JP2020041406A - Water stop device and water stop method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a water stop technique capable of stopping water from flooding in a short time with less influence on the flooding spot than conventional ones.SOLUTION: A water stop device comprises a pipe line in which a cryogenic cooling medium supplied from a feed section for supplying the cryogenic cooling medium flows, and a plate-shaped heat exchange section to be attached to a flooding spot, after the pipe line is connected thereto.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a water stopping device and a water stopping method.

  As an example of the freezing method, for example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a technique in which a freezing tube is arranged at a cooling location, a refrigerant (for example, liquid nitrogen) is caused to flow in the freezing tube, and the region where the freezing tube is arranged is frozen. I have.

JP 2017-166210A

  In the construction of underground structures, the application of the freezing method is increasing. In particular, with the increase in the depth and scale of construction work, conventional ground improvement is not sufficient for high pressure, so the application of the freezing method has increased in place of the conventional ground improvement. are doing. On the other hand, on the site where the freezing method is adopted, a gap is formed between the structure and the artificial freezing ground by the freezing method due to the displacement of the structure, and there is a concern that this gap may serve as water supply and drain water. ing. In the event of a flood, emergency measures were taken to stop the water by temporarily closing the water outlet (flood point) and wait for the separated parts of the frozen soil and the structure to be repaired.

  In addition, when the pressure is applied up to a depth of about 50 m, there is a possibility that conventional emergency stoppage of water can be handled. However, in the conventional emergency water stoppage, it was necessary to suspend construction and cure until the frozen soil was restored. In addition, at a site at a large depth (50 m or more) where demand is expected to increase in the future, in addition to interrupting the construction, there is a concern that conventional emergency stoppage of water cannot cope with the high pressure. If a new water stoppage technology can be developed for flooding of artificial frozen ground at high depths under high pressure, the developed new water stoppage technology can be used not only for artificial frozen ground but also for various flood control measures. Can be expected.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a new water stopping technology that has less influence on a water discharge point than before and that can stop water discharge in a short time.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the present invention, water is frozen and water is stopped using a water stop device in which a cryogenic cooling medium flows to a water discharge location.

  In detail, the present invention includes a pipe through which a cryogenic cooling medium supplied from a supply section that supplies a cryogenic cooling medium, a pipe-shaped heat exchange section to which the pipe is connected, and which is attached to a water discharge point. It is a water stop device provided.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the water stopping apparatus which concerns on this invention, it can freeze out water and stop water by the cold heat of a cryogenic cooling medium. Since a water stopping agent is not used, it is possible to stop the water while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point. Further, by using the cold heat of the cryogenic cooling medium, the water can be stopped in a short time. By providing the plate-shaped heat exchange part, it is possible to stop water in a short time over a wide area at the water discharge point.

  The cryogenic cooling medium can be liquid air. Liquid air (also referred to as liquefied air) is obtained by liquefying air, and has a boiling point under normal pressure of about -190 ° C. By using the liquid air, the liquid air used in the water stopping device can be discharged. As the cryogenic cooling medium, for example, liquid nitrogen (the boiling point under normal pressure is about -196 ° C) can be used. In the case of using liquid nitrogen, there is a concern that the oxygen in the site may become insufficient when discharged into the site (especially a site such as a tunnel where the flow of air is small and ventilation is required). In contrast, when liquid air is used, oxygen deficiency can be reduced as compared with the case where liquid nitrogen is used. The attachment can be performed by freezing the water at the place to be attached by the action of cold and heat. Therefore, an adhesive member or the like is unnecessary.

  Here, the water stopping device according to the present invention may further include a supply unit that supplies the cryogenic cooling medium, and a supply pipe that sends the cryogenic cooling medium supplied from the supply unit to the piping.

  This enables the supply of the cryogenic cooling medium. In addition, the water stopping device according to the present invention may have a configuration in which a plurality of plate-shaped heat exchange units connected to the pipes are provided, and a connection unit connecting the plate-shaped heat exchange units connected to the pipes is further provided. Providing the connection portion enables connection between the plate-shaped heat exchange portions to which the pipes are connected, and enables appropriate water stoppage according to the range of the water discharge point.

  In addition, the water stopping device according to the present invention may be configured to further include a heat transfer unit that transfers cold heat of the pipe to the plate-shaped heat exchange unit. By providing the heat transfer section, the cold heat of the cryogenic cooling medium flowing through the pipe can be efficiently transferred to the plate-shaped heat exchange section.

