JP2020133978A - Dryer and liquid recovery device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a vacuum dryer excellent in dry efficiency and capable of easily recovering a dried product.SOLUTION: A dryer 1 has a processing container 18 having a heat insulating layer 37 and a heating space 38, and a rotor 19 arranged inside the processing container 18. The rotor 19 has a rotational shaft 31, and a pair of first arms 42 and a pair of second arms 43. A grinding member 44 is fixed to the pair of first arms 42, and a stirring member 45 is fixed to the pair of second arms 43. An object W to be processed is pressed against the inner surface of the processing container 18 by the grinding member 44, but the stirring member 45 has an excellent function of scraping up the object W to be processed, so that the object W to be processed is prevented from sticking to the inner surface of the processing container 18, and the dried object W to be processed is easily collected.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a decompression type (vacuum type) drying device and a liquid recovery device using the same.

Utilizing the fact that the boiling point decreases when the pressure is reduced, an apparatus is used in which the object to be treated is efficiently dried (evaporated) by heating under reduced pressure. There are various properties of the object to be treated, but since finely crushed and cut objects are accumulated in the processing container, the object to be processed is agitated and sucked onto the surface in order to promote evaporation. Need to work. Therefore, the decompression type drying device includes a rotary stirring device (for example, Patent Document 1).

Further, in order to promote evaporation (drying), it is preferable that the object to be treated is as fine as possible. Therefore, a crushing device (crushing device) is also provided in the drying device (for example, Patent Documents 2 to 4).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-106768 Special Publication No. 52-38350 JP-A-2002-59116 Japanese Patent No. 4209784

As described above, the drying efficiency can be improved by providing the drying device with a crushing function. In particular, when the leaves, roots, stems, fruits, flowers, or seaweed (seaweed) of plants are dried and the biological water (tissue water, cell water) is extracted by distillation, the surface area should be increased by making it as small as possible. Then it is suitable. It is also important to evenly stir the fragmented / granulated object to be treated and expose it to the air in the processing container. In other words, it can be said that uniform stirring and uniform crushing are important for efficient drying.

Therefore, in Patent Document 2, since the cutter is only provided in the vertically rotating spinner, only the bottom portion of the object to be processed accumulated in the processing container can be crushed, while the centrifugal spinner can be crushed. It cannot be said that the circulation of the processing container is sufficient because the stirring is performed by the above, and therefore, it is considered that neither the stirring function nor the crushing function is sufficient.

On the other hand, Patent Documents 3 and 4 are understood to be superior in stirring function and crushing function as compared with Patent Document 2 because the cutter portion is provided on the stirring blade that greatly stirs the object to be processed, but the cutter itself is Since it does not have a stirring function, it is presumed that there is a limit in improving the stirring function and the crushing function. Further, there is a concern that the object to be processed is excessively pressed by the cutter portion on the inner surface of the processing container, causing the object to be processed to stick to the inner surface of the processing container.

The present invention has been made in the wake of such a current situation, and its main object is to improve the stirring function and the crushing function of the object to be treated to improve the drying efficiency. Further, the present application includes novel configurations that have not been conventionally found in many fields such as a heating structure of a processing container, a structure for taking out an object to be processed after drying, and a structure for making a drying device compact. Providing an improved structure such as No. 4 which is not available in the prior art can also be a problem.

The present invention includes a drying device and a liquid recovery device, and the drying device specifies a typical example thereof in claims 1 to 6.

Of these, the invention of claim 1 forms a superordinate concept.
"The processing container into which the object to be processed is placed and
A decompression means for depressurizing the inside of the processing container and
A heating means for heating the inside of the processing container and
Discharge means for discharging the steam generated inside the processing container and
It has a rotating body arranged inside the processing container. "
It has a basic structure.

Then, in claim 1, in the above basic configuration,
"The rotating body has a stirring member having a stirring function of the object to be processed, and a crushing member having a crushing function in addition to the stirring function.
The stirring member and the crushing member are arranged so as to be separated from each other in at least one direction of the rotation direction, the rotation axis direction, or the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis. "
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 2 is an example of developing the invention of claim 1 in a horizontal dryer, and in claim 1,
"The rotating body has a rotating shaft arranged horizontally, and a plate-shaped stirring member and a crushing member in a posture parallel to the rotating shaft, and the stirring member and the crushing member rotate around each other. While they are separated in the direction and are connected to the rotating shaft by arms, respectively.
At least a portion of the processing container lower than the rotation axis is an arc portion centered on the axis of the rotation axis when viewed from the direction of the axis of the rotation axis, and the crushing member and the stirring member thereof The tip is designed to orbit in close proximity to the arc portion.
In addition, a plurality of fixed blades are arranged side by side in the arc portion of the processing container in a direction parallel to the rotation axis, and cutout portions are formed in the stirring member and the crushing member so as not to collide with the fixed blades. are doing"
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 3 is also an example in which claim 1 is developed in a horizontal dryer, and in claim 1,
"The rotating body has the stirring member and the crushing member arranged in a substantially horizontal posture, and a pair of rotating brackets in which the stirring member and the crushing member are connected at the end thereof.
One of the pair of rotating brackets is fixed to a first rotating shaft that protrudes inward from one end of the processing container, and the other rotating bracket projects inward from the other end of the processing container. It is fixed to the two rotation axes,
The stirring member and the crushing member are fixed to the both rotating brackets in a state of being separated in the circumferential direction. "
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 4 is an example in which claim 1 is developed into a vertical dryer, and in claim 1,
"While the processing container is a vertical type having a circular shape in a plan view and a tapered portion of a constriction,
The rotating body has a rotating shaft that rotates in a substantially vertical posture at the center of the processing container, and a plurality of arms that extend from the rotating shaft in a branched shape toward the inner surface of the tapered portion of the processing container. At least one arm is provided with a crushing member that orbits in close proximity to the inner surface of the tapered portion of the processing container, and at least one arm is provided with a stirring member.
Further, a drying port for the object to be processed is provided at the bottom of the processing container. "
It is configured as.

