JP2020185810A - Rudder and ship with it - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rudder capable of effectively recovering propeller wake flow energy as a thrust and to provide a ship with it.SOLUTION: A rudder comprises a rudder body mounted behind a propeller of a ship and a camber reversing fin attached to at least one side face of a portside face or a starboard side face of the rudder body. The camber reversing fin has an upstream side face and a downstream side face both of which extend along a span direction between a leading edge and a trailing edge. The camber reversing fin has the camber with the shape that protrudes toward one side of the upstream side face or of the downstream side face in a first region of the span direction, and has the camber with the shape that protrudes toward the other side of the upstream side face or of the downstream side face in the second region of the span direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

The present disclosure relates to a rudder and a ship equipped with the rudder.

Conventionally, it has been proposed to provide a structure for recovering the energy of the flow behind the propeller as thrust in a ship.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a ship provided with rectifying fins and auxiliary rectifying fins on both side surfaces of a rudder located behind a propeller. The rectifying fin is provided at a position substantially equal to the axial center of the propeller, and has a camber that is convex in a direction along a downward flow or an upward flow generated by the rotation of the propeller. Further, the auxiliary rectifying fin is provided at a position separated from the back side of the rectifying fin in the height direction, and has a camber in the opposite direction to the rectifying fin. When a downward flow or an upward flow generated by the rotation of the propeller flows into the main rectifying fin, lift is generated in the main rectifying fin, and the horizontal component thereof becomes the thrust of the ship. Further, when the rotational flow generated by the rotation of the propeller hits the side surface of the rudder and the converted flow flows into the auxiliary rectifying fins, lift is generated in the auxiliary rectifying fins, and the horizontal component thereof becomes the thrust of the ship. ..

JP-A-2009-292414

By the way, depending on the shape of the propeller, the shape of the hull to which the propeller is attached, and the like, a vortex may be generated near the side surface of the rudder behind the propeller. When such a vortex is generated, a flow having a direction different from that of the swirling flow in the propeller rotation direction is partially generated in the propeller rotation region when viewed from the traveling direction of the ship, so that a normal fin (for example, a constant cross section) is generated. If a fin having a shape or the like is provided, it may not be possible to efficiently recover the thrust from the flow behind the propeller.

In view of the above circumstances, at least one embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a rudder capable of efficiently recovering the energy of the flow behind the propeller as a thrust and a ship equipped with the rudder.

(1) The rudder according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
The rudder body located behind the propeller of the ship,
Provided with camber reversing fins attached to at least one side surface of the port side or starboard side of the rudder body.
The camber reversing fins have upstream and downstream sides extending along the span direction between the leading and trailing edges, respectively.
The camber reversing fin has a camber having a shape protruding toward either the upstream side surface or the downstream side surface with respect to the chord of the camber reversing fin in the first region in the span direction, and the camber reversing fin is in the span direction. In the second region, it has a camber having a shape that projects toward the upstream side surface or the other side of the downstream side surface with respect to the wing chord.

If a vortex occurs in the port or starboard propeller rotation region behind the propeller, the vortex is an ascending or descending flow in the direction along the propeller rotation direction, and a downward flow in the opposite direction. Includes current or ascending current.
In this regard, in the configuration of (1) above, since the camber of the camber reversing fin is inverted in the first region and the second region in the span direction, the propeller rotation direction is relative to either the first region or the second region. An ascending or descending flow in the direction along the above can be flowed in, and a descending or ascending flow in the opposite direction to the other of the first region or the second region can be flowed in. it can. Therefore, according to the configuration of (1) above, the camber reversing fin can extract the energy of both the ascending flow and the descending flow generated behind the propeller as thrust. Therefore, the energy of the flow behind the propeller can be efficiently recovered with a simple configuration.

Hereinafter, in the present specification, the upward flow or the downward flow in the direction along the propeller rotation direction is also referred to as a "forward flow" for convenience, and the downward flow in the vertical direction opposite to the direction along the propeller rotation direction. The flow or ascending flow is also referred to as "reverse flow" for convenience.

(2) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (1) above,
The camber reversing fin has a proximal end attached to the one side surface and a tip located on the opposite side of the proximal end in the span direction.
The second region is located closer to the tip than the first region in the span direction.
The camber of the camber reversing fin has a shape that projects toward the upstream side surface with respect to the chord in the first region.
The camber of the camber reversing fin has a shape that projects toward the downstream side surface with respect to the chord in the second region.

