JP2020029774A - Water turbine blade attaching structure of hydraulic generating apparatus - Google Patents

Water turbine blade attaching structure of hydraulic generating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2020029774A
JP2020029774A JP2018153955A JP2018153955A JP2020029774A JP 2020029774 A JP2020029774 A JP 2020029774A JP 2018153955 A JP2018153955 A JP 2018153955A JP 2018153955 A JP2018153955 A JP 2018153955A JP 2020029774 A JP2020029774 A JP 2020029774A
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turbine blade
bolt
water
water turbine
mounting structure
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Inventor
知美 後藤
Tomomi Goto
知美 後藤
近藤　博光
Hiromitsu Kondo
博光 近藤
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NTN Corp
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NTN Corp
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2018153955A priority Critical patent/JP2020029774A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/032316 priority patent/WO2020040097A1/en
Priority to CN201980054638.4A priority patent/CN112585346A/en
Priority to KR1020217005805A priority patent/KR20210048497A/en
Publication of JP2020029774A publication Critical patent/JP2020029774A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/128—Mounting, demounting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/126—Rotors for essentially axial flow, e.g. for propeller turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05B2220/32—Application in turbines in water turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/24—Rotors for turbines
    • F05B2240/242—Rotors for turbines of reaction type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F05B2260/301—Retaining bolts or nuts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/95—Preventing corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/10—Inorganic materials, e.g. metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/40—Organic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6011—Coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6015—Resin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a water turbine blade attaching structure capable of preventing deterioration in strength of a water turbine blade caused when an inner circumference face surface layer part of a bolt hole comes in contact with a bolt and becomes worn, and water penetrates into a fiber-reinforced plastic material from the worn part.SOLUTION: A hydraulic generating apparatus includes water turbin blades 1 formed of a fiber-reinforced plastic material, and a power generator for generating power by receiving the rotation of the water turbine blades 1. A water turbine shaft 20 is inserted into a through-hole 50 of the water turbine blades 1. A pair of flange members 51 and 52 are disposed on both side faces in the periphery of the through-hole 50 in the water turbine blades 1. The water turbine blades 1 and the flange members 51 and 52 are fastened by a bolt 53 inserted into bolt holes 10a, 51a, and 52a. The flange members 51 and 52 are attached to the water turbine shaft 20. A wear prevention material 55 is interposed between the inner circumference face of the bolt hole 10a of the water turbine blades 1 and the outer peripheral face of the bolt 53.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

この発明は、繊維強化プラスチック材からなる水車翼を備え、水路に設置されて水の力で発電する水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a turbine blade mounting structure of a hydraulic power generation device that includes a turbine blade made of a fiber-reinforced plastic material and is installed in a water channel to generate power with water power.

水力発電装置は、水のエネルギーを回転エネルギーに変換する水車翼と、回転エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換する発電機とを備える。他に、必要に応じて、水車翼の回転を増速して発電機に伝達する増速機、発電機を制御する制御装置等が設けられる。   The hydraulic power generator includes a water turbine blade that converts water energy into rotational energy, and a generator that converts rotational energy into electric energy. In addition, as necessary, a gearbox for increasing the speed of rotation of the turbine blade and transmitting the rotation to the generator, a control device for controlling the generator, and the like are provided.

小水力発電装置の水車翼を繊維強化プラスチック材とし、増速機の入力軸となる水車軸に取り付ける場合、まず、一対のフランジ部材で水車翼の中心部の両側面を挟み込み、これら一対のフランジ部材と水車翼の中心部とをボルトで締め付けて固定する。そして、この水車翼と一対のフランジ部材とからなるアッセンブリを、フランジ部材の部分で水車軸に軸方向に移動不能かつ回転不能に取り付ける。水車翼が水の力を受けて回転すると、その回転トルクが摩擦力によりフランジ部材に伝達されて、水車軸が回転する。   When the turbine blade of the small hydro power plant is made of fiber-reinforced plastic material and attached to the turbine shaft that is the input shaft of the gearbox, first, a pair of flange members sandwich both sides of the center of the turbine blade, and the pair of flanges The member and the center of the turbine blade are tightened with bolts and fixed. Then, the assembly including the turbine blade and the pair of flange members is attached to the hydraulic shaft at the flange member portion so as not to move in the axial direction and to rotate. When the water turbine blades rotate under the force of water, the rotation torque is transmitted to the flange member by frictional force, and the water turbine shaft rotates.

特許文献１は垂直軸型水力発電装置に関し、垂直回転軸と３枚のブレードとをボルトおよびナットを用いて締結固定することが記載されている。   Patent Literature 1 relates to a vertical shaft type hydroelectric power generator, and describes that a vertical rotating shaft and three blades are fastened and fixed using bolts and nuts.

特開２０１７−８９２７号公報JP 2017-8927 A

水路に設置される水力発電装置では、水車翼が水から変動荷重を受ける。例えば、水車翼が、回転軸心が水流方向と平行なプロペラ水車であり、その水車翼の上部が水面より上に出ている場合、水車翼の羽根は水に没している状態と水から出ている状態とを繰り返す。これにより、羽根が受ける荷重が大きく変化する。このようなスラスト方向の変動荷重を水車翼が受けると、荷重変動により、水車翼の中心部のボルト孔の内周面に、一対のフランジ部材と水車翼とを締め付ける前記ボルトが接触し、ボルト孔の内周面表層部が摩耗する。その摩耗部分から、水車翼の内部に水が浸透する。   In a hydraulic power generator installed in a water channel, a turbine blade receives a variable load from water. For example, if the turbine blade is a propeller turbine whose axis of rotation is parallel to the direction of the water flow, and the upper part of the turbine blade is above the water surface, the blades of the turbine blade are submerged in water and Repeat the state that it is out. As a result, the load applied to the blade changes greatly. When the turbine blade receives such a fluctuating load in the thrust direction, due to the load variation, the bolts for tightening the pair of flange members and the turbine blade come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole at the center of the turbine blade. The inner layer surface of the hole is worn. Water penetrates into the inside of the turbine blade from the worn portion.

繊維強化プラスチック材の樹脂材、例えばビニルエステル樹脂は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂と比較して、耐水性に優れ、水との接触でも強度劣化し難い。一方、繊維強化プラスチック材の繊維材は、水との接触により強度劣化に繋がる。水車翼の外皮は樹脂材であるため、水と接触しても強度低下を促進しないが、摩耗部分から繊維材が水と接触することで、水車翼の強度低下に繋がる。   A resin material of a fiber reinforced plastic material, for example, a vinyl ester resin, is superior in water resistance to an unsaturated polyester resin, and hardly deteriorates in strength even in contact with water. On the other hand, the fiber material of the fiber reinforced plastic material leads to deterioration in strength due to contact with water. Since the outer skin of the water turbine blade is made of a resin material, it does not promote a decrease in strength even when it comes into contact with water. However, when the fiber material comes into contact with water from a worn portion, the strength of the water turbine blade is reduced.

この発明の目的は、水車翼が繊維強化プラスチック材である場合、荷重変動により、水車翼中心部のボルト孔の内周面表層部にボルトが接触して摩耗し、その摩耗部分から繊維強化プラスチック材の内部に水が浸透することによる水車翼の強度低下を防止することができる水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造を提供することである。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic turbine blade made of fiber-reinforced plastic material, wherein the load fluctuation causes the bolt to come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole at the center of the turbine blade and wear. An object of the present invention is to provide a turbine blade mounting structure of a hydraulic power generator, which can prevent a decrease in strength of the turbine blade due to penetration of water into a material.

この発明の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造は、繊維強化プラスチック材からなる水車翼と、この水車翼の回転を受けて発電を行う発電機とを備えた水力発電装置における、前記水車翼を水車軸に対して一体回転するように取り付ける水車翼取付け構造であって、
前記水車翼は中心部に貫通孔を有し、この貫通孔に前記水車軸が挿通され、
前記水車翼における前記貫通孔の外周部の両側面に一対のフランジ部材が配置され、前記水車翼および前記一対のフランジ部材に設けられたボルト孔にわたってボルトが挿通され、このボルトにより前記水車翼と前記一対のフランジ部材とが締結され、
前記一対のフランジ部材が前記水車軸に取り付けられ、
前記水車翼の前記ボルト孔の内周面と前記ボルトの外周面との間に摩耗防止材が介在することを特徴とする。 A turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power unit according to the present invention is a hydraulic power unit including a turbine blade made of a fiber-reinforced plastic material, and a generator that generates electric power by rotating the turbine blade. A water turbine wing mounting structure that is mounted so as to rotate integrally with the axle,
The water turbine blade has a through hole in the center, the water wheel shaft is inserted into this through hole,
A pair of flange members are arranged on both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the through hole in the water turbine blade, and a bolt is inserted through a bolt hole provided in the water turbine blade and the pair of flange members. The pair of flange members are fastened,
The pair of flange members are attached to the water wheel axle,
A wear prevention member is interposed between an inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole of the water turbine blade and an outer peripheral surface of the bolt.

この構成によると、水車翼のボルト孔の内周面とボルトの外周面との間に摩耗防止材を介在させたことにより、ボルトがボルト孔の内周面に接触しなくなる。そのため、水車翼が水から受けるスラスト方向の変動荷重が発生しても、ボルト孔の内周面表層部が摩耗することがほとんどなく、水車翼の繊維強化プラスチック材の内部への水の浸透が抑制される。それにより、水車翼の材料劣化による強度低下を防止することができる。   According to this configuration, the abrasion preventing material is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole of the water turbine blade and the outer peripheral surface of the bolt, so that the bolt does not contact the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole. As a result, even if a thrust-direction fluctuating load is applied to the turbine blades from water, the inner surface of the bolt hole hardly wears, and water permeates into the fiber-reinforced plastic material of the turbine blades. Is suppressed. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a decrease in strength due to deterioration of the material of the turbine blade.

前記摩耗防止材は、前記水車翼の前記ボルト孔の内周に嵌合する円筒状であるとよい。
摩耗防止材が円筒状であると、摩耗防止材自体の加工が容易であるだけでなく、ボルト孔の加工も容易となる。このため、より一層低コストで水車翼の強度低下防止を実現できる。 It is preferable that the wear prevention member has a cylindrical shape that fits into the inner periphery of the bolt hole of the water turbine blade.
When the wear prevention material is cylindrical, not only the processing of the wear prevention material itself, but also the processing of the bolt holes becomes easy. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the strength of the water turbine blade from being reduced at a lower cost.

前記摩耗防止材は、樹脂材または金属材からなっているとよい。
樹脂材および金属材は、いずれも加工が容易である。 The wear preventing material may be made of a resin material or a metal material.
Both the resin material and the metal material are easy to process.

前記摩耗防止材が樹脂材からなっている場合、樹脂材の種類として、不飽和ポリエステル、ビニルエステル、およびエポキシ樹脂のうちのいずれかの熱硬化性樹脂が適する。   When the abrasion preventive is made of a resin material, any one of unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, and epoxy resin is suitable as the type of the resin material.

前記摩耗防止材は前記ボルトと同一金属からなるか、または、前記摩耗防止材は前記ボルトと異種金属からなり、前記摩耗防止材および前記ボルトの少なくともいずれか一方が耐食処理されているのが望ましい。
ボルトおよび摩耗防止材が共に金属材である場合、これら２つの金属材の種類が異なっていると、水中においては２つの金属間で電食が起きやすい。２つの金属材を同一金属とすることで、上記電食を回避することができる。また、２つの金属材が異種金属である場合でも、少なくともいずれか一方を耐食処理することで、上記電食を回避することができる。 It is preferable that the abrasion preventive is made of the same metal as the bolt, or that the abrasion preventive is made of a different metal from the bolt, and that at least one of the abrasion preventive and the bolt is corrosion-resistant. .
When both the bolt and the wear prevention material are metal materials, if the two metal materials are different in type, electrolytic corrosion easily occurs between the two metals in water. By using the same metal for the two metal materials, the above-described electrolytic corrosion can be avoided. Further, even when the two metal materials are different metals, the electrolytic corrosion can be avoided by performing a corrosion-resistant treatment on at least one of them.

前記水車翼の前記ボルト孔の内周面に前記摩耗防止材が接着剤により固定されていてもよい。
特に、摩耗防止材が金属材である場合、摩耗防止材の方が繊維強化プラスチック材からなる水車翼よりも硬度が高いため、ボルト孔に対して摩耗防止材が動くことで、ボルト孔の内周面表層部が摩耗する可能性がある。ボルト孔の内周面に摩耗防止材を接着剤により固定することで、摩耗防止材が動かないようにして、ボルト孔の内周面表層部の摩耗を防止することができる。 The wear preventing material may be fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole of the water turbine blade with an adhesive.
In particular, when the wear prevention material is a metal material, the hardness of the wear prevention material is higher than that of the water turbine blade made of the fiber reinforced plastic material. The outer surface layer may be worn. By fixing the abrasion preventive material to the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole with an adhesive, the abrasion preventive material is prevented from moving, so that the abrasion of the inner peripheral surface portion of the bolt hole can be prevented.

前記ボルトのねじ部が、前記水車翼よりも軸方向の外側に位置していてもよい。
これにより、ボルトのねじ部と摩耗防止部材との接触がなくなり、摩耗防止部材の摩耗が軽減される。 The screw portion of the bolt may be located outside the turbine blade in the axial direction.
This eliminates contact between the screw portion of the bolt and the wear prevention member, and reduces wear of the wear prevention member.

前記摩耗防止材は、前記ボルトの外周面にコーティングにより形成された樹脂材であってもよい。
ボルトと摩耗防止材とが別体である場合、ボルトと摩耗防止材との接触面、および摩耗防止材とボルト孔の内周面との接触面の２つの摺動箇所を有する。これに対し、ボルトと摩耗防止材とが一体の部品であると、摩耗防止材とボルト孔の内周面との接触面のみが摺動箇所となる。このため、摩耗がより防止できる。
また、ボルトの外周面にコーティングにより形成された摩耗防止材は、ボルトと別体の摩耗防止材と比べて、肉厚を薄くすることができる。それにより、ボルト孔の内径を小さくすることができる。
さらに、摩耗防止材をボルトの外周面にコーティングにより形成することで、ボルトと摩耗防止材とが一体の部品となり、部品点数を削減することができる。それにより、組立作業性が向上する。 The wear prevention member may be a resin material formed by coating an outer peripheral surface of the bolt.
When the bolt and the abrasion preventive member are separate bodies, it has two sliding portions: a contact surface between the bolt and the abrasion preventive material and a contact surface between the abrasion preventive material and the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole. On the other hand, if the bolt and the abrasion preventive material are an integral part, only the contact surface between the abrasion preventive material and the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole becomes a sliding portion. Therefore, wear can be further prevented.
Further, the thickness of the abrasion preventing material formed by coating the outer peripheral surface of the bolt can be reduced as compared with the abrasion preventing material separate from the bolt. Thereby, the inner diameter of the bolt hole can be reduced.
Further, by forming the abrasion prevention material on the outer peripheral surface of the bolt by coating, the bolt and the abrasion prevention material become an integrated part, and the number of parts can be reduced. Thereby, assembling workability is improved.

コーティングに用いられる前記樹脂材としては、不飽和ポリエステル、ビニルエステル、およびエポキシ樹脂のうちのいずれかの熱硬化性樹脂が好ましい。   As the resin material used for the coating, a thermosetting resin of any of unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, and epoxy resin is preferable.

この発明の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造は、前記水車翼が複数の羽根を有するプロペラ水車である場合に適する。特に、前記プロペラ水車である水車翼が、回転軸心が水流方向と平行である場合に適する。いずれの場合も、水車翼が大きな変動荷重を受けるため、この発明の水車翼取付け構造を採用することによる効果が大きい。   The water turbine blade mounting structure of the hydraulic power generator according to the present invention is suitable for a case where the water turbine blade is a propeller turbine having a plurality of blades. In particular, the water turbine blade, which is the propeller turbine, is suitable for a case where the rotation axis is parallel to the water flow direction. In any case, since the turbine blade receives a large fluctuating load, the effect of adopting the turbine blade mounting structure of the present invention is large.

この発明の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造は、繊維強化プラスチック材からなる水車翼と、この水車翼の回転を受けて発電を行う発電機とを備えた水力発電装置における、前記水車翼を水車軸に対して一体回転するように取り付ける水車翼取付け構造であって、前記水車翼は中心部に貫通孔を有し、この貫通孔に前記水車軸が挿通され、前記水車翼における前記貫通孔の外周部の両側面に一対のフランジ部材が配置され、前記水車翼および前記一対のフランジ部材に設けられたボルト孔にわたってボルトが挿通され、このボルトにより前記水車翼と前記一対のフランジ部材とが締結され、前記一対のフランジ部材が前記水車軸に取り付けられ、前記水車翼の前記ボルト孔の内周面と前記ボルトの外周面との間に摩耗防止材が介在するため、ボルト孔の内周面表層部がボルトと接触して摩耗し、その摩耗部分から繊維強化プラスチック材の内部に水が浸透することによる水車翼の強度低下を防止することができる。   A turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power generator according to the present invention is a hydraulic turbine including a turbine blade made of a fiber-reinforced plastic material and a generator configured to generate power by receiving rotation of the turbine blade. A turbine impeller mounting structure that is mounted so as to rotate integrally with an axle, wherein the turbine impeller has a through hole at a center portion, and the water turbine axle is inserted into the through hole, and the through hole of the turbine impeller is A pair of flange members are arranged on both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion, and bolts are inserted through bolt holes provided in the water turbine blade and the pair of flange members, and the bolts fasten the water turbine blade and the pair of flange members. The pair of flange members are attached to the water wheel shaft, and an abrasion preventing material is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole of the water turbine blade and the outer peripheral surface of the bolt, The inner peripheral surface a surface layer portion of the belt hole worn in contact with the bolt, can be water from the worn portion within the fiber reinforced plastic material to prevent the reduction in strength of the water wheel blades due to osmosis.

この発明の第１の実施形態に係る水車翼取付け構造が適用された水力発電装置の正面図である。FIG. 1 is a front view of a hydraulic power generation device to which a water turbine blade mounting structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. 同水力発電装置の側面図である。It is a side view of the same hydroelectric generator. 図２の主要部を示す側面図であり、一部を断面で表している。FIG. 3 is a side view showing a main part of FIG. 2, and a part is shown in a cross section. 図３のIV部拡大図である。FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part IV in FIG. 3. この発明の第２の実施形態に係る水車翼取付け構造を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the water turbine blade mounting structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. コーティングにより外周面に摩耗防止材が形成されたボルトを示す図であるFIG. 4 is a view showing a bolt having an abrasion preventing material formed on an outer peripheral surface by coating. この発明の第３の実施形態に係る水車翼取付け構造を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the water turbine blade mounting structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 同水車翼取付け構造における水車翼のハブと摩耗防止材の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the hub of a water turbine blade and the wear prevention material in the water turbine blade mounting structure. この発明の第４の実施形態に係る水車翼取付け構造を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the water turbine blade mounting structure which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. （Ａ）は図９のＸＡ分拡大図、（Ｂ）は図９のＸＢ部拡大図である。(A) is an enlarged view of XA of FIG. 9, and (B) is an enlarged view of XB part of FIG. 9.

［第１の実施形態］
＜水力発電装置＞
図１、図２は第１の実施形態に係る水車翼取付け構造が適用された水力発電装置の正面図および側面図である。この水力発電装置は、水路に設置されて水の力で発電を行うものであり、水車翼１、増速機２、発電機３、および支持装置４を備える。他に、発電機３を制御する制御装置（図示せず）等が設けられる。 [First Embodiment]
<Hydroelectric generator>
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a front view and a side view of a hydroelectric power generator to which the turbine blade mounting structure according to the first embodiment is applied. This hydraulic power generation device is installed in a water channel to generate power using water power, and includes a water turbine blade 1, a speed increaser 2, a generator 3, and a support device 4. In addition, a control device (not shown) for controlling the generator 3 is provided.

水車翼１は、筒状のハブ１０の外周から複数（例えば５つ）の羽根１１が放射状に延びるプロペラ水車であって、回転軸心Ｏが水路の水流の方向Ａと平行になるように設けられる。各羽根１１の先端部は、上流側に向けて傾斜している。ハブ１０と羽根１１とは一体に形成されている。上流側となるハブ１０の前面には、スピナ１２が取り付けられている。これらハブ１０、羽根１１、およびスピナ１２は、繊維強化プラスチック材で作られている。   The turbine blade 1 is a propeller turbine in which a plurality of (for example, five) blades 11 extend radially from the outer periphery of a cylindrical hub 10, and are provided so that a rotation axis O is parallel to a direction A of a water flow in a water channel. Can be The tip of each blade 11 is inclined toward the upstream side. The hub 10 and the blade 11 are formed integrally. A spinner 12 is mounted on the front surface of the hub 10 on the upstream side. These hub 10, blade 11 and spinner 12 are made of fiber reinforced plastic material.

増速機２は、水車翼１の回転を増速するものである。増速機２の入力軸となる水車軸２０が増速機２から上流側に突出しており、この水車軸２０に水車翼１が一体回転するように固定される。   The speed increaser 2 speeds up the rotation of the turbine blade 1. A water wheel shaft 20 serving as an input shaft of the gearbox 2 projects upstream from the gearbox 2, and the water turbine blade 1 is fixed to the water wheel shaft 20 so as to rotate integrally therewith.

図３に示すように、増速機２の増速機構２１は、互いに噛み合う一対の傘歯車２２，２３からなる。入力側の傘歯車２２は水車軸２０に取り付けられ、出力側の傘歯車２３は鉛直方向に延びる回転伝達軸２４に取り付けられている。回転伝達軸２４は、増速機２１で増速された回転力を発電機３に伝達する軸であり、支柱２５の内部に設けられている。図２に示すように、支柱２５は、上端が支持装置４に固定され、下端に増速機２が支持されている。   As shown in FIG. 3, the speed increasing mechanism 21 of the speed increasing device 2 includes a pair of bevel gears 22 and 23 that mesh with each other. The input-side bevel gear 22 is attached to the water wheel 20 and the output-side bevel gear 23 is attached to a rotation transmission shaft 24 extending in the vertical direction. The rotation transmission shaft 24 is a shaft that transmits the torque increased by the gearbox 21 to the generator 3, and is provided inside the support 25. As shown in FIG. 2, the support column 25 has an upper end fixed to the support device 4 and a lower end supporting the gearbox 2.

図２において、発電機３は下方に延びる発電機軸３０を有し、この発電機軸３０が回転連結具３１を介して前記回転伝達軸２４と連結されている。これにより、水車翼１の回転が増速機２により増速して発電機３に伝達されて、発電機３が発電する。発電機３は、例えば３相交流発電機である。   In FIG. 2, the generator 3 has a generator shaft 30 extending downward, and the generator shaft 30 is connected to the rotation transmission shaft 24 via a rotation connection tool 31. As a result, the rotation of the water turbine blade 1 is accelerated by the speed increaser 2 and transmitted to the generator 3 so that the generator 3 generates power. The generator 3 is, for example, a three-phase AC generator.

図１、図２に示すように、支持装置４は、水路の両側の側壁５の間に架け渡して設けられた２本の梁４０と、これら梁４０の上に載置された架台４１と、この架台４１に設置された２本の発電機スタンド４２と、これら２本の発電機スタンド４２の上部を繋ぐように設けられたベース板４３とを有する。発電機３は、架台４１とベース板４３との間に配置され、ベース板４３に固定される。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the support device 4 includes two beams 40 provided between the side walls 5 on both sides of the water channel, and a gantry 41 mounted on the beams 40. It has two generator stands 42 installed on the gantry 41 and a base plate 43 provided so as to connect the upper portions of the two generator stands 42. The generator 3 is arranged between the gantry 41 and the base plate 43 and is fixed to the base plate 43.

＜水車翼取付け構造＞
前記水車軸２０への前記水車翼１の取付け構造について説明する。
図３に示すように、水車軸２０は、増速機２よりも上流側（図３の左側）に突出した大径部２０ａと、この大径部２０ａの先端から上流側に延びる小径部２０ｂとを有し、小径部２０ｂの基端を除く外周面に雄ねじ２０ｃが形成されている。 <Water turbine blade mounting structure>
The mounting structure of the water turbine blade 1 to the water shaft 20 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the water wheel axle 20 has a large-diameter portion 20a protruding upstream (left side in FIG. 3) from the gearbox 2, and a small-diameter portion 20b extending upstream from the tip of the large-diameter portion 20a. And a male screw 20c is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion 20b except for the base end.

水車翼１は、ハブ１０の上流側および下流側の両側面に、一対の環状のフランジ部材５１，５２がボルト５３により締付け固定されている。ハブ１０は、中央部に貫通孔５０を有する筒状で、中実に成形されている。ハブ１０は、請求項で言う「水車翼における貫通孔の外周部」に相当する。
上流側のフランジ部材５１は、ハブ１０の貫通孔５０よりも内径が小さく、水車軸２０の小径部２０ｂに嵌合可能である。下流側のフランジ部材５２は、内周面が水車軸２０の大径部２０ａに嵌合可能で、かつ外周面がハブ１０の貫通孔５０に嵌合可能な筒状部５４を有する。 In the water turbine blade 1, a pair of annular flange members 51, 52 are fastened and fixed by bolts 53 to both the upstream and downstream sides of the hub 10. The hub 10 has a cylindrical shape having a through hole 50 at the center, and is formed solid. The hub 10 corresponds to “an outer peripheral portion of a through hole in a water turbine blade” in the claims.
The upstream flange member 51 has a smaller inner diameter than the through hole 50 of the hub 10 and can be fitted to the small diameter portion 20 b of the water wheel shaft 20. The downstream flange member 52 has a cylindrical portion 54 whose inner peripheral surface can be fitted to the large diameter portion 20 a of the water wheel shaft 20 and whose outer peripheral surface can be fitted to the through hole 50 of the hub 10.

図４に示すように、前記ボルト５３は、水車翼１のハブ１０および一対のフランジ部材５１，５２にそれぞれ設けられたボルト孔１０ａ，５１ａ，５２ａにわたって挿通される。この実施形態の場合、下流側のフランジ部材５２のボルト孔５２ａがねじ孔となっており、上流側からボルト孔５１ａ，１０ａに挿入したボルト５３のねじ部５３ａをねじ孔であるボルト孔５２ａに螺合させることで、水車翼１と一対のフランジ部材５１，５２とが締結される。下流側のフランジ部材５２のボルト孔５２ａがねじ孔ではなく、ボルト孔５２ａを貫通させたボルト５３のねじ部５３ａにナット（図示せず）を螺着することで、水車翼１と一対のフランジ部材５１，５２とを締結してもよい。   As shown in FIG. 4, the bolt 53 is inserted through the bolt holes 10a, 51a, 52a provided in the hub 10 and the pair of flange members 51, 52 of the turbine blade 1. In the case of this embodiment, the bolt hole 52a of the downstream flange member 52 is a screw hole, and the screw portion 53a of the bolt 53 inserted into the bolt hole 51a, 10a from the upstream side is inserted into the screw hole 52a. By screwing, the water turbine blade 1 and the pair of flange members 51 and 52 are fastened. The bolt hole 52a of the downstream flange member 52 is not a screw hole, but a nut (not shown) is screwed into a screw portion 53a of a bolt 53 that penetrates the bolt hole 52a. The members 51 and 52 may be fastened.

水車翼１のハブ１０のボルト孔１０ａはフランジ部材５１，５２のボルト孔５１ａ，５２ａよりも内径が大きく、ハブ１０のボルト孔１０ａの内周面とボルト５３の外周面との間に摩耗防止材５５が介在している。この実施形態の摩耗防止材５５は、ボルト孔１０ａの内周に嵌合する円筒状である。ボルト５３の締め込みによるハブ１０の繊維強化プラスチック材のクリープ変形を考慮して、摩耗防止材５５が金属材の場合、軸方向寸法はハブ１０の軸方向寸法よりも若干短くしてある。摩耗防止材５５が樹脂材の場合、軸方向寸法は、ハブ１０の軸方向寸法と同じであってもよい。   The bolt holes 10 a of the hub 10 of the water turbine blade 1 have a larger inner diameter than the bolt holes 51 a, 52 a of the flange members 51, 52, and wear is prevented between the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole 10 a of the hub 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the bolt 53. The material 55 is interposed. The wear prevention member 55 of this embodiment has a cylindrical shape that fits inside the bolt hole 10a. In consideration of the creep deformation of the fiber reinforced plastic material of the hub 10 due to the tightening of the bolt 53, when the wear preventing material 55 is a metal material, the axial dimension is slightly shorter than the axial dimension of the hub 10. When the wear prevention member 55 is a resin material, the axial dimension may be the same as the axial dimension of the hub 10.

摩耗防止材５５の材料は、樹脂材または金属材がよい。いずれも加工が容易である。摩耗防止材５５を樹脂材とする場合、不飽和ポリエステル、ビニルエステル、およびエポキシ樹脂のうちのいずれかの熱硬化性樹脂が好ましい。摩耗防止材５５は、金属材であるボルト５３と同一金属とするのが好ましい。異種金属の場合は、いずれか一方または両方の金属材を表面処理することで、電食を回避することができる。   The material of the wear prevention member 55 is preferably a resin material or a metal material. All are easy to process. When the wear preventing material 55 is a resin material, any one of unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, and epoxy resin is preferable. The wear prevention member 55 is preferably made of the same metal as the bolt 53 which is a metal material. In the case of dissimilar metals, electrolytic corrosion can be avoided by surface-treating one or both metal materials.

図３に示すように、水車翼１は、一対のフランジ部材５１，５２と組み合わせたアッセンブリとして、ハブ１０の貫通孔５０に水車軸２０を挿通した状態で、水車軸２０に取り付けられる。具体的には、上流側のフランジ部材５１を水車軸２０の小径部２０ｂの基端に嵌合させ、かつ下流側のフランジ部材５２の筒状部５４を水車軸２０の大径部２０ａに嵌合させる。そして、上流側のフランジ部材５１を大径部２０ａと小径部２０ｂとの段面２０ｄに当接させ、小径部２０ｂの雄ねじ２０ｃに螺着したナット５６により、上流側のフランジ部材５１を水車軸２０に対し軸方向に移動不能に取り付ける。また、水車軸２０の大径部２０ａおよび下流側のフランジ部材５２の筒状部５４に設けられたキー溝にキー５７を係合させることで、下流側のフランジ部材５２を水車軸２０に回転不能に取り付ける。   As shown in FIG. 3, the water turbine blade 1 is attached to the water wheel axle 20 as an assembly combined with a pair of flange members 51 and 52 with the water wheel axle 20 inserted through the through hole 50 of the hub 10. Specifically, the upstream flange member 51 is fitted to the base end of the small diameter portion 20b of the water wheel shaft 20, and the cylindrical portion 54 of the downstream flange member 52 is fitted to the large diameter portion 20a of the water wheel shaft 20. Combine. Then, the upstream flange member 51 is brought into contact with the stepped surface 20d of the large diameter portion 20a and the small diameter portion 20b, and the upstream flange member 51 is screwed to the male screw 20c of the small diameter portion 20b. Attached so that it cannot move in the axial direction with respect to 20. Further, by engaging the key 57 with the key groove provided in the large diameter portion 20 a of the water wheel shaft 20 and the cylindrical portion 54 of the downstream flange member 52, the downstream flange member 52 is rotated to the water wheel shaft 20. Attach impossible.

＜水車翼取付け構造の作用＞
このように、水車翼１のハブ１０のボルト孔１０ａの内周面とボルト５３の外周面との間に摩耗防止材５５を介在させたことにより、ボルト５３がボルト孔１０ａの内周面に接触しなくなる。そのため、水車翼１が水から受けるスラスト方向の変動荷重が発生しても、ボルト孔１０ａの内周面表層部の摩耗を防止できる。その結果、水車翼１の材料である繊維強化プラスチック材の内部への水の浸透が抑制され、水車翼１の材料劣化による強度低下を防止することができる。 <Operation of the turbine blade mounting structure>
As described above, the abrasion preventing material 55 is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole 10a of the hub 10 of the water turbine blade 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the bolt 53, so that the bolt 53 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole 10a. No contact. Therefore, even if the thrust direction fluctuating load which the water turbine blade 1 receives from water is generated, it is possible to prevent abrasion of the inner peripheral surface layer portion of the bolt hole 10a. As a result, permeation of water into the fiber reinforced plastic material, which is the material of the turbine blade 1, is suppressed, and a decrease in strength due to deterioration of the material of the turbine blade 1 can be prevented.

また、摩耗防止材５５が円筒状であるため、摩耗防止材５５自体の加工が容易であるだけでなく、ボルト孔１０ａの加工も容易である。このため、低コストで水車翼１の強度低下防止を実現できる。   Further, since the wear prevention member 55 is cylindrical, not only the processing of the wear prevention member 55 itself, but also the processing of the bolt hole 10a is easy. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the strength of the turbine blade 1 from being reduced at low cost.

特に、摩耗防止材５５が金属材である場合、摩耗防止材５５の方が水車翼１の繊維強化プラスチック材よりも硬度が高いため、ボルト孔１０ａに対して摩耗防止材５５が動くことで、ボルト孔１０ａの内周面表層部が摩耗する可能性がある。これを防ぐために、摩耗防止材５５が動かないように、ボルト孔１０ａの内周面に摩耗防止材５５を接着剤により固定してもよい。   In particular, when the wear prevention member 55 is a metal material, the hardness of the wear prevention member 55 is higher than that of the fiber-reinforced plastic material of the water turbine blade 1, so that the wear prevention member 55 moves with respect to the bolt hole 10 a, There is a possibility that the inner layer surface of the bolt hole 10a is worn. In order to prevent this, the wear preventing material 55 may be fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole 10a with an adhesive so that the wear preventing material 55 does not move.

また、水中では、異なる２種の金属間で電食が起きやすい。そこで、摩耗防止材５５が金属材である場合、ボルト５３との電食を回避するために、摩耗防止材５５をボルト５３と同じ金属材（例えばＳＵＳ３０４）とするのが望ましい。   Further, in water, electric corrosion is likely to occur between two different metals. Therefore, when the wear prevention member 55 is a metal material, it is desirable that the wear prevention member 55 be the same metal material (for example, SUS304) as the bolt 53 in order to avoid electric corrosion with the bolt 53.

この実施形態のように、摩耗防止材５５の軸方向寸法をハブ１０の軸方向寸法よりも若干短くしておくと、水車翼１が変動荷重を受けて一対のフランジ部材５１，５２から水車翼１の中心部に対して圧縮力が作用した場合、その圧縮力を摩耗防止材５５が受けてハブ１０に大きな圧縮力かからないようにすることができる。それにより、ハブ１０がクリープ変形することが防止される。ハブ１０のクリープ変形を防止することで、ボルト５３の緩みを防いで、ハブ１０とフランジ部材５１，５２の締付力の低下を回避することができる。   When the axial dimension of the wear preventing member 55 is slightly shorter than the axial dimension of the hub 10 as in this embodiment, the turbine blade 1 receives a fluctuating load, and is moved from the pair of flange members 51, 52 to the turbine blade. When a compressive force acts on the central portion of the hub 10, the wear preventive member 55 receives the compressive force, so that a large compressive force is not applied to the hub 10. This prevents the hub 10 from being creep-deformed. By preventing the creep deformation of the hub 10, the bolt 53 can be prevented from loosening, and a decrease in the tightening force between the hub 10 and the flange members 51, 52 can be avoided.

また、ハブ１０とフランジ部材５１，５２の締付力が確保されているため、水車翼１に交番荷重が作用しても、ハブ１０とフランジ部材５１，５２との間に隙間ができたり、その隙間が閉じたりすることがなく、ハブ１０におけるフランジ部材５１，５２との接触面にフレッティング摩耗が起きない。そのため、ハブ１０の端面から繊維強化プラスチック材の内部へ水が浸透することが抑制され、繊維強化プラスチック材の材料劣化による水車翼１の強度低下を防止することができる。   Further, since the tightening force between the hub 10 and the flange members 51 and 52 is secured, even if an alternating load acts on the water turbine blade 1, a gap is formed between the hub 10 and the flange members 51 and 52, The gap does not close and fretting wear does not occur on the contact surface of the hub 10 with the flange members 51 and 52. Therefore, permeation of water from the end face of the hub 10 to the inside of the fiber reinforced plastic material is suppressed, and a decrease in the strength of the water turbine blade 1 due to deterioration of the material of the fiber reinforced plastic material can be prevented.

［第２の実施形態］
図５は水車翼取付け構造の第２の実施形態を示す。この水車翼取付け構造は、下流側のフランジ部材５２の軸方向内側面にボルト孔５２ａの外周に拡がる断面円形の凹部５８が設けられ、この凹部５８に摩耗防止材５５の上流側端が嵌まり込んでいる。ボルト５３のねじ部５３ａは、ねじ孔であるボルト孔５２ａに螺合している。ねじ部５３ａの基端位置は、凹部５８またはボルト孔５２ａの軸方向範囲内にある。つまり、ボルト５３のねじ部５３ａは、水車翼１よりも軸方向の外側に位置している。これにより、前記実施形態（図４参照）のように、ボルト５３のねじ部５３の一部が摩耗防止部材５５と接触することがなく、摩耗防止部材５５の摩耗が軽減される。 [Second embodiment]
FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the water turbine blade mounting structure. In this water turbine blade mounting structure, a concave portion 58 having a circular cross section that extends to the outer periphery of the bolt hole 52 a is provided on the axially inner side surface of the downstream flange member 52, and the upstream end of the wear prevention member 55 is fitted into the concave portion 58. It is crowded. The screw portion 53a of the bolt 53 is screwed into a bolt hole 52a which is a screw hole. The proximal end position of the screw portion 53a is within the axial range of the recess 58 or the bolt hole 52a. That is, the threaded portion 53a of the bolt 53 is located outside the water turbine blade 1 in the axial direction. Accordingly, unlike the embodiment (see FIG. 4), a part of the screw portion 53 of the bolt 53 does not come into contact with the wear prevention member 55, and the wear of the wear prevention member 55 is reduced.

＜摩耗防止部材の他の例＞
図６は、ボルト５３の外周面に摩耗防止材５５がコーティングにより形成された摩耗防止材一体ボルト５９を示す。コーティングに用いられる樹脂材としては、不飽和ポリエステル、ビニルエステル、およびエポキシ樹脂のうちのいずれかの熱硬化性樹脂が適する。 <Other examples of wear prevention members>
FIG. 6 shows an anti-wear material bolt 59 in which an anti-wear material 55 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bolt 53 by coating. As a resin material used for coating, any one of unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, and epoxy resin is suitable.

ボルト５３と摩耗防止材５５とが別体である場合（図４参照）、ボルト５３と摩耗防止材５５との接触面、および摩耗防止材５５とボルト孔１０ａの内周面との接触面の２つの摺動箇所を有する。これに対し、図６の摩耗防止材一体ボルト５９のように、ボルト５３と摩耗防止材５５とが一体の部品であると、摩耗防止材５５とボルト孔１０ａの内周面との接触面のみが摺動箇所となる。このため、摩耗をより防止できる。   When the bolt 53 and the wear preventive member 55 are separate bodies (see FIG. 4), the contact surface between the bolt 53 and the wear preventive member 55 and the contact surface between the wear preventive member 55 and the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole 10a are formed. It has two sliding points. On the other hand, when the bolt 53 and the abrasion prevention material 55 are integral parts as in the abrasion prevention material integrated bolt 59 of FIG. Is the sliding point. Therefore, wear can be further prevented.

また、ボルト５３の外周面にコーティングにより形成された摩耗防止材５５は、ボルト５３と別体の摩耗防止材５５と比べて、肉厚を薄くすることができる。それにより、ボルト孔１０ａの内径を小さくすることができる。   Further, the thickness of the wear prevention member 55 formed by coating the outer peripheral surface of the bolt 53 can be reduced as compared with the wear prevention member 55 that is separate from the bolt 53. Thus, the inner diameter of the bolt hole 10a can be reduced.

さらに、摩耗防止材５５をボルト５３の外周面にコーティングにより形成することで、ボルト５３と摩耗防止材５５とが一体の部品となり、部品点数を削減することができる。それにより、組立作業性が向上する。   Further, by forming the wear prevention member 55 on the outer peripheral surface of the bolt 53 by coating, the bolt 53 and the wear prevention member 55 become an integral part, and the number of parts can be reduced. Thereby, assembling workability is improved.

［第３の実施形態］
図７に示す第３の実施形態は、前記実施形態と同様、ハブ１０とフランジ部材５１，５２とを固定するボルト５３が、各ボルト孔１０ａ，５１ａ，５２ａにわたって挿通される。そして、ハブ１０のボルト孔１０ａの内周面とボルト５３の外周面との間に摩耗防止材５５が介在している。 [Third Embodiment]
In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a bolt 53 for fixing the hub 10 and the flange members 51 and 52 is inserted through the bolt holes 10a, 51a and 52a, similarly to the above embodiment. A wear prevention member 55 is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole 10 a of the hub 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the bolt 53.

図８に示すように、摩耗防止材５５が金属材の場合、長さはハブ１０の軸方向幅よりも若干短くしてある。詳しくは、以下のように摩耗防止材５５の長さが定められている。すなわち、摩耗防止材５５の長さをl、ハブ１０の軸方向幅をＬとした場合、
ｌ＝Ｌ−ｄｌ・・・（式１）
の関係が成り立つ。ここで、ｄｌは、ハブ１０の弾性変形上限の変位量である。なお、図８ではｄｌの寸法を誇張して表示しているが、実際のｄｌの寸法は視認が困難な程度に微小である。 As shown in FIG. 8, when the wear prevention member 55 is a metal material, the length is slightly shorter than the axial width of the hub 10. Specifically, the length of the wear prevention member 55 is determined as follows. That is, when the length of the wear prevention member 55 is 1 and the axial width of the hub 10 is L,
l = L-dl (Equation 1)
Holds. Here, dl is the displacement amount of the upper limit of the elastic deformation of the hub 10. Although the size of dl is exaggerated in FIG. 8, the actual size of dl is so small that it is difficult to visually recognize it.

このように、摩耗防止材５５の長さｌが式１を満たす長さとされていると、ボルト５３を締め付けた状態で、ハブ１０が弾性変形の上限まで変形する。このため、ボルト５３の締付けが強固となり、ボルト５３がより一層緩み難くなる。   When the length 1 of the wear preventing member 55 satisfies the expression 1, the hub 10 is deformed to the upper limit of the elastic deformation while the bolt 53 is tightened. Therefore, the bolt 53 is firmly tightened, and the bolt 53 is more difficult to be loosened.

摩耗防止材５５を接着剤により固定する場合、図８のように、ボルト孔１０ａの中央部に摩耗防止材５５が位置するように固定するとよい。その場合、ボルト５３の締付けによるハブ１０の弾性変形が軸方向の両側で均等に行われるので好ましい。   When the abrasion preventive member 55 is fixed with an adhesive, the abrasion preventive member 55 may be fixed so that the abrasion preventive member 55 is located at the center of the bolt hole 10a as shown in FIG. In this case, the elastic deformation of the hub 10 due to the tightening of the bolt 53 is preferably performed uniformly on both sides in the axial direction.

［第４の実施形態］
図９に示す第４の実施形態は、水車翼１のハブ１０に締結される一対のフランジ部材５１，５２が、軸方向幅が互いに同じで、かつハブ１０との接触面積が互いに同じとされている。また、図１０（Ａ），（Ｂ）に示すように、各フランジ部材５１，５２におけるハブ１０との接触面の縁に、断面円弧状の面取り部６１，６２が設けられている。面取り部６１，６２は、他の断面形状であってもよい。例えば、２次曲線等の曲線形状であってもよい。場合によっては、直線状に切り欠いた形状であってもよい。 [Fourth embodiment]
In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, a pair of flange members 51, 52 fastened to the hub 10 of the water turbine blade 1 have the same axial width and the same contact area with the hub 10. ing. Further, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, chamfers 61 and 62 having an arc-shaped cross section are provided at the edges of the contact surfaces of the flange members 51 and 52 with the hub 10. The chamfers 61 and 62 may have other cross-sectional shapes. For example, a curve shape such as a quadratic curve may be used. In some cases, the shape may be a linear cutout.

このように、一対のフランジ部材５１，５２の軸方向幅が互いに同じで、かつハブ１０との接触面積が互いに同じであると、ハブ１０が両側のフランジ部材５１，５２から受ける圧縮力の大きさをほぼ同じにすることができるため、ハブ１０と各フランジ部材５１，５２との間に均等な摩擦力が作用し、バランスが良い。また、フランジ部材５１，５２におけるハブ１０との接触面の縁に面取り部６１，６２が設けられていると、エッジロードが軽減され、フレッティング摩耗の発生を防止することができる。   As described above, when the pair of flange members 51 and 52 have the same axial width and the same contact area with the hub 10, the magnitude of the compressive force that the hub 10 receives from the flange members 51 and 52 on both sides is large. Since the heights can be made substantially the same, a uniform frictional force acts between the hub 10 and each of the flange members 51 and 52, and the balance is good. Further, if the chamfered portions 61 and 62 are provided at the edges of the contact surfaces of the flange members 51 and 52 with the hub 10, the edge load can be reduced, and the occurrence of fretting wear can be prevented.

上記各実施形態は、水車翼１がプロペラ水車であり、かつその回転軸心Ｏが水流方向と平行である水力発電装置に適用された水車翼取付け構造を示すが、この発明は、水車翼１の回転軸心Ｏが水流方向と平行でない場合にも適用できる。また、水車翼１がプロペラ水車でない水力発電装置にも適用できる。   Each of the above embodiments shows a turbine blade mounting structure applied to a hydraulic power generator in which the turbine blade 1 is a propeller turbine and the axis of rotation O of which is parallel to the direction of the water flow. Can be applied even when the rotation axis O is not parallel to the water flow direction. Further, the present invention can be applied to a hydraulic power generator in which the turbine blade 1 is not a propeller turbine.

以上、実施例に基づいて本発明を実施するための形態を説明したが、ここで開示した実施の形態はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではない。本発明の範囲は上記した説明ではなくて特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。   The embodiments for carrying out the present invention have been described based on the embodiments. However, the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

１…水車翼
３…発電機
１０…ハブ（貫通孔の外周部）
１０ａ，５１ａ，５２ａ…ボルト孔
１１…羽根
２０…水車軸
５０…貫通孔
５１，５２…フランジ部材
５３…ボルト
５３ａ…ねじ部
５５…摩耗防止材
Ｏ…回転軸心 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydro turbine blade 3 ... Generator 10 ... Hub (the outer peripheral part of a through-hole)
10a, 51a, 52a Bolt hole 11 Blade 20 Water wheel shaft 50 Through hole 51, 52 Flange member 53 Bolt 53a Screw part 55 Wear prevention material O Rotation axis

Claims (11)

繊維強化プラスチック材からなる水車翼と、この水車翼の回転を受けて発電を行う発電機とを備えた水力発電装置における、前記水車翼を水車軸に対して一体回転するように取り付ける水車翼取付け構造であって、
前記水車翼は中心部に貫通孔を有し、この貫通孔に前記水車軸が挿通され、
前記水車翼における前記貫通孔の外周部の両側面に一対のフランジ部材が配置され、前記水車翼および前記一対のフランジ部材に設けられたボルト孔にわたってボルトが挿通され、このボルトにより前記水車翼と前記一対のフランジ部材とが締結され、
前記一対のフランジ部材が前記水車軸に取り付けられ、
前記水車翼の前記ボルト孔の内周面と前記ボルトの外周面との間に摩耗防止材が介在することを特徴とする水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。 In a hydroelectric power generator including a turbine blade made of a fiber-reinforced plastic material and a generator for generating electric power by receiving rotation of the turbine blade, the turbine blade is mounted so that the turbine blade is integrally rotated with respect to the turbine shaft. Structure,
The water turbine blade has a through hole in the center, the water wheel shaft is inserted into this through hole,
A pair of flange members are arranged on both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the through hole in the water turbine blade, and a bolt is inserted through a bolt hole provided in the water turbine blade and the pair of flange members. The pair of flange members are fastened,
The pair of flange members are attached to the water wheel axle,
A turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power plant, wherein a wear preventing member is interposed between an inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole of the turbine blade and an outer peripheral surface of the bolt. 請求項１に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記摩耗防止材は、前記水車翼の前記ボルト孔の内周に嵌合する円筒状である水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   2. The turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power generator according to claim 1, wherein the wear prevention member has a cylindrical shape fitted into an inner circumference of the bolt hole of the turbine blade. 3. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記摩耗防止材は、樹脂材または金属材からなる水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   3. The turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power plant according to claim 1, wherein the wear preventing member is made of a resin material or a metal material. 4. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記摩耗防止材は、不飽和ポリエステル、ビニルエステル、およびエポキシ樹脂のうちのいずれかの熱硬化性樹脂からなる水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   3. The hydraulic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the abrasion preventive member is made of a thermosetting resin selected from the group consisting of unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, and epoxy resin. 4. Water turbine blade mounting structure of the device. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記摩耗防止材は前記ボルトと同一金属からなるか、または、前記摩耗防止材は前記ボルトと異種金属からなり、前記摩耗防止材および前記ボルトの少なくともいずれか一方が耐食処理されている水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   3. The water turbine blade mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein the wear prevention member is made of the same metal as the bolt, or the wear prevention member is made of a metal different from the bolt. 3. A water turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power generator in which at least one of a wear prevention member and the bolt is subjected to a corrosion-resistant treatment. 請求項１ないし請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記水車翼の前記ボルト孔の内周面に前記摩耗防止材が接着剤により固定された水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   The hydraulic power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the abrasion-preventing material is fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the bolt hole of the water turbine blade with an adhesive. Water turbine blade mounting structure of the device. 請求項１ないし請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記ボルトのねじ部が、前記水車翼よりも軸方向の外側に位置している水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   The hydraulic turbine generator mounting structure for a hydraulic turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a screw portion of the bolt is located outside of the turbine blade in an axial direction. Water turbine wing mounting structure. 請求項１に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記摩耗防止材は、前記ボルトの外周面にコーティングにより形成された樹脂材である水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   The turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power plant according to claim 1, wherein the wear preventing member is a resin material formed by coating an outer peripheral surface of the bolt. 請求項８に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記樹脂材は、不飽和ポリエステル、ビニルエステル、およびエポキシ樹脂のうちのいずれかの熱硬化性樹脂である水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   9. The water turbine blade mounting for a hydraulic power plant according to claim 8, wherein the resin material is a thermosetting resin selected from unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, and epoxy resin. Construction. 請求項１ないし請求項９のいずれか１項に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記水車翼は、複数の羽根を有するプロペラ水車である水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   The turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the turbine blade is a propeller turbine having a plurality of blades. 請求項１０に記載の水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造において、前記プロペラ水車である水車翼は、回転軸心が水流方向と平行である水力発電装置の水車翼取付け構造。   11. The turbine blade mounting structure for a hydraulic power plant according to claim 10, wherein the turbine blade as the propeller turbine has a rotation axis parallel to a water flow direction.
JP2018153955A 2018-08-20 2018-08-20 Water turbine blade attaching structure of hydraulic generating apparatus Pending JP2020029774A (en)

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PCT/JP2019/032316 WO2020040097A1 (en) 2018-08-20 2019-08-19 Water turbine mounting structure for hydroelectric power generation device
CN201980054638.4A CN112585346A (en) 2018-08-20 2019-08-19 Water wheel wing mounting structure of hydroelectric generation device
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US20090092495A1 (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-09 Benoit Des Roches Axial flow hydraulic turbine with fixed blades bolted-on
JP2016176413A (en) * 2015-03-20 2016-10-06 株式会社ベルシオン Propeller rotor
US20170241396A1 (en) * 2016-02-18 2017-08-24 Andritz Hydro Gmbh Pelton runner

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6748480B2 (en) 2015-06-19 2020-09-02 Thk株式会社 Vertical axis type hydroelectric power generation unit, Vertical axis type hydroelectric power generation unit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090092495A1 (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-09 Benoit Des Roches Axial flow hydraulic turbine with fixