JP2020100812A - 低屈折率モノマーを使用する高光透過性ポリマーエアロゲル - Google Patents
低屈折率モノマーを使用する高光透過性ポリマーエアロゲル Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020100812A JP2020100812A JP2019212419A JP2019212419A JP2020100812A JP 2020100812 A JP2020100812 A JP 2020100812A JP 2019212419 A JP2019212419 A JP 2019212419A JP 2019212419 A JP2019212419 A JP 2019212419A JP 2020100812 A JP2020100812 A JP 2020100812A
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- VOBUAPTXJKMNCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(OC(=O)C=C)OC(=O)C=C VOBUAPTXJKMNCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- BWTMTZBMAGYMOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical group C=CC(=O)OCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)COC(=O)C=C BWTMTZBMAGYMOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- VBHXIMACZBQHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(=O)C=C VBHXIMACZBQHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0004—Use of compounding ingredients, the chemical constitution of which is unknown, broadly defined, or irrelevant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
- C08J3/242—Applying crosslinking or accelerating agent onto compounding ingredients such as fillers, reinforcements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
- C08J9/286—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum the liquid phase being a solvent for the monomers but not for the resulting macromolecular composition, i.e. macroporous or macroreticular polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/026—Crosslinking before of after foaming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
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Abstract
Description
Claims (24)
- 重合性モノマー及び架橋剤からなるポリマーエアロゲルであって、少なくとも1つのモノマー又は少なくとも1つの架橋剤が、1.5未満の屈折率を有し、また、少なくとも20%/3mmの可視透過率、50%/3mm以下のヘーズ、及び少なくとも10%の多孔率を有する、ポリマーエアロゲル。
- 前記少なくとも1つの前記モノマー又は前記少なくとも1つの前記架橋剤が、1.4未満の屈折率を有する、請求項1に記載のポリマーエアロゲル。
- 前記ポリマーエアロゲルが、少なくとも40%の多孔率、30%/3mm以下のヘーズ、及び少なくとも500m2/gの比表面積を有する、請求項1に記載のポリマーエアロゲル。
- 前記ポリマーエアロゲルが、6%/3mm未満のヘーズ、300m2/g超の比表面積、20%超の多孔率、10nm未満の平均孔径、及び半値全幅10nm未満の孔径分布を有する、請求項1に記載のポリマーエアロゲル。
- 前記ポリマーエアロゲルが、250℃を超える分解開始温度を有する、請求項1に記載のポリマーエアロゲル。
- 前記ポリマーエアロゲルが、0.1W/mK未満の熱伝導率を有する、請求項1に記載のポリマーエアロゲル。
- 前駆体を溶媒へと溶解させることであって、前記前駆体が、前駆体溶液を形成するためのモノマー、架橋剤、制御剤、及び反応開始剤を含み、少なくとも1つの前記モノマー又は少なくとも1つの前記架橋剤が1.5以下の屈折率を有する、前駆体を溶媒へと溶解させることと、
前記前駆体溶液を重合してゲルポリマーを形成することと、
前記ゲルポリマーから前記溶媒を除去して、エアロゲルポリマーを生成することと、を含む、エアロゲルを製造する方法。 - 前記少なくとも1つの前記モノマー又は前記少なくとも1つの前記架橋剤が、1.4未満の屈折率を有する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体が、少なくとも3.5GPaの剛性を有する少なくとも1種のモノマー又は少なくとも1種の架橋剤を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種のモノマー又は前記少なくとも1種の架橋剤が、ジビニルベンゼン、ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート、ヘキサンジオールジメタクリレート、トリメタクリレートアダマンタン、及びジペンタエリスリトールペンタアクリレートからなる群から選択される1つを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 1.5未満の屈折率を有する前記少なくとも1つの前記モノマー又は前記少なくとも1つの前記架橋剤が、1H,1H,6H,6H−ペルフルオロ−1,6−ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート(F−HDDA)、2,3,4,5,6−ペンタフルオロスチレン、1H,1H,2H−ペルフルオロ−1−ヘキセン、エチレングリコールジアクリレート、1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロイソプロピルメタクリレート、2,2,2−トリフルオロエチルメタクリレート、1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロイソプロピルアクリレート、2,2,2−トリフルオロエチルアクリレート、メタクリレート官能化ペルフルオロポリエーテル、及びアクリレート官能化ペルフルオロポリエーテルからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記開始剤が、熱反応開始剤、AIBN、過酸化ラウロイル、過酸化ベンゾイル、過酸化tert−ブチル、過酸化ジクミル、光開始剤、ベンゾフェノン、アントラキノン、カンファーキノン、及びベンゾインからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記制御剤が、連鎖移動剤、有機チオール連鎖移動剤、ドデカチオール、クロロホルム、オクチルメルカプタン、及び1,8−ジメルカプト−3,6−ジオキサオクタンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記制御剤が、安定したフリーラジカル重合を可能にする試薬、安定したニトロキシド、アルコキシアミン、2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−1−ピペリジニルオキシ(TEMPO)、及び4−ヒドロキシ−TEMPOからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記制御剤が、RAFT重合の媒介を可能にする試薬、トリチオカーボネート連鎖移動剤、ザンテート連鎖移動剤、ベンゾジチオエート連鎖移動剤、及びATRP重合の媒介を可能にするリガンド配位遷移金属イオンからなる群から選択される1つ以上を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記重合性前駆体が、0.1〜70体積%の前記前駆体溶液を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記反応開始剤が、0.001〜10重量%の前記前駆体溶液を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記制御剤が、0.0001〜10重量%の前記前駆体溶液を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種の低屈折率モノマー又は前記少なくとも1つの架橋剤が、0.1〜70体積%の前記重合性前駆体を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも3.5GPaの剛性を有するモノマー及び架橋剤が、30〜99.9体積%の前記重合性前駆体を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 重合が、前記前駆体溶液を50〜150℃の温度まで少なくとも1分間の間加熱すること、又は電磁放射線へと曝露すること、のうちのどちらか1つを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲルポリマーを乾燥させる前に、溶媒交換を実施することを更に含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲルポリマーを乾燥させることが、周囲乾燥、凍結乾燥、又は超臨界CO2乾燥のうち1つを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 請求項7に記載のプロセスから製造されるエアロゲル。
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