When a vortex is generated behind the propeller, the swirling flow in the propeller rotation direction (that is, the above-mentioned forward flow) is relatively strong in the radial outer region of the propeller rotation region in the vicinity of the side surface of the rudder body. On the other hand, since this swirling flow collides with the side surface of the rudder body and is inverted in the vertical direction, the flow in the vertical direction is opposite to the swirling flow described above in the radial inner region of the propeller rotation region. (That is, the above-mentioned reverse flow) is relatively strong.
In this regard, according to the configuration of (2) above, the camber is located so that the first region is located on the proximal end side (that is, radially inside) and the second region is located on the distal end side (that is, radially outside). Since the reversing fins are provided, the forward flow formed on the radial outer side can flow into the second region where the upstream side surface is the ventral surface, and the reverse flow formed on the radial inner side can be flowed. , The downstream side can flow into the first region, which is the ventral surface. Therefore, according to the configuration of (2) above, the camber reversing fin can appropriately extract the energy of both the ascending flow and the descending flow generated behind the propeller as thrust. Therefore, the energy of the flow behind the propeller can be efficiently recovered with a simple configuration.

(3) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (1) or (2) above,
The positional relationship between the front edge and the trailing edge of the camber reversing fin in the vertical direction is reversed between the first region and the second region.

According to the configuration of (3) above, in the first region and the second region, the positional relationship between the leading edge and the trailing edge in the vertical direction is reversed according to the direction of the flow flowing into the camber reversing fin. Lift can be appropriately generated in the camber reversing fins in both the first region and the second region. As a result, both the ascending and descending energies generated behind the propeller can be more effectively extracted as thrust.

(4) In some embodiments, in any of the configurations (1) to (3) above,
When the length of the camber reversing fin in the span direction is L ₁ , the first region is within the range where the distance from the base end of the camber reversing fin is 0 or more and 0.5 L ₁ or less in the span direction. The area.

As described above, when a vortex is generated behind the propeller, in the radial inner region of the propeller rotation region, the flow in the vertical direction opposite to the swirling flow described above (that is, the reverse flow described above) is relatively large. strong. In this regard, according to the configuration of (4) above, since the first region of the camber reversing fin is provided at a position where the above-mentioned reverse flow is likely to occur in the span direction, this reverse flow is surely caused by the first region. It can be inflowed. Therefore, according to the configuration (4) above, both the ascending and descending energies generated behind the propeller can be effectively extracted as thrust.

(5) In some embodiments, in any of the configurations (1) to (4) above,
The camber of the camber reversing fin has a shape that continuously changes from the base end to the tip end of the camber reversing fin in the span direction.

According to the configuration of (5) above, since the camber of the camber reversing fin has a shape that continuously changes from the base end to the tip in the span direction, both the ascending flow and the descending flow generated behind the propeller Energy can be extracted more effectively as thrust.

(6) In some embodiments, in any of the configurations (1) to (4) above,
The camber of the camber reversing fin has a constant shape in at least one of the first region and the second region regardless of the position in the span direction.

According to the configuration of (6) above, at least one camber in the first region or the second region of the camber reversing fin has a constant shape regardless of the position in the span direction, so that the portion of the one region is processed. Is relatively easy.

(7) In some embodiments, in any of the configurations (1) to (6) above,
The rudder
Includes a first member that forms the camber reversing fin in the first region and a second member that is connected to the first member and forms the camber reversing fin in the second region.
The first member and the second member have the same cross-sectional shape.

According to the configuration of (7) above, the camber reversing fin is formed by the first member and the second member having the same cross-sectional shape. That is, the camber reversing fins can be formed by using the first member and the second member having the same shape, the parts can be shared, and the manufacturing cost of the camber reversing fins can be reduced.

(8) In some embodiments, in any of the configurations (1) to (7) above,
The rudder
It includes a pair of camber reversing fins attached to each of the port side side surface and the starboard side side surface of the rudder body.

According to the configuration of (8) above, camber reversing fins are provided on both the port side and starboard side of the rudder body, respectively, so that the ascending and descending flows generated behind the propeller on both the port side and the starboard side. Both energies can be extracted as thrust. That is, in a ship in which a vortex can be generated on both the port side and the starboard side behind the propeller, by adopting the configuration (8) above, both the energy of the upflow and the downflow generated behind the propeller are effectively thrust. Can be taken out as.

(9) In some embodiments, in any of the configurations (1) to (7) above,
The rudder
The camber reversing fin attached to either the port side side surface or the starboard side side surface of the rudder body,
With a normal camber fin attached to the port side side surface or the other side of the starboard side side.
The normal camber fin has a camber having a shape that projects toward one of the upstream side surface and the downstream side surface of the normal camber fin with respect to the chord of the normal camber fin over the entire span direction of the normal camber fin. ..

According to the configuration of (9) above, camber reversing fins are provided on one side surface of the port side and starboard side of the rudder body, and normal camber fins that do not reverse the camber in the span direction are provided on the other side. On one side of the starboard side provided with camber reversing fins, the energy of both the ascending flow and the descending flow generated behind the propeller can be extracted as thrust. That is, in a ship in which a vortex is likely to occur on either the port side or the starboard side behind the propeller, by adopting the configuration of (9) above, the energy of both the updraft and the downflow generated behind the propeller on one side is adopted. Can be effectively taken out as thrust, and the energy of the swirling flow due to the rotation of the propeller can be appropriately recovered as thrust even on the other side where vortices are unlikely to occur behind the propeller.

(10) The ship according to at least one embodiment of the present invention
With the hull
The propeller attached to the hull and
The rudder according to any one of (1) to (9) above, which is arranged behind the propeller.
To be equipped.

In the configuration of (10) above, since the camber of the camber reversing fin is inverted in the first region and the second region in the span direction, the camber of the camber reversing fin is inverted, so that the camber of the camber reversing fin is inverted along the propeller rotation direction with respect to either the first region or the second region. An ascending or descending flow in a vertical direction can be flowed in, and a downward or ascending flow in the opposite direction to the other of the first region or the second region can be flowed in. Therefore, according to the configuration of (10) above, the camber reversing fin can extract the energy of both the ascending flow and the descending flow generated behind the propeller as thrust. Therefore, the energy of the flow behind the propeller can be efficiently recovered with a simple configuration.

(11) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (10) above,
When the radius of the propeller was R _P, the first area of the camber inversion fins, the distance from the proximal end in the span direction is a region within the range of 0 to 0.4R _P less.

As described above, when a vortex is generated behind the propeller, in the radial inner region of the propeller rotation region, the flow in the vertical direction opposite to the swirling flow described above (that is, the reverse flow described above) is relatively large. strong. In this regard, according to the configuration of (11) above, since the first region of the camber reversing fin is provided at a position where the above-mentioned reverse flow is likely to occur in the span direction, this reverse flow is surely caused by the first region. It can be inflowed. Therefore, according to the configuration of (11) above, the energy of both the ascending flow and the descending flow generated behind the propeller can be effectively extracted as thrust.

According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a rudder capable of efficiently recovering the energy of the flow behind the propeller as thrust and a ship provided with the rudder.

It is a schematic diagram of an example of a ship provided with a rudder according to one embodiment. It is a schematic view which looked at the rudder which concerns on one Embodiment from the rear of the hull toward the front. It is a schematic view which looked at the rudder which concerns on one Embodiment from the rear of the hull toward the front. It is a schematic view which looked at the rudder which concerns on one Embodiment from the rear of the hull toward the front. It is a schematic diagram which shows the port side side surface of the rudder which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the starboard side side surface of the rudder which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the camber reversing fin shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 5 is a view of the camber reversing fin shown in FIG. 5 or 6 viewed from the rear to the front. It is a figure which shows the AA cross section of the camber reversing fin shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the BB cross section of the camber reversing fin shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the CC cross section of the camber reversing fin shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the camber reversing fin which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the generation of the thrust in the 1st region of the camber reversing fin which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the generation of the thrust in the 2nd region of the camber reversing fin which concerns on one Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the normal camber fin attached to the rudder which concerns on one Embodiment.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described as embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to this, but are merely explanatory examples. Absent.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of a ship provided with a rudder according to an embodiment. As shown in the figure, the ship 1 includes a hull 2, a propeller 4 attached to the hull 2, and a rudder 5 for adjusting the traveling direction of the hull 2.

The hull 2 has a bow 2a which is a portion located in the front, a stern 2b which is a portion located in the rear, and a bottom 3. The bow 2a has a shape that reduces the resistance that the hull 2 receives from a fluid such as seawater.

The propeller 4 is a propulsion machine that generates thrust of the hull 2 by rotating. The propeller 4 is rotationally driven by, for example, an engine or a turbine.

The rudder 5 has a rudder body 6 arranged behind the propeller 4 and port side fins 12 and starboard sides 6a and 6b (see FIGS. 2 to 4) of the rudder body 6 on the port side and starboard side, respectively. It has fins 14 on the side. Note that FIG. 1 is a view showing the starboard side of the ship, and the fins 12 on the port side are not shown.

The rudder body 6 includes a rudder horn 7 fixed to the stern 2b of the hull 2 and a rudder plate 8 supported by the rudder horn 7. The rudder plate 8 is connected to the rudder horn 7 via a rudder shaft (not shown) extending in the vertical direction, and the rudder shaft is driven by a driving device (not shown). At the same time, it can rotate around the central axis (rotation axis) of the rudder axis.