  In addition, the water stopping device according to the present invention may further include a heat insulating unit that covers the pipe and the plate-shaped heat exchange unit. By providing the heat insulating portion, heat radiation can be suppressed, and the cold heat of the cryogenic cooling medium flowing through the pipe can be efficiently transmitted to the plate-shaped heat exchange portion.

  Further, the present invention is a freezing tube through which a cryogenic cooling medium supplied from a supply unit for supplying a cryogenic cooling medium flows, and a rod-shaped freezing tube inserted into a water discharge point; The water stopping device may have a going channel passing through the center portion and a return channel passing around the going channel.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the water stopping apparatus which concerns on this invention, it can freeze out water and stop water by the cold heat of a cryogenic cooling medium. Since a water stopping agent is not used, it is possible to stop the water while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point. Further, by using the cold heat of the cryogenic cooling medium, the water can be stopped in a short time. By providing a rod-shaped freezing tube, it is possible to locally stop water at a water discharge point in a short time. In addition, by making the freezing tube a double pipe structure with a going channel passing through the center of the freezing tube and a return channel passing around the going channel, cryogenic cooling at a uniform temperature up to the tip of the freezing tube The medium can flow. As a result, it is possible to uniformly freeze the water outlet where the freezing tube is inserted.

  The cryogenic cooling medium can be liquid air as in the case of the water shutoff device having a plate-shaped heat exchange unit. Further, the cryogenic cooling medium may be liquid nitrogen.

  Further, the water stop device according to the present invention, like the water stop device including the plate-shaped heat exchange unit, supplies a cryogenic cooling medium to the supply unit, and sends the cryogenic cooling medium supplied from the supply unit to the pipe. And a supply pipe. Further, similarly to the water stopping device including the plate-shaped heat exchange unit, a configuration may be adopted in which a plurality of freezing tubes are provided and a connecting unit for connecting the freezing tubes is further provided. Furthermore, you may make it connect a plate-shaped heat exchange part and a freezing tube using a connection part. The water can be more reliably stopped by appropriately combining the plate-shaped heat exchange section and the freezing tube according to the state of water discharge.

  Here, the present invention may be specified as a water stopping method. For example, the present invention relates to a water stopping method in which a water stopping device is attached to a water discharge point to stop water, and the water stopping device includes a pipe through which a cryogenic cooling medium supplied from a supply unit that supplies the cryogenic cooling medium flows. And a plate-shaped heat exchange unit to which a pipe is connected and which is attached to a water discharge point. Further, the present invention is a water stopping method for injecting a water stopping device into a water discharge point to stop water, wherein the water stopping device allows a cryogenic cooling medium supplied from a supply unit that supplies a cryogenic cooling medium to flow. A freezing tube, comprising a rod-shaped freezing tube inserted into a water discharge point, wherein the freezing tube has a going channel passing through the center and a return channel passing around the going channel. It may be a method.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the water stopping method which concerns on this invention, water can be frozen and stopped by cold heat of a cryogenic cooling medium. Since a water stopping agent is not used, it is possible to stop the water while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point. Further, by using the cold heat of the cryogenic cooling medium, the water can be stopped in a short time.

  Here, it may be difficult to freeze the ground at a flood location, in other words, at a location where water moves. Therefore, in such a case, the water stopping device and the water stopping method described below may be used together with the water stopping device and the water stopping method described above.

  Specifically, the present invention is a water stop device that covers a water discharge point and includes a coolable storage unit that stores water discharged from the water discharge point.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the water stoppage device which concerns on this invention, it becomes possible to exchange heat by controlling movement of water so that it may freeze easily by storing outflow. As a result, it is possible to freeze the water and stop the water even at a water discharge point where the water has motion. Since a water stopping agent is not used, it is possible to stop the water while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point.

  Further, the present invention, a cooling pipe through which a cooling medium supplied from a supply unit that supplies the cooling medium flows, and a cooling pipe is provided, which covers a water outlet, and includes a storage unit that stores water from the water outlet. It is a water stop device.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the water stopping apparatus which concerns on this invention, water can be frozen and stopped by controlling the movement of water and exchanging heat so that water may be easily stored and frozen. Since a water stopping agent is not used, it is possible to stop the water while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point.

  As the cooling medium, a cryogenic cooling medium can be used. By utilizing the cold heat of the cryogenic cooling medium, water can be stopped in a short time. The cryogenic cooling medium can be liquid air. Liquid air (also referred to as liquefied air) is obtained by liquefying air, and has a boiling point under normal pressure of about -190 ° C. By using the liquid air, the liquid air used in the water stopping device can be discharged. As the cryogenic cooling medium, for example, liquid nitrogen (the boiling point under normal pressure is about -196 ° C) can be used. In the case of using liquid nitrogen, there is a concern that the oxygen in the site may become insufficient when discharged into the site (especially a site such as a tunnel where the flow of air is small and ventilation is required). In contrast, when liquid air is used, oxygen deficiency can be reduced as compared with the case where liquid nitrogen is used.