The invention of claim 5 is a development example of the invention of claim 4.
"A plurality of the arms are arranged apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and at least one arm is provided with the crushing member and the stirring member."
It is configured as.

In this case, as a mode in which the arms are arranged apart in the circumferential direction, they are provided at two places 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction, and the arm groups are arranged in a straight line in a plan view, or in the circumferential direction. It is configured to be arranged in three places separated by 120 degrees in a three-pointed manner in a plan view, or to be provided in four places separated by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction and arranged in a cross shape in a plan view. Can be done. The arrangement mode and number of arms may be selected in consideration of the capacity of the processing container and the particle size of the object to be processed.

The invention of claim 6 is a development example of the invention of claim 4 or 5.
"While the bottom surface of the processing container is flat,
A stirring member is arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft so as to be close to the bottom surface of the processing container. "
It is configured as.

The liquid recovery device is specified in claim 7. That is, this liquid recovery device is
"A drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and a distillation device for cooling the vapor generated in the processing container and recovering it as a liquid are provided."
It is configured as.

(1). Effect of claim 1 In claim 1, the stirring member and the crushing member are arranged in a state of being separated from each other in at least one direction of the rotation direction, the rotation axis direction, or the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis. However, since the crushing member also constitutes a part of the rotating body and orbits inside the processing container, the object to be processed is largely stirred by the double effect of the stirring member and the crushing member. Thereby, a high stirring effect can be enjoyed. Then, since the object to be processed that has been greatly stirred can be crushed by the crushing member, the object to be processed can be crushed as evenly as possible.

Therefore, in the invention of claim 1 of the present application, it is possible to increase the vacuum action acting on the object to be processed by stirring the object to be processed largely in the processing container while crushing the object to be processed as evenly as possible, and as a result, drying. Efficiency can be greatly improved. Further, although the crushing member also has a stirring action, since the crushing member has a stirring member specialized for stirring separately from the crushing member, it is possible to prevent the object to be processed from being excessively pressed against the inner surface of the processing container by the crushing member. As a result, there is also an advantage that the object to be processed can be prevented from sticking to the inner surface of the processing container, and the recovery of the dried object to be processed can be facilitated.

(2). Effect of claim 2 The invention of claim 2 is applied to a horizontal type in which a rotating body rotates around a horizontal axis, and has a high crushing function because the processing container is provided with a fixed blade. .. Moreover, since the stirring member also has a notch for preventing collision with the fixed blade, the tip of the stirring member can be brought into close contact with or in sliding contact with the inner surface of the processing container, whereby the stirring effect can be obtained. Can be greatly improved.

As described above, in claim 2, the tip of the stirring member can be slidably contacted with the inner surface of the processing container, but in this case, the object to be processed stuck to the inner surface of the processing container can be scraped off. Therefore, it is possible to facilitate the recovery of the dried object to be treated.

(3). Effect of claim 3 The invention of claim 3 is also applied to the horizontal type, but since the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis are not connected, a person cleans the inside by hand inside. Easy to insert. Therefore, cleaning can be easily performed.

Further, since the object to be processed can be greatly scraped up inside, the fluidity of the object to be processed inside the processing container can be increased. That is, if the rotating shaft extends from one end to the other end of the processing container in a series, the rotating shaft may become a resistance and hinder the movement of the object to be processed. However, in claim 3, the rotating shaft is Since it exists only at both ends, the fluidity of the object to be treated can be increased and the drying efficiency can be improved.

(4). Effects of claims 4 to 6 In the invention of claim 4, since the tapered portion of the lower constriction is formed in the processing container, the object to be processed tends to collect at the bottom of the tapered portion by gravity. Since the stirring member and the crushing member orbit in the tapered portion in the horizontal direction, the object to be processed can be efficiently agitated by the movement of scraping up and dropping the collected object to be processed.

Further, as described above, since the object to be processed tends to gather toward the bottom of the tapered portion, the object to be processed can be strongly pressed against the inner surface of the tapered portion by the crushing member, and as a result, even if a fixed blade is not provided. , The object to be processed can be efficiently crushed (providing a fixed blade can further improve the crushing efficiency).