Hereinafter, the rudder 5 according to some embodiments will be described in more detail.

2 to 4 are schematic views of the rudder 5 according to the embodiment as viewed from the rear to the front of the hull 2, respectively. As described above, the fins 12 are attached to the port side side surface 6a of the rudder body 6, and the fins 14 are attached to the starboard side side surface 6b of the rudder body 6. The fins 12 and 14 may be attached to the rudder horn 7 of the rudder body 6, respectively, or may be attached to the rudder plate 8.

In some embodiments, the rudder 5 comprises camber reversing fins 10 attached to at least one side of the port side 6a or starboard side 6b of the rudder body 6. That is, at least one of the port side fin 12 and the starboard side fin 14 is the camber reversing fin 10. The camber reversing fins 10 are provided on one or both of the port side or starboard side where a vortex S (see FIGS. 2 to 4) can be generated (or a vortex is likely to be generated) behind the propeller 4.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the port side fin 12 is a camber reversing fin 10, and the starboard side fin 14 is a normal camber fin 32 (a fin having characteristics different from that of the camber reversing fin 10). In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the starboard side fin 14 is the camber reversing fin 10 and the port side fin 12 is the normal camber fin 32. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, both the port side fin 12 and the starboard side fin 14 are camber reversing fins 10.

The camber reversing fin 10 and the normal camber fin 32 are provided at substantially the same position as the rotation center _CP (see FIG. 2) of the propeller 4 in the height direction. And the center position of the camber reversed fin 10 or the normal camber fin 32 in the height direction, the distance in the height direction of the rotation center C _P of the propeller 4, when the radius of rotation of the propeller 4 and the R _{P (see} FIG. 2) , 0 or more and 0.2 × _RP or less.
In FIGS. 2 to 4, the locus 4a at the tip of the propeller 4 is shown by a broken line.

Further, the camber reversing fins 10 and the normal camber fins 32 are within the propeller rotation region when viewed from the front-rear direction of the hull 2, that is, within the region surrounded by the locus 4a of the tip of the propeller 4 shown in FIGS. Provided.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the port side side surface of the rudder 5 according to the embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the starboard side side surface of the rudder 5 according to the embodiment.
The rudder 5 shown in FIG. 5 is provided with camber reversing fins 10 on the port side. The port side side view of the rudder 5 shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 may be the same as that of FIG. The rudder 5 shown in FIG. 6 is provided with camber reversing fins 10 on the starboard side. The starboard side side view of the rudder 5 shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 may be the same as that of FIG.
7 is a perspective view of the camber reversing fin 10 shown in FIG. 5 or 6, and FIG. 8 is a view of the camber reversing fin 10 shown in FIG. 5 or 6 viewed from the rear to the front. 9A to 9C are cross-sectional views orthogonal to the span direction of the camber reversing fin 10 shown in FIG. 8, respectively, showing a cross section AA, a cross section BB, and a cross section CC of FIG. 8, respectively. Is.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the camber reversing fin 10 according to the embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 and 10, the camber reversing fins 10 according to some embodiments have a base end 20 attached to the side surfaces 6a and 6b of the rudder body 6 and a base end 20 in the span direction. Has a tip 22 located on the opposite side. Further, the camber reversing fins 10 extend on the upstream side surface 24 (upstream side surfaces 24A and 24B in FIG. 10) extending from the base end 20 to the tip end 22 along the span direction between the leading edge 16 and the trailing edge 18, respectively. It has downstream sides 26 (downstream sides 26A and 26B in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10).

In the present specification, the span direction is a direction connecting the center position of the chord at the base end 20 of the camber reversing fin 10 and the center position of the chord at the tip 22.

Further, in the present specification, the upstream side and the downstream side mean the upstream side and the downstream side in the rotation direction of the propeller 4. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, when the propeller 4 rotates clockwise when viewed from the rear to the front, on the port side, the lower side is the upstream side and the upper side is the downstream side in the vertical direction. On the starboard side, the upper side is the upstream side and the lower side is the downstream side in the vertical direction.

Therefore, when the camber reversing fin 10 is attached to the port side, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 5, the lower surface is the upstream side surface 24 and the upper surface is the downstream side surface 26. .. When the camber reversing fin 10 is attached to the starboard side, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, the upper surface is the upstream side surface 24 and the lower surface is the downstream side surface 26. ..

The camber reversing fin 10 has a camber having a shape protruding toward either the upstream side surface 24 or the downstream side surface 26 with respect to the chord of the camber reversing fin in the first region in the span direction, and the camber reversing fin 10 has a camber having a shape protruding toward one of the upstream side surface 24 and the downstream side surface 26. In two regions, it has a camber shaped to project toward the other of the upstream side surface 24 or the downstream side surface 26 with respect to the wing chord. Here, the second region of the camber reversing fin 10 is located closer to the tip 22 than the first region in the span direction.

Alternatively, the camber of the camber reversing fin 10 has a shape that projects toward either the upstream side surface 24 or the downstream side surface 26 with respect to the chord of the camber reversing fin 10 at the position of the maximum camber in the first region in the span direction. At the same time, the second region in the span direction has a shape that projects toward the other of the upstream side surface 24 or the downstream side surface 26 with respect to the chord of the camber reversing fin 10 at the position of the maximum camber. The position of the maximum camber is the position in the chord direction in which the amount of protrusion of the camber with respect to the chord is the largest.

Typically, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9A-9B, for example, the camber Lcam of the camber reversing fin 10 is directed toward the upstream side surface 24 with respect to the chord Lch in the first region on the proximal end 20 side. In addition to having a protruding shape (see FIG. 9A), it also has a shape protruding toward the downstream side surface 26 with respect to the chord Lch in the second region located on the tip 22 side of the first region (see FIG. 9B). ..
9A is a cross-sectional view of the camber reversing fin 10 of FIG. 8 in the first region, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view of the camber reversing fin 10 of FIG. 8 in the second region.

Alternatively, in some typical embodiments, the camber Lcam of the camber reversing fin 10 is directed toward the upstream side surface 24 with respect to the chord Lch at the position of the maximum camber Lcam_max in the first region on the proximal end 20 side. In addition to having a protruding shape (see FIG. 9A), in the second region located on the tip 22 side of the first region, a shape protruding toward the downstream side surface 26 with respect to the chord Lch at the position of the maximum camber Lcam_max. (See FIG. 9B).

Note that FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view of the camber reversing fin 10 at the position of the boundary between the first region and the second region in the span direction. In the cross section shown in FIG. 9C, the upstream side surface 24 and the downstream side surface 26 have a symmetrical shape with respect to the chord Lch. Therefore, on this cross section, the chord Lch and the camber Lcam coincide with each other.

When a vortex S is generated behind the propeller 4, the propeller rotation occurs in the radial outer region of the propeller rotation region (the region surrounded by the locus 4a in FIGS. 2 to 4) in the vicinity of the side surfaces 6a and 6b of the rudder body 6. The directional swirling flow (ie, forward flow) is relatively strong. On the other hand, since this swirling flow collides with the side surface of the rudder body and is inverted in the vertical direction, the flow in the vertical direction is opposite to the swirling flow described above in the radial inner region of the propeller rotation region. (That is, reverse flow) is relatively strong.

That is, when the propeller 4 rotates clockwise when viewed from the rear, as shown in FIG. 2 or 4, when a vortex S is generated in the propeller rotation region on the left side behind the propeller 4, the vortex S is is formed in the radially outer position, the direction of the upward flow F _{U (forward} flow) along the propeller rotation direction, and is formed in the radially inner position, opposite in the vertical direction and the upward flow F _U including descending flow _{F D} of (reverse flow).
Further, when the propeller 4 rotates clockwise when viewed from the rear, as shown in FIG. 3 or 4, when a vortex S is generated in the propeller rotation region on the right side behind the propeller 4, the vortex S is It is formed in the radially outer position, downflow F _{D (forward} flow) of the direction along the propeller rotation direction, and is formed radially inside one, opposite in the vertical direction with the descending flow F _D including upflow _{F U} (reverse flow).

In this respect, in the above-described embodiment, since the camber of the camber reversing fin 10 is reversed in the first region and the second region in the span direction, the camber of the camber reversing fin 10 is reversed in the propeller rotation direction with respect to either the first region or the second region. together along the direction of forward flow (the upward flow F _U or downflow F _D) can flow, relative to the other of the first region or the second region, the reverse direction opposite in the vertical direction from this can be made to flow into the flow (downflow F _D or upflow F _U).

More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the first region is located on the base end 20 side (that is, radially inside) and the second region is located on the tip 22 side (that is, radially outside). A camber reversing fin 10 is provided.

