JP2020185523A - Fly ash treatment apparatus and fly ash treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fly ash treatment apparatus capable of further reducing loads on environment in the case of the landfill disposal of fly ash after treatment by the efficient immobilization of heavy metals in the fly ash even when the appropriate addition amount of a fly ash treatment agent is varied due to the difference in treatment conditions.SOLUTION: A fly ash treatment apparatus includes a fly ash supply part, a fly ash treatment agent supply part, a fly ash treatment part, and a fly ash treatment agent addition management part. The fly ash treatment agent addition management part has: a fly ash before treatment sampling part; a fly ash before treatment analysis part setting an appropriate addition amount range based on the properties of fly ash sampled in the fly ash before treatment sampling part and commanding addition in the range to the fly ash treatment agent supply part; and a fly ash after treatment analysis part measuring the treatment state of the fly ash treated in the fly ash treatment part and determining whether to perform landfill disposal based on the result of the measurement.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a fly ash treatment apparatus and a fly ash treatment method, and in particular, even when a trouble that hinders proper treatment of fly ash occurs during the treatment of fly ash, the fly ash is in the fly ash with higher reliability. The present invention relates to a fly ash treatment apparatus and a treatment method capable of insolubilizing heavy metals in the above.

The exhaust gas generated by incineration of waste is acid gas containing hydrogen chloride and sulfur oxides. Conventionally, such exhaust gas is treated with an exhaust gas treating agent such as slaked lime or baking soda, and then fly ash, which is a solid substance, is removed by a dust collector such as a bag filter, and then discharged from the chimney.

On the other hand, the fly ash collected by the dust collector usually contains heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, and chromium. Therefore, fly ash is designated as specially controlled general waste by the Waste Management Law, and it is obligatory to dispose of it by landfill after immobilizing (detoxifying) treatment so that heavy metals do not elute. There is.

As a fly ash treatment agent for fixing heavy metals contained in fly ash, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a phosphoric acid-based compound, a silicon dioxide-based compound, an iron-containing compound, and an acidic medium such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid. Inorganic heavy metal fixing agents such as Japanese agents are disclosed.

Such a fly ash treatment agent may be added in a fixed amount for each batch of fly ash treatment or for each specific amount of fly ash. In this case, depending on the ash properties of the fly ash, the fly ash is treated. Since the optimum amount of fly ash treatment agent varies, the addition of a certain amount of fly ash treatment agent is excessive to detoxify the fly ash even with a specific amount of fly ash treatment. It was inefficient in terms of environment and cost. For this reason, in recent years, from the viewpoint of proper treatment of fly ash and reduction of the amount of treatment agent used, a part of fly ash is collected and analyzed before treatment, and the amount of necessary treatment agent added is estimated and the amount is increased. A method of adding a treatment agent for the above has been proposed.

For example, in Patent Document 2, a chelating agent is used as a fly ash treatment agent, a part of the fly ash is collected, and the absorbance of an aqueous solution obtained by mixing the fly ash and the chelating agent is measured. A method for determining the amount of a heavy metal fixing agent as a fly ash treatment agent to be added to fly ash based on the absorbance is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-159269 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-49481

In the treatment method of Patent Document 2, since the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is estimated according to the properties of the fly ash to be treated, excess or deficiency is reduced as compared with the case where a fixed amount of the fly ash treatment agent is added. The amount of ash treatment agent added can be estimated accurately to some extent. When actually treating fly ash, for example, after estimating the minimum addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent, the amount obtained by adding a certain ratio to the minimum required amount of the fly ash treatment agent in consideration of the safety factor and the like. Is added as an appropriate amount to prevent a shortage of fly ash treatment agent. However, in such a method, the present inventors may, for example, cause a malfunction or failure of the fly ash treatment device, so that the supply amount of the fly ash or the fly ash treatment agent is different from the instruction, or It has been found that when the properties of the supplied fly ash change significantly, the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added may be excessive or insufficient. When the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is larger than the appropriate amount, the cost of the fly ash treatment agent increases, and when a chelating agent is used as the fly ash treatment agent as in Patent Document 2. , An organic fly ash treatment agent remains in the fly ash, and when the treated fly ash is disposed of at a controlled landfill site, the dissolved residual chelating agent inhibits nitrification in the leachate treatment process. The problem of increased COD load arises. On the other hand, if the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is less than the appropriate amount, unfixed heavy metals remain in the fly ash, and as a result, the elution of heavy metals is a specially controlled waste stipulated in the Waste Management Law. It may exceed the criteria for things. Therefore, in order to further reduce the load when the fly ash after being treated with the fly ash treatment agent is landfilled, there is room for further improvement in the fly ash treatment method.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when the fly ash is treated, the fly ash treatment agent required for proper treatment of the fly ash depends on the difference in the treatment conditions such as the properties of the fly ash. Even if the appropriate amount of addition fluctuates, the heavy metal in the fly ash is efficiently immobilized, and the load on the environment when the fly ash after treatment with the fly ash treatment agent is landfilled and disposed of is increased. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fly ash processing apparatus and a processing method capable of further reducing the amount.

The present inventors have conducted extensive research in order to achieve the above object. As a result, a fly ash supply unit that stores and supplies fly ash, a fly ash treatment agent supply unit that stores and supplies fly ash treatment agent, and a fly ash supply unit that supplies and supplies fly ash and a fly ash treatment agent. A fly ash treatment unit for adding a fly ash treatment agent from the supply unit to treat the fly ash, and a fly ash treatment agent addition control unit for instructing the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the fly ash treatment agent. In the fly ash processing apparatus provided with, the fly ash treatment agent addition control unit measures the properties of the fly ash before processing, which collects the fly ash, and the fly ash before processing, which measures the properties of the fly ash before processing. It has an ash analysis unit and a post-treatment fly ash analysis unit that measures the processing state of fly ash after processing by the fly ash treatment unit, and the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit collects the fly ash before treatment. Based on the properties of the fly ash, the appropriate amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment is set so that the fly ash treatment agent is added to the fly ash treatment unit within the proper addition amount range. Instructing the fly ash treatment agent supply unit, the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit determines whether or not the fly ash can be disposed of by landfill based on the measurement result of the processed state of the treated fly ash, thereby processing the fly ash. Even if the appropriate amount of fly ash treatment agent added for proper treatment of fly ash fluctuates due to differences in treatment conditions such as the properties of fly ash, fly ash after treatment with the fly ash treatment agent We have found that we can provide a fly ash treatment device and treatment method that can further reduce the burden on the environment and immobilize heavy metals when burying ash, and have completed the present invention. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

(1) A fly ash supply unit that stores and supplies fly ash, a fly ash treatment agent supply unit that stores and supplies a fly ash treatment agent, and a fly ash supply unit that supplies and supplies fly ash and the fly ash treatment. A fly ash treatment unit for adding a fly ash treatment agent from the agent supply unit to treat the fly ash, and a fly ash treatment agent addition instructing the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the fly ash treatment agent. A fly ash treatment device including a management unit, wherein the fly ash treatment agent addition management unit includes a pre-treatment fly ash collection unit for collecting fly ash, a pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit, and the fly ash treatment unit. It has a post-treatment fly ash analysis unit that measures the processing state of the fly ash processed in the above, and the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit is based on the properties of the fly ash collected by the pre-treatment fly ash collection unit. The appropriate amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment is set, and the fly ash treatment agent is supplied so that the fly ash treatment agent is added to the fly ash treatment unit within the appropriate addition amount range. A fly ash processing device that gives instructions to the unit and determines whether or not the landfill can be disposed of based on the measurement result of the processed state of the processed fly ash.