Further, in the invention of claim 4, the object to be processed is gathered toward the bottom of the processing container by gravity, but since the extraction port of the object to be processed is provided at the bottom of the processing container, the dried object to be processed can be taken out. Easy to do.

In claim 5, since a plurality of arms are arranged apart from each other in the circumferential direction, the stirring efficiency of the object to be processed can be improved. Further, since the arm is located at a portion sandwiching the axial center of the rotating shaft, the bending force acting on the rotating shaft via the arm can be suppressed. As a result, the rotation shaft can be smoothly rotated without being twisted. Further, in claim 5, since the stirring member and the crushing member are provided on at least one arm, there is an advantage that the stirring efficiency and the crushing efficiency can be improved with a small number of arms.

As described above, in the vertical processing container, the object to be processed tends to move toward the bottom of the tapered portion due to gravity, but as in claim 6, the lower stirring member is arranged so as to be close to the bottom surface of the processing container. Then, since the object to be processed that has been sunk by gravity can be scraped up, the stirring function of the object to be processed can be improved.

(5). Effect of claim 7 The drying apparatus of claims 1 to 6 can be used only for drying the object to be treated, but as in claim 7, living water (tissue) from the object to be treated. It can also be used to extract liquids such as water). Further, in the inventions of claims 1 to 6, since the drying efficiency of the object to be treated can be improved, the recovery efficiency of living water and the like can also be improved.

It is a layout block diagram of the embodiment of the liquid extraction apparatus using the drying apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the drying apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a front view of the drying apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. (A) is an IVA-IVA perspective view of FIG. 4, (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of (A), (C) is another example of the crushing member 44, and (D) is a crushing member having a fixed blade. The view seen from the IVC-IVC viewing direction of FIG. 4 in the state of shifting to the portion, (E) is a sectional view taken along line EE of (D). It is a front view of the 2nd Embodiment. It is a vertical sectional front view of the main part of the 2nd Embodiment. (A) is a sectional view taken along the line VIIIA-VIIIA of FIG. 7, (B) is a perspective view of a main part, (C) is a sectional view taken along the line VIIIC-VIIIC of FIG. 7, and (D) is a DD of (A). The perspective view, (E) is an EE perspective view of (D), and (F) is a sectional view taken along line VIIIF-VIIIF of FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a third embodiment, (A) is a perspective view of an external appearance, and (B) is a rough vertical sectional front view. (A) is a detailed view of the rotating body shown in FIG. 9, and (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of (A).

(1). Outline of Liquid Recovery Device Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This embodiment is applied to a liquid recovery device and a drying device used for the liquid recovery device. First, an outline of the liquid recovery device will be described with reference to FIG.

The liquid recovery device extracts biological water (tissue water, cell water) from, for example, leaves, roots, flowers, stems, etc. of a plant, and has a drying device (dryer) 1 for drying the object to be treated and a drying device. A decompression device 2 that decompresses the inside of 1, a recovery line 3 that connects the drying device 1 and the decompression device (vacuum generation source) 2, and heat that is arranged in the middle of the recovery line 3 to condense and liquefy steam. It includes a exchanger 4 and a product tank 5 for storing the generated biological water. The recovery line 3 is an example of a steam discharge means.

The recovery pipe 3 connects the drying device 1 and the decompression device 2, and a heat exchanger 4 and a product tank 5 are arranged in the middle of the drying device 1 with the heat exchanger 4 on the distillation side. The heat exchanger 4 is a water-cooled type in which cooling water passes through the inside of a plate-shaped or pipe-shaped cooling element, and the cooling water is supplied from the cooling water tank 8 by a cooling water circulation path 7 provided with a pump 6. It is sent to a cooler (radiator) 9 such as a chiller, cooled by the cooler 9, and then returned to the cooling water tank 8 via the heat exchanger 4. A water absorption pipe 10 and a drainage pipe (overflow pipe) 11 are connected to the cooling water tank 8.

As the depressurizing device 2, a water ejector type is used in this embodiment. That is, the decompression device 2 has a water tank 12 and a circulation pipe 14 for circulating the water in the water tank 12 by the pressure pump 13, and the ejector 15 is inserted in the middle of the circulation pipe 14. The start end of the recovery line 3 is connected to the end of the ejector 15. The decompression device 2 of the present embodiment can realize a high vacuum of −98 kPaG or more.

In the present embodiment, the portion of the cooling water circulation path 7 on the upstream side of the cooler 9 passes through the water tank 12 of the decompression device 2. That is, the cooling water circulation path 7 is provided with a meandering heat exchange portion 7a inside the water tank 12 to cool the water in the water tank 12. As a result, the temperature rise of the water acting on the ejector 15 is prevented, and the generation of bubbles is prevented, thereby improving the decompression effect.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 16 indicates a drain pipe, and reference numeral 17 indicates a filter having a sterilizing function or the like. The decompression device 2 is not limited to the water ejector system, and various structures such as an air ejector, a steam ejector, and a vacuum pump can be used.