  Here, the storage portion is provided on the plate portion having a planar shape that covers the flooding point, and provided on the outer edge of the plate portion, connected to the periphery of the flooding portion, and an enclosure that interrupts the flooding, and provided on the plate portion. And a water guiding unit for guiding the stored water to the outside.

  Water can be stored in the storage space surrounded by the surface of the flood point, the plate portion, and the enclosure. In addition, the stored water can be guided to the outside from the water guiding section, in other words, can be discharged. This makes it possible to control the amount of stored water and the flow of stored water. The pipe may be embedded inside the storage section, or may be connected to the outside of the storage section. Further, the cooling medium may be directly supplied to the water stored in the storage space.

  It is good also as a structure provided with the fixing part provided in at least any one of a plate part and an enclosure part, and fixing a storage part to a flooding point. The fixing portion may include a connection member such as a bolt or a bolt hole. Further, the fixing unit may be configured by a vacuum suction unit that suctions by using a pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and the pressure in the fixing unit. In addition, the storage section may be connected to the periphery of the water discharge point by embedding a pipe in the fixed section and freezing the water attached to the storage section by the action of the cold heat of the cooling medium flowing through the cooling pipe. .

  Here, the water guide may be arranged near the water discharge point, and may be configured to be capable of adjusting the amount of water transfer. By arranging the water introduction part near the water discharge point and adjusting the amount of water supply, the movement of the stored water discharge can be suppressed. The movement of water in the storage space can be minimized by adjusting the amount of water introduced so that the storage space is sufficiently filled with water. As a result, the water is easily frozen.

  The water stopping device according to the present invention may further include a supply unit that supplies the cooling medium, and a supply pipe that sends the cooling medium supplied from the supply unit to the pipe. Thereby, the supply of the cooling medium becomes possible.

  Here, the present invention may be specified as a water stopping method. For example, the present invention provides a specific step of specifying a flooding point, storing the water from the flooding point specified in the specific step, controlling the movement of water so as to facilitate freezing, and performing heat exchange to freeze the water. And a water stopping step of stopping the water.

  According to the water stopping method according to the present invention, it is possible to freeze out water and stop water. Since a water stopping agent is not used, it is possible to stop the water while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point.

  The water stoppage method according to the present invention may further include a preparation step of reducing the water discharge range after specifying the water discharge point in the specifying step. By performing the preparation process, the water can be stopped more reliably.

  In the water stopping step, the stored water may be guided to the outside. This makes it possible to control the amount of stored water and the flow of stored water. In the water stopping step, water may be supplied from the vicinity of the water discharge point while adjusting the amount of water supplied. Thereby, the movement of the stored water can be minimized. As a result, the water is easily frozen.

  Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a new water stopping technology that has less influence on a water discharge point than before and can stop water discharge in a short time.

FIG. 1 shows a water stop device including a panel-shaped heat exchange unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water stop device including the panel-shaped heat exchange unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 illustrates an example in which water is stopped using the water stop device including the panel-shaped heat exchange unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 shows a water stop device including a freezing tube according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a water stop device including a freezing tube according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 shows an example in which water is stopped using a water stop device provided with a freezing tube according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 shows a front view of a water stop device according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 8 shows a rear view of the water stop device according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 shows a situation of flooding from a flooding point. FIG. 10 shows a situation in which the flooding range is reduced. FIG. 11 shows a situation in which the water stop device is fixed. FIG. 12 shows a situation in which the water stop device is fixed, the outflow is stored, and the outflow is guided from the water conveyance unit. FIG. 13 shows a state in which a cooling pipe, a supply pipe, a discharge pipe, and a supply unit are installed. FIG. 14 shows a situation where a water outlet is cooled by a water stop device. FIG. 15 shows the state of the stored flood. FIG. 16 shows the removal state of the water stop device.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following description is an exemplification, and the present invention is not limited to the following content.

<First embodiment>
<Water stop device with panel-shaped heat exchange unit>
FIG. 1 shows a water stop device including a panel-shaped heat exchange unit according to the first embodiment (in FIG. 1, the heat insulating unit 7 and the grip unit 8 are omitted). FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water stop device including the panel-shaped heat exchange unit according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the water stop device 1 according to the first embodiment is also referred to as a water stop device (sticking type) 1a. The water stopping device (attachment type) 1a includes a supply unit 2, a supply pipe 3, a pipe 4, a plate-like heat exchange unit 5, a heat insulation unit 7, a heat transfer unit 8, a grip unit 9, and a connection unit 10.

