JP2020083608A - Rake for granule supply device, its using method, and granule supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rake which is provided on a hopper and can be used for discharging substantially the entire amount of a granule in the hopper.SOLUTION: A rake that promotes discharge of a granule from an opening includes: a rotation shaft; a support member which is fixed to a first end of the rotation shaft and extends to a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft; a plurality of rod members provided so as to extend to an extension direction of the rotation shaft from the support member vertical to the support member; and a paddle member mounted on at least one rod member. The paddle member has a surface formed so as to apply a force to the granule and is mounted so as to be rotatable to the rod member. The paddle member is rotatable within an angle region including a rear part in a rotation direction when the rotation axis is rotated in a first direction around the rod member, and its rotation is restricted by contacting the adjacent rod member or another paddle member mounted on the adjacent rod member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the supply of powder or granular material such as powdered activated carbon, and in particular, it is provided in a powder or granular material supply device for storing and supplying the powder or granular material to promote discharge of the powder or granular material from the powder or granular material supply device. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a rake, a method of operating the rake, and a powdery or granular material supply device provided with such a rake.

Known is a powdery- or granular-material feeder configured as a hopper or a tank or a storage tank for storing the powdery or granular material, having a discharge port for discharging the powdery or granular material at the bottom, and supplying the powdery or granular material through the discharge port. There is. Some of the powders and granules supplied from the powder and granules supply device have poor fluidity and have a property of being easily attached to the wall surface of the hopper. For example, in a water purification plant in waterworks, powdered activated carbon may be added to raw water to remove off-flavors from tap water.The powdered activated carbon may be used in a closed system of dry activated carbon and dust. There is a method of using powdered activated carbon that has been hydrated to reduce the occurrence of In the case of using powdered activated carbon that has been hydrated, for example, the activated carbon obtained by adding water to a concentration of about 50% by mass is stored in a hopper, and a necessary amount is supplied through a discharge port at the bottom of the hopper. There is. However, powdered activated carbon that has been hydrolyzed to about 50% by mass has poor fluidity and has the property of being very likely to stick, and depending on the amount of powdered activated carbon in the hopper, it is only necessary to open the discharge port at the bottom of the hopper. So-called ratholes and bridging may occur and the hopper may not discharge.

As a technique for accelerating the discharge of powder or granules, Patent Document 1 discloses that a hopper has a flat bottom surface, a discharge port is provided on the bottom surface, and a rake having a rotation axis perpendicular to the bottom surface is provided. Disclosed is a powdered activated carbon supply device in which a rake is rotated in the vicinity of the bottom surface to prevent the powdered activated carbon from sticking to ensure fluidity and promote the discharge of the powdered activated carbon from the discharge port. The rake disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a horizontal plate attached to the tip of the rotary shaft so as to be parallel to the bottom surface of the hopper, and a plurality of rakes extending vertically from the horizontal plate toward the bottom surface of the hopper. And a plurality of bars forming a comb-tooth structure.

JP, 2005-28295, A

The powdered activated carbon supply device disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses a comb-shaped rake, and the remaining amount of the powdered activated carbon in the hopper is reduced, and the thickness of the powdered activated carbon is, for example, about the length of the rod of the rake. Then, although the powdered activated carbon of the portion corresponding to the locus of the rod due to the rotation of the rake can be discharged, the powdered activated carbon of the other portion cannot be discharged. Since the amount of powdered activated carbon that cannot be discharged is reduced, the effective capacity of the hopper is reduced, and it is necessary to manually scrape off the remaining powdered activated carbon when cleaning the hopper. In order to reduce the remaining amount, it is conceivable that a rake plate made of a fin-shaped member is provided in the rake instead of the rod body and the rake is rotated in the hopper. However, when such a scraping plate is used, the powdered activated carbon that has been hydrolyzed is likely to solidify due to consolidation, so when the amount of powdered activated carbon in the hopper is large, the powdered activated carbon near the bottom of the hopper is added to its own weight and scratched. When the rake is rotated, the rake cannot rotate because a large torque is generated when the rake rotates due to the solidification caused by the consolidation. If the rake cannot rotate, so-called ratholes and bridging may occur and it becomes difficult to discharge the powdered activated carbon in the hopper. Such a phenomenon that the hydrated powdered activated carbon is prevented from being discharged from the hopper can occur in various powdery or granular materials other than the powdered active material regardless of the presence or absence of water.