(2) Whether or not the fly ash analysis unit can dispose of the landfill after the treatment is determined by determining the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit based on the measurement result of the processed state of the treated fly ash. The calculation and determination based on whether or not the calculated actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is within the range of the appropriate amount of the fly ash is determined based on the result of measuring the treatment state of the treated fly ash. The excess or deficiency of the fly ash treatment agent, the actual addition amount is calculated, and it is determined whether or not the actual addition amount belongs to the appropriate addition amount range. The fly ash processing apparatus according to (1) above, which determines whether or not it is possible.

(3) A fly ash supply unit that stores and supplies fly ash, a fly ash treatment agent supply unit that stores and supplies a fly ash treatment agent, and a fly ash supply unit that supplies and supplies fly ash and the fly ash treatment. A fly ash treatment unit for adding a fly ash treatment agent from the agent supply unit to treat the fly ash, and a fly ash treatment agent addition instructing the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the fly ash treatment agent. A fly ash treatment device including a management unit, wherein the fly ash treatment agent addition management unit includes a fly ash collection unit before processing for collecting fly ash and a fly ash before processing by the fly ash treatment unit. The pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit has a pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit for measuring properties and a post-treatment fly ash analysis unit for measuring the processing state of fly ash after processing by the fly ash treatment unit. Based on the properties of the fly ash collected by the fly ash collecting unit before the treatment, the appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment is set, and the fly ash treatment agent is the appropriate addition amount range. The fly ash treatment agent supply unit was instructed to be added to the fly ash treatment unit, and the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit instructed the fly ash treatment unit to be added to the fly ash treatment unit. The actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the treatment unit is calculated, and it is determined that the calculated actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is out of the appropriate addition amount range and an excess or deficiency has occurred. Only when this is done, the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit is increased or decreased so that the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is within the appropriate addition amount range. A fly ash processing device that changes the instructions to the supply unit.

(4) A fly ash treatment method for treating fly ash by adding a fly ash treatment agent to fly ash.
The fly ash before the addition of the fly ash treatment agent is collected, and the appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment is set based on the properties of the collected fly ash, and the fly ash treatment agent. The pre-treatment fly ash analysis step of adding the fly ash within the appropriate addition amount range, the post-treatment fly ash analysis step of collecting the fly ash after the addition of the fly ash treatment agent and measuring the treatment state, and the post-treatment fly ash. A fly ash treatment method including an appropriate treatment determination step for determining whether or not landfill disposal is possible based on the measurement result of the fly ash treatment state in the ash analysis step.

(5) Whether or not the landfill can be disposed of in the appropriate treatment determination step is determined by calculating the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added based on the measurement result of the treated fly ash treatment state, and the calculated fly ash treatment. The fly ash treatment method according to (4) above, wherein it is determined whether or not the actual addition amount of the agent is within the appropriate addition amount range.

(6) A fly ash treatment method for treating fly ash by adding a fly ash treatment agent to fly ash. The fly ash before the addition of the fly ash treatment agent is collected, and the collected fly ash is collected. The pretreatment fly ash analysis step of setting the appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment and adding the fly ash treatment agent within the proper addition amount range, and the above-mentioned The fly ash is collected based on the results of the post-treatment fly ash analysis step of collecting the fly ash after the addition of the fly ash treatment agent and measuring the treatment state, and the measurement result of the fly ash treatment state in the post-treatment fly ash analysis step. The actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the treatment unit is calculated, and when the calculated actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is outside the range of the appropriate addition amount, it is excessive to treat the fly ash. Only in the proper treatment determination step for determining that a shortage has occurred and when it is determined that an excess or deficiency has occurred, the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is increased or decreased, and the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is the same. A fly ash treatment method including a step of changing the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added so that the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is within an appropriate range.

According to the present invention, when the fly ash is treated, the appropriate amount of the fly ash treatment agent added for the proper treatment of the fly ash varies depending on the treatment conditions such as the properties of the fly ash. However, the treatment of fly ash can further reduce the burden on the environment when the heavy metal in the fly ash is efficiently immobilized and the fly ash after being treated with the fly ash treatment agent is landfilled and disposed of. Equipment and processing methods can be provided.

The schematic flow chart of the construction example of the fly ash processing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment is shown. The schematic flow chart of the construction example of the fly ash processing apparatus which concerns on the prior art is shown.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the present invention is carried out with appropriate modifications within the scope of the object of the present invention. can do.

<Fly ash processing device of the first aspect>
FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a construction example of a fly ash processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, among the lines connecting the blocks, the solid line represents the flow of objects and the alternate long and short dash line represents the flow of information.

That is, the fly ash treatment device 1 mainly flies from the fly ash supply unit 11 that stores and supplies the fly ash, the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 that stores and supplies the fly ash treatment agent, and the fly ash supply unit 11. While supplying ash, a fly ash treatment agent is added from the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12, and the fly ash treatment unit 13 for treating the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent are added to the fly ash treatment unit 13. Is a device including a fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 that instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12. In addition to these, the fly ash treatment device 1 optionally has a data storage unit 15 for storing the correspondence such as the properties of the fly ash processed in the past and the addition conditions, and the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent are mixed. A water supply unit 16 for storing and supplying the water of the above is provided.

The fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 is a fly ash required for fly ash treatment based on the properties of the fly ash collection unit 141 before the treatment for collecting the fly ash and the fly ash collected by the fly ash collection unit 141 before the treatment. A pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142 that sets an appropriate range of the amount of the treatment agent added and instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the fly ash treatment agent to the fly ash treatment unit within the appropriate addition amount range. It has a post-processing fly ash analysis unit 143 for measuring the processing state of the fly ash processed by the fly ash processing unit 13. Then, among these, the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 determines whether or not the landfill disposal is possible based on the measurement result of the treated state of the treated fly ash.