Therefore, the camber reversing fin 10 has a shape in which the camber Lcam projects toward the upstream side surface 24 in the first region located on the base end 20 side (that is, inward in the radial direction) (see FIG. 9A). A reverse flow (flow from the downstream side to the upstream side) formed inward in the radial direction can flow into the downstream side surface 26, which is a ventral surface.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 11, a flow F ₁ having a component in the opposite direction (direction from the downstream side to the upstream side) in the vertical direction flows into the first region of the camber reversing fin 10, so that the camber reversing occurs. Lift f _L1 is generated in the fin 10, and its horizontal component acts as thrust f _T1 of the ship 1. Note that FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the camber reversing fin 10 according to the first embodiment in the first region, and is a diagram for explaining the generation of the thrust f _T1 in the first region.

Further, the camber reversing fin 10 has a shape in which the camber Lcam projects toward the downstream side surface 26 in the second region located on the tip 22 side (that is, the outer side in the radial direction) (see FIG. 9B). A forward flow (flow from the upstream side to the downstream side) formed on the outer side of the direction can flow into the upstream side surface 24, which is a ventral surface.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 12, a flow F ₂ having a component in the forward direction (direction from the upstream side to the downstream side) flows in the second region of the camber reversing fin 10 in the vertical direction, so that the camber reversing occurs. Lift f _L2 is generated in the fin 10, and its horizontal component acts as the thrust f _T2 of the ship 1. Note that FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the camber reversing fin 10 according to the embodiment in the second region, and is a diagram for explaining the generation of the thrust f _T2 in the second region.

Therefore, according to the embodiment described above, in the first and second regions of the camber inversion fins 10, upward flow F _U and descending flow F _D thrust both energy f _T1 occurring behind the propeller _4, f _T2 Can be properly taken out as. Therefore, the energy of the flow behind the propeller 4 can be efficiently recovered with a simple configuration.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a normal camber fin 32 attached to the rudder 5 according to the embodiment, orthogonal to the span direction.

In some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 or 3, the rudder 5 has a camber reversing fin 10 attached to one of the port side 6a or starboard side 6b of the rudder body 6 and the port side. It is provided with a normal camber fin 32 attached to the other side of the side surface 6a or the starboard side 6b.

Normally, the camber fin 32 has a base end attached to the side surfaces 6a and 6b of the rudder body 6 and a tip located on the side opposite to the base end in the span direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the normal camber fin 32 has an upstream side surface 40 and a downstream side surface 42 extending along the span direction from the base end to the tip end, respectively, between the leading edge 36 and the trailing edge 38. ..

Then, the normal camber fin 32 faces either the upstream side surface 40 or the downstream side surface 42 of the normal camber fin 32 with respect to the chord Lch of the normal camber fin 32 over the entire span direction of the normal camber fin 32. It has a camber Lcam with a protruding shape. Alternatively, the camber of the normal camber fin 32 may be located on the upstream side surface 40 of the normal camber fin 32 or at the maximum camber position over the entire span direction of the normal camber fin 32 with respect to the chord Lch of the normal camber fin 32. It projects toward one of the downstream side surfaces 42.
Typically, as shown in FIG. 13, the normal camber fin 32 is downstream of the normal camber fin 32 with respect to the chord Lch of the normal camber fin 32 over the entire span direction of the normal camber fin 32. It has a camber Lcam that protrudes toward the side surface 42.

As shown in FIG. 2 or 3, the flow flowing into the fins on one of the port side or starboard side where vortices are unlikely to occur (the starboard side in FIG. 2 and the port side in FIG. 3) is the proximal end. in both regions regions and distal side (radially inner) (radially outward) forward flow (in FIG. 2 descending flow F _D, upflow in 3 from the upstream side toward the downstream side of the propeller rotational direction _FU ). Therefore, by adopting the normal camber fin 32 as the port side or starboard side fin where vortices are unlikely to occur, forward flow (flow from the upstream side to the downstream side) can be generated in both the proximal end side and the distal end side regions. , Can flow into the upstream side surface 40, which is the ventral surface.
At this time, since a flow having a component in the forward direction (direction from the upstream side to the downstream side) flows into the normal camber fin 32 in the vertical direction, lift is generated in the normal camber fin 32, and the horizontal component thereof is generated. It acts as the thrust of ship 1.

As described above, in the ship 1 where vortices are likely to occur on either the port side or starboard side behind the propeller 4, the above-mentioned normal camber fin 32 is provided on one of the port side or starboard side where vortices are unlikely to occur. By providing the propeller 4, the energy of the flow behind the propeller 4 can be efficiently recovered.

In some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the rudder 5 comprises a pair of camber reversing fins 10 attached to each of the port side 6a and starboard side 6b of the rudder body 6.