The drying device 1 is a horizontal type embodying claim 1, and a rotating body 19 having a stirring function and a crushing function is arranged inside the processing container 18 so as to rotate around the center of the horizontal axis. Hereinafter, the details of the drying device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

(2). Basic structure of the drying device As shown in FIG. 2, the drying device 1 has a processing container 18 having a square input port 18d on the upper surface, and left and right support frames 20 for supporting the processing container 18. ing. Central shafts 21 are provided on both left and right end surfaces of the processing container 18, and the central shaft 21 is supported by a support frame 20 via a bearing 22. Then, while the large-diameter sprocket 23 is fixed to the central shaft 21, the reversing motor 24 is arranged below the support frame 20, and a chain is formed between the small-diameter sprocket 25 and the large-diameter sprocket 23 provided in the reversing motor 24. 26 is wrapped around.

Therefore, by driving the reversing motor 24, the processing container 18 can be reversed between the posture in which the charging port 18d is turned upward and the posture in which the charging port 18d is turned downward, and when the charging port 18d is turned downward, the processing container 18 is dried. You can take out things. As the reversing means, another transmission mechanism such as a gear mechanism can also be adopted. Further, instead of making the processing container 18 an inversion type, a take-out port for the object to be processed W may be provided at the bottom of the processing container 18. In this case, the outlet can be closed with a hinged lid or a removable lid.

The input port 18d is closed by the lid 27. Although not shown, the lid 27 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the processing container 18 by a hinge means, and can be opened and closed by a driving means such as a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, or an electromagnetic cylinder (manually open / close type). It can also be configured.) The lid 27 is provided with a viewing window 28 made of a thick transparent plate.

As shown in FIG. 3, the central shaft 21 is fixed to the end surface of the processing container 18 via the cylinder body 29 and the flange 30, and inside the cylinder body 29, the end of the rotating shaft 31 constituting the rotating body 19 The part is arranged. The end of the rotating shaft 31 is rotatably held by the end plate of the processing container 18 via a bearing, and the rotating motor 32 is fixed to the tubular body 29 on the side close to the reversing motor 24 to form a bevel gear. The rotating shaft 31 is rotated via a transmission mechanism such as a mechanism or a worm gear mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 4, the processing container 18 has an outer plate 34 and an inner plate 35, and an intermediate plate 36 located between them, and the inner surface of the inner plate 35 is from the axial direction of the rotating shaft 31. It looks like an arc. Therefore, the entire inner surface of the processing container 18 is an arc portion. Further, a heat insulating layer 37 in which a heat insulating material is arranged is formed between the outer plate 34 and the intermediate plate 36, and a heating space 38 is formed between the inner plate 35 and the intermediate plate 36. Steam may be passed through the heating space 38, or hot water may be passed through the heating space 38.

When hot water is passed through the heating space 38, an auxiliary chamber 39 communicating with the heating space 38 may be formed in the lower part of the processing container 18, and the heater 40 may be arranged in the auxiliary chamber 39. Of course, it is also possible to arrange the heater 40 in the heating space 38. When steam is passed through the heating space 38, the steam may be passed directly through the heating space 38, or the steam fumarole pipe 41 may be arranged in the auxiliary chamber 39. In order to communicate the heating space 38 and the auxiliary chamber 39, a large number of small holes and communication holes may be formed in the intermediate plate 36.

(3). Rotating body As can be understood from FIGS. 3 and 4, a pair of first and first boss portions provided at the left and right ends of the rotating shaft 31 constituting the rotating body 19 face in opposite directions. The two arms 42 and 43 are fixed, the plate-shaped crushing member 44 is fixed to the pair of first arms 42, and the plate-shaped stirring member 45 is fixed to the pair of second arms 43.

The crushing member 44 is made of a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate, extends along the entire length inside the processing container 18, and is fixed to the beam 46 fixed to the first arm 42 with a bolt 47. .. Then, while the crushing member 44 is intermittently formed with a notch 48 that is open outward, the crushing member 44 is located at a portion of the processing container 18 below the rotation shaft 31 and at which the crushing member 44 moves downward. , A plate-shaped fixed blade 49 through which the notch 48 of the crushing member 44 passes is arranged.

Although the tip of the crushing member 44 is angular, as shown in FIG. 5C, the rear surface in the rotation direction may be inclined to form the tip at an acute angle. In any case, the object W to be processed is pinched by the gap between the processing container 18 and the crushing member 44 and the gap between the notch 48 and the fixed blade 49, and is finely crushed.

The stirring member 45 is made of, for example, a hard resin plate, and is fixed to the beam 46 with a bolt 47 like the crushing member 44. Further, the stirring member 45 is also formed with a notch 50 for allowing the stirring member 45 to escape from the fixed blade 49. However, since the stirring member 45 is made of resin, it does not have a crushing function. As can be seen from the comparison of FIGS. 5B and 5E, the axial length of the stirring member 45 is shorter than that of the crushing member 44, but the same length of the crushing member 44 may be set. .. By bringing the tip of the stirring member 45 into contact with (sliding) the inner peripheral surface of the processing container 18, it is possible to scrape off the object to be processed stuck to the processing container 18.

