JP2020033833A - Road surface material having positional information, pavement using the road surface material, method for manufacturing the pavement, and positional information system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pavement road surface material having information transmission means capable of transmitting positional information and being available as a landmark by acquiring the positional information, and a pavement using the pavement road surface material.SOLUTION: A pavement road surface material 1 has: information transmission means 2 having positional information and capable of transmitting the positional information; and a covering aggregate 3 for covering the surface of the information transmission means 2 with surface dry density of 1.5 to 4.5 g/cm, water absorption of 4.0% or less, particle size of 0.1 to 10 mm, and abrasion loss specified by JIS A 1121 of 30% or less. The pavement provided with the pavement road surface material 1 is also applicable to automatic driving of a vehicle using information of the information transmission means 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a road surface material having position information, a pavement using the road surface material, a method for manufacturing the pavement, and a position information system using the road surface material having the above-described position information.

  When a vehicle running on a road acquires position information, it is generally performed by using satellite radio waves or reading position information of a recording medium installed at a gate. However, obtaining such position information has the following problems.

  Issues regarding the obtained position information include (1) position accuracy, (2) certainty of the information acquisition route, (3) accuracy of the position attached information, and (4) traveling trajectory (traveling direction violation such as reverse running). Problems to be detected in the installation of the equipment for obtaining the position information include (5) the complexity of a device for communicating information with the sky, the upper side or the side surface, and a shortage of a gate installation place.

  In other words, (1) errors in latitude and longitude information may occur, and (2) communication reliability is not perfect due to shields such as tunnels, viaducts, street trees, high-rise buildings, rain clouds, snow, and other nearby vehicles. Also, it is difficult to recognize the position of the upper and lower steps such as an elevated road. Also, (3) even if the position information of the latitude and longitude is obtained, it is not always possible to accurately obtain the road surface information as the additional information at the position (the traveling lane lane information (the right-turn-only lane, one-way Etc.), new or temporary intersections / stop lines, lane divisions are often changed, but the update of map information, which is generally used as a means of obtaining location attached information from location information, cannot keep up There is a risk that available location-related information may become obsolete. (4) In addition to obsolete map information, highway entrances and exits where reversing is a social problem may be misunderstood, as well as misrecognition of upper and lower elevated roads. (5) Since a long communication distance is required, inexpensive communication means cannot be used, and a system in which a gate is provided for communication (such as an ETC system) requires a gate. Or costing the location and equipment, there is a problem and the like.

  In such a situation, various studies have been made on the method of setting and transmitting the position information, and for example, a method in which an RFID passive tag is provided inside a car stop block of a parking lot (for example, Patent Document 1) RFID tag on the road surface, a reader mounted on the vehicle side to provide speed limit control information (for example, see Patent Document 2), a magnetic marker installed on the road surface, and the A device that provides information (for example, see Patent Document 3) is known.

JP-A-2017-171214 JP 2005-194451 A International Publication No. WO 2017/217423

  However, when installed in a car stop block in a parking lot, stable installation is possible because it does not receive the external force of the traveling vehicle, but position information cannot be obtained during traveling on the road because it is not installed on the traveling road surface .

  In addition, Patent Document 2 describes installation on a road surface, but does not specifically describe how to install it. Further, in Patent Document 3, it is assumed that the magnetic marker is installed on the road surface, and a hole is formed in the road surface to embed the board-shaped member. However, the driving safety is not considered and the reality is not considered. There is no. As a modification of the installation method, in the case of a sheet-like member, it is also mentioned that it is glued to the road surface or driven with a pin, but the specific structure is not shown, and how this can be installed Is not specified.

  When installing an RFID tag or the like on a traveling road surface, since ensuring the traveling safety of the road surface is the highest priority, a structure that does not ensure the traveling safety performance even for the purpose of providing identification information is installed on the road surface. It is difficult. Examples of things that can be safely installed on the road surface include road marking materials and non-slip pavement.More specifically, when considering installation on a running road surface, the strength, slip resistance, and durability of the road surface material are considered. It is necessary to ensure the nature and the like.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a pavement road surface material that has information transmitting means capable of transmitting position information and can be used as a landmark by acquiring the position information, and a pavement using the pavement road surface material. The purpose is to:

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a position information system capable of receiving position information transmitted by an information transmitting unit of the pavement by an information receiving unit attached to a vehicle, and acquiring and using the position information. .

The pavement road surface material of the present invention has position information, an information transmitting means capable of transmitting the position information, and a covering aggregate for covering the surface of the information transmitting means and imparting a non-slip action to the pavement. , Is characterized by having. The coating aggregate has a surface dry density of 1.5 to 4.5 g / cm ³ , a water absorption of 4.0% or less, a particle size of 0.1 to 10 mm, and a grinding edge specified by JIS A 1121. Preferably, the coating aggregate has a weight loss of 30% or less.

  The pavement of the present invention is a pavement having a base layer made of asphalt or concrete, and an aggregate layer in which the pavement road surface material and the aggregate particles of the present invention are fixed to the upper layer by a binder. Features.

  A position information system according to the present invention includes the pavement according to the present invention, and information receiving means attached to a vehicle capable of receiving information from the information transmitting means of the pavement.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the pavement road surface material of this invention, the pavement, and the manufacturing method of a pavement, the information transmission means which has a positional information can be fixed safely and reliably on a pavement, and the vehicle which runs on the pavement can be fixed. On the other hand, position information can be stably provided while ensuring traveling safety.

  According to the position information system of the present invention, there is information transmission means having position information on the pavement, and there is no obstruction when communicating with the information reception means provided on the traveling vehicle, so that information transmission and reception can be performed stably and reliably. It can be carried out. In addition, by using an information transmitting means having position information as a landmark, the present invention can be applied to automatic driving of a vehicle and the like.

It is a figure showing the schematic structure of the road surface material for pavement which is one embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which showed the schematic structure of the pavement using the pavement road surface material of FIG. It is a figure showing the schematic structure of the road surface material for pavement which is other embodiments of the present invention. It is the figure which showed the schematic structure of the pavement using the road surface material for pavement of FIG. It is a figure showing the schematic structure of the position information system which is one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for explaining operation at the time of using a plurality of pavement road surface materials in a position information system.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments.
<First embodiment>
The pavement road surface material in the first embodiment of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 1, a pavement road surface material 1 in which an information transmitting means 2 is covered with a covering aggregate 3. Hereinafter, this will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Pavement surface material]
As described above, the pavement road surface material 1 of the present embodiment includes the information transmitting means 2 and the covering aggregate 3 covering the surface of the information transmitting means 2. Hereinafter, each of these components will be described in detail. In addition, the pavement road surface material 1 of the present embodiment is formed to have the same size as the aggregate particles used when forming the pavement, and can be handled in the same manner as the aggregate particles. Is preferred. By doing so, when forming the pavement, the pavement can be manufactured by the conventional construction method simultaneously with the aggregate particles having no information transmitting means 2. The manufacture of the pavement will be described in more detail in the description of the pavement described below.

(Information transmission means)
The information transmitting means 2 used here is not particularly limited as long as it has position information and can transmit the position information. The position information transmitted at this time is, for example, information indicating a specific location represented by longitude and latitude, and additional information attached to the information indicating the location (peripheral information and road surface information (right-turn lane, one-way traffic, etc.). Lane lane information), etc., and information indicating a relative position of the plurality of information transmitting means 2 with respect to other information transmitting means 2. The position information is preferably electromagnetically recorded information, but may be a magnetic force or a specific color that can be observed and identified from the outside.

  Since the information transmitting means 2 used here is fixed on the pavement, it is possible to transmit information on the fixed place, thereby improving the convenience of the information receiving side. ,preferable.

  Examples of the information transmitting means 2 include an RFID tag, a magnet, ceramic particles having a specific color, and the like. An RFID tag is used when additional information is required. What is necessary is just to select like ceramic particles having a color.

  As the RFID tag, any of a passive type, an active type, and a semi-active type can be used. In the present embodiment, since it can be held and used for a long time after being once fixed to the pavement, it is preferably a passive type that operates permanently. However, in order to enhance the stability and reliability of information communication, a semi-active type or an active type may be used.

  In addition, examples of the RFID communication method include an electrostatic coupling method, an electromagnetic induction method, and a radio wave method. Among them, the electromagnetic induction method is preferable because it is not affected by rain, snow, ice, dust, and the like, and has high reliability in data transmission even when a non-conductor is present therebetween.

  The information transmitting means 2 of the present embodiment has a size smaller than the size of the aggregate particles, because the information transmitting means 2 is present inside the covering aggregate 3 formed in the same size as the aggregate particles. The size is, for example, about 0.1 to 10 mm on one side, preferably 0.5 to 5 mm, and more preferably 1.0 to 3.0 mm. In addition, the shape can be made into various shapes by package processing, and examples thereof include a button type, a square type, a card type, and a sheet type. In the present embodiment, the button type and the square type are preferable.

(Coating aggregate)
The covering aggregate 3 is a member that covers the surface of the information transmitting unit 2. At this time, the surface to be coated may be part or all. It is preferable to cover the entire surface because there is no portion exposed outside the information transmitting means 2. Since there is no exposed portion, the strength and safety (slip resistance and the like) are excellent, and the construction can be easily performed on the pavement without worrying about the direction.

  The coating aggregate 3 may be made of the same material as a known non-slip pavement aggregate particle, and preferably has the following characteristics.

The covering aggregate 3 has the same physical properties as the aggregate particles having no information transmitting means, in order to exhibit the physical properties of the non-slip pavement known as the aggregate layer 12 in FIG. It is desirable. That is, the surface dry density is in the range of 1.5 to 4.5 g / cm ³ and the water absorption is 4.0% or less. Surface dry density is a value obtained by dividing the mass of aggregate in the surface dry and saturated state by the absolute volume of the aggregate.Water absorption is the value of the aggregate in the process of changing from a completely dry state to a surface dry and saturated state. The value obtained by dividing the mass of absorbed water by the mass of the aggregate in the absolutely dry state is expressed as a percentage. As the measuring method, a method defined in JIS A 1109: 2006 (fine aggregate) and JIS A 1110: 2006 (coarse aggregate) is known.

The surface dry density is preferably 2.7 g / cm ³ or less, more preferably 2.25 g / cm ³ or more. By setting the surface dry density to 1.5 g / cm ³ or more, sedimentation to the binder is promoted in the pavement construction described later, and a high adhesive strength can be obtained, and 4.5 g / cm ³ or less. By doing so, it is possible to obtain appropriate slip resistance and durability as a construction body without excessive sedimentation in the binder and the surface is not covered with the binder film.

  Further, the water absorption is preferably 2.0% or less. By setting the water absorption to 4.0% or less, a binder described later can be absorbed into the aggregate and high adhesive strength can be obtained.

  In addition, this coating aggregate 3 has abrasion loss of 30% or less. This abrasion loss is specified in JIS A 1121: 2007. This abrasion loss is preferably 20% or less. By setting the abrasion loss to 30% or less, it is possible to suppress wear to vehicle traffic and obtain high durability.

  Examples of the coating aggregate 3 include a ceramic hard aggregate satisfying the above characteristics. Raw materials for obtaining the above characteristics are not particularly limited, and raw materials having low cost are desirable because they are used on roads. That is, for example, silica-alumina is sufficient if classified by minerals such as clay, feldspar, and van page, and chemical components. The above characteristics can be realized, for example, by using a clay raw material and setting the firing temperature in a range of 1100 to 1400 ° C. However, since it is used outdoors, deterioration due to rainwater is not preferred, and from this consideration, the calcium component as an impurity is preferably 3% by mass or less.

  The covering aggregate 3 may be formed by creating a fine aggregate piece and attaching it to the periphery of the information transmitting means 2 for covering, or the surrounding of the information transmitting means 2 becomes the covering aggregate 3. It may be covered with a ceramic raw material, and this may be sintered to form and cover the ceramic. At this time, the outer shape of the pavement road surface material 1 obtained by coating is preferably a shape having irregular corners.

  However, in the case of coating by sintering, since the information transmission means 2 may be heated to a high temperature by a sintering operation and may be thermally damaged, it is preferable to manufacture by attaching a fine aggregate piece. In attaching the aggregate pieces, an adhesive (including a binder described later) that can be used on a pavement road surface can be used without particular limitation.

[Pavement]
The pavement of the present embodiment has a base layer made of asphalt or concrete, and an aggregate layer in which the pavement road surface material and the aggregate particles are fixed with a binder on the base layer.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of this pavement. The pavement body 10 shown in FIG. 2 includes a base layer 11 and an aggregate layer 12 in which the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a are fixed to the upper layer of the base layer 11 with a binder 12b. . Hereinafter, each component will be described with reference to the pavement of FIG.

(Base layer)
The base layer 11 may be a known base layer in a conventional pavement, and is a base layer formed of asphalt or concrete. More specifically, examples of the base layer made of asphalt include those formed from a dense particle asphalt mixture, a fine particle asphalt mixture, a porous asphalt mixture, a modified asphalt mixture, a goose asphalt mixture, and the like. Examples of the concrete base layer include ordinary concrete, early-strength concrete, and pavement concrete. These concretes may be obtained by mixing cement, aggregate and water, and may also contain various functional substances such as admixtures.

  The base layer 11 may be formed by laminating a plurality of kinds of materials for forming the base layer. For example, various overlay structures such as a two-layer structure in which goose asphalt is formed as a lower portion of a base layer, and a modified asphalt concrete is formed thereon as an upper portion of the base layer.

  Then, on these base layers 11, an aggregate layer 12 exposed on the surface of the pavement is formed as an upper layer (surface layer).

(Aggregate layer)
The aggregate layer 12 is provided as an upper layer of the base layer 11 and as a surface layer of the pavement. The aggregate layer 12 is formed by fixing the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a to the upper surface of the base layer 11 via a resin binder 12b. The aggregate layer 12 can be easily obtained by applying the resin binder 12b to the upper surface of the base layer 11, then spraying the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a, and solidifying the resin binder 12b.

<Aggregate particles>
Here, examples of the aggregate particles 12a include, but are not particularly limited to, aggregate particles that are conventionally used when forming a non-slip pavement on a pavement. The aggregate particles 12a are preferably formed of the same material as the covering aggregate 3 of the pavement road surface material 1. That is, the aggregate particles 12a are preferably formed of a material having the same characteristics as those described for the coating aggregate 2 in terms of surface dry density, water absorption, and abrasion loss.

  The aggregate particles 12a are hard aggregate particles used for non-slip pavement, and the shape thereof is not particularly limited as long as the shape is a known shape. From the viewpoint of increasing the slip resistance value of the road surface, it is preferable that the corners are not rounded, and a shape having an irregular square shape formed by crushing is preferable. By adopting such a shape having an irregular square shape, road surface slip resistance performance can be obtained.

  The aggregate particles 12a used here preferably have a particle size of 0.1 to 10.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 5.0 mm, and still more preferably 2.0 to 3.3 mm. The particle size of the aggregate particles in the present specification refers to the size of the sieve in the sieving test method of JIS R8815.

<Resin binder>
Examples of the resin binder 12b used here include known resin binders used for fixing aggregate particles, and examples thereof include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, and a methyl methacrylate resin (MMA resin).

  In applying the resin binder 12b to the base layer 11, a primer layer may be provided in order to improve conformity with the base layer 11. As the primer layer, a known primer layer can be used, and examples thereof include urethane-modified methacrylic resins.

This resin binder 12b is a potential adhesive, has a tensile strength of 7.0 N / mm ² or more on the 7th grade measured according to JIS K 6911: 2006, and has an elongation of 20% or more. Preferably, there is.

[Production method of pavement]
The pavement 10 can be easily manufactured by a so-called neat method, and is obtained, for example, by the following operation.

  First, if necessary, a primer is applied to the surface of the base layer 11, and a resin binder 12b for fixing the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a is applied to the surface of the base layer 11. The application amount of the resin binder 12b is preferably 1.3 to 2.5 kg per square meter, and particularly preferably 1.7 to 2.0 kg per square meter. The resin binder 12b is preferably applied using a coating machine so as to have a uniform film thickness. The thickness of the resin binder 12b is preferably such that 1/2 to 1/3 of the aggregate particles 12a are buried.

  Next, the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a are sprayed on the resin binder 12b. It is preferable to spray the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a promptly after the application of the resin binder 12b. After a lapse of time, the solidification of the resin binder 12b proceeds, and the fixing force decreases. The amount of the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a to be sprayed is preferably 2 to 8 kg per square meter, and particularly preferably 6 to 7 kg per square meter.