An object of the present invention is to provide a rake that can be used to easily discharge almost all of the granular material stored in the hopper, a method of using the rake, and a granular material supply device equipped with such a rake. And to provide.

The rake of the present invention is a rake used for promoting discharge of powder or granules from an opening, and includes a rotating shaft having a first end and a second end, and a second end. A direction toward the first end is defined as a first direction, a support member fixed to the first end and extending in a direction orthogonal to the first direction, and a support member extending from the support member in a direction perpendicular to the support member. A plurality of bar members provided so as to extend in one direction, and a paddle member attached to at least one bar member, the paddle member being formed to exert a force on the granular material. Has a curved surface and is rotatably attached to the bar member at one end side of the surface, and the rotation of the paddle member around the bar member is in the rear direction of rotation when the rotation shaft is rotated in the first rotation direction. Within the angular region including and that the paddle member abuts against a bar member adjacent to the bar member to which the paddle member is attached or against another paddle member attached to this adjacent bar member. It is regulated by contact.

According to the present invention, a paddle member having a surface formed so as to exert a force on a granular material is rotatably attached to at least one of a plurality of rod members forming a rake having a comb tooth structure, and The rear of the rotation direction when the rotation axis of the rake is rotated in the first rotation direction is included within the rotatable angular range of the paddle member. On the other hand, the rotation of the paddle member is restricted by coming into contact with the adjacent rod member or another paddle member attached to the adjacent rod member. As a result, when the rotating shaft is rotated in the first rotation direction while the paddle member is embedded in the granular material, the paddle member receives the resistance of the granular material and the paddle member moves around the rod member around the first direction. Rotate in the direction of rotation in the direction of rotation. In this state, the paddle member practically does not exert a force on the powder and granules, and the stick member loosens the adhered powder and granules similarly to the conventional rake having the comb tooth structure. When the rotation direction of the rotating shaft is reversed from the state of rotating in the first rotation direction, the paddle member rotates around the rod member due to the resistance from the powder particles, but the paddle member is attached. By making contact with a bar member adjacent to the existing bar member (or another paddle member attached to the adjacent bar member), further rotation cannot be performed. In this state, the rotation of the rotary shaft causes the paddle member to be pressed against the powder or granular material from almost the front side, and functions as a scraping plate for the powder or granular material. Thereby, for example, if this rake is provided in the hopper, when the amount of the powder or granular material in the hopper is large, the rotary shaft is rotated in the first rotation direction and the rake is used as a rake having a normal comb tooth structure, When the amount of powder or granular material decreases, the rotation direction can be reversed and the paddle member can function as a scraping plate. As a result, it becomes possible to discharge the powder and granules stored in the hopper almost to the end.

The method of using the rake of the present invention is a hopper that has a discharge port on the bottom surface and is used for storing powder and granules. The first end is inside the hopper and the first direction is relative to the bottom surface. Arrange the rake so that it is vertical, rotate the rotating shaft in the first rotation direction, and when the amount of the granular material in the hopper falls below a predetermined value, the first rotation direction is the opposite direction. The rotating shaft is rotated in the direction of rotation of 2, and a force is exerted from the paddle member to the granular material while the rotation of the paddle member is restricted, and the granular material is scraped in the hopper.

The powdery- or granular-material feeder of the present invention comprises a hopper having a discharge port on the bottom surface for storing the powdery or granular material, and the rake of the present invention, wherein the rake has a first end located inside the hopper. It is arranged so that the first direction is perpendicular to the bottom surface.

According to the present invention, it becomes easy to discharge the powder and granular material in the hopper to almost the entire amount.

It is a schematic cross section which shows the powdery-particles supply apparatus of one embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the paddle member provided in a rake, (a) is a top view and (b) is a front view. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the relationship between the rotation direction of a rake, and the direction of a paddle member. (A)-(c) is a top view which shows a curved paddle member. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the rotation direction of a rake when using a curved paddle member, and the direction of a paddle member. It is a figure which shows another example of arrangement|positioning of the attachment position of the rod member in the horizontal plate of a rake.

Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a powdery or granular material supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The powdery- or granular-material supply device is provided with a hopper 1 for storing the powdery or granular material 50, discharges the powdery or granular material from the hopper 1, and supplies the powdery or granular material to a place where the powdery or granular material is demanded. The granular material 50 stored in the hopper 1 is, for example, hydrated activated carbon powder containing about 50% by mass of water.

The hopper 1 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided with a top plate 14 at an upper end thereof, and the top plate 14 is provided with a carry-in port 15 used when the powder particles 50 are transferred into the hopper 1. .. The lower part of the substantially cylindrical hopper 1 is formed as a slope portion 11 whose radius becomes narrower as it goes downward, and a flat bottom plate 12 is horizontally provided at the lower end of the hopper 1 in a form connected to the slope portion 11. Has been. The bottom plate 12 is provided with a discharge port 13 for discharging the powder or granular material 50 in the hopper 1 as an opening. The discharge port 13 may be provided at the center of the bottom plate 12, but in the illustrated case, the discharge port 13 is provided at a position closer to the outer periphery of the bottom plate 12 when viewed from the center of the bottom plate 12. Below the discharge port 13, a delivery device 5 including a pair of delivery rotors 6 for delivering a predetermined amount of powder or granules is provided. The powder particles discharged from the discharge port 13 are discharged downward from the lower surface of the feeder 5 by a predetermined amount by the rotation of the feeding rotor 6.

A rake 2 is provided in the hopper 1 in order to accelerate the discharge of the powder particles 50 in the hopper 1. The rake 2 includes a rotary shaft 20 extending in the vertical direction, a horizontal plate 21 fixed to a lower end of the rotary shaft 20, that is, a first end, a plurality of rod members 22 attached to the horizontal plate 21, and at least one of them. And a paddle member 23 rotatably attached to the rod member 22. The upper end of the rotary shaft 20, that is, the second end, extends through the top plate 14 to the outside of the hopper 1. The motor 3 is connected to the upper end of the rotary shaft 20. The motor 3 is driven and controlled by the control device 4. In particular, the motor 3 can rotate in both forward and reverse directions under the control of the control device 4.

The horizontal plate 21 functions as a support member that supports the plurality of rod members 22 so that the plurality of rod members 22 revolve around the axis of the rotation shaft 20 by the rotation of the rotation shaft 20. The horizontal plate 21 is, for example, an elongated plate, and is attached to the lower end of the rotary shaft 20 so that its longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the extending direction of the rotary shaft 20. The mounting position of the rotary shaft 20 on the horizontal plate 21 is not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, the rotary shaft 20 is perpendicular to the plate surface of the horizontal plate 21 near the center in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal plate 21. The horizontal plate 21 is attached to the lower end of the rotary shaft 20 so that Alternatively, the horizontal plate 21 may be fixed to the lower end of the rotary shaft 20 at the position of the end of the horizontal plate 21 in the longitudinal direction. As the supporting member for supporting the plurality of rod members 22, it is possible to use a member other than the horizontal plate 21 as described above, but when the rotating member is rotated in the granular material 50, the granular material is used as the supporting member. Since it is preferable that the resistance force from 50 does not reach as much as possible, it is preferable to use the horizontal plate 21 as described above as the supporting member.

The rod member 22 is for loosening the powder or granular material 50 retained and fixed at the bottom of the hopper 1, like the rake rod provided in the powder activated carbon supply device disclosed in Patent Document 1. .. When the direction from the upper end to the lower end of the rotary shaft 20 is referred to as a first direction, the plurality of rod members 22 are spaced from each other along the length direction of the horizontal plate 21 with respect to the plate surface of the horizontal plate 21. Are provided vertically and extend from the horizontal plate 21 in the first direction. It is preferable that the plurality of rod members 22 have the same length, so that when the horizontal plate 21 is arranged so as to be parallel to the bottom plate 12 of the hopper 1, the tip of the rod member 22 and the bottom plate 12 are The intervals are the same for the plurality of bar members 22, and it becomes possible to approach the bottom plate 12 as close as possible without bringing the tips of the bar members 22 into contact with the bottom plate 12. The smaller the distance between the tip of the rod member 22 and the bottom plate 12, the smaller the amount of the powder or granules 50 remaining in the hopper 1 even if it is scraped out by the rake 2. Therefore, the rake 2 is attached to the hopper 1 so that the tip of the rod member 22 is as close to the bottom plate 12 as possible. The horizontal plate 21 may have a plurality of bar members 22 attached on a straight line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the horizontal plate 21, or may have a zigzag shape that is substantially along the straight line. May be.