  The supply unit 2 stores liquid air as a cryogenic cooling medium and supplies the stored liquid air. Liquid air (also referred to as liquefied air) is obtained by liquefying air, and has a boiling point under normal pressure of about -190 ° C. As the cryogenic cooling medium, for example, liquid nitrogen (the boiling point under normal pressure is about -196 ° C) may be used. The supply unit 2 may be configured as a separate device from the water stop device (sticking type) 1a.

  The supply pipe 3 has one end connected to the supply unit 2 and the other end connected to the pipe 4, through which liquid air flows. As the supply pipe 3, a flexible hose through which liquid air can flow can be used. It is preferable that the periphery of the supply pipe 3 is covered with a heat insulating material (for example, foamed polyethylene) so that cold heat does not escape. The supply pipe 3 may be configured as a separate device from the water stop device (insertion type) 1b.

  The liquid air supplied through the supply pipe 3 flows through the pipe 4. When the outlet of the pipe 3 communicates with the outside, the liquid air is discharged from the outlet and a part of the air is vaporized. The pipe 4 according to the first embodiment is made of a steel circular pipe, and has a zigzag shape in which a straight portion and a bent portion (U shape) are continuously connected. The pipe 4 may be made of any material that can flow liquid air and easily transmit cold heat to the plate-shaped heat exchange section 5, and is not limited to steel. The pipe 4 may be made of a metal such as stainless steel, copper, or silver. The cross-sectional shape of the pipe 4 may be a shape other than a circle, such as a rectangle or a triangle. The arrangement shape of the pipe 4 is not limited to a zigzag shape as long as it can transmit cold heat uniformly to the plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5. The pipe 4 may be provided with a branch part and a plurality of parallel small pipes connected to the branch part. Further, the pipe 4 may have a spiral shape. Further, the pipe 4 may be a thin surface disposed over the entire surface of one surface of the plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5. A discharge pipe for discharging liquid air may be connected to the outlet, and the liquid air may be discharged via the discharge pipe.

  The plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5 is connected to the pipe 4 and is attached to a water discharge location. The plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5 according to the first embodiment is formed of a rectangular steel plate member. The plate-shaped heat exchanging section 5 may be made of any material that can easily transmit cold heat to the water outlet, and is not limited to steel. The plate-like heat exchange section 5 may be made of a metal such as stainless steel, copper, or silver. Further, the shape of the plate-shaped heat exchange section 5 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be a circular shape or the like. Further, the plate-shaped heat exchange section 5 may be curved, for example, in accordance with the shape of the attaching portion.

  The heat insulating part 7 covers the pipe 4 and the plate-shaped heat exchange part 5. The heat insulating section 7 can be made of, for example, foamed polyethylene.

  The heat transfer unit 8 transfers the cold heat of the pipe 4 to the plate-like heat exchange unit 5. The heat transfer section 8 can be formed according to the shape of the pipe 4. When the cross-sectional shape of the pipe 4 is circular, the connection with the pipe 4 may be curved in accordance with the outer shape of the pipe, and the connection with the plate-shaped heat exchange section 5 may be flat. The heat transfer section 8 may be omitted to provide a simpler configuration.

  The gripper 9 functions as a handle when attaching the plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5 to a flood location. The gripper 9 may be omitted to provide a simpler configuration.

  When there are a plurality of plate-shaped heat exchange units 5 to which the pipes 4 are connected, the connection unit 10 connects the plate-shaped heat exchange units 5 to which the pipes 4 are connected. As the connection unit 10, for example, a flexible hose through which liquid air can flow can be used. The connection part 10 is preferably covered with a heat insulating material (for example, foamed polyethylene) so that cold heat does not escape. The connection unit 10 may be configured by a joint member.

<Water stop method using a water stop device having a panel-shaped heat exchange unit>
FIG. 3 illustrates an example in which water is stopped using the water stop device including the panel-shaped heat exchange unit according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, as an example of the water stopping method, water stopping in a tunnel T constructed in the ground G at a large depth will be described. An artificial frozen ground FG (also referred to as frozen ground) is formed around the segment S constituting the tunnel T by a freezing method. When the segment S, which is a structure, is displaced due to vibration, earthquake, or the like due to construction, a gap may be formed between the segment S and the artificially frozen ground FG by the freezing method, and the gap serves as a tap to discharge water. .

  In the water stopping method according to the first embodiment, the water is stopped by attaching the plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5 to the water discharge location, that is, the inner surface of the segment S. The attachment can be performed by freezing the water at the place to be attached by the action of cold and heat.