In this case, since the camber reversing fins 10 are provided on the port side and starboard side side surfaces 6a and 6b of the rudder body 6, respectively, the rise that occurs behind the propeller 4 on both the port side and the starboard side as described above. the energy of both streams F _U and descending flow F _D can be taken out as thrust. That is, in the marine vessel 1 vortices on both the port side and starboard side may occur at the rear of the propeller 4, by adopting the configuration described above, both the upflow F _U and descending flow F _D occurs behind the propeller 4 Energy can be effectively extracted as thrust.

In some embodiments, the positional relationship between the front edge 16 and the trailing edge 18 of the camber reversing fin 10 in the vertical direction is reversed between the first region and the second region.
For example, as shown in FIG. 8, in the first region, the leading edge 16 is located on the downstream side (upper side in FIG. 8) of the trailing edge 18 in the vertical direction, whereas in the second region, the leading edge 16 is located vertically. In the direction, the leading edge 16 is located on the upstream side (lower side in FIG. 8) of the trailing edge 18.

In this way, in the first region and the second region, the positional relationship between the leading edge 16 and the trailing edge 18 in the vertical direction is reversed according to the direction of the flow flowing into the camber reversing fin 10. Lift can be appropriately generated in the camber reversing fins 10 in both the region and the second region. As a result, both the ascending and descending energies generated behind the propeller 4 can be more effectively extracted as thrust.

In some embodiments, when the length of the camber reversing fin 10 in the span direction is L ₁ (see FIG. 8), the first region has a distance of 0 or more and 0.5 L ₁ from the base end 20 in the span direction. It exists within the following range.
The first region is in the span direction, to the distance from the proximal end 20 may extend over the entire range of 0 to 0.5 L ₁ or less, or extending a portion of the said range You may be doing it.
The first region may include the position of the proximal end 20 in the span direction.

Further, the second region may exist within a range in which the distance from the base end 20 in the span direction is 0.5 L ₁ or more and L ₁ or less.
The second region is in the span direction, to the distance from the proximal end 20 may extend over the entire area of 0.5 L ₁ or L ₁ the range or, extends to a portion within the range It may be present.
The second region may include the position of the tip 22 in the span direction.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, when the radius of the propeller 4 and the R _P (see FIG. 2), the first region of the camber inversion fin 10, the distance from the proximal end 20 in the span direction is 0 or 0.4R It exists within the range of _P or less.
The first region is in the span direction, to the distance from the proximal end 20 may extend over the entire range of 0 to 0.4R _P less, or extending a portion of the said range You may be doing it.

Further, in some embodiments, the second region of the camber inversion fin 10, the distance from the proximal end 20 in the span direction are present within the following ranges 0.4R _P or R _P.
The second region is in the span direction, to the distance from the proximal end 20 may extend over the entire the range 0.4R _P or R _P or, extends to a portion within the range It may be present.

As described above, when a vortex is generated behind the propeller 4, in the radial inner region of the propeller rotation region, a flow in the vertical direction opposite to the swirling flow described above (that is, the reverse flow described above) occurs. Relatively strong. In this regard, according to the above-described embodiment, since the first region of the camber reversing fin 10 is provided at a position where the above-mentioned reverse flow is likely to occur in the span direction, the reverse flow is surely flowed into the first region. Can be made to. Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, both the energy of the ascending flow and the energy of the descending flow generated behind the propeller 4 can be effectively extracted as thrust.

The camber reversing fin 10 may include a region other than the first region and the second region in the span direction. For example, the camber reversing fin 10 includes a third region (for example, a portion of the camber reversing fin 10 having a target shape as shown in FIG. 9C) between the first region and the second region in the span direction. You may be.

In some embodiments, the camber Lcam of the camber reversing fin 10 has a shape that continuously changes from the proximal end 20 to the distal end 22 in the span direction (see, eg, FIGS. 7 and 7). In this case, both the ascending and descending energies generated behind the propeller 4 can be more effectively extracted as thrust.

In some embodiments, the camber Lcam of the camber reversing fin 10 has a constant shape in at least one of the first or second regions, regardless of its position in the span direction (see, eg, FIG. 10). In some embodiments, the shapes of the upstream side surface 24 and the downstream side surface 26 of the camber reversing fin 10 may also have a constant shape regardless of the position in the span direction.
In this case, since the shape of the portion of the first region or the second region of the one region is basically a constant shape in the span direction, the processing of the portion is relatively easy. Therefore, the manufacturability of the camber reversing fin 10 is improved.

In some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, the camber reversing fin 10 is connected to a first member 28 forming the camber reversing fin 10 in the first region and a first member in the second region. Includes a second member 30 that forms the camber reversing fin 10. The first member 28 and the second member 30 have the same cross-sectional shape (the shape of the cross section orthogonal to the span direction).

