JPH0952629A - Discharging device for powder/grain material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device continuously and stably discharging a constant quantity of powder/grain material without bridging it with a simple structure. SOLUTION: A container outlet 2 is provided near the bottom near the bottom center of a container 1, and a rotary member 3 having a vertical drive shaft 8 is provided above the container outlet 2. Fulcrum shafts 6 are arranged at the tips of multiple pole members 4 extended near the inner wall of the container 1 from the rotary member 3, and one-end sections of scraper members 7 are supported by the fulcrum shafts 6 so that the other end sections can be rotated on the plane parallel with the bottom face. The scraper members 7 have the prescribed length and shape so that the moment of the force around the fulcrum shafts 6 of the drag applied by the powder/grain material to the front faces of the scraper members 7 when the powder/grain material is raked up from the outer periphery section to the container outlet 2 between the fulcrum shafts 6 and the container outlet 2 is balanced with the moment of the force in the opposite direction around the fulcrum shafts 6 of the drag applied by the powder/grain material near the container outlet 2 to the rear faces of the other end sections of the scraper members 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a powdery or granular material discharging device having a container outlet at the center of the bottom of a container and having a rotating member for covering the container outlet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 6-45151 is made by the same inventor as the present application, and has a container outlet at the center of the bottom of the container and a rotating member having an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the container outlet above the container outlet. , A scraper member is arranged on the lower surface or the side surface of the rotating member, and the scraper member is changed in angle or position in accordance with the magnitude of the effect received from the granular material, and the pressing force is applied to the granular material so that the powder is discharged from the container outlet. Disclosed is a discharge device for powder particles that discharges particles.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention The powder discharging apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-45151 basically uses a mechanism for applying a constant pressing force to the powder by a spring member. Therefore, especially when targeting high-temperature powder or granular material, the spring member itself may be exposed to high temperature and may exceed the transformation point of the spring steel material.If no countermeasure is taken, the spring action force may decrease with temperature. Sometimes, it disappears and cannot function as an ejector. Also, in this model, the diameter of the outlet cannot be changed on the way,
In the case where the flow characteristics of the granular material are extremely changed or the processing speed is greatly changed, it is necessary to temporarily stop the operation and replace the discharge port with a suitable one and a rotating member that matches the discharge port. Further, an unexpectedly large foreign matter may be mixed into the granular material, and the foreign matter may be caught between the rotating portion and the container to cause a load larger than the power of the motor to stop or damage the device. An object of the present invention is to provide a powdery or granular material discharging device in which such a problem is solved by a simple mechanism.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In the discharging apparatus for powder and granular material of the present invention, a container outlet is provided near the center of the bottom of the container, and the container outlet is provided with a convex surface having a central portion protruding upward and a vertical drive shaft. A fulcrum shaft is provided at each tip of a plurality of rod members extending from the rotary member to the vicinity of the inner wall of the container, and the fulcrum shaft causes one end of each scraper member to be a bottom surface at the other end. The scraper member is rotatably supported in a plane parallel with the front surface of the scraper member from the fulcrum shaft to the container outlet and scrapes the powder particles from the outer peripheral portion to the container outlet, thereby supporting the drag force from the powder particles. The moment of force around the axis and the moment of force opposite to the above about the fulcrum axis due to the drag force which the rear surface of the other end of the scraper member receives from the granular material near the outlet of the container are balanced. School It has a length and shape of supermarkets member constituting the pressing force added powder and granular material, which is controlled with respect to granular material to drain from the container outlet. Further, a shutter valve that is close to the container outlet and can change the diameter of the outlet is provided. Further, a flexible shaft coupling is inserted in the middle of the drive shaft.

[0005]

In the apparatus of the present invention, the powder or granular material in the container is supported by the wall bottom frictional force on the container bottom, the upper surface of the rotating member, and the inner wall of the container. The rotating member is supported separately by the drive shaft. Since the granular material moves between the fixed inner wall and the rotating rotary member and constantly moves, the action of stably bridging cannot be destroyed and a bridge cannot be formed. Further, since the upper portion of the rotating member has a convex surface and is rotating, the range of the angle of repose of the applicable granular material is expanded, and stagnation of the granular material is prevented over the entire surface of the rotating member. The particles moving around the rotating member at the bottom of the container are scraped by the scraper member from the peripheral part to the center, and the particles moving under the rotating member are released from the load of the storage tank particles in the container. . At this time, the scraper member has several functions, and each of them functions individually or in combination. That is, the inclination angle of the scraper member is determined by the balance of the moments of the force around the fulcrum due to the respective drag forces from the granular material received by the front surface from the fulcrum shaft to the container outlet and the rear surface of the other end with respect to the traveling direction of the scraper member. Is decided. Therefore, the action of scraping the granular material from the outer peripheral portion to the lower side of the rotating member, and when the lower part of the rotating member is filled with the granular material, the moment from the inside increases and the scraper member is scraped by changing the inclination angle of the scraper member. The action of reducing the width, that is, the amount of powder and granules to be sent. When the granular material below the rotating member is empty or when the apparent density is small, the moment from the inside decreases and the moment from the outside prevails to increase the scraping width by changing the inclination angle of the scraper member. That is, the action of increasing the amount of powder and granules to be sent. When a foreign object or a bulky object is bitten, the moment from the inside increases, and the tilting angle of the scraper member is changed to reduce the rotating torque.
Naturally, the gap between the tip of the rod member and the vessel wall of the container, the gap between the upper end of the scraper member and the lower end of the rod member or rotating member, and the gap between the lower end of the scraper member and the bottom of the container depend on the granular material. Take a wide clearance. For example, a few meters
When the maximum particle size of m is included, it is necessary to leave about 3 to 6 times as large as that.

The above main points will be schematically described with reference to FIG. C is the axis of the rotating member at the center of the container, A is the fulcrum shaft at the tip of the rod member, AB is the scraper member, and D is the scraper member.
C is a vertical line drawn from C to AB, 1 is a container, and 2 is a container outlet. A number of points between 1 and 2 indicate that the granules are full in the container. When A rotates counterclockwise 12 around C, AB receives a reaction from the granular layer in the opposite direction between A and D and between DB and B. Therefore, the moment of force by a at point A is M1, and the moment of force by b is M2.
Then, the scraper member converges so that the inclination angles θ in which the directions of M1 and M2 are opposite and the sizes are equal to each other. Then, the length and shape of AB are determined by how smoothly the powder particles inside the circle drawn by A are moved to the inside of the outlet 2. The granules reaching the outlet 2 are discharged from the container outlet. Therefore, it is understood that the point D may be near the circumference of the container outlet 2, the efficiency is better if A to D are smooth and D to B is as short as possible. The specific length and shape of the scraper member include the size of the equipment, the particle size distribution of the granules and the processing speed, the maximum particle size and amount contained in the granules, the material of the equipment, heat resistance, wear resistance. It is necessary to make various designs according to the application, such as ease of disassembly and assembly.
Although these specific detailed dimensions are omitted, they are included in the present invention, and only some of them are shown in the following examples.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a discharging apparatus for powdery particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of a main part of the apparatus. A container outlet 2 is provided near the center of the bottom of the container 1, and a rotating member 3 having a cone-shaped upper surface is provided above the container outlet 2. It is also possible to arrange the stationary member 5 on the inner wall of the container above the rotating member 3 and along the surface of the rotating member 3. A fulcrum shaft 6 is provided at the tip of a plurality of rod members 4 extending from the bottom surface of the rotating member 3 toward the inner wall of the container 1, and one end of the scraper member 7 is attached to the fulcrum shaft 6 and the other end is parallel to the bottom surface. Support the shaft so that it can rotate freely. The scraper member 7 can be a round bar, a flat bar, or various shapes. Also, it may be linear or FIG.
It is also effective to make it curve smoothly as shown in FIG. 4 to 5 show an example of a portion of the scraper member 7, it is also effective to widen a part of the other end portion obliquely so that a moment of force can easily act as shown in FIG. .
FIG. 5 shows an example using a round bar. Further, the length of the scraper member is set to a predetermined length so that the powdery particles can be smoothly moved from the fulcrum shaft to the container outlet, and the other end is arranged so that the other end follows the fulcrum shaft with rotation. These show an example in which a trace leveled on the front surface of the scraper member from the fulcrum shaft to the container outlet is further dug up by the other end of the scraper member and balanced. 1
Reference numeral 3 indicates the direction of rotation of the rotating member 3, scraper member 7, and the like. An attachment prevention member 9 is attached to the drive shaft 8, and the container outlet 2 discharges the powder or granular material to the outside of the container through the discharge port 10. The drive shaft 8 is not only from below the rotating member 3 but also from above.
Alternatively, it may be driven from the side surface of the container 1 by an appropriate supporting mechanism, and further, a flexible shaft is also possible. It is also effective to provide the container outlet 2 with a shutter valve 11 whose outlet diameter can be changed. FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the shutter valve in the discharge device for powder and granular material of the present invention, but other examples are also possible. The figure shows an example in which the shutter valve 11 is four. Reference numeral 21 is a shutter lever, and 22 is a container outlet formed by a shutter valve. It is also effective to connect a flexible shaft joint 12 in the middle of the drive shaft. FIG. 7 shows one embodiment of the flexible shaft joint in the discharging apparatus for powder and granules of the present invention, but other examples are also possible. Reference numerals 8 and 8A are drive shafts, 12 is a shaft coupling, and 31 is a nut. Further, this shaft coupling can be applied to the connection between the rotary member and the drive shaft. Further, it is possible to provide a detection means for detecting the flow state of the powder or granular material inside the container, and correct the aperture of the shutter valve 11 or the rotation state of the drive shaft 8 by the detection signal from the detection means. A simple method for detecting the flow state of the powder or granules is to detect the presence or absence of discharge of the powder or granules from the shutter valve 11 at the time of stop. It is known that when discharged, the shutter valve is closed, and the diameter at the time of no discharge is closely related to the fluidity of the powder.

When it is stopped, the powder or granules in the container 1 are bridged or formed in the container wall of the container 1 and the rotating member 3, and between the rotating member 3 and the bottom of the container 1 or the like. The granules are stationary due to the corners. When the rotating member 3 rotates, the rod member 4 and the scraper member 7 connected to the rotating member 3 also rotate, thereby breaking the bridge between the vessel wall and the rotating member 3 and lowering the angle of repose of the granular material above the rotating member. Then, by moving the scraper member 7, the powder particles at the bottom of the container 1 are moved from the outer peripheral portion to the central portion, while the scraper member 7 is moved.
The tilt angle of the scraper member 7 is changed so as to balance the moments of the forces around the fulcrum axes of the drag force received by the powder granules on the fulcrum side and the drag force received on the other end side by the powder granules with respect to the powder granules. A controlled pressing force is applied and the granular material is discharged from the container outlet 2. When the powder or granules at the bottom of the container 1 are discharged, the powder or granules on the bottom of the container 1 continuously move downward, and the powder or granules are spread over the entire height and height of the container. When the layer height of the container is low, depending on the granular material, the granular material layer on the upper part of the rotating member 3 may rotate together with the rotating member. The stationary member 5 along the surface of the rotating member 3 is effective for stopping the rotation of the granular material layer and for controlling the transition point of the granular material from stationary to moving. Further, even if the fluidity greatly changes depending on the type of powder or granular material, the inclination angle of the scraper member 7 is also changed and the powder or granular material is guided to the container outlet 2 by changing the diameter of the container outlet 2 accordingly. Further, although not described in detail, a detection means for constantly detecting the load state for driving the drive shaft 8 and the flow state of the granular material is provided, and the aperture of the shutter valve 11 or the drive shaft 8 is detected by the detection signal from the detection means. Correcting the state of rotation of various powders
Be able to adapt to any situation.