The stirring member 45 can be manufactured of a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate, the main body is formed of a metal plate and only the tip portion is made of synthetic resin, or the whole is a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate. It is also possible to form a wear-suppressing layer made of resin or the like at a portion that comes into contact with or is close to the inner surface of the processing container 18. It is also possible to make the whole or the tip of the stirring member 45 made of an elastic metal plate such as a leaf spring, and to hit the tip against the inner surface of the processing container 18 against elasticity.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a steam take-out port 51 for taking out the steam generated inside the processing container 18 is opened at the upper end of the processing container 18, and the end of the recovery pipe 3 is provided at the steam take-out port 51. It is connected.

(4). Summary of the First Embodiment In the above configuration, after the object W to be processed is charged into the processing container 18 from the charging port 18d, the inside of the processing container 18 is depressurized by the decompression device 2 and the temperature is adjusted to an appropriate level. By driving the rotating body 19 while heating and crushing the object W to be processed while stirring, the object W to be processed can be quickly dried. As described above, the vapor generated inside the processing container 18 is condensed by the heat exchanger 4 to become a liquid, which is stored in the product tank 5.

Further, the object W to be processed is pressed against the inner surface of the processing container 18 by the crushing member 44 to be fragmented and granulated, and is also fragmented and atomized by the pressing action between the fixed blade 49 and the crushing member 44. I will go. Therefore, the object W to be treated is agitated while increasing the surface area by making it into small pieces and granules, which can improve the drying efficiency. Further, since the decompression device 2 of the present embodiment can realize a high vacuum of −98 kPaG or more, the drying efficiency can be further improved.

Further, when only the crushing member 44 is present in the rotating body 19, the object W to be processed may be excessively pressed against the processing container 18 by the crushing member 44, and the object W to be processed may stick to the inner surface of the processing container 18. However, if the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 are separately provided in the circumferential direction as in the present embodiment, the object W to be processed is prevented from being excessively pressed against the inner surface of the processing container 18 and is stuck. The phenomenon can be prevented and the stirring action can be improved.

As shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4, it is also possible to provide the stirring member 45 located between the base end and the tip end of one or both of the pair of arms 42 and 43. Further, in the present embodiment, a pair of arms 42 and 43 are arranged so as to face each other in opposite directions, but three pairs of arms are arranged in a three-pointed arrow shape, and a pair or two pairs of stirring members 45 are provided. It is also possible to arrange the pair of arms in a cross shape and arrange the stirring member 45 and the crushing member 44 at 90 degree intervals.

Further, although the arms 42 and 43 are provided in pairs on the rotating shaft 31, the number of arms 42 and 43 may be one each corresponding to one crushing member 44 and one stirring member 45, or three or more pairs may be provided. Further, the arms 42 and 43 can be made of a bar or a pipe like a round bar or a round pipe, and when the arms 42 and 43 are made of a plate as in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 (F). , It is also possible to make a twisted posture with respect to the axis. In the case of (F), since the object W to be processed can be moved in the axial direction, the stirring function of the object W to be processed can be further improved.

The higher the temperature of the processing container 18, the higher the drying efficiency. However, when recovering the biological water from the object W to be processed, the internal temperature of the object W to be processed is set as high as possible in consideration of the heat resistant temperature of the object W to be processed. You can set it. When the object W to be treated is, for example, petals or herbs and the alteration temperature of living water is low, it is preferably about 40 ° C. or lower (about 30 to 40 ° C.), but for roots of plants such as turmeric and black ginger, and cypress. When the heat-resistant temperature of living water is high, such as leaves of trees such as leaves, cedar leaves and turmeric leaves, stems of stems, and fruit of plants, it can be operated even at about 60 ° C.

Since the leaves of coniferous trees are hard, it can be said that the temperature may be particularly high. Even when it is used for concentrating deep sea water or obtaining distilled water, it can be operated at about 60 ° C. When obtaining liquid distilled water such as deep sea water, the rotating body 19 does not necessarily have to be driven.

As a plant, it can also be used for drying sweet tea leaves, bamboo leaves (sasa), persimmon leaves, bamboo shoots, mushrooms, etc., and for extracting living body water. Further, the object W to be processed does not have to be of a single type, and a plurality of types can be mixed and used. In this case, the mixing mode is arbitrary, for example, mixing the same kind of products such as mixing cedar leaves and camphor leaves, or mixing different kinds of products such as mixing turmeric and deep sea water. You can select the combination.

Needless to say, when a liquid is extracted from the object W to be processed, there are cases where only the extracted liquid becomes a useful substance and cases where the dried object W to be processed is also valuable as a useful item. When the object to be treated W itself contains an active ingredient such as turmeric and black ginger, dried and powdered articles are also valuable, but when extracting biological water from cypress or cedar leaves. The thing left in the powdery state is basically waste.

Since the crushing member 44 has a plate-like shape, it also has a stirring function. Therefore, the object W to be processed can be evenly scraped up by the stirring action of both the stirring member 45 and the crushing member 44, so that the particles of the object W to be processed can be efficiently dried by applying a vacuum (). Living water can be extracted efficiently.)