In this way, the fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 analyzes the properties of the fly ash collected by the fly ash collection unit 141 before treatment, and based on the properties, the appropriateness of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment. The addition amount range is set, and the fly ash analysis unit 142 before treatment instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 that the fly ash treatment agent is added to the fly ash treatment unit within the appropriate addition amount range, and this instruction is given. By adding the fly ash treatment agent to the fly ash treatment unit 13 in such an amount, the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 receives the excess or deficiency of the treatment agent as compared with the case where a fixed amount of the fly ash treatment agent is added. Fly ash can be treated with a relatively small amount.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of a construction example of a fly ash processing apparatus according to a conventional technique exemplified in Patent Document 2. Similar to the present invention, this fly ash treatment device 2 adopts a configuration in which the properties of fly ash before the addition of the fly ash treatment agent are analyzed and the fly ash treatment agent is added based on the properties. Therefore, mainly, the fly ash supply unit 21 that stores and supplies fly ash, the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 22 that stores and supplies fly ash treatment agent, and the fly ash supply unit 21 supply and supply fly ash. The fly ash treatment agent is added from the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 22, and the fly ash treatment unit 23 for treating the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent are added to the fly ash treatment unit 23. The fly ash treatment agent addition management unit 24 instructed to the supply unit 22, the data storage unit 25 that stores the correspondence relationship such as the properties and addition conditions of the fly ash processed in the past, and the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent are mixed. A water supply unit 26 for storing and supplying water for this purpose is provided. Then, the fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 24 is necessary for the fly ash treatment based on the properties of the fly ash collecting unit 241 before the treatment for collecting the fly ash and the fly ash collected by the fly ash collecting unit 241 before the treatment. Pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 242 that sets the appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent and instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the fly ash treatment agent to the fly ash treatment unit within the appropriate addition amount range. And have.

When actually treating fly ash using the fly ash treatment device 2 according to the prior art, for example, after estimating the minimum addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent, the fly ash treatment agent is considered in consideration of the safety coefficient and the like. An amount obtained by adding a certain ratio to the minimum required amount of the above is added as an appropriate addition amount to prevent a shortage of fly ash treatment agent.

However, for example, the properties of the fly ash to be processed vary widely, or the fly ash supply unit 21 or the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 22 of the fly ash treatment device 2 malfunctions or malfunctions, resulting in an intended amount of fly ash or fly ash. The fly ash treatment agent is chemically deteriorated due to no addition of the treatment agent or long-term storage, and there is a difference between the amount actually added and the amount of the fly ash treatment agent that is the active ingredient contained therein. The fly ash cannot be treated properly, and the fly ash treatment agent may be in excess or deficiency compared to the optimum addition amount. In particular, when the fly ash treatment agent is added in a shortage compared to the optimum addition amount, unfixed heavy metals remain in the fly ash as described above, and when the heavy metals are reclaimed, the heavy metals are added to the environment. May leak.

Therefore, in the fly ash processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 measures the processed state of the fly ash processed by the fly ash processing unit 13, and the measurement result of the processed state of the processed fly ash. Based on, it is determined whether or not the landfill can be disposed of. In this way, the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 determines whether or not the fly ash can be disposed of in landfill based on the measurement result of the treated state of the treated fly ash, thereby using the optimum amount of the fly ash treatment agent to fly ash. For example, there is a large variation in the properties of the fly ash to be processed, or the fly ash supply unit 11 and the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 of the fly ash processing device 1 have a problem or failure, and the intended amount of fly ash is removed. The amount of fly ash treatment agent actually added due to the absence of ash or fly ash treatment agent or the chemical deterioration of the fly ash treatment agent due to long-term storage, and the amount of fly ash treatment agent contained therein. Even if there is a difference between the two, the fly ash can be treated stably and the elution of heavy metal into the environment can be suppressed. Hereinafter, each part constituting the fly ash processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be specifically described.

[Fly ash supply unit]
The fly ash supply unit 11 stores and supplies fly ash. The fly ash supply unit 11 is not particularly limited, but for example, a tank for storing fly ash and a quantitative feeder capable of quantifying and discharging a certain amount of fly ash can be used in combination.

The fly ash supply unit 11 is connected to the fly ash processing unit 13 at least in a state where the fly ash can be supplied. Further, the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 is in a state where at least instructions can be received from the fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 (particularly, the fly ash analysis unit 142 before treatment and the fly ash analysis unit 143 after treatment). It is connected, and the amount of addition may be controlled by the fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 (the instruction route is not shown).

The fly ash supply unit 11 can include a fly ash supply amount measuring unit 111. By providing the fly ash supply unit 111 in this way, it is possible to confirm whether or not the fly ash as instructed has been added to the fly ash processing unit 13. The fly ash supply amount measuring unit 111 is not particularly limited as long as it measures the amount of fly ash supplied to the fly ash processing unit 13, but specifically, the fly ash supply unit 11 and the fly ash processing unit 13 are used. A flow meter and a mass meter provided between the two, and a mass meter and a level meter provided in a tank for storing fly ash can be used. One of these may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. More accurate measurement can be performed by using two or more different devices.

[Fly ash treatment agent supply unit]
The fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 stores and supplies the fly ash treatment agent. The fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 is not particularly limited, but for example, a tank for storing the fly ash treatment agent and a quantitative feeder capable of quantifying and discharging a certain amount of the fly ash treatment agent may be used in combination. Can be done.

The fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 is connected to the fly ash treatment unit 13 at least in a state where the fly ash treatment agent can be supplied. Further, the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 is in a state where at least instructions can be received from the fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 (particularly, the fly ash analysis unit 142 before treatment and the fly ash analysis unit 143 after treatment). It is connected.

Further, the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 can include a fly ash treatment agent supply amount measuring unit 121. By providing the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 121 in this way, it is possible to confirm whether or not the fly ash treatment agent as instructed has been added to the fly ash treatment unit 13. The fly ash treatment agent supply amount measuring unit 121 is not particularly limited as long as it measures the amount of the fly ash treatment agent supplied to the fly ash treatment unit 13, but specifically, the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 A flow meter and a mass meter provided between the fly ash treatment unit 13 and a fly ash treatment unit 13, a mass meter and a level meter provided in a tank for storing the fly ash treatment agent, and the like can be used. One of these may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. More accurate measurement can be performed by using two or more different devices.

(Fly ash treatment agent)
The fly ash treatment agent is not particularly limited as long as it can insolubilize (immobilize) heavy metals, and for example, an organic fly ash treatment agent or an inorganic fly ash treatment agent can be used.

The organic flying ash treatment agent is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a dithiocarbamic acid-based chelating agent because it can react favorably with a heavy metal such as a chelating agent and preferably insolubilize the heavy metal. It is more preferred to use dialkyldithiocarbamate, cycloalkyldithiocarbamate, piperazin dithiocarbamate, tetraethylenepentamine dithiocarbamate, polyamine dithiocarbamate. As the organic fly ash treatment agent, one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.

The above-mentioned dithiocarbamic acid-based chelating agent becomes insoluble by coordinating the sulfur element of the dithiocarbamic acid group with a heavy metal ion such as lead to neutralize the charge.

The inorganic fly ash treatment agent is not particularly limited, but phosphoric acid-based compounds, silicon dioxide-based compounds, aluminum sulfate, iron-containing compounds, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and the like can be used.

Of these, the phosphoric acid-based compound forms hydroxyapatite, which is a sparingly soluble mineral, with calcium in the ash, and incorporates heavy metals into the crystal structure to insolubilize them. The silicon dioxide compound forms calcium silicate, which is a sparingly soluble mineral, with calcium in the ash, and incorporates heavy metals into the crystal structure to insolubilize them. Aluminum sulfate forms ettringite, which is a sparingly soluble mineral, with calcium in ash, and incorporates heavy metals into the crystal structure to insolubilize it. The reducing divalent iron salt reduces hexavalent chromium to insoluble trivalent chromium and insolubilizes heavy metals as a hydroxide. Acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid are insolubilizing aids that adjust the alkalinity to be suitable for insolubilizing heavy metals.