  After the application of the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a is completed, curing is performed, and the resin binder 12b is sufficiently cured. By this hardening, the pavement road surface material 1 and the aggregate particles 12a are fixed to the surface of the pavement 10 and the aggregate layer 12 is formed. At this time, the thickness of the aggregate layer 12 (the maximum height of the aggregate particles 12a from the surface of the base layer 11) is preferably 2 to 7 mm, more preferably 3 to 5 mm.

  In the aggregate layer 12, the pavement road surface material 1 is fixed on the pavement, and the position information can be transmitted stably. The pavement road surface material 1 has a plurality of pavement road surface materials 1 capable of transmitting the same position information in the same area of the pavement so that the position information can be transmitted stably and the vehicle can receive the information. You may. Thus, even when the traveling position of the vehicle is shifted, the position information can be obtained.

  In addition, it is preferable that the aggregate particles 12a and the pavement road surface material 1 have a higher height of the surrounding aggregate particles 12a than the height of the pavement road surface material 1. In this way, by making the height of the surrounding aggregate particles 12a higher than that of the pavement road surface material 1, even when the tire of the vehicle passing through the pavement passes over it, the pavement road surface material 1 Contact with the tire of the vehicle is reduced, and direct impact on the pavement road surface material 1 can be reduced. In this case, the load of the vehicle is received by the surrounding aggregate particles 12a, the binder 12b and the base layer 11, so that the information transmitting means 2 can be held in a stable state.

  In order to make the height of the pavement road surface material 1 lower than the height of the aggregate particles 12a, the spread pavement road surface material 1 is pressed before the resin binder 12b is cured in the above-described manufacturing method. The height may be lower than the height of the surrounding aggregate particles 12a. At this time, it is preferable that the height of the pavement road surface material 1 is lower by 0.5 to 2 mm than the height of the aggregate particles 12a.

  Furthermore, the surface of the aggregate layer 12 can be subjected to various surface treatments. Examples of the surface treatment include a treatment for imparting a desired function to a pavement such as a drainage pavement, a heat shielding pavement, and a non-slip pavement. As the top coat layer formed by these surface treatments, known top coat layers can be mentioned.

  For example, as the top coat layer having heat shielding properties, a material using a known resin such as MMA resin, acrylic resin, or urethane resin as a material may be used. It can be formed by coating so as to cover and drying. The paint for forming the top coat used here may be a water-based paint or an oil-based paint, and can be appropriately selected according to the resin composition to be the coating film.

<Second embodiment>
The pavement road surface material in the second embodiment of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 3, a pavement road surface material 4 in which the periphery of the information transmitting means 2 is covered with aggregate particles 12a. Hereinafter, this will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Pavement surface material]
As described above, the pavement road surface material 4 includes the information transmitting means 2 and the aggregate particles 12a that cover the surface of the information transmitting means 2. Hereinafter, each of these components will be described in detail. The pavement road surface material 4 of the present embodiment is formed so as to itself become a part of the surface layer of the pavement.

(Information transmission means)
The information transmitting means 2 used here is basically the same as that described in the first embodiment, and has the same function. However, the preferred shape and size are slightly different, and the information transmitting means 2 used in the second embodiment is a card having a relatively large side of 10 to 100 mm and a thin thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm. Shape or sheet shape.

(Coating aggregate)
As the coating aggregate used here, the aggregate particles 12a described in the first embodiment can be exemplified as they are. In this embodiment, since the information transmitting means 2 is large, a plurality of aggregate particles 12a are adhered and fixed along the surface, and the surface of the information transmitting means 2 is covered. At this time, considering the construction on the pavement, it is preferable to cover only one side of the information transmitting means 2 with the covering aggregate from the relation of the thickness and the like. As the adhesive used for this bonding and fixing, a known adhesive (including the binder described above) that can be used at the time of producing a pavement can be used without any particular limitation.

  With such a configuration, the obtained pavement road surface material 4 can be used as it is as a part of the surface layer of the pavement.

[Pavement]
FIG. 4 shows an example of the pavement of the present embodiment. The pavement body 20 shown in FIG. 4 includes a base layer 11, and an aggregate layer 21 in which the pavement road surface material 4 and the aggregate particles 12a are fixed to the upper layer of the base layer 11 with a binder 12b. . As shown in FIG. 4, the pavement road surface material 4 of this embodiment is adhered and fixed on the base layer 11 by the binder 12 b to form the pavement 20.

