JP2020122568A - 超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプ及びその加工プロセスと応用 - Google Patents
超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプ及びその加工プロセスと応用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020122568A JP2020122568A JP2019063797A JP2019063797A JP2020122568A JP 2020122568 A JP2020122568 A JP 2020122568A JP 2019063797 A JP2019063797 A JP 2019063797A JP 2019063797 A JP2019063797 A JP 2019063797A JP 2020122568 A JP2020122568 A JP 2020122568A
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- steel pipe
- pipe
- steel
- jacket
- heat
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Images
Classifications
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- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L59/143—Pre-insulated pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L59/147—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems the insulation being located inwardly of the outer surface of the pipe
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L7/00—Supporting of pipes or cables inside other pipes or sleeves, e.g. for enabling pipes or cables to be inserted or withdrawn from under roads or railways without interruption of traffic
- F16L7/02—Supporting of pipes or cables inside other pipes or sleeves, e.g. for enabling pipes or cables to be inserted or withdrawn from under roads or railways without interruption of traffic and sealing the pipes or cables inside the other pipes, cables or sleeves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/18—Double-walled pipes; Multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
- F24T10/13—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground using tube assemblies suitable for insertion into boreholes in the ground, e.g. geothermal probes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2251/00—Treating composite or clad material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
Description
地熱エネルギーを使う最も直接的な方法である。地熱発電の原理は、火力発電の原理と同様に、蒸気の熱エネルギーを蒸気タービンで機械エネルギーに変換してから、発電機を発電させることである。違いは、地熱発電には火力発電のような巨大なボイラーが必要ではなく、燃料を消費する必要もなく、使用されるエネルギーが地熱エネルギーである点にある。地熱発電プロセスは、地下の熱エネルギーを機械的エネルギーに変換してから、機械的エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換するプロセスである。現在、地熱発電所で利用可能な熱媒体は、主に地下の天然蒸気及び熱湯である。
地熱エネルギーの暖房、加熱及び給湯への直接の利用は地熱発電に次ぐ地熱利用方式である。
適切な温度の地熱水を使って農地を灌漑すると、農作物を早熟させて作物収量を増やすこと、地熱水を使って魚を育てると、28℃の水温で魚の肥育を促進し魚の収量を向上させること、地熱を使って温室を作り、育苗、野菜栽培、花を育てることを行うことや地熱を利用してバイオガスタンクを加熱すると、バイオガスの生産量を増やすことなどが挙げられる。
地熱水には、臭素、ヨウ素、ホウ素、カリウム、セシウム、重水やカリウム塩などの貴重な希少元素、放射性元素、希ガスや化合物が多く含まれており、防衛産業、原子力産業、化学産業、農業に欠かせない原料である。
地熱水は、高温、特殊な化学組成、ガス組成、少量の生物活性イオン及び放射性物質などを含み、一部の地熱地域ではスラッジが形成されて、人体に明らかな医学的及び健康的作用を与える。
(1)前記媒体輸送鋼管に使用される鋼板の表面を洗浄し、具体的には、界面活性剤(好ましくは、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム)と浄水で超音波洗浄槽において複数回洗浄し、きれいに洗浄した鋼板を風乾し、次に折り曲げ、レーザー溶接方式で溶接して管にし、ただし、レーザー溶接をするときに、高さが0.25mmを超えないようにビードの内部余盛高さを厳格に制御しなければならない。レーザー溶接の鋼板に内部バリがないから、磨く必要はない。なお、超長距離鋼管の場合、連続して溶接作業を行うことになる。溶接鋼管を熱処理し、好ましくは、熱処理プロセスとして、まず、700℃−1070℃で10−40分間加熱処理し、次に水素ガスである還元性雰囲気下で冷却させて、さらに550℃−720℃での焼入れによって鋼管における内部応力を解消して、鋼管の靱性と硬度を調整し、熱処理後の媒体輸送鋼管について定径及び非破壊検査を行う。
(2)前記螺旋環状支持ホルダーと媒体輸送鋼管を接触させることなく、螺旋環状支持ホルダーを検査に合格した媒体輸送鋼管の外周側に套設し、または媒体輸送鋼管の外周側に間隔を置いてC字型支持ホルダーを巻き付ける。
