor side. A fireproof base surface material 26 made of ceramic siding is fixed to the rafters 23 via a hanging metal fitting (not shown), and a ceiling decorative material 17b is further fixed under the fireproof base surface material 26 via a furring strip 28 to form an eaves back surface 29. Is forming. The ceiling decorative material 17b has a wooden flat plate shape.

Further, the fireproof base surface material 27 of the gypsum board is also fixed to the ceiling on the indoor side, and the ceiling decorative material 17a is further fixed below the fireproof base surface material 27 via the furring strip 28 to form the ceiling surface 13. The ceiling decorative material 17b on the back surface 29 of the eaves and the ceiling decorative material 17a on the ceiling surface 13 are made of the same material and have the same shape. Further, the ceiling surface 13 and the eaves back surface 29 are arranged substantially flush with each other. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the eaves back surface 29 is formed lower by, for example, about 10 mm, but a slight step between the ceiling surface 13 and the eaves back surface 29 cannot be recognized when looking up from the indoor side. It is understood that it is a degree and is flush. Since the ceiling surface 13 and the eaves back surface 29 are formed of the same ceiling decorative materials 17a and 17b and are substantially flush with each other, it becomes difficult to recognize the indoor / outdoor boundary, and the indoor side to the outdoor side You can feel a sense of openness when you look at it. Further, since the fireproof base surface materials 26 and 27 are provided on the ceiling decorative materials 17a and 17b, the ceiling decorative materials 17a and 17b do not need to have fire resistance and are the same indoor and outdoor ceiling decorative materials 17a. , 17b can be easily adopted.

In the present embodiment, the sash 8 is formed of a transparent plate 82 of a double glazing plate, but the transparent plate 82 is not limited to this, and as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the sash 8 is simply formed. It may be flat glass. Even if the transparent plate 82 is formed of a single plate glass in this way, as shown in FIG. 10, the transparent plate 82 can be fitted into the sash frame 81 to form the sash 8. Then, the sash 8 having the transparent plate 82 of the single plate is also fitted with the two side frames 81c of the adjacent sashes 8 which are abutted against each other, and are combined to form the sash 83. Unlike the transparent plate 82 of double glazing, the sash 8 of such a single transparent plate 82 does not need to seal dry air between them, so that it is not necessary to cover the entire outer circumference with the sash frame 81. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, it is not necessary to arrange the side frames 81c at the outer peripheral corners of the room 51, and the transparent plates 82 can be butted as they are via the packing 30. Further, since the square 83 in which the side frame 81c is combined is not formed at the outer peripheral corner portion, the square 83 does not block the view from the indoor side, and the opening structure 1 with a more open feeling can be obtained. ..

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a garden terrace 52 is provided in the outdoor entrance corner adjacent to the room 51 formed in the convex portion on the outer periphery of the building 2. The terrace floor 31 of the garden terrace 52 is formed of a wood deck finish of artificial wood. The terrace floor is not limited to this, and for example, concrete may be cast and decorative tiles may be arranged on the surface thereof. It is formed. It is preferable that the boundary between the terrace floor 31 and the indoor room 51 is transparently formed by the opening structure 1, and the floor surface 14 of the room 51 and the upper surface of the terrace floor 31 are substantially flush with each other. Further, above the terrace floor 31, a terrace roof 33 is formed which is continuous from the eaves structure 16 and has a terrace ceiling 32 flush with the back surface 29 of the eaves. Since FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of the first floor, the terrace ceiling 32 and the terrace roof 33 are not shown, but for convenience of explanation, the terrace ceiling 32 and the terrace roof 33 are shown by a single point chain line. The terrace roof 33 is supported by two independent pillars 34. The floor surface 14 of the room 51 and the upper surface of the terrace floor 31 are flush with each other, and the ceiling surface 13, the eaves back surface 29, and the terrace ceiling 32 of the room 51 are flush with each other, so that the indoor room 51 and the outdoor terrace space are flush with each other. Since the boundary with the room 51 is less likely to be visually recognized, the feeling of openness of the room 51 can be further enhanced.

It goes without saying that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the idea of the present invention.

The opening structure 1 and the building 2 according to the present invention are suitable as, for example, a non-residential building.

1 Opening structure 2 Building 7 Structural pillar 8 Sash 10 Structural beam 13 Ceiling surface 14 Floor surface 17a Ceiling decorative material 17b Ceiling decorative material 20 Connecting material 21 Connecting material 29 Eaves back side 32 Terrace ceiling

Claims (9)

It is provided with a structural pillar that is erected along the reference line on the outer circumference of the building and a sash that is continuously arranged away from the structural pillar on the outdoor side.
The sash has a sash frame and a transparent plate fitted into the sash frame.
The transparent plate has an opening structure having a length from the ceiling surface to the floor surface in the height direction. The opening structure according to claim 1, wherein the structural pillar is a representative pillar. The sash frame has an upper frame, a lower frame, and a pair of side frames.
The opening structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the side frame overlaps the structural pillar in the indoor / outdoor direction. The third aspect of claim 3, wherein the squares are formed by combining the two side frames of the adjacent sashes that are butted against each other, and the width of the squares is shorter than the width of the structural columns. Opening structure. The opening structure according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the side frame is fixed to the sash frame via a connecting member extending in the outdoor direction from the upper end portion of the structural column. The opening according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the upper frame of the sash frame is fixed via a connecting material extending in the outdoor direction from a structural beam that fixes the column head of the structural column. Part structure. A building provided with a room having the opening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
An eaves structure is provided on the outdoor side of the opening structure.
A building characterized in that the back surface of the eaves of the eaves structure is formed flush with the ceiling surface on the indoor side of the opening structure. Two or more of the rooms face the outer circumference of the building.
The building according to claim 7, wherein the opening structure is formed on two or more surfaces facing the outer periphery of the building in the room. The room is formed in a convex portion provided on the outer periphery of the building.
A terrace floor is provided in the outdoor entrance corner adjacent to the room, and a terrace roof is formed above the terrace floor, which is continuous from the eaves structure and has a terrace ceiling flush with the back surface of the eaves. The building according to any one of claims 7 and 8, wherein the building is characterized by.

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