As described above, hot water or steam can be used as the heating means, but when hot water is used, the specific heat is large, so that the object W to be processed can be quickly heated to increase the start-up speed of operation and stabilize the temperature. It is also excellent in sex. On the other hand, the use of steam simplifies the structure because no heater is required.

In any case, if the outer layer of the processing container 18 is composed of the heat insulating layer 37 as in the embodiment, heat dissipation to the room can be suppressed, so that the thermal efficiency can be improved and the air conditioning cost can be suppressed. When the inside of the processing container 18 rises significantly due to the operation, it is possible to lower the temperature inside the processing container 18 by passing cooling water through the heating space 38.

(5). Second embodiment (FIGS. 6 to 8)
Next, the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 will be described. This second embodiment is a specific example of the vertical drying apparatus according to claims 4 to 6, and the processing container 18 is located between the upper constricted tapered portion 18a and the lower constricted tapered portion 18b. It has a straight tubular portion 18c and has an abacus ball-like appearance.

An input port 18d is provided in the upper constricted tapered portion 18a, and the input port 18d is closed by a hatch-shaped lid 27. The lid 27 is a manual type and rotates in a substantially horizontal direction, but it can also be configured as a vertical rotation type.

A header 53 is fixed to the upper end of the upper constricted tapered portion 18a via an upper flange plate 54, and the start end of the recovery pipe 3 is connected to the upper end of the header 53. Further, the processing container 18 is supported by the left and right support frames 20 via a bracket 55 fixed to the upper constricted tapered portion 18a. The lower portions of the left and right support frames 20 are connected by a reinforcing frame 56.

As shown in FIG. 7, the processing container 18 has an outer plate 34 and an inner plate 35, and a heating space 38 is formed between the outer plate 34 and the inner plate 35. It is also possible to form the heat insulating layer 37 on the outside of the heating space 38 as in the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 7, a vertical rotation shaft 57 that rotates around the center line of the processing container 18 is arranged as an element of the rotating body 19 inside the processing container 18. The upper end of the vertical rotating shaft 57 is rotatably held by the upper flange plate 54 via a bearing, while the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft 57 is the bottom plate 58 of the processing container 18 as shown in FIG. It is rotatably held via a bearing 59. The lower end of the rotating body 19 projects below the bearing 59, and a chain driven by a motor (not shown) is wound around a sprocket 60 provided on the downwardly protruding portion.

The bottom of the processing container 18 has a straight tubular shape. Further, a dry object W take-out port 61a and a cleaning hole 61b are formed in a symmetrical portion of the bottom plate 58 that deviates from the vertical rotation shaft 57, and these are lids 62a that can be fitted and removed from below. , 62b. Therefore, when the lids 62a and 62b are removed, the dried object W to be processed can be taken out and the inside can be cleaned (for example, washed with water).

In the present embodiment, the rotating body 19 uses the above-mentioned vertical rotating shaft 57 as a basic element, and the vertical rotating shaft 57 has the first to fourth arms 63 to 66 having a tubular boss 67 in this order from the top. It is fixed through. The first arm 63 and the third arm 65 and the second arm 64 and the fourth arm 66 face each other in opposite directions.

Each of the arms 63 to 66 is made of a round bar and is inclined so as to be lowered toward the tip, and the tip is directed toward the lower narrowed tapered portion 18b of the processing container 18. Then, a crushing member 44 close to the lower narrowed tapered portion 18b of the processing container 18 is fixed to the tips of the first to third arms 63, 64, 65, and the middle portion of the third arm 65 is the fourth arm 66. A plate-shaped stirring member 45 is fixed to the tip. A notch 48 is formed in the middle portion of the crushing member 44. A fixed blade through which the notch 48 passes may be provided in the processing container 18. The cutout portion 48 is not always necessary, but if it is provided, a plurality of cutout portions 48 may be formed.

As shown in FIGS. 8 (D) and 8 (E), although only the stirring member 45 is roughly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (A), when the stirring member 45 is fixed to the tip of the arm 66, the flat portion is formed. The backing plate 69 is fixed to the backing plate 69 by welding, and the stirring member 45 is fixed to the backing plate 69 with bolts 70. The same applies to the fixed structure of the crushing member 44.

As can be understood from FIG. 8 (B), the crushing member 44 has a long posture in the vertical direction and is inclined so as to be lowered in the rotational direction. Therefore, the crushing member 44 also has a stirring function of scraping the object W to be processed upward.

On the other hand, as can be seen from FIGS. 8B and 8C, the stirring member 45 is inclined so as to be lowered in the rotation direction, and is also rotated when viewed from the axial direction of the arms 65 and 66. It is tilted so that it becomes lower in the direction. Therefore, the object to be processed W has an excellent scooping function.

As shown in FIG. 8 (F), a tubular boss 67 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft 57, and a plate-shaped lower stirring member is fixed to the tubular boss 67 so as to be close to the bottom plate 58 of the processing container 18. 71 is fixed. The lower stirring member 71 is tilted so as to be displaced forward in the rotation direction as it goes downward, so that the object W to be processed is pushed up diagonally upward by the rotation. The lower stirring member 71 is arranged one by one on both sides of the axial center, but three lower stirring members 71 are arranged in a three-pointed shape, and four lower stirring members 71 are arranged in a cross shape. It is also possible to do it.