[Fly ash processing unit]
The fly ash treatment unit 13 is a reaction for treating fly ash by mixing the fly ash treatment agent added from the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 with the fly ash supplied from the fly ash supply unit 11. It is a place. That is, the fly ash processing unit 13 is for mixing, and for example, a kneader can be used. The fly ash processing unit 13 may be processed by a batch type (batch type) or a continuous type. The batch type has higher processing accuracy. In addition, the fly ash treatment unit 13 includes mixing means such as a stirring blade for mixing the fly ash, the fly ash treatment agent, and water supplied from them.

As described above, since fly ash usually contains heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, and chromium, the heavy metals contained in the fly ash are immobilized prior to the landfill of the fly ash. There is a need. Therefore, the fly ash treatment unit 13 insolubilizes the heavy metal by mixing and reacting the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent.

The fly ash processing unit 13 is connected to the fly ash supply unit 11 in a state where the fly ash can be supplied from the fly ash supply unit 11, and the fly ash treatment agent can be supplied from the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12. It is connected to the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 in a state, and is also connected to the water supply unit 16 in a state where water can be supplied from the water supply unit 16.

The source and components of the fly ash to be insolubilized (immobilized) by the fly ash processing unit 13 are not particularly limited, and the fly ash generated by incineration of various wastes is not particularly limited. Can be used.

As described above, the amount of fly ash to be treated is not particularly limited, and it can be appropriately designed in consideration of the amount of fly ash to be treated, the treatment time, the capacity of the reactor, and the like.

The water content of the fly ash treated by the fly ash treatment unit 13 is determined between the fly ash treatment unit 13 or the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143, or between the fly ash treatment unit 13 and the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143. A post-treatment fly ash water content measuring unit for measuring can be provided (not shown). The amount of water added to the fly ash may be adjusted based on the fly ash water content measured by the fly ash water content measuring unit after this treatment. The post-treatment fly ash water content measuring unit is not particularly limited as long as it measures the water content contained in the fly ash after the treatment with the fly ash treatment agent, but specifically, electric resistance, electric capacity, etc. are used. A device that can directly measure the fly ash after treatment, a device that measures the weight before and after evaporating and drying the fly ash after treatment, a device that samples the fly ash after treatment and measures the thermal weight (TG measurement), and the like can be used. .. The water content in the fly ash after the treatment, which is measured by the fly ash water content measuring unit after the treatment in this way, may be transmitted to the data storage unit 15 and stored.

[Fly ash treatment agent addition control department]
The fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 to add the fly ash treatment agent to the fly ash treatment unit 13. The fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 is required for the fly ash treatment based on the properties of the fly ash collecting unit 141 before the treatment for collecting the fly ash and the fly ash collected by the fly ash collecting unit 141 before the treatment. The pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit that sets the appropriate addition amount range of the ash treatment agent and instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 so that the fly ash treatment agent is added to the fly ash treatment unit 13 within the appropriate addition amount range. It has 142 and a post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 that measures the processing state of the fly ash processed by the fly ash processing unit 13. Then, the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 determines whether or not the landfill can be disposed of based on the measurement result of the treated state of the treated fly ash. The fly ash collecting unit 141 before processing is arranged between the fly ash supply unit 11 and the fly ash processing unit 13 in FIG. 1, but the arrangement location is the fly ash supply unit 11 or the fly ash processing. It may be provided in the portion 13, or may be provided in the front stage of the fly ash supply portion 11 (not shown).

The frequency of collecting fly ash in the pre-treatment fly ash collecting unit 141 is not particularly limited, and it should be performed continuously or intermittently (for example, once an hour, once every few hours, once a day, etc.). Can be done.

The pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142 sets an appropriate range of the amount of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment based on the properties of the fly ash collected by the pre-treatment fly ash collection unit 141, and sets the fly ash treatment agent. Is instructed to the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 to be added to the fly ash treatment unit 13 within an appropriate addition amount range.

For example, in the case where the fly ash analysis unit 142 before treatment uses a chelating agent as the fly ash treatment agent, a specific operation of the fly ash analysis unit 142 before treatment will be described. Fly ash is collected and sufficiently immersed in water (for example, 0.5 to 10 g of fly ash per 1 L of water) to dissolve the water-soluble components in the fly ash, and then an excess amount is added to the water. A chelating agent is added, and the amount of the free chelating agent is measured by absorbance or the like. The amount of free chelating agent is calculated from the peak absorbance, and the value obtained by subtracting the amount of free chelating agent from the total amount of added chelating agent is divided by the mass of fly ash collected and used for the test. The minimum required amount of chelating agent for fly ash per mass can be determined. For the appropriate addition amount range, for example, the lower limit is set to this minimum required amount, and the upper limit is the value obtained by multiplying the minimum required amount by the safety coefficient determined by comprehensively judging from the safety factor / economy and reduction of environmental load. And the sum of the minimum required amounts.

The required amount of chelating agent is proportional to the amount of soluble heavy metal contained in fly ash, but it may also be affected by coexisting components such as activated carbon. Therefore, a chelating agent is added stepwise to fly ash to react, and the amount at which heavy metals are not eluted by the elution test is experimentally determined as the minimum elution prevention amount. The relationship between the minimum elution prevention amount obtained by testing in advance and the above minimum required amount is calculated as a coefficient, and by correcting using this coefficient, the minimum elution prevention amount can be obtained from the minimum required amount. This value may be used as the lower limit of the optimum addition amount range.

The safety coefficient is, for example, a pre-calculated error range between the minimum required amount and the minimum elution prevention amount and the processing error of the device (specifically, fly ash supply amount error, chemical supply amount error, fly ash). The amount required to maintain proper treatment due to the error in the uniformity of mixing of chemicals and chemicals, the amount required to allow a margin from the impact on economic efficiency and environmental load, environmental load monitoring, and treated fly ash. It is calculated in consideration of the upper limit of the surplus amount that does not cause the problem of nitrification inhibition or COD load increase when the surplus chelating agent that dissolves in the leachate water is treated in the leachate water when it is disposed of in the controlled landfill disposal site.

The above-mentioned dithiocarbamic acid as a chelating agent has specific absorption in an ultraviolet region near 300 nm, and the concentration can be measured by detecting the absorbance at this wavelength. However, fly ash contains various impurities, and these impurities can affect the absorbance. Therefore, by adding a reagent that reacts with this dithiocarbamic acid to color it, the influence of impurities can be eliminated and the chelating agent concentration can be measured more accurately.

In addition, a specific operation of the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142 will be described with respect to the case where the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142 uses an inorganic fly ash treatment agent as the fly ash treatment agent. From the relationship between the pH in the aqueous solution in which the water-soluble component of fly ash is dissolved and the solubility of the heavy metal ion to be immobilized, the pH range for the maximum concentration of the heavy metal ion to be lower than the dissolution standard in the landfill is determined. .. Then, the amount of the inorganic fly ash treatment agent added is determined so that the aqueous solution obtained by immersing the fly ash to be treated in water has the above pH range. Basically, fly ash and water are 10% by mass (3% as solids in the case of landfill on the sea surface) according to the verification method for metals contained in industrial waste (Notice No. 13 of the Environment Agency). An aqueous solution obtained by mixing at a ratio of 1 to 2 and shaking for 6 hours is used. For example, measurement is performed in the range of water: fly ash = more than 10: 1 to 2000: 1 (mass ratio), and water: fly ash. The state when mixed at = 10: 1 (mass ratio) may be predicted.