[0009]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The discharging apparatus for powder and granular material of the present invention can be applied to many powder and granular materials such as coarse particles in addition to fine powder, and can discharge the powder and granular materials to the end without causing cross-linking. Since the scraper member automatically adjusts the tilt angle by the drag force from the powder or granular material, stable quantitativeness can be maintained. In particular, even if the fluidity greatly changes depending on the type of powder or granules, the inclination angle of the scraper member 7 can be changed and changed to guide the powder or granules to the container outlet by changing the diameter of the container outlet accordingly. Further, since the structure is simple, if the member is made of a heat resistant material, high temperature powder or granules can be processed. Furthermore, since the upper part of the container is opened and discharged uniformly over the entire surface of the container, it is also effective for the solid-gas reaction layer in addition to silos and storage tanks. The power is small and the generated sound is also small. The volume ratio can be increased by making the bottom of the container flat. The flexible shaft joint in the middle of the drive shaft is effective as a measure for preventing overload and damage because the drive shaft itself above the shaft joint can escape even if there is biting of coarse particles or the like. Further, by applying feedback from a detecting means for detecting the fluidity of the granular material, the diameter and the rotating state of the shutter valve can be changed to be applied to various kinds of granular material.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of a powder / particle discharging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a main part of a powdery or granular material discharging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram in which a moment of a force that a scraper member receives from a powder or granular material in a powder or granular material discharging device according to an embodiment of the present invention is drawn as a model.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a scraper member in the powder and granular material discharging device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a scraper member in the powder and granular material discharging device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a shutter valve in the powder / granule discharging device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing an embodiment of a flexible shaft coupling in the powdery or granular material discharging device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Container, 2 ... Container outlet, 3 ... Rotating member, 4 ... Rod member, 5 ... Stationary member, 6 ... Support shaft, 7 ... Scraper member, 8 ... Drive shaft, 9 ... Adhesion prevention material, 10 ... Discharge port, 11 ... Shutter valve, 12 ... Flexible shaft coupling

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A rotating member (3) having a container outlet (2) near the center of the bottom of the container (1) and having a convex surface with a central portion protruding above the container outlet and a vertical drive shaft (8). In the discharging apparatus for powder and granules, a fulcrum shaft (6) is arranged at each tip of a plurality of rod members (4) extended from the rotary member (3) to the vicinity of the inner wall of the container, and each fulcrum shaft (6) is arranged. One end of the scraper member (7) is rotatably supported on (6) so that the other end is rotatable in a plane parallel to the bottom surface,
Forces around the fulcrum shafts due to the opposite drag forces received from the granular material on the front surface from the fulcrum shaft (6) to the container outlet (2) and the rear surface of the other end with respect to the traveling direction of each scraper member (7). Has a predetermined length and shape of the scraper member (7) in which the tilt angle of the scraper member is determined by the balance of the moments of the powder particles, and the powder particles are applied with a controlled pressing force to the container particles outlet. A discharging device for powdery or granular material, characterized in that it is configured to discharge from (2). 2. The discharging apparatus for powder and granules according to claim 1,
The container (1) is provided with a shutter valve (11) for changing the diameter of the container outlet (2), and the scraper member (7) follows the change of the diameter of the container outlet to change the inclination angle and thereby the granular material. A discharge device for powder and granular material, characterized in that it can discharge continuously. 3. The powder / particle discharge device according to claim 1, wherein a flexible shaft coupling is interposed in the drive shaft (8). apparatus. 4. The discharging apparatus for powder or granular material according to claim 2, further comprising a detection unit for detecting a flow state of the powder or granular material, and the shutter valve (11) according to a detection signal from the detection unit. A discharge device for powder and granules, which corrects the diameter of the shaft or the state of rotation of the drive shaft (8).