In this case, the camber reversing fin 10 is formed by the first member 28 and the second member 30 having the same cross-sectional shape. That is, the camber reversing fin 10 can be formed by using the first member 28 and the second member 30 having the same shape, and the parts can be shared. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the camber reversing fin 10 can be reduced.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes a modified form of the above-described embodiments and a combination of these embodiments as appropriate.

In the present specification, expressions representing relative or absolute arrangements such as "in a certain direction", "along a certain direction", "parallel", "orthogonal", "center", "concentric" or "coaxial". Strictly represents not only such an arrangement, but also a tolerance or a state of relative displacement at an angle or distance to the extent that the same function can be obtained.
For example, expressions such as "same", "equal", and "homogeneous" that indicate that things are in the same state not only represent exactly the same state, but also have tolerances or differences to the extent that the same function can be obtained. It shall also represent the state of existence.
Further, in the present specification, the expression representing a shape such as a quadrangular shape or a cylindrical shape not only represents a shape such as a quadrangular shape or a cylindrical shape in a geometrically strict sense, but also within a range in which the same effect can be obtained. , The shape including the uneven portion, the chamfered portion, etc. shall also be represented.
Further, in the present specification, the expression "comprising", "including", or "having" one component is not an exclusive expression excluding the existence of another component.

1 Ship 2 Hull 2a Stern 2b Stern 3 Bottom 4 Propeller 4a Trajectory 5 Rudder 6 Rudder body 6a Side 6b Side 7 Rudder horn 8 Steering plate 10 Camber reversing fin 12 Port side fin 14 Starboard side fin 16 Front edge 18 Rear edge 20 Base end 22 the tip 24 upstream face 24A upstream face 26 downstream face 26A downstream face 28 first member 30 second member 32 normally after camber fin 36 leading 38 edge 40 upstream face 42 downstream face _{C P} rotation center Ccam camber Cch chord _{F D} falling flow _{F U} upflow Lcam camber Lch chord S eddy _{f L1} lift _{f L2} lift _{f T1} thrust _{f T2} thrust

Claims (11)

The rudder body located behind the propeller of the ship,
Provided with camber reversing fins attached to at least one side surface of the port side or starboard side of the rudder body.
The camber reversing fins have upstream and downstream sides extending along the span direction between the leading and trailing edges, respectively.
The camber reversing fin has a camber having a shape protruding toward either the upstream side surface or the downstream side surface with respect to the chord of the camber reversing fin in the first region in the span direction, and the camber reversing fin is in the span direction. In the second region, a rudder having a camber having a shape protruding toward the upstream side surface or the other of the downstream side surface with respect to the chord. The camber reversing fin has a proximal end attached to the one side surface and a tip located on the opposite side of the proximal end in the span direction.
The second region is located closer to the tip than the first region in the span direction.
The camber of the camber reversing fin has a shape that projects toward the upstream side surface with respect to the chord in the first region.
The rudder according to claim 1, wherein the camber of the camber reversing fin has a shape protruding toward the downstream side surface with respect to the chord in the second region. The rudder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the positional relationship between the front edge and the trailing edge of the camber reversing fin in the vertical direction is reversed between the first region and the second region. When the length of the camber reversing fin in the span direction is L ₁ , the first region is within the range where the distance from the base end of the camber reversing fin is 0 or more and 0.5 L ₁ or less in the span direction. The rudder according to any one of claims 1 to 3 that exists. The rudder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the camber of the camber reversing fin has a shape that continuously changes from the base end to the tip end of the camber reversing fin in the span direction. The rudder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the camber of the camber reversing fin has a constant shape regardless of the position in the span direction in at least one of the first region and the second region. .. Includes a first member that forms the camber reversing fin in the first region and a second member that is connected to the first member and forms the camber reversing fin in the second region.
The rudder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first member and the second member have the same cross-sectional shape. The rudder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a pair of camber reversing fins attached to each of the port side side surface and the starboard side side surface of the rudder body. The camber reversing fin attached to either the port side side surface or the starboard side side surface of the rudder body,
With a normal camber fin attached to the port side side surface or the other side of the starboard side side.
The normal camber fin has a camber having a shape that projects toward one of the upstream side surface and the downstream side surface of the normal camber fin with respect to the chord of the normal camber fin over the entire span direction of the normal camber fin. The rudder according to any one of claims 1 to 7. With the hull
The propeller attached to the hull and
The rudder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is arranged behind the propeller.
Vessels equipped with. When the radius of the propeller was R _P, the first area of the camber inversion fins to claim 10 where the distance from the proximal end in the span direction is present in the range of 0 to 0.4R _P less The listed vessel.

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