  The manufacturing of the pavement body 20 is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the pavement road surface material 4 is placed before the aggregate particles 12a are scattered at the place where the pavement road surface material 4 is arranged because of the difference in form. May be manufactured in the same manner as described in the above. Also in this case, the thickness of the aggregate layer 21 (the maximum height of the aggregate particles 12a from the surface of the base layer 11) is preferably 2 to 7 mm, more preferably 3 to 5 mm.

<Location information system>
The position information system of the present embodiment includes the pavement of the present invention, and information receiving means attached to the vehicle, which receives information from information transmission means of the pavement. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, a pavement 10 having the information transmitting means 2, a vehicle 50 running on the pavement 10, and an information receiving means 51 attached to the vehicle 50 are provided. Have.

(Paved body)
The pavement used here is the pavement of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows the pavement 10 shown in the first embodiment as an example of the pavement, but is not limited to this.

(Information receiving means)
The information receiving means 51 used here can receive positional information transmitted from the information transmitting means 2 of the pavement 10. The information receiving means can be used without any particular limitation as long as it can receive position information from the information transmitting means 2, and is preferably a means capable of transmitting and receiving position information by wireless communication. When the information transmitting means 2 is an RFID tag, the information receiving means 51 is a corresponding RFID reader. Further, an RFID reader / writer having a function of writing and rewriting RFID information can also be used. When the information transmitting means 2 is a ceramic particle having a specific color, the information receiving means 51 is a camera capable of identifying the color.

  Here, the information receiving means 51 is mounted on a vehicle, and the vehicle 50 used here is not particularly limited as long as the vehicle runs on the pavement 10. No. In addition, vehicles in the present embodiment include vehicles such as motorcycles and bicycles. Further, the mounting position of the information receiving means 51 may be any position as long as position information can be received. In the case of an RFID tag, it is preferable to provide the RFID tag at the lower part of the vehicle from the viewpoint of the communication distance. In the case of a camera, it is preferable to mount the camera at a relatively high position in front of the vehicle so that the road surface can be clearly imaged in front of the vehicle.

(Operation of location information system)
Next, a procedure for acquiring position information in the position information system of the present embodiment will be described. Here, a case where a passive type RFID tag is used as the information transmitting means 2 will be described below as an example.

  First, in FIG. 5, the information receiving means 51 attached to the vehicle 50 transmits a radio wave toward the pavement at a predetermined timing during traveling. The information transmitting means 2 having received the radio wave converts the radio wave into electric power and transmits the retained position information to the information receiving means 51 attached to the vehicle 50. The information receiving means 51 receives the transmitted position information, and can perform various operations on the vehicle 50 using the position information.

  At this time, the information receiving means 51 needs to be fixed to a position within the range of the communicable distance with the information transmitting means 2 in the vehicle 50, and considering the distance to the road surface, It is preferable to provide it on the lower part or on the bottom of the vehicle 50. By doing so, it is possible to safely and reliably transmit and receive information to and from the information transmitting means 2 fixed in the pavement 10. At this time, the distance between the information transmitting means 2 and the information receiving means 51 is, for example, preferably within 1 m, more preferably within 30 cm, even more preferably within 20 cm while the vehicle is running.

  According to this position information system, it is possible to use the road surface as a landmark while ensuring the traveling safety performance of the pavement, and it is possible to provide accurate and accurate position information and position attached information to traveling vehicles simply and reliably. .

  As this operation, for example, the obtained position information or information obtained based on this position information is displayed on a display provided in the vehicle 50, and the information can be transmitted to the driver of the vehicle 50. .

  As another operation, for example, the position information of the navigation system provided in the vehicle 50 is compared with the obtained position information or the information obtained based on this position information, and the position information of the navigation system is compared. It is possible to correct and guide the surrounding service information on the navigation system.