<Effect>
According to the water stopping device 1a and the water stopping method according to the first embodiment, the cold water of the liquid air that is the cryogenic cooling medium freezes the water to stop the water. Since the water stopping agent is not used, the water can be stopped while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point (artificial frozen ground FG). In addition, water can be stopped in a short time by using the cold heat of the liquid air. Water can be stopped in a short time, and furthermore, a gap formed between the structure that causes water discharge and the artificially frozen ground by the freezing method can be closed (in other words, the separated state can be recovered). Water can be stopped even in the case of high pressure as in the case of a site at depth. Therefore, interruption of construction can be minimized. Further, by using the liquid air, even when the liquid air is discharged, for example, the oxygen deficiency at the site can be reduced as compared with the case where the liquid nitrogen is used. Further, by attaching the plate-shaped heat exchange section 5 to the water discharge location, the water discharge location can be stopped in a short time over a wide range. The attachment can be performed by freezing the water at the place to be attached by the action of cold and heat. Therefore, an adhesive member or the like is unnecessary.

  Further, the provision of the heat transfer section 8 allows the cold heat of the liquid air flowing through the pipe 4 to be efficiently transmitted to the plate-shaped heat exchange section 5. In addition, the provision of the heat insulating portion 7 can suppress heat radiation and efficiently transmit the cold of the liquid air flowing through the pipe 4 to the plate-shaped heat exchange portion 5. In addition, the provision of the connection portion 10 enables connection between the plate-shaped heat exchange portions 5 to which the pipes 4 are connected, and enables appropriate water stoppage according to the range of the water discharge location.

<Second embodiment>
<Water stop device with freezing tube>
FIG. 4 shows a water stop device including a freezing tube according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a water stop device including a freezing tube according to the second embodiment. Hereinafter, the water stop device 1 according to the second embodiment is also referred to as a water stop device (insertion type) 1b. The water stop device (insertion type) 1b includes a supply unit 2, a supply pipe 3, a freezing pipe 6, a connection unit 10, and a discharge pipe 31.

  The supply unit 2 stores liquid air as a cryogenic cooling medium and supplies the stored liquid air, as in the first embodiment. As the cryogenic cooling medium, for example, liquid nitrogen (the boiling point under normal pressure is about -196 ° C) may be used. The supply unit 2 may be configured as a device different from the water stop device (insertion type) 1b.

  One end of the supply pipe 3 is connected to the supply unit 2, the other end is connected to the freezing pipe 6, and liquid air flows inside. As in the first embodiment, a flexible hose through which liquid air can flow can be used for the supply pipe 3. It is preferable that the periphery of the supply pipe 3 is covered with a heat insulating material (for example, foamed polyethylene) so that cold heat does not escape. The supply pipe 3 may be configured as a separate device from the water stop device (insertion type) 1b.

  The freezing tube 6 is inserted into the water outlet, and the liquid air supplied from the supply unit 2 flows. The freezing pipe 6 according to the first embodiment is a double pipe made of a steel circular pipe and having a going channel 61 passing through the center of the freezing tube 6 and a return channel 62 passing around the going channel 61. It is configured. The material of the freezing tube 6 is not limited to steel, as long as it can flow liquid air and easily transmit cold to the plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5. The freezing tube 6 may be a metal such as stainless steel, copper, or silver. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the freezing tube 6 may be a shape other than a circle, such as a rectangle or a triangle.

  When there are a plurality of freezing tubes 6, the connection unit 10 connects the freezing tubes 6 to each other. As the connection unit 10, for example, a flexible hose through which liquid air can flow can be used. The connection part 10 is preferably covered with a heat insulating material (for example, foamed polyethylene) so that cold heat does not escape. The connection unit 10 may be configured by a joint member.

  One end of the discharge pipe 31 is connected to the freezing pipe 6, the other end is opened, and liquid air flows through the inside to discharge the liquid air. As the discharge pipe 31, a flexible hose through which liquid air can flow can be used. The discharge pipe 31 may be configured as a device different from the water stop device (insertion type) 1b.

<Water stop method using a water stop device equipped with a freezing tube>
FIG. 6 shows an example in which water is stopped using a water stop device provided with a freezing tube according to the second embodiment. As in the first embodiment, as an example of the water stopping method, water stopping in a tunnel T constructed in the ground G will be described. As in the first embodiment, an artificial frozen ground FG (also referred to as frozen ground) is formed around the segment S constituting the tunnel T by a freezing method. When the segment S, which is a structure, is displaced due to vibration, earthquake, or the like due to construction, a gap may be formed between the segment S and the artificially frozen ground FG by the freezing method, and the gap serves as a tap to discharge water. . In the water stopping method according to the second embodiment, a hole for inserting the freezing tube 6 is drilled at a water discharge point, and the freezing tube 6 is inserted into the drilled hole to stop water.