For example, when the heavy metal ion to be treated is lead, the pH is 9.3, which is the lowest solubility. Therefore, the maximum concentration at which lead can be dissolved is within the range below the elution standard, centering on pH = 9.3. Ask. The more soluble lead in fly ash, the higher the equilibrium concentration in the solution, and it is expected that this range will be narrower.

Since many components coexist in fly ash and it is difficult to calculate, the alkalinity (or the amount of acid / alkali added) is changed using the fly ash to be treated, and the corresponding amount of heavy metal elution is adjusted. The appropriate range may be determined by experimentally determining the relationship between the alkalinity (or the amount of acid / alkali added) and the amount of heavy metal eluted.

The post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 measures the processing state of the fly ash processed by the fly ash processing unit 13, and determines whether or not the landfill can be disposed of based on the measurement result.

The frequency of collecting fly ash to be analyzed by the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 is not particularly limited, and it is performed continuously or intermittently (for example, once an hour, once every few hours, once a day). be able to. The frequency of collecting fly ash (fly ash after treatment) analyzed by the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 is the frequency of collecting fly ash (fly ash before treatment) in the pre-treatment fly ash collection unit 141 described above. It may or may not match. It is preferable that the frequencies of all collections are the same, and that the fly ash before and after the treatment is collected so as to correspond (for example, the same lot is used for batch type, and the timing is adjusted for continuous type). However, if the properties of the fly ash before treatment are generally constant, or if the treatment with the fly ash treatment agent is performed uniformly, the frequency should always be the same, or the time should be such that the fly ash before and after the treatment corresponds. There is no need to match. When the properties of fly ash before treatment are large, the frequency of collecting fly ash (fly ash before treatment) in the fly ash collection unit 141 before treatment and the fly ash analyzed by the fly ash analysis unit 143 after treatment. It is advisable to increase the frequency of collecting (fly ash after treatment). In addition, the interval between the time of collecting fly ash (fly ash before treatment) in the pre-treatment fly ash collection unit 141 and the time of collecting fly ash (fly ash after treatment) analyzed by the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 is The shorter the better.

The method for measuring the treatment state of fly ash is not particularly limited as long as the amount of heavy metal eluted from the fly ash can be specified. For example, the fly ash after treatment by the fly ash analysis unit 143 after treatment is collected. After sufficiently immersing it in water to dissolve the water-soluble components in the fly ash, the amount of heavy metals contained in the water is analyzed by a method such as inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopic analysis measurement. Just do it.

Further, for example, in the case where a chelating agent is used as the fly ash treatment agent, a specific operation of the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 will be described. The fly ash treated by the fly ash treatment unit 13 is collected by the fly ash analysis unit 143 after the treatment, and is sufficiently immersed in water to dissolve the water-soluble components in the fly ash, and then in the water. The amount of free chelating agent is measured by absorbance or the like without adding a chelating agent. In the presence of the free chelating agent, almost all heavy metals are fixed by the chelating agent, so whether or not the amount of the free chelating agent is present indicates whether or not almost all heavy metals are immobilized. You can also do it.

When a chelating agent is used as the fly ash treatment agent, as another means, the fly ash after the treatment by the fly ash analysis unit 143 after the treatment is collected, sufficiently immersed in water, and the fly ash is sufficiently immersed. After dissolving the water-soluble component in the water, a chelating agent is added to the water, and the amount of the free chelating agent is measured by absorbance or the like. If the amount of the free chelating agent is equal to the amount of the chelating agent added to the collected fly ash, it is judged that an appropriate amount of the chelating agent is added. On the other hand, if the amount of the free chelating agent is larger than that added to the collected fly ash, it can be said that the surplus chelating agent is added in the fly ash treatment unit 13. Further, if the amount of the free chelating agent is smaller than that of the chelating agent added to the collected fly ash, the chelating agent is further consumed by the fly ash even though the fly ash is treated. It can be said that there is a shortage of ash treatment agent.

As described above, the heavy metal that can be eluted from the fly ash after the treatment with the fly ash treatment agent can be confirmed, and it is confirmed that the heavy metal is fixed by the measurement result such as the amount of the heavy metal. , It is possible to judge whether or not the landfill can be disposed of.

In addition, whether or not the fly ash analysis unit 143 can dispose of the landfill after treatment is determined by calculating the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit 13 based on the measurement result of the treated state of the fly ash. , It is also possible to judge whether or not the calculated actual addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent is within the appropriate addition amount range. Here, the "actual addition amount" is a value calculated based on the measurement result of the processed state of the processed fly ash, and is not necessarily supplied from the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 to the fly ash treatment unit 13. Does not match the value. For this "actual addition amount", for example, when a chelating agent is used as the fly ash treatment agent, the amount of the free chelating agent can be calculated as described above to calculate the surplus amount of the chelating agent. On the other hand, when only a small amount of the free chelating agent is detected or when it is not detected at all, the degree of treatment of the heavy metal is insufficient. Therefore, the fly ash is sufficiently immersed in water to remove the water-soluble component in the fly ash. After dissolution, a sufficient amount of chelating agent is added to the water to generate a free chelating agent, and the amount of the free chelating agent is measured by absorbance or the like. The amount of excess or deficiency chelating agent calculated in this way is calculated. Then, the actual addition amount is calculated from the quantitative relationship (for example, proportional relationship) with the amount instructed by the fly ash analysis unit 142 before the treatment to the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12.

When a chelating agent is used as the fly ash treatment agent, as another means, the fly ash after the treatment by the fly ash analysis unit 143 after the treatment is collected, sufficiently immersed in water, and the fly ash is sufficiently immersed. After dissolving the water-soluble component in the water, a chelating agent is added to the water, and the amount of the free chelating agent is measured by absorbance or the like. If the amount of the free chelating agent is equal to the amount of the chelating agent added to the collected fly ash, it is judged that an appropriate amount of the chelating agent is added. On the other hand, if the amount of the free chelating agent is larger than that added to the collected fly ash, it can be said that the surplus chelating agent is added in the fly ash treatment unit 13. Further, if the amount of the free chelating agent is smaller than that of the chelating agent added to the collected fly ash, the chelating agent is further consumed by the fly ash even though the fly ash is treated. It can be said that there is a shortage of ash treatment agent. The actual addition amount is calculated from the quantitative relationship (for example, proportional relationship) between the excess addition amount or the insufficient addition amount and the amount instructed by the fly ash analysis unit 142 before the treatment to the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12. You may.

When a phosphoric acid-based compound is used as the fly ash treatment agent, a certain amount of fly ash is sufficiently immersed in water to dissolve the water-soluble component in the fly ash, and then the pH of the water is measured. However, the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added can be calculated from the pH value and the calibration curve of the pH prepared in advance and the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added.

Then, if the actual addition amount calculated as described above is within the appropriate addition amount range calculated by the fly ash analysis unit 142 before treatment, the heavy metal is properly immobilized and the landfill treatment is performed. On the other hand, if the calculated actual addition amount is out of the proper addition amount range, the heavy metal has not been properly fixed and cannot be landfilled, so reprocessing is required. judge.

[Data storage]
The data storage unit 15 stores the correspondence relationship such as the properties of the fly ash processed in the past and the addition conditions, and creates a database of the records of the past fly ash treatment. The data storage unit 15 may be various storage media.

The data storage unit 15 includes a pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142, a post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143, a fly ash supply amount measurement unit 111, a fly ash treatment agent supply amount measurement unit 121, a water supply amount measurement unit 161 and a post-treatment fly ash. Various data are connected from the ash water content measuring unit in a state where at least various data can be received.

The data stored in the data storage unit 15 is not particularly limited, but for example, the range of the appropriate amount of the fly ash treatment agent calculated by the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142 and the fly ash measured by the fly ash supply amount measurement unit 111. Supply amount, fly ash treatment agent supply amount measured by the fly ash treatment agent supply amount 121, water supply amount measured by the water supply amount measurement unit 161, and treatment measured by the fly ash water content measurement unit after treatment. The water content of fly ash, which is the target, is mentioned, and the correspondence between them is stored in a database.

[Water supply section]
The water supply unit 16 stores and supplies water. The water supply unit 16 is not particularly limited, but for example, a tank for storing water and a quantitative feeder capable of quantifying and discharging a certain amount of water can be used in combination.

The water supply unit 16 is connected to the fly ash treatment unit 13 at least in a state where water can be supplied.

Further, the water supply unit 16 can include a water supply amount measuring unit 161. By providing the water supply amount measuring unit 161 in this way, it is possible to confirm whether or not the water as instructed has been added to the fly ash processing unit 13. The water supply amount measuring unit 161 is not particularly limited as long as it measures the amount of water supplied to the fly ash treatment unit 13, but specifically, between the water supply unit 16 and the fly ash treatment unit 13. A flow meter or mass meter provided, or a mass meter or level meter provided in a tank for storing water can be used. One of these may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. More accurate measurement can be performed by using two or more different devices.

<Fly ash treatment method of the first aspect>
The fly ash treatment method of the first aspect can be performed, for example, by using the fly ash treatment apparatus of the first aspect described above. This fly ash treatment method is a fly ash treatment method for treating fly ash by adding a fly ash treatment agent to the fly ash, and the fly ash before the addition of the fly ash treatment agent is collected and collected. Based on the properties of the fly ash, a pretreatment fly ash analysis step of setting an appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment and adding the fly ash treatment agent within the appropriate addition amount range, and a pretreatment fly ash analysis step. Based on the post-treatment fly ash analysis step of collecting the fly ash after the addition of the fly ash treatment agent and measuring the treatment state and the measurement result of the fly ash treatment state in the post-treatment fly ash analysis step, the landfill disposal It is a method including an appropriate processing determination step for determining whether or not it is possible. Specifically, the flow of performing this fly ash treatment method will be described using the fly ash treatment device 1 shown in FIG. However, this fly ash treatment method can be performed automatically for all steps using the fly ash treatment device 1 as shown in FIG. 1, or can be performed manually for some or all steps or operations. it can.

[Preparation]
The fly ash processing device 1 is actually operated to perform measurement and analysis before processing the fly ash. The fly ash analysis unit 142 before processing, the fly ash analysis unit 143 after processing, the fly ash supply amount measuring unit 111, It is preferable to confirm whether normal measurement and analysis can be performed on the fly ash treatment agent supply amount measurement unit 121, the water supply amount measurement unit 161 and the post-treatment fly ash water content measurement unit.

Further, it is preferable to confirm whether the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent can be uniformly mixed in the fly ash treatment unit 13. The fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent may not be uniformly mixed due to the deterioration of the fly ash treatment unit 13 and the mixing of foreign substances in the fly ash. Therefore, in order to confirm the mixability of the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent, an index substance (for example, a lithium aqueous solution such as a lithium chloride aqueous solution) was added to the fly ash treatment agent and mixed, and the fly ash obtained was mixed several times. By collecting, analyzing the concentration of the index substance and confirming the variation, the mixability of the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent by the fly ash processing unit 13 can be confirmed. Then, if the mixing property is not good, it is considered to adjust the amount of water from the water supply unit 16 and to adjust the mixing rate and the mixing time. Lithium is used because it is difficult to detect from fly ash after normal waste incineration and has little impact on the environment.

In this way, preparations are made, the mixability of the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent is confirmed, and the fly ash treatment is performed under conditions of good mixing, so that the fly ash treatment agent is not properly mixed. It is possible to prevent the concentration of the fly ash treatment agent from being biased and the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 from improperly sampling.

[Fly ash treatment]
(Pre-treatment fly ash analysis process)
When operating the fly ash treatment apparatus 1, the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142 collects a part of the fly ash before the addition of the fly ash treatment, and is necessary for the fly ash treatment based on the properties of the collected fly ash. The fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 is instructed to set an appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent and add the fly ash treatment agent within the appropriate addition amount range.

When fly ash contains activated carbon, the minimum addition amount is detected to be smaller than that of the process analysis method (No. 13 elution test) for obtaining the treatment reference value, so the appropriate addition amount range is corrected based on this knowledge. You may.

Here, the fly ash is supplied to the fly ash processing unit 13 from the fly ash supply unit 11. As described above, in the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 which received an instruction about the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added from the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142, the fly ash treatment agent was added by that amount and kneaded sufficiently. Mix. At this time, if necessary, water may be added from the water supply unit 16 to the fly ash treatment unit 13 to facilitate kneading.

(Post-treatment fly ash analysis process)
Then, a part of the fly ash after being kneaded with the fly ash treatment agent for a predetermined time and treated is collected by the fly ash analysis unit 143 after the treatment, and the treatment state is measured.

(Appropriate processing judgment process)
Next, the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 determines whether or not landfill is possible based on the result of this measurement.

Whether or not the landfill can be disposed of can be determined in the same manner as described above. As an example, the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is calculated based on the measurement result of the treated state of the treated fly ash. , It is determined whether or not the calculated actual addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent is within the appropriate addition amount range.

The fly ash treatment method as described above can be performed by either a batch method (batch method) or a continuous method. In the case of batch processing, the fly ash analysis unit 142 before the start of one batch sets an appropriate range of the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added. On the other hand, in the case of the continuous method, the fly ash analysis unit 142 before the treatment continuously or periodically sets the appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent. As for the frequency of collecting fly ash in the case of continuous method, it is preferable to check the degree of change in the properties of fly ash and the speed of the change and confirm the optimum frequency in advance.

Further, in the case of performing the treatment by the batch method, the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is calculated by the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 at the end of each batch. On the other hand, when the treatment is carried out continuously or periodically, the fly ash analysis unit 143 calculates and confirms the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added. The time for collecting the fly ash for calculating the actual addition amount by the fly ash analysis unit 143 after the treatment is preferably after the mixing is stable.