Next, the paddle member 23 will be described. 2A and 2B are a top view and a front view, respectively, of the paddle member 23, and in particular, FIG. 2B also shows how the paddle member 23 is attached to the rod member 22. The paddle member 23 is provided on the tip end side of the rod member 22, that is, on the side close to the bottom plate 12 when the rake 2 is attached to the hopper 1. The paddle member 23 includes a cylindrical portion 24 and a wing-shaped portion 26, and the wing-shaped portion 26 has a substantially rectangular shape having a surface parallel to the extending direction (first direction) of the rod member 22. The wing-shaped portion 26 exerts a pressing force on the surface formed to exert a force on the powder/granular material 50, that is, the powder/granular material 50, or a relative movement between the powder/granular material 50 and the blade-shaped portion 26. Accordingly, a portion that receives a resistance force from the powder or granular material 50 side is configured. The length of the cylindrical portion 24 is equal to the length of the short side of the wing portion 26, and one short side of the wing portion 26 is connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 24. The cylindrical portion 24 has a through hole 25 connecting the upper end and the lower end thereof, and the rod member 22 is inserted into the through hole 25. The outer diameter of the rod member 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 25, the cylindrical portion 24 is rotatable around the rod member 22, and the paddle member 23 is at the one end side of the wing portion 26 of the rod member 22. It is attached to 22 so as to be rotatable. The rod member 22 includes a position corresponding to the upper end of the cylindrical portion 24 of the paddle member 23 and the rod member 22 so that the paddle member 23 does not drop off from the rod member 22 or come closer to the horizontal plate 21 than a predetermined position. Pressing members 31 and 32 having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 25 of the cylindrical portion 24 are provided at the most distal position of the.

The height of the paddle member 23 is the length in the short side direction of the wing-shaped portion 26 formed in a substantially rectangular shape. The length of the cylindrical portion 24 matches the height of the paddle member 23. The distance between the central axis of the through hole 25 of the cylindrical portion 24 and the other short side of the wing-shaped portion 26 is called the effective width of the paddle member 23. Although the wing-shaped portion 26 may have a curved shape as described later, the effective width is defined not by the length along the curve but by the distance measured as a linear distance without following the curve. The effective width of the paddle member 23 is made slightly longer than the distance between the rod member 22 to which the paddle member 23 is attached and the rod member 22 adjacent to the rod member 22. As a result, the paddle member 23, when rotated about its attached rod member 22, is in relation to the adjacent rod member 22 (or another paddle member 23 attached to the adjacent rod member 22). The tip end side of the wing-shaped portion 26 comes into contact with the blade-shaped portion 26 and cannot rotate any further. That is, the rotation of the paddle member 23 is restricted. The angular range in which the paddle member 23 can rotate around the rod member 22 is within the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis 20 with the longitudinal direction of the horizontal plate 21 to which the rod member 22 is attached as a boundary line. It will be limited to one side. Rotation of each paddle member 23 around the rod member 22 is possible within an angular region including the rear of the rotation direction when the rotation shaft 20 is rotated in the first rotation direction. That is, when a plurality of paddle members are attached to the rake 2, the rotatable angular range of each paddle member 23 is, as viewed from the position of the rotary shaft 20, the left side in this direction with respect to the direction in which the horizontal plate 21 extends. It is unified on either the right side or the right side. This first rotation direction is the forward rotation direction of the motor 3.

Next, the discharge of the powder particles 50 in the hopper 1 from the discharge port 13 when the rake 2 described above is attached to the hopper 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the horizontal plate 21 is drawn down from the upper end side of the rotary shaft 20, assuming that the horizontal plate 21 is attached to the rotary shaft 20 further leftward than the left end of the drawing. The horizontal plate 21 of the rake 2 is parallel to the bottom plate 12 of the hopper 1, and the tips of the rod members 22 are close to the bottom plate 12. When the rotating shaft 20 is rotated in the first rotation direction by the motor 3 in the state in which a large amount of the powder particles 50 are present in the hopper 1, the paddle member 23 attached to the rod member 22 has its wing-shaped portion 26. Receives a resistance from the powder or granular material 50, and thus rotates around the rod member 22 so as to face the rotation direction rearward in the first rotation direction, as shown in FIG. In this state, the paddle member 23 does not substantially exert a force on the granular material 50, and the rod member 22 is fixed in the hopper 1 like the conventional rake having a comb-tooth structure. 50 will be loosened. As a result, the granular material is discharged from the discharge port 13, and the amount of the granular material 50 in the hopper 1 gradually decreases.