<Effect>
According to the water stopping device 1b and the water stopping method according to the second embodiment, it is possible to freeze the water and stop the water by the cold heat of the liquid air that is the cryogenic cooling medium. Since no water stopping agent is used, it is possible to stop water while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point. In addition, by using the cold heat of the liquid air, the water can be stopped in a short time. In addition, by using liquid air, for example, oxygen deficiency at the site can be reduced as compared with the case where liquid nitrogen is used. Further, by inserting the freezing tube 6 into the water discharge point, the water discharge point can be locally stopped in a short time.

  Further, by forming the freezing tube 6 into a double pipe structure having a going channel 61 passing through the center of the freezing tube 6 and a return channel 62 passing around the going channel 61, the freezing tube 6 is evenly extended to the tip of the freezing tube 6. Liquid air at an appropriate temperature can flow. As a result, the water outlet where the freezing tube 6 is inserted can be uniformly frozen.

<Third embodiment>
The plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5 and the freezing tube 6 may be connected using the connection unit 10. By appropriately combining the plate-shaped heat exchange unit 5 and the freezing tube 6 according to the state of water discharge, water can be more reliably stopped.

<Fourth embodiment>
<Structure of water stop device>
FIG. 7 shows a front view of a water stop device according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 8 shows a rear view of the water stop device according to the fourth embodiment. The water stopping device (storage type) 100 includes a supply unit 2, a supply pipe 3, a cooling pipe 101, and a storage unit 102. The storage unit 102 includes a plate unit 103, a surrounding unit 104, a water guiding unit 105, and a fixing unit 106. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the cooling pipe 101 and the storage section 102 are enlarged (emphasized) as compared with the supply section 2 and the supply pipe 3.

  The supply unit 2 stores liquid air as a cooling medium and supplies the stored liquid air. As the cooling medium, for example, liquid nitrogen (the boiling point under normal pressure is about −196 ° C.) may be used. Further, as the cooling medium, brine having a higher temperature than liquid air or liquid nitrogen (for example, an aqueous solution of calcium chloride at about −30 ° C.) may be used. Note that the supply unit 2 may be configured as a device different from the water stop device (storage type) 100.

  The supply pipe 3 has one end connected to the supply unit 2, the other end connected to the inlet side of the cooling pipe 101, and liquid air flowing inside. As the supply pipe 3, a flexible hose through which liquid air can flow can be used. It is preferable that the periphery of the supply pipe 3 is covered with a heat insulating material (for example, foamed polyethylene) so that cold heat does not escape. The supply pipe 3 may be configured as a device different from the water stop device (storage type) 100. In the fourth embodiment, a discharge pipe 31 composed of a flexible hose, like the supply pipe 3, is connected to the outlet side of the cooling pipe 101, so that the liquid air after heat exchange can be discharged. When a reusable cooling medium is used, the supply pipe 3 may be connected to the supply section 2 and the cooling pipe 101 so that the cooling medium can circulate between the supply section 2 and the cooling pipe 101.

  The storage unit 102 covers the water outlet and stores the water from the water outlet. The storage unit 102 includes a plate unit 103, a surrounding unit 104, a water guiding unit 105, and a fixing unit 106. The plate portion 103 is formed of a plate-shaped steel member and covers a water discharge location. The plate portion 103 according to the embodiment has a rectangular shape. The enclosure 104 is connected to the periphery of the water discharge point and blocks water discharge. The surrounding portion 104 is formed of a rod-shaped steel member, and is provided inside the outer edge of the plate portion 103 so as to protrude from the back surface of the plate portion 103. Further, the surrounding portion 104 is provided with a water-stop rubber 104a as a water leakage suppressing portion for suppressing leakage of water at a connection surface with a water discharge point. In the fourth embodiment, when the storage unit 102 is installed on a vertical wall, the enclosing unit 104 is provided so that the upper part is open. Water is stored in the surface of the water discharge point and in a storage space 107 surrounded by the plate portion 103 and the surrounding portion 104. The water guide section 105 is formed of a through hole provided near the center of the plate section 103, and guides the stored water to the outside. Further, the water guide section 105 is provided with a valve 105a for adjusting the amount of water to be guided. The fixing unit 106 fixes the storage unit 102 at a flood location. The fixing portion 106 is configured to include a plurality of bolt holes 106a formed at intervals on an outer edge portion of the plate portion 103 and bolts 106b fixed to the bolt holes 106a. The fixing unit 106 may be configured as a vacuum suction unit that suctions using a pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and the pressure in the fixing unit 106. The plate portion 103 and the enclosing portion 104 may be made of metal such as stainless steel, copper, and silver. Further, the shapes of the plate portion 103 and the surrounding portion 104 are not limited to the above. For example, assuming that the storage unit 102 is connected to the ceiling or the floor, the enclosing unit 104 may be provided so as to go around the inside of the outer edge of the plate unit 103 without partially opening it.