By the above treatment, it is possible to prevent the elution of heavy metals into the environment and perform more stable fly ash treatment while treating the amount of fly ash treatment agent in an appropriate amount without excessive addition. it can.

By confirming the processing tendency in real time, it is possible to quickly respond to a processing defect in the unlikely event.

In case of processing failure or deterioration of processing ability is confirmed in case of processing failure, an alarm or the like may be provided.

When a processing failure occurs, identify the cause of the judgment failure and take necessary measures. Specifically, the causes of unnecessary treatment are deterioration of processing (mixing) accuracy, deterioration of accuracy of each measuring device or analytical device, change in fly ash properties, addition of fly ash treatment agent and measurement of fly ash properties after addition. Analyze by dividing into timing deviations.

Then, when the treatment (mixing) accuracy is lowered, the amount of humidified water is adjusted. If it still does not improve, it is considered that the processing (mixing) device is defective, such as deterioration of the stirring blades, so maintenance of the processing (mixing) device is performed.

If the accuracy of each measuring device or analytical device deteriorates, various maintenance, repairs, replacement with new ones, etc. will be performed.

In the case of a change in the properties of fly ash, the degree of deviation between the actual required amount and the measurement result in the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit is examined, and the correction of the appropriate addition rate calculation formula in the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit (for example). The degree of deviation is converted into a correction coefficient, and the correction coefficient is integrated.)

Collected before and after the addition of the fly ash treatment agent. The post-treatment fly ash analysis unit that measures the treatment status of the fly ash processed by the fly ash treatment unit, and the measurement interval between the two for measuring the properties of fly ash. It is preferable to configure the fly ash treatment device in such a way that the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added can be controlled more accurately by making it as short as possible.

[Maintenance]
Pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142, post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143, fly ash supply amount measurement unit 111, fly ash treatment agent supply amount measurement unit 121, water supply amount measurement unit 161 and post-treatment fly ash water content measurement unit, etc. , Analytical equipment and measuring equipment are preferably monitored to confirm that proper processing is always maintained. Further, when a hard foreign substance is mixed in the fly ash, the load on the fly ash processing unit 13 may increase. Such a load of the fly ash processing unit 13 can be detected from, for example, the pressure received by the stirring blades, and the operating state and the mixed state of the fly ash and the fly ash treatment agent can be confirmed.

In maintenance, it is preferable to periodically update the calibration lines used for each analysis (for example, the calibration lines for absorbance). In addition, it is preferable to check the sensor sensitivity of the measuring device on a regular basis. Furthermore, it is preferable to periodically check the water quality of the water used for the treatment (water of the water supply unit 16).

Further, it is preferable to periodically replace the fly ash treatment agent to be used and various filters in the fly ash treatment device 1. It is preferable to periodically check the operation of the fly ash processing device 1.

In addition, it is preferable that the fly ash before and after the treatment is also periodically collected, officially analyzed, and cross-checked with the measured values of the fly ash analysis unit 142 before the treatment and the fly ash analysis unit 143 after the treatment.

<Fly ash processing device of the second aspect>
The fly ash treatment device of the second aspect according to the present invention has the same configuration as the fly ash treatment device 1 of the first aspect described above, but the operation of the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 is mainly different. Therefore, since the flow diagram of the configuration of the fly ash processing apparatus of the second aspect is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 1, it will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 as appropriate. The pre-treatment fly ash of the configuration common to the fly ash treatment apparatus of the first aspect (fly ash supply unit 11, fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12, fly ash treatment unit 13, and fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14). The description of the sampling unit 141, the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142, and the water supply unit 16) will be omitted.

[Fly ash treatment agent addition control department]
The fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 to add the fly ash treatment agent to the fly ash treatment unit 13. The fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 14 is required for the fly ash treatment based on the properties of the fly ash collecting unit 141 before the treatment for collecting the fly ash and the fly ash collected by the fly ash collecting unit 141 before the treatment. The pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit that sets the appropriate addition amount range of the ash treatment agent and instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 so that the fly ash treatment agent is added to the fly ash treatment unit 13 within the appropriate addition amount range. It has 142 and a post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 that measures the processing state of the fly ash processed by the fly ash processing unit 13.

Then, in the fly ash processing apparatus of the second aspect, as described above, the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 has a different operation from the fly ash processing apparatus of the first aspect, and specifically processes the fly ash. Based on the measurement result of the fly ash treatment state, the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit 13 is calculated, and the calculated actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is out of the appropriate addition amount range. Therefore, only when it is determined that excess or deficiency has occurred, the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit 13 is increased or decreased, and the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is within the appropriate addition amount range. The instruction to the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 is changed so as to be.

The actual calculation method of the addition amount can be carried out in the same manner as the above-mentioned method.

When the actual addition amount calculated in this way is outside the appropriate addition amount range set by the fly ash analysis unit 142 before treatment, it is determined that excess or deficiency has occurred, and the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 is determined. Instruct to change the amount of fly ash treatment agent added. Specifically, when the actual addition amount is large in the appropriate addition amount range, it is determined that the addition is excessive, and an instruction is given to reduce the addition amount, and the actual addition amount is also small in the appropriate addition amount range. Judges that the amount of addition is insufficient, and instructs to increase the amount of addition.

<Fly ash treatment method of the second aspect>
The fly ash treatment method of the second aspect can be performed, for example, by using the fly ash treatment apparatus of the second aspect described above. The fly ash treatment method of the second aspect is a fly ash treatment method for treating fly ash by adding a fly ash treatment agent to the fly ash, and the fly ash before the addition of the fly ash treatment agent is applied. Based on the properties of the collected fly ash, the appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment is set, and the fly ash treatment agent is added within the appropriate addition amount range. Based on the analysis step, the post-treatment fly ash analysis step of collecting the fly ash after the addition of the fly ash treatment agent and measuring the treatment state, and the measurement result of the fly ash treatment state in the post-treatment fly ash analysis step. , Calculate the actual amount of fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit, and if the calculated actual amount of fly ash treatment agent added is out of the proper addition amount range, it is too much to treat the fly ash. The amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is increased or decreased only in the proper treatment determination step of determining that a shortage has occurred and only when it is determined that an excess or deficiency has occurred, and the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is the appropriate amount. It is a method including a step of changing the addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent so as to be within the range. It should be noted that this fly ash treatment method can also be performed automatically for all steps using the fly ash treatment device 1 as shown in FIG. 1, or can be performed manually for some or all steps or operations. it can.

This fly ash treatment method is different from the fly ash treatment method of the first aspect described above in that the specific operation of the appropriate treatment determination step is different and that the fly ash treatment agent addition amount is changed. .. Hereinafter, these two steps will be specifically described.

(Appropriate processing judgment process)
In the appropriate treatment determination step, the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit 13 is calculated based on the measurement result of the fly ash treatment state in the post-treatment fly ash analysis step, and the calculated fly ash is calculated. When the actual addition amount of the treatment agent is out of the appropriate addition amount range, it is a step of determining that there is an excess or deficiency in treating the fly ash.