When the amount of the granular material 50 in the hopper 1 decreases and the depth of the granular material 50 reaches the position of the horizontal plate 21 of the rake 2, for example, the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 20 is reversed. As a result, the rotating shaft 20 starts rotating in the second rotating direction, which is the opposite direction to the first rotating direction, that is, the reverse rotating direction. When the rotation direction is reversed, the paddle member 23 again receives the resistance from the granular material 50 and rotates around the rod member 22. Since the powder particles 50 in the hopper 1 are removed by the rod member 22 during the normal rotation, a depletion region or a low density region is formed in a circle around the position of the rotating shaft 20. If the rotation direction is reversed, the tip end of the paddle member 23, that is, the other end opposite to the one end connected to the cylindrical portion 24 is normally in the radial direction of the circumferential depletion region or the low density region. The powder or granules 50 located outside will be bitten, and the powder or granules 50 that have been bitten will receive the resistance and rotate in a direction away from the rotary shaft 20. Since the effective width of the paddle member 23 is longer than the distance to the adjacent rod member 22, the paddle member 23 rotated around the rod member 22 in the direction away from the rotation shaft 20 is as shown in FIG. , The paddle member 23 is attached to the rod member 22 adjacent to the rod member 22 (or another paddle member 23 attached to the adjacent rod member 22), so that further rotation can be performed. Disappear. In this state, the rotation of the rotary shaft 20 causes the paddle member 23 to be pressed against the granular material 50 from substantially the front side, and functions as a scraping plate for the granular material 50. Since the amount of the powder particles 50 in the hopper 1 is already small, even if the paddle member 23 functions as a scraping plate and rotates in the hopper 1 as the rotating shaft 20 rotates in the reverse direction, The rotation of the rake 2 due to the consolidation and solidification of the rake 2 does not cause the inability to rotate. Further, by functioning the paddle member 23 as the scraping plate, the powder particles 50 stored in the hopper 1 can be discharged almost to the end.

A suitable length of the bar member 22 as the rake 2 having a comb-like structure for loosening the adhered powder and granules 50 and a suitable height of the paddle member 23 as a scraping plate for scraping the powder and granules 50 are different from each other. Since the former length is generally longer, the paddle member 23 is attached to the tip end side of the rod member 22 and a gap is created between the upper end of the paddle member 23 and the horizontal plate 21. The height of the paddle member 23 is, for example, not less than ¼ and not more than ½ of the length of the rod member 22.

When the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 20 is switched from normal rotation to reverse rotation, the paddle member 23 normally rotates around the rod member 22 in a direction away from the rotary shaft 20 by the action of the powder particles 50. However, the paddle member 23 may rotate in the direction approaching the rotation shaft 20 depending on the state of the powder or granular material 50 in the hopper 1. Therefore, in order to prevent the rotation of the paddle member 23 from the position of the paddle member 23 when the rotary shaft 20 is rotating in the normal direction, rotation prevention mechanism is built in the pressing members 31 and 32 attached to the rod member 22. You can also do it. Further, since the paddle member 23 rotates away from the rotary shaft 20, it is preferable not to attach the paddle member 23 to the bar member 22 at the position farthest from the rotary shaft 20 in the horizontal plate 21. When the rotary shaft 20 is attached near the center of the elongated horizontal plate 21 and a plurality of bar members 22 are provided on the horizontal plate 21 on both sides sandwiching the position of the rotary shaft 20, the horizontal plate 21 is positioned at the position of the rotary shaft 20. The paddle member 23 is not attached to the rod member 22 farthest from the rotation shaft 20 in each of the divided regions. Similarly, when a plurality of bar members 22 are provided on the horizontal plate 21 on both sides of the position of the rotary shaft 20, in order to enhance the effect of the rake 2 having a comb-tooth structure, the bar member 22 and the rotary shaft 20 are provided. It is preferable that the distance from the position of is different from each other for all the bar members 22 attached to the horizontal plate 21.