  In addition, the water stopping device (storage type) 100 may be configured to further include a heat insulating unit (not shown) for the storage unit that covers the storage unit 102. The heat insulating section for the storage section covers the plate section 103 and the surrounding section 104. The heat insulation part for a storage part can be made of foamed polyethylene, for example. With the configuration including the heat insulating section for the storage section, heat exchange, that is, cooling can be performed efficiently.

  The cooling pipe 101 is provided in the storage space 107 and cools the stored water. Liquid air supplied through the supply pipe 3 flows through the cooling pipe 101. The liquid air is discharged through a discharge pipe 31 connected to the outlet side of the cooling pipe 101, and a part of the liquid air is vaporized. The cooling pipe 101 according to the embodiment is a steel pipe having a circular cross section, and is formed in a zigzag shape in which a straight portion and a bent portion (U-shaped) are continuously connected. The cooling pipe 101 may be made of any material through which liquid air can flow, and is not limited to steel. The cooling pipe 101 may be made of a metal such as stainless steel, copper, or silver. The cross-sectional shape of the cooling pipe 101 may be a shape other than a circle, such as a rectangle or a triangle. Further, the shape of the cooling pipe 101 is not limited to a zigzag shape, as long as it can uniformly transmit cold heat to the stored water. The cooling pipe 101 may include a branch portion and a plurality of parallel small pipes connected to the branch portion. Further, the cooling pipe 101 may have a spiral shape. Further, the cooling pipe 101 may have a thin surface shape.

  The storage unit 102 may be configured to further include a holding unit that functions as a handle when the storage unit 102 is connected to a flood point. With the configuration including the grip portion, work efficiency can be improved.

<How to stop water>
FIG. 9 to FIG. 16 show diagrams for explaining the water stopping method. Hereinafter, as an example of a water stopping method, a case in which water is stopped in a tunnel constructed in a deep ground by the water stopping device (storage type) 100 will be described.

  FIG. 9 shows a situation of flooding from a flooding point. In step 01, a flood location is specified (an example of a specifying process of the present invention). In FIG. 9, a gap between the segments S of the tunnel (a gap extending in the vertical direction) is a flood spot, and is specified as a flood spot.

  FIG. 10 shows a situation in which the flooding range is reduced. In step 02, the water discharge range is reduced (an example of the preparation process of the present invention). More specifically, the area of flooding is reduced by filling the area of flooding with stuffing 110 such as a waste cloth.

  FIG. 11 shows a situation in which the water stop device is fixed. In step 03, the storage unit 102 of the water stop device (storage type) 100 is connected so as to cover the water outlet. Specifically, the connection location of the storage section 102 is positioned so that the water discharge point and the water guide section 105 coincide with each other. ) Is formed, and the storage part 102 is connected to the water discharge point by the bolt 106b. Step 07 described later from step 03 is an example of the water stopping process of the present invention.

  FIG. 12 shows a situation in which the water stop device is fixed, the outflow is stored, and the outflow is guided from the water conveyance unit. In step 04, the water is stored, and the water is guided (discharged to the outside) from the water guiding unit 105.

  FIG. 13 shows a state in which a cooling pipe, a supply pipe, a discharge pipe, and a supply unit are installed. In step 05, the cooling pipe 101, the supply pipe 3, the discharge pipe 31, and the supply unit 2 are installed. Specifically, the supply pipe 3 connected to the supply unit 2 is connected to the cooling pipe 101, and the cooling pipe 101 is disposed in the storage space 107. Note that the cooling pipe 101 may be fixed to the storage unit 102 in advance.

  FIG. 14 shows a situation where a water outlet is cooled by a water stop device. In step 06, the water discharge point is cooled by the water stop device (reservoir type) 100, and the water is stopped. Specifically, the supply of the cooling medium from the supply unit 2 is started. On the other hand, the amount of water introduced is adjusted by the valve 105a of the water introduction unit 105 so that the water stored in the storage space 107 does not overflow from the upper part of the storage unit 102. FIG. 15 is a view of the storage unit 102 viewed from the back side, and shows a state of stored water discharge. As shown in FIG. 15, water is stored in the storage space 107, and the amount of water guided is adjusted so that the stored water does not overflow from the upper open portion of the storage unit 102 where the enclosure 104 is not provided. Is done.