That is, when the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added by the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 is within the range of the appropriate amount of the fly ash treatment agent added by the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142, it is appropriate. It is determined that the fly ash treated in this way can be disposed of in landfill.

On the other hand, when the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added by the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 is larger than the appropriate amount of the fly ash treatment agent added by the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142, the fly ash is added. Is well treated and can be landfilled. However, the addition of excess fly ash treatment agent causes an increase in cost, and when an organic fly ash treatment agent such as a chelating agent is used as the fly ash treatment agent, the organic required for the treatment of fly ash If it is added in excess of the amount of the system treatment agent added, the COD emission amount increases by the amount of the excess addition. Therefore, the instruction of the addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent to the fly ash treatment agent supply unit 12 is changed so that the excess addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent is reduced and the actual addition amount is within the appropriate addition amount range. There is a need to.

Further, when the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added by the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit 143 is less than the appropriate amount of the fly ash treatment agent added by the pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 142, the fly ash is sufficient. It cannot be disposed of in landfill because it has not been processed. In such a case, the processed fly ash is sent to an apparatus system for reprocessing, where it is processed.

According to such a fly ash treatment method, when the fly ash is treated, the appropriate amount of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment varies depending on the properties of the fly ash and the like. However, it can be corrected to the correct and appropriate amount, and it is effective to increase the treatment cost due to excessive addition of the fly ash treatment agent and to cause the problem of COD load when the treated fly ash is landfilled. It is possible to prevent heavy metals in fly ash with higher reliability.

1 Fly ash processing equipment 11 Fly ash supply unit 111 Fly ash supply amount measurement unit 12 Fly ash treatment agent supply unit 121 Fly ash treatment agent supply amount measurement unit 13 Fly ash treatment unit 14 Fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 141 Fly ash before treatment Ash collection unit 142 Fly ash analysis unit before processing 143 Fly ash analysis unit after processing 15 Data storage unit 16 Water supply unit 161 Water supply amount measurement unit 2 Fly ash treatment device 21 Fly ash supply unit 211 Fly ash supply amount measurement unit 22 Fly ash Ash treatment agent supply unit 221 Fly ash treatment agent supply amount measurement unit 23 Fly ash treatment unit 24 Fly ash treatment agent addition control unit 241 Pre-treatment fly ash collection unit 242 Pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit 25 Data storage unit 26 Water supply unit 261 Water supply measurement unit

Claims (6)

A fly ash supply unit that stores and supplies fly ash,
The fly ash treatment agent supply unit that stores and supplies the fly ash treatment agent,
A fly ash treatment unit for processing fly ash by supplying a fly ash from the fly ash supply unit and adding a fly ash treatment agent from the fly ash treatment agent supply unit.
A fly ash treatment agent addition control unit that instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the fly ash treatment agent,
It is a fly ash processing device equipped with
The fly ash treatment agent addition control unit
Pre-processing fly ash collection unit for collecting fly ash and
Pre-treatment fly ash analysis department and
A post-processing fly ash analysis unit that measures the processing state of the fly ash processed by the fly ash processing unit,
Have,
The pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit sets an appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment based on the properties of the fly ash collected by the pre-treatment fly ash collection unit, and the fly ash treatment. Instruct the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the agent to the fly ash treatment unit within the appropriate addition amount range.
The post-treatment fly ash analysis unit is a fly ash treatment device that determines whether or not landfill disposal is possible based on the measurement result of the treated state of the treated fly ash. Whether or not the fly ash can be disposed of by landfill in the post-treatment fly ash analysis unit is determined by calculating the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit based on the measurement result of the processed state of the treated fly ash. The fly ash treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the calculated actual addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent is determined based on whether or not it is within the appropriate addition amount range. A fly ash supply unit that stores and supplies fly ash,
The fly ash treatment agent supply unit that stores and supplies the fly ash treatment agent,
A fly ash treatment unit for processing fly ash by supplying a fly ash from the fly ash supply unit and adding a fly ash treatment agent from the fly ash treatment agent supply unit.
A fly ash treatment agent addition control unit that instructs the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the fly ash treatment agent,
It is a fly ash processing device equipped with
The fly ash treatment agent addition control unit
Pre-processing fly ash collection unit for collecting fly ash and
A pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit that measures the properties of fly ash before processing by the fly ash processing unit,
A post-processing fly ash analysis unit that measures the processing state of fly ash after processing by the fly ash processing unit,
Have,
The pre-treatment fly ash analysis unit sets an appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment based on the properties of the fly ash collected by the pre-treatment fly ash collection unit, and the fly ash treatment. Instruct the fly ash treatment agent supply unit to add the agent to the fly ash treatment unit within the appropriate addition amount range.
The post-treatment fly ash analysis unit calculates the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit based on the measurement result of the processed state of the treated fly ash, and the calculated fly ash treatment The amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit is increased or decreased only when it is determined that the actual addition amount of the agent is outside the appropriate addition amount range and an excess or deficiency has occurred. , The fly ash treatment apparatus for changing the instruction to the fly ash treatment agent supply unit so that the addition amount of the fly ash treatment agent is within the appropriate addition amount range. It is a fly ash treatment method for treating fly ash by adding a fly ash treatment agent to fly ash.
The fly ash before the addition of the fly ash treatment agent is collected, and the appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment is set based on the properties of the collected fly ash, and the fly ash treatment agent. In the pre-treatment fly ash analysis step of adding within the appropriate addition amount range,
A post-treatment fly ash analysis step of collecting the fly ash after the addition of the fly ash treatment agent and measuring the treatment state, and
A fly ash treatment method including an appropriate treatment determination step for determining whether or not landfill disposal is possible based on the measurement result of the fly ash treatment state in the post-treatment fly ash analysis step. Whether or not the landfill can be disposed of in the proper treatment determination step is determined by calculating the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added based on the measurement result of the treated state of the fly ash, and the calculated actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent. The fly ash treatment method according to claim 4, wherein it is determined whether or not the amount of the ash added is within the range of the appropriate amount of the added amount. It is a fly ash treatment method for treating fly ash by adding a fly ash treatment agent to fly ash.
The fly ash before the addition of the fly ash treatment agent is collected, and the appropriate addition amount range of the fly ash treatment agent required for the fly ash treatment is set based on the properties of the collected fly ash, and the fly ash treatment agent. In the pre-treatment fly ash analysis step of adding within the appropriate addition amount range,
A post-treatment fly ash analysis step of collecting the fly ash after the addition of the fly ash treatment agent and measuring the treatment state, and
Based on the measurement result of the fly ash treatment state in the post-treatment fly ash analysis step, the actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent added to the fly ash treatment unit was calculated, and the calculated actual amount of the fly ash treatment agent was calculated. When the addition amount of the fly ash is out of the proper addition amount range, the proper treatment determination step of determining that an excess or deficiency has occurred in processing the fly ash, and
Only when it is determined that excess or deficiency has occurred, the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is increased or decreased so that the amount of the fly ash treatment agent added is within the range of the appropriate amount of the fly ash treatment. A fly ash treatment method including a fly ash treatment agent addition amount changing step for changing the addition amount of the agent.

Images