In this second embodiment, since the lower portion of the processing container 18 is a tapered portion 18b that is narrowed downward, the object W to be processed tends to move toward the bottom of the processing container 18. That is, the object W to be processed tends to have a higher density toward the bottom of the processing container 18. Therefore, the object W to be processed can be efficiently scraped up by the stirring member 45 and the crushing member 44.

Further, in the present embodiment, the crushing member 44 is arranged close to the inner surface of the processing container 18 due to its function, but the stirring member 45 of the present embodiment is located at a portion considerably away from the inner surface of the processing container 18. Since it is arranged, the entire object W to be processed is agitated evenly. Therefore, the entire object W to be treated can be exposed to a reduced pressure environment and dried efficiently.

That is, the object W to be processed is agitated while receiving the crushing function by the crushing member 44 at the inner peripheral portion of the processing container 18, and is agitated by the stirring member 45 at the portion closer to the vertical rotation shaft 57. Due to this double effect, the object W to be processed is thoroughly agitated. Further, since the lower stirring member 71 is provided, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which a part of the object to be processed W remains accumulated at the bottom of the processing container 18.

The number of arms 63, 64, 65, 66 can be arbitrarily set according to the size of the processing container 18 and the like. Also in this embodiment, the arms 63, 64, 65, 66 can be arranged in a three-pointed arrow shape or a cross-shaped shape. Further, if the arms 63, 64, 65, 66 are arranged in a stepped manner, the stirring function and the crushing function are excellent, but if the volume of the processing container 18 is small, for example, two arms in the opposite postures are set to the same height. It is also possible to say that it will be placed.

In the present embodiment, since the outlet 61 for the object to be processed W is provided at the bottom of the processing container 18, the dried object W to be processed can be easily collected. It is also possible to load the object W to be processed from the loading port 18d by a conveyor and carry out the object W to be processed dropped from the extraction port 61 by a conveyor.

(6). Third Embodiment Next, the drying apparatus 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 will be described. The drying device 1 of the third embodiment is a horizontal type and a fixed type that does not reverse, and is a specific example of claim 3.

Similar to the first embodiment, the drying apparatus 1 includes a heat insulating layer 37 and a heating space 38 in the processing container 18 as in the first embodiment, and is U-shaped when viewed from the axial direction. It has become. Therefore, in the processing container 18, the substantially lower half portion is an arc portion. The drying device 1 of the present embodiment is small in capacity of several tens of liters, and the processing container 18 is arranged inside a casing 75 composed of an L-shaped corner support 73 and a decorative plate 74. The processing container 18 and the casing 75 share the top plate 76, and the processing container 18 is in a state of being suspended from the top plate 76. Although not shown, the processing container 18 has an open steam discharge port.

In the first embodiment, the rotating shaft 31 extends long through the processing container 18, but in the third embodiment, the rotating shaft rotatably extends to one end of the processing container 18 via the first bearing 77. The first rotating shaft 78 held and the second rotating shaft 80 rotatably held at the other end of the processing container 18 via the second bearing 79 are separated, and the second rotating shaft 80 is the motor 32. Driven by. The motor 32 is arranged inside the casing 75.

In this embodiment, an outlet 81 for taking out the dried object W to be processed is provided in the lower part of one end surface of the processing container 18, and a chute 82 for guiding the extraction of the object W to be processed is provided on the outer surface of the processing container 18. Is provided. The take-out port 81 is closed with a lid 83 during operation.

The rotating body 19 of this embodiment has the first and second rotating shafts 78 and 80 described above, and a three-pointed arrow-shaped rotating bracket 84 fixed to each of the rotating shafts 78 and 80. Therefore, the pair of rotating brackets 84 are provided with three arm portions 84a, 84b, 84c, respectively, and the plate-shaped crushing member 44 is fixed to the two pairs of arm portions 84a, 84b, and the pair of arm portions 84c A plate-shaped stirring member 45 is fixed to the surface.

In this case, the crushing member 44 has a cutter specification in which the tip facing the inner surface of the processing container 18 is sharpened, but the stirring member 45 rotates in the direction of the tip while specifying the same member as the crushing member 44. I'm pointing in the direction. Therefore, although the stirring member 45 has a sharp tip, it does not provide a crushing function and only a stirring function.

A pair of bracket portions 85 are fixed to both ends of the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 by welding, and the bracket portions 85 are fixed to the arm portions 84a to 84c by bolts 86. Further, the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 are also located on the outside of the arm portions 84a to 84c, but the short portion located on the outside and the long portion located on the inside are separated. Therefore, the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 extending in a straight line are each composed of three parts. Of course, both the crushing member 44 and the stirring member 45 may be composed of one member as a whole.

In this embodiment, the rotating shafts 78 and 80 are not connected, and the rotating body 19 is a kind of basket type. Therefore, it is easy for a person to insert his / her hand when cleaning the inside. Therefore, cleaning can be easily performed. Further, while the fluidity of the object W to be processed inside the processing container 18 is also high, the rotating body 19 has two crushing members 44 and one stirring member 45, and the stirring member Since the 45 has a function of scraping the object W to be processed in the direction of the axis of rotation, the inside of the object W to be processed W is evenly scraped up inside the processing container 18.