The paddle member 23 described above includes the wing-shaped portion 26 that is a substantially rectangular plate. However, since the wing-shaped portion 26 is a flat plate, the circumferential locus drawn by the wing-shaped portion 26 has a certain width when the rotating shaft 20 rotates in the normal direction, which may cause the occurrence of consolidation or the like. In addition, the action of the powder or granular material 50 also causes an increase in the rotational resistance of the rake 2. Therefore, in order to reduce the width of the locus formed in the powder or granular material 50 when the rotating shaft 20 rotates in the normal direction, it is possible to curve the wing portion 26 in a plane orthogonal to the rotating shaft 20. This curvature is such that when the paddle member 23 rotates around the rod member 22 rearward in the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 20 due to the normal rotation of the rotation shaft 20, the direction of the rotation shaft 20 becomes the inside of the curvature. The radius of curvature is set to be substantially equal to the distance between the rod member 22 to which the paddle member 23 is attached and the rotary shaft 20. 4A to 4C are all top views of such a curved paddle member 23. Of the three paddle members 23 shown in FIG. 4, the paddle member 23 shown in FIG. 4A has the smallest curvature radius of curvature and is attached to the bar member 22 near the rotary shaft 20 on the horizontal plate 21. 4(b) has the second smallest curvature radius, and is attached to the rod member 22 farther from the rotation shaft 23 than the paddle member 23 shown in FIG. 4(a). The one shown in FIG. 4( c) has the largest curvature radius of curvature among the three paddle members 23 shown in FIG. 4, and the rod member 22 farthest from the rotation shaft 20 among these paddle members 23. It is attached.

The curved paddle member 23 shown in FIG. 4 is provided at the other end, that is, at the tip end of the wing-shaped portion 26 with a curling portion 27 extending toward the outside of the curvature of the wing-shaped portion 26. When the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 20 is reversed from the normal rotation direction to the reverse rotation direction, the warp portion 27 bites into the granular material 50 to move the paddle member 23 around the rod member 22 away from the rotary shaft 20. It is for sure rotation. At the position of the tip of the curved wing 26, the angle θ formed by the tangential plane to the wing 26 and the warp portion 27 is preferably in the range of 10° to 40°, and is set to 20° as an example. The warp portion 27 may be provided in the paddle member 23 including the wing-like portion 26 having no curvature as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. After all, regardless of whether or not the wing-shaped portion 26 is curved, the folded-back portion 27 assumes that the paddle member 23 is rotated around the rod member 22 in the rotation direction rearward of the rotation shaft 20 by the normal rotation of the rotation shaft 20. Further, it is provided at the tip of the wing-shaped portion 26 so as to be away from the rotary shaft 20.

FIG. 5 is a view of the rake 2 including the curved paddle member 23 as viewed from the upper end side of the rotating shaft 20, and shows the relationship between the rotation direction of the rake 2 and the direction of the paddle member 23. The horizontal plate 21 is attached to the rotary shaft 20 at a position approximately in the center of the horizontal plate 21 in the longitudinal direction. Three rod members 22 are provided on one side of the horizontal plate 21 at this attachment position, and four on the other side. A book bar member 22 is provided. The mounting positions of these rod members 22 on the horizontal plate 21 are on a straight line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the horizontal plate 21. On the side where the three rod members 22 are provided, the paddle members 23 are attached to the first and second rod members 22 from the side closer to the rotary shaft 20, respectively, and the four rod members 22 are provided. The paddle members 23 are attached to the second and third rod members 22 from the side closer to the rotating shaft 20, respectively. In FIG. 5, the solid line shows the arrangement of the horizontal plate 21 and the paddle member 23 when the rotary shaft 20 is rotating normally, and the broken line is the horizontal plate 21 and the paddle member when the rotary shaft 20 is rotating reversely. 23 shows the arrangement of 23. The horizontal plate 21 is provided with seven bar members 22 in total, but the distances between these bar members 22 and the rotary shaft 20 are different from each other, and as a result, the one-dot chain line in the drawing shows. As indicated by, the loci of the seven rod members 22 accompanying the rotation of the rotary shaft 20 are represented by seven concentric circles. Also in FIG. 5, it is shown that the direction changes around the rod member 22 of each paddle member 23 due to the normal rotation and the reverse rotation of the rotation shaft 20.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, the attachment positions of the seven rod members 22 with respect to the horizontal plate 21 are arranged on a straight line, but the arrangement of the rod members 22 is not limited to this. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the attachment positions of the rod members 22 are arranged in a zigzag shape along a straight line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the horizontal plate 21. As described above, in the rake 2 of the present embodiment, the attachment positions of the rod members 22 on the horizontal plate 21 may be arranged in a zigzag manner. By arranging in a zigzag manner, the orientation of the paddle member 23 when the rotating shaft 20 is reversed can be optimized to function as a scraping plate.