(3)前記ジャケット鋼管に使用される鋼板の表面を洗浄し、次に折り曲げ、支持ホルダーがジャケット鋼管としっかりと接触するように、折り曲げ過程において外表面に支持ホルダーが巻き付けられた媒体輸送鋼管を内側に包み、包んだ後にレーザー溶接によりシールしてジャケット管にし、溶接して管にした後、ジャケット管を熱処理して、製造されたジャケット鋼管について定径及び非破壊検査を行い、ジャケット鋼管と媒体輸送鋼管の間における環状キャビティの厚みを2−7mmとする。
(4)ジャケット管の環状キャビティに相変化エネルギー貯蔵材料をセットして、次にジャケット鋼管の引き締め開口部で複数のゴムリングを取り付けてシールし、さらに環状キャビティについて真空化処理を行い、環状キャビティを真空にして、最後にジャケット鋼管の開口を溶接によりシールする。
(5)ステップ(4)で製造された二重鋼ラインパイプを熱処理することで、実際に地下で作業するときに、熱膨脹を受けることにより生じ得る応力を解消する。前記熱処理プロセスとは、二重鋼ラインパイプを50℃−280℃で30−60min熱処理し、次に室温になるまで空冷させ、かつジャケット鋼管の外側に防腐液を塗布して、本発明の保温二重鋼ラインパイプを得ることである。
Al 2.0重量%、V 1.5重量%、Fe 0.25重量%、C 0.05重量%、N 0.05重量%、H 0.015重量%、O 0.12重量%を主成分とし、残量がTi及び不可避的な不純物であるチタン合金TA18を、媒体輸送鋼管を製造するための材料とする。C 0.11重量%、Si 0.22重量%、Mn 1.44重量%、P 0.008重量%、S 0.001重量%、Cr 0.58重量%、Ni 0.14重量%、Cu 0.24重量%、Mo 0.15重量%を主成分とし、残量がFe及び不可避的な不純物である炭素鋼を、ジャケット鋼管を製造するための材料とする。選択された上記鋼材(二種の鋼材の長さは3000メートルである)を用いて、図2に示される構造を有する長さ3000メートルの保温二重鋼ラインパイプを製造し、該ラインパイプの製造プロセスは、具体的には、以下のとおりである。
C 0.11重量%、Si 0.24重量%、Mn 1.5重量%、P 0.012重量%、S 0.001重量%、Cr 0.58重量%、Ni 0.14重量%、Cu 0.24重量%、Mo 0.16重量%を主成分とし、残量がFe及び不可避的な不純物である炭素鋼を、媒体輸送鋼管を製造するための材料とする。C 0.020重量%、Si 0.50重量%、Mn 1.26重量%、P 0.022重量%、S 0.00005重量%、Ni 5.17重量%、Cr 22.52重量%、N 0.163重量%、Cu 0.006重量%、Mo 3.07重量%−3.09重量%を主成分とし、残量がFe及び不可避的な不純物であるステンレス鋼を、ジャケット鋼管を製造するための材料とする。選択された上記鋼材(二種の鋼材の長さは5000メートルである)を用いて、長さ5000メートルの保温二重鋼ラインパイプを製造し、該ラインパイプの製造プロセスは以下のとおりである。
Al3.5重量%、V 3.0重量%、Fe 0.25重量%、C 0.05重量%、N 0.05重量%、H 0.015重量%、O 0.12重量%を主成分とし、残量がTi及び不可避的な不純物であるチタン合金TA18を、媒体輸送鋼管とジャケット鋼管を製造するための材料とする。選択された上記鋼材(二種の鋼材の長さは5000メートルである)を用いて、ステップ(5)において二重鋼ラインパイプの熱処理プロセスだけを変更する以外、実施例1におけるプロセスと同様に、長さ8000メートルの保温二重鋼ラインパイプを製造し、ここで、ステップ(5)における熱処理プロセスは、具体的には、二重鋼ラインパイプを280℃で60min熱処理し、次に室温になるまで空冷させ、実施例1における防腐液を塗布し、本発明に係る8000メートルの保温二重鋼ラインパイプを製造することである。
2、ジャケット鋼管
3、環状キャビティ
4、ゴムリング
5、螺旋環状支持ホルダー
6、C字型支持ホルダー
Claims (12)
- 媒体輸送鋼管と、ジャケット鋼管とを備え、かつジャケット鋼管が媒体輸送鋼管の外側に套設されており、前記媒体輸送鋼管と前記ジャケット鋼管の間に環状キャビティとなる隙間を有し、前記媒体輸送鋼管と前記ジャケット鋼管の間に支持ホルダーが設置されている超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプであって、前記環状キャビティが真空キャビティであり、前記ジャケット鋼管の両端が引き締められ、前記ジャケット鋼管の引き締め部位が複数のシールリングで前記媒体輸送鋼管の外壁とシールし、前記環状キャビティ内に相変化材料がさらに充填されており、前記支持ホルダーは、螺旋環状支持ホルダーまたはC字型支持ホルダーであり、支持ホルダーが前記螺旋環状支持ホルダーである場合、前記螺旋環状支持ホルダーは前記媒体輸送鋼管の外周側に套設され、かつ前記媒体輸送鋼管と接触せず、支持ホルダーが前記C字型支持ホルダーである場合、複数の前記C字型支持ホルダーは間隔を置いて前記媒体輸送鋼管の外周側に巻き付けられる
ことを特徴とする超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプ。 - 前記螺旋環状支持ホルダーまたはC字型支持ホルダーは弾性材料で製造される
請求項1に記載の長保温二重鋼ラインパイプ。 - 前記ジャケット鋼管の外側に防腐液層が塗布されている
請求項2に記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプ。 - 前記相変化材料はパラフィンである
請求項1に記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプ。 - 前記環状キャビティの厚みは2−7mmである
請求項1に記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプ。 - 前記二重鋼ラインパイプの長さは1000−8000メートルである
請求項1に記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプ。 - 前記媒体輸送鋼管とジャケット鋼管の材質は、ステンレス鋼、炭素鋼またはチタン合金のうちのいずれか1種または複数種の組み合わせである
請求項1に記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプ。 - 請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプの加工プロセスであって、
前記媒体輸送鋼管に使用される鋼板の表面を洗浄し、次に折り曲げ、レーザー溶接を行って、溶接して管にした後、熱処理を行い、製造された媒体輸送鋼管について定径及び非破壊検査を行うステップ(1)と、
前記螺旋環状支持ホルダーと前記媒体輸送鋼管を接触させることなく、螺旋環状支持ホルダーを検査に合格した媒体輸送鋼管の外周側に套設し、または前記媒体輸送鋼管の外周側にC字型支持ホルダーを間隔を置いて巻き付けるステップ(2)と、
前記ジャケット鋼管に使用される鋼板の表面を洗浄し、次に折り曲げ、前記支持ホルダーがジャケット鋼管の内壁をしっかりと支持するように、折り曲げる過程において外表面に支持ホルダーが設置された媒体輸送鋼管を内側に包み、包んだ後にレーザー溶接によりシールしてジャケット管にし、溶接して管にした後、ジャケット管を熱処理して、製造されたジャケット鋼管について定径及び非破壊検査を行い、ジャケット鋼管と媒体輸送鋼管の間における環状キャビティの厚みを2−7mmとするステップ(3)と、
ジャケット管の環状キャビティに相変化エネルギー貯蔵材料をセットして、次にジャケット鋼管の引き締め開口部で複数のゴムリングを取り付けてシールし、さらに環状キャビティについて真空化処理を行い、環状キャビティを真空にして、最後にジャケット鋼管の開口を溶接によりシールするステップ(4)と、
ステップ(4)で製造された二重鋼ラインパイプを50℃−280℃で30−60min熱処理し、冷却させた後、二重鋼ラインパイプの外側に防腐液を塗布し、本発明の保温二重鋼ラインパイプを得るステップ(5)とを含む
ことを特徴とする加工プロセス。 - 前記ステップ(1)とステップ(2)の熱処理プロセスは、溶接された媒体輸送鋼管とジャケット鋼管を700℃−1070℃で10−40分間加熱処理し、次に還元性雰囲気下で冷却させて、さらに550℃−720℃の焼入れによって鋼管における内部応力を解消して、鋼管の靱性と硬度を調整することである
請求項8に記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプの加工プロセス。 - ステップ(1)とステップ(3)では、鋼板をレーザー溶接して管にするとき、ビードの内部余盛高さが0.25mm以下である
請求項8に記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプの加工プロセス。 - ステップ(5)では、ステップ(4)で製造された二重鋼ラインパイプを熱処理する前に、S字型に折り曲げる必要がある
請求項8に記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプの加工プロセス。 - 請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプの応用であって、
前記鋼管を地下石油及び地下熱源の採掘に適用でき、かつ地面から1000−8000メートル深さでの作業に適用できる
ことを特徴とする超長距離の保温二重鋼ラインパイプの応用。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201910086536.2 | 2019-01-29 | ||
CN201910086536.2A CN109578752B (zh) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | 一种超长保温钢套钢管道及其加工工艺 |
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JP7133250B1 (ja) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-09-08 | 和幸 前田 | 管と容器の断熱装置と断熱方法 |
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CN109578752B (zh) * | 2019-01-29 | 2024-02-23 | 信达科创(唐山)石油设备有限公司 | 一种超长保温钢套钢管道及其加工工艺 |
CN111022784B (zh) | 2019-12-20 | 2021-03-09 | 信达科创(唐山)石油设备有限公司 | 超长保温管道及其加工方法 |
CN112917099A (zh) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 刘东乐 | 一种铠甲保温管的生产方法 |
CN114216003A (zh) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-03-22 | 郭其小 | 钢材保温 |
WO2023283445A1 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-12 | Sage Geosystems Inc. | Thermally insulated tubing for geothermal power systems |
CN115163982A (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-11 | 辽宁江丰保温材料有限公司 | 一种新型喷涂缠绕供热保温管 |
NL2033314B1 (nl) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-05-02 | Optisolar Holding B V | Warmtebron en samenstel van een bodemlaag en een dergelijke warmtebron |
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GB2582377B (en) | 2022-11-23 |
GB201903983D0 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
CO2019005166A1 (es) | 2020-04-24 |
BR102019016098A2 (pt) | 2020-08-11 |
KR20200094057A (ko) | 2020-08-06 |
MX2019009087A (es) | 2020-07-30 |
US10948121B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 |
CN109578752A (zh) | 2019-04-05 |
RU2721011C1 (ru) | 2020-05-15 |
GB2582377A (en) | 2020-09-23 |
CN109578752B (zh) | 2024-02-23 |
CA3051392C (en) | 2022-01-04 |
AR116259A1 (es) | 2021-04-21 |
KR102253738B1 (ko) | 2021-05-18 |
JP6880096B2 (ja) | 2021-06-02 |
US20200240571A1 (en) | 2020-07-30 |
EP3690348A1 (en) | 2020-08-05 |
CA3051392A1 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
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