Further, the stirring member 45 shares the crushing member 44 having the inclined surface 87, but when used as the stirring member 45, the inclined surface 87 is arranged so as to face in the rotation direction. Therefore, it is excellent in the function of moving the object W to be processed toward the center of rotation.

In the present embodiment, the three pairs of arm portions 84a to 84c are used properly for the crushing member and the stirring member, but the crushing member 44 is fixed to the tip of each arm portion 84a to 84c to form the base end and the tip end. It is also possible to use the stirring member 45 to be fixed in the middle of the space. Further, the crushing member 44 does not necessarily have to be formed in the shape of a blade, and the tip can be angular as in the first embodiment. Further, it is also possible to make the stirring member 45 made of synthetic resin and bring it close to or in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the processing container 18.

The rotating bracket 84 may have a disk shape, but if a form in which a plurality of arm portions 84a to 84c are separated like a three-pointed arrow shape is adopted, the object W to be processed moves to the left and right sides with the rotating bracket 84 sandwiched. There is an advantage that the stirring function can be improved because the stirring function is performed smoothly. Also in the third embodiment, the same fixed blade 49 as in the first embodiment can be provided. In this case, a notch 48 is formed in the crushing member 44.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can be variously embodied. For example, even in a vertical processing container, it is possible to invert it around the horizontal axis and take out the dried object W to be processed from the inlet.

The present invention can be embodied in a drying device and a liquid recovery device. Therefore, it can be used industrially.

1 Drying device 2 Decompressing device 3 Recovery pipeline 4 Heat exchanger 15 Ejector 18 Processing container 19 Rotating body 20 Support frame 21 Central shaft 24 Reversing motor 31 Rotating shaft 32 Rotating motor 34 Outer plate 35 Inner plate 36 Intermediate plate 37 Insulation Layer 38 Heating space 40 Heater 42 1st arm 43 2nd arm 44 Crushing member 45 Stirring member 48 Notch 49 Fixed blade 57 Vertical rotating shaft 61 Outlet 63-64 Arm 78 1st rotating shaft 80 2nd rotating shaft 81 Outlet 84 Rotating bracket

Claims (7)

The processing container into which the object to be processed is placed and
A decompression means for depressurizing the inside of the processing container and
A heating means for heating the inside of the processing container and
Discharge means for discharging the steam generated inside the processing container and
It has a structure having a rotating body arranged inside the processing container.
The rotating body has a stirring member having a stirring function of the object to be processed, and a crushing member having a crushing function in addition to the stirring function.
The stirring member and the crushing member are arranged so as to be separated from each other in at least one direction of the rotation direction, the rotation axis direction, or the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis.
Drying device. The rotating body has a rotating shaft arranged horizontally, and a plate-shaped stirring member and a crushing member in a posture parallel to the rotating shaft, and the stirring member and the crushing member are in circumferential directions with each other. While they are separated from each other and are connected to the rotating shaft by arms, respectively.
At least a portion of the processing container lower than the rotation axis is an arc portion centered on the axis of the rotation axis when viewed from the direction of the axis of the rotation axis, and the crushing member and the stirring member thereof The tip is designed to orbit in close proximity to the arc portion.
In addition, a plurality of fixed blades are arranged side by side in the arc portion of the processing container in a direction parallel to the rotation axis, and cutout portions are formed in the stirring member and the crushing member so as not to collide with the fixed blades. are doing,
The drying apparatus according to claim 1. The rotating body has the stirring member and the crushing member arranged in a substantially horizontal posture, and a pair of rotating brackets in which the stirring member and the crushing member are connected at an end thereof.
One of the pair of rotating brackets is fixed to a first rotating shaft that protrudes inward from one end of the processing container, and the other rotating bracket projects inward from the other end of the processing container. It is fixed to the two rotation axes,
The stirring member and the crushing member are fixed to the both rotating brackets in a state of being separated from each other in the circumferential direction.
The drying apparatus according to claim 1. The processing container is a vertical type having a circular shape in a plan view and a narrowed tapered portion, while the processing container is a vertical type.
The rotating body has a rotating shaft that rotates in a substantially vertical posture at the center of the processing container, and a plurality of arms that extend from the rotating shaft in a branched shape toward the inner surface of the tapered portion of the processing container. At least one arm is provided with a crushing member that orbits in close proximity to the inner surface of the tapered portion of the processing container, and at least one arm is provided with a stirring member.
Further, a outlet for taking out the dried object to be processed is provided at the bottom of the processing container.
The drying apparatus according to claim 1. A plurality of the arms are arranged apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and at least one of the arms is provided with the crushing member and the stirring member.
The drying apparatus according to claim 4. While the bottom surface of the processing container is flat,
A lower stirring member is arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft so as to be close to the bottom surface of the processing container.
The drying apparatus according to claim 4 or 5. A drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and a distillation device for cooling the vapor generated in the processing container and recovering it as a liquid are provided.
Liquid recovery device.

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