  Further, as another operation, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, another information transmitting means 2 is provided along the traveling direction of the vehicle 50 traveling on the pavement 10, and their relative position information is registered. In advance, the information receiving means 51 detects and confirms a traveling locus based on the position information received from the information transmitting means 2, determines and determines a traveling route to the next information transmitting means 2, and performs control. The driving condition (accelerator position, brake position, steering position, etc.) of the vehicle 50 can also be controlled by the device. In such a case, it is preferable to provide one or more and ten or less information transmitting means 2 in a one-meter section, and more preferably two or more and five or less. This can also be used for automatic driving systems. FIG. 6 is a diagram of the pavement body 10 on which the vehicle 50 runs as viewed from above.

  Further, in this case, the automatic driving of the vehicle 50 can be smoothly performed by acquiring and linking the peripheral information of the vehicle 50 with a camera, a sensor, or the like. In addition, by linking with a navigation system such as GPS, it is possible to select an optimal route in consideration of road congestion and the like, and to provide various other applications.

  Further, in the plurality of information transmitting means 2 shown in FIG. 6, the relative position information is registered, and whether or not the route is a regular traveling route is determined by the order of the position information received from the information transmitting means 2. Is determined, and in the case where the vehicle goes backward, a warning display or the like can be displayed on the navigation system provided in the vehicle 50. For example, if three information transmitting means 2 are installed and the vehicle 50 is traveling on a regular traveling route, the position information is received in the order of information a-information b-information c. If received in any other order, it can be determined that the route is not a regular route. In particular, in the case of the order of information c-information b-information a, it can be determined that the vehicle is running backward.

  The position information system of the present embodiment is fixed to a predetermined place as the pavement road surface material 1 and has the position information of the place, so that accurate position information can be transmitted to the user of the vehicle 50. In addition, if the pavement road surface material 1 is disposed immediately below (the bottom surface of) the traveling vehicle, it is not affected by other vehicles and has no obstruction between its own vehicle and the information transmitting means 1 and is stable. As a result, information can be reliably exchanged.

  When there is road construction such as lane change, the position information system of the present embodiment can always keep the latest information unlike map information and the like, because the surface of the traveling road surface is newly installed for each road construction. .

  Unlike the GPS or the like, the position information system of the present embodiment can acquire information from a pavement, so that accurate information can be easily obtained even at an entrance or exit of a highway, in a tunnel, or the like. In particular, it is possible to easily distinguish the upper and lower steps of the elevated road.

  Furthermore, at the exit of the highway, it is often used as a non-slip pavement because it is necessary to rapidly reduce the speed, but since the position information system of the present embodiment also has a non-slip pavement, a known non-slip pavement is used. This is particularly preferable because it can be carried out simultaneously.

  1,4: Pavement road surface material, 2: Information transmission means, 3: Coating aggregate, 10, 20: Pavement, 11: Base layer, 12 aggregate layer, 12a: Aggregate particles, 12b: Resin binder, 50 ... vehicle, 51 ... information receiving means

Claims (12)

Information transmitting means having position information and capable of transmitting the position information;
A covering aggregate that covers the surface of the information transmitting means and imparts a non-slip action to the pavement;
A road surface material for pavement comprising: The coating aggregate has a surface dry density of 1.5 to 4.5 g / cm ³ , a water absorption of 4.0% or less, a particle size of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, and a reduction in abrasion loss specified by JIS A 1121. The pavement road surface material according to claim 1, which is 30% or less.   The pavement road surface material according to claim 1, wherein the covering aggregate covers the entire surface of the information transmitting unit.   The pavement road surface material according to claim 1, wherein the covering aggregate covers a part of a surface of the information transmitting unit.   The pavement road surface material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the information transmitting means is capable of transmitting information by wireless communication.   The pavement road surface material according to claim 5, wherein the information transmitting means is an RFID tag.   The pavement road surface material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the information transmission means is a button type or a square type having a side of 0.1 to 20 mm.   The pavement road surface material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the information transmission means is in a card shape or a sheet shape having a side of 10 to 100 mm and a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm. A base layer made of asphalt or concrete,
An aggregate layer in which the pavement road surface material and aggregate particles according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are fixed to the upper layer of the base layer with a binder,
A pavement comprising:   The pavement according to claim 9, further comprising a topcoat layer containing a heat-shielding resin composition on a surface of the aggregate layer.   The pavement according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the binder includes an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or an MMA resin (methyl methacrylate resin). A pavement according to any one of claims 9 to 11,
Information can be received from the information transmitting means of the pavement, information receiving means attached to the vehicle,
A location information system comprising:

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