  FIG. 16 shows the removal state of the water stop device. In step 07, the water stop device (storage type) 100 is removed. Specifically, the stored water is checked from the open part on the upper part of the storage part 102 where the enclosure 104 is not provided, and when the stored water is confirmed to be frozen, the valve 105a is closed and the water stop device is stopped. (Reservoir type) 100 is removed. The frozen stored water is removed together with the storage unit 102, but the water is stopped because the water discharge point is frozen. Thereafter, if necessary, the existing water stopping method may be used to more reliably stop the water at the water discharge point.

<Effect>
According to the water stopping device (storage type) 100 and the water stopping method according to the fourth embodiment described above, by storing the outflow, it is possible to exchange heat by controlling the movement of water so that the water is easily frozen. It becomes possible. More specifically, the storage unit 102 is connected to the water discharge point so as to cover the water discharge point so that the water supply part 105 and the water discharge point coincide with each other. By adjusting the amount of water guided from the part 105 by the valve 105a, the movement of water in the storage space 107 can be minimized. As a result, the water is easily frozen at the water discharge point where the water has motion. In addition, since no water-stopping agent is used, it is possible to stop the water while suppressing the influence on the water discharge point.

  In addition, by using liquid air, which is a cryogenic cooling medium, as a cooling medium, it is possible to freeze out water and stop water in a shorter time than in the case of using brine having a higher temperature than liquid air. By stopping water in a short time, interruption of construction can be minimized. Further, by using liquid air, even when liquid air is discharged, for example, oxygen deficiency at the site can be reduced as compared with the case where liquid nitrogen is used.

  Further, for example, in the fourth embodiment, the cooling pipe 101 may be embedded in the plate portion 103 or the enclosure 104. In this case, the storage unit 102 is connected around the water discharge point by freezing the water attached to the fixed unit 106 by the action of the cold of the cooling medium flowing through the cooling pipe 101 embedded in the fixed unit 106. Can be.

  In the fourth embodiment, the cooling pipe 101 may be connected to the outside of the plate 103. Further, the liquid nitrogen of the cooling medium may be directly supplied to the stored water.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the water stopping device and the water stopping method according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described contents. Changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, as an example of the underground structure, water stoppage from the gap between the segment S of the tunnel T and the artificial frozen ground FG has been described as an example, but the water stoppage device and the water stoppage method according to the present invention are various. It can be used for flood control measures for underground structures. Further, the water stopping device and the water stopping method according to the present invention can be suitably used as an emergency measure for water discharge, in other words, as a backup tool, but can be utilized for water discharge measures for various underground structures. The underground structure includes an underground structure (underground structure) such as a tunnel, a common ditch, an underground parking lot, an underground station building, and a shaft.

1 ... water stop device 1a ... water stop device (paste type)
1b Water stop device (insertion type)
2 ... supply part 3 ... supply pipe 4 ... pipe 5 ... plate-shaped heat exchange part 6 ... freezing pipe 61 ... going channel 62 ... return channel 7 ...・ Heat insulation part 8 ・ ・ ・ Heat transfer part 9 ・ ・ ・ Grip part 10 ・ ・ ・ Connection part 100 ・ ・ ・ Water stop device (reservoir type)
101: cooling pipe 102: storage unit 103: plate unit 104: enclosure unit 105: water guide unit 106: fixed unit

Claims (6)

A pipe through which a cryogenic cooling medium supplied from a supply unit for supplying the cryogenic cooling medium flows,
A plate-shaped heat exchange unit to which a pipe is connected and which is attached to a water discharge point.   The water stop device according to claim 1, wherein the cryogenic cooling medium is liquid air. A supply unit for supplying a cryogenic cooling medium,
A supply pipe for sending a cryogenic cooling medium supplied from a supply section to the pipe,
The water stopping device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:   The water stop device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a heat transfer unit that transfers cold heat of the pipe to the plate-shaped heat exchange unit.   The water stopping device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a heat insulating portion that covers the pipe and the plate-shaped heat exchange portion. A water stopping method in which a water stopping device is attached to a flood point to stop water,
The water stop device is
A pipe through which a cryogenic cooling medium supplied from a supply unit for supplying the cryogenic cooling medium flows,
A water exchange method, comprising: a plate-shaped heat exchange section to which a pipe is connected and which is attached to an outflow point.