According to the rake 2 described above, the volume of the granular material 50 that can be discharged is increased even if the outer diameter of the hopper 1 is the same as in the case of using the conventional one, so that the effective capacity of the hopper 1 is increased. Further, it is possible to save labor for manually discharging the granular material remaining in the hopper 1. Furthermore, by simply switching the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 20, that is, the rotation direction of the rake 2, it is possible to switch between the unraveling of the granular material by the comb-tooth structure and the scraping by the scraping plate, and a simple structure in the hopper 1 It becomes possible to discharge almost all of the granular material.

1 Hopper 2 Rake 3 Motor 4 Controller 5 Sender 6 Sending rotor 11 Slope part 12 Bottom plate 13 Discharge port 14 Top plate 15 Carrying port 20 Rotating shaft 21 Horizontal plate 22 Bar member 23 Paddle member 24 Cylindrical part 25 Through hole 26 Wing part 27 Curling part 50 Powder

Claims (10)

A rake used to facilitate the discharge of particulate matter from the opening,
A rotating shaft having a first end and a second end;
A support member fixed to the first end and extending in a direction orthogonal to the first direction, with a direction from the second end toward the first end being a first direction,
A plurality of bar members provided so as to extend perpendicularly to the support member from the support member in the first direction;
A paddle member attached to at least one bar member;
Have
The paddle member has a surface formed so as to exert a force on the granular material, and is rotatably attached to the rod member at one end side of the surface,
The rotation of the paddle member around the rod member is possible within an angular region including the rear of the rotation direction when the rotation shaft is rotated in the first rotation direction, and the paddle member is attached. A rake regulated by abutting the paddle member against a bar member adjacent to the bar member or against another paddle member attached to the adjacent bar member. The mounting position of the paddle member in the rod member is the tip side of the rod member,
The rake according to claim 1, wherein the surface is a surface parallel to the first direction. The surface has a radius corresponding to a distance between the rod member to which the paddle member having the surface is attached and the rotation shaft, and the paddle member rotates around the rod member toward the rear in the rotation direction. The rake according to claim 2, wherein the rake is curved so that a direction facing the rotation axis is an inner side when the rake is performed. At the other end of the surface, there is a warp portion that extends in a direction away from the rotation axis when the paddle member is rotating around the rod member toward the rear in the rotation direction. The rake according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The attachment position of the plurality of rod members to the support member is arranged on a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the support member or in a zigzag shape along the straight line. Rake described in paragraph. The rake according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a plurality of the paddle members. The support member is fixed to the first end portion at the center in the longitudinal direction of the support member,
7. The plurality of bar members and at least one paddle member are arranged on each side in the longitudinal direction of the support member with the fixed position between the support member and the first end sandwiched therebetween. The listed rake. A method of using the rake according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein
A hopper used for storing powder or granules having an outlet on a bottom surface, wherein the first end is inside the hopper so that the first direction is perpendicular to the bottom surface. Place the rake,
Rotating the rotating shaft in the first rotating direction,
When the amount of the granular material in the hopper becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the rotation shaft is rotated in the second rotation direction that is the opposite direction to the first rotation direction, and the rotation of the paddle member is restricted. A method of use in which a force is exerted from the paddle member on the granular material in the state of being kept to scrape the granular material in the hopper. A hopper that has a discharge port on the bottom and stores powder and granules,
A rake according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Equipped with
The powdery or granular material supply device, wherein the rake is arranged such that the first end portion is inside the hopper and the first direction is perpendicular to the bottom surface. A motor connected to the second end to rotate the rotary shaft;
A control device for controlling the rotation direction of the motor,
The powdery or granular material supply device according to claim 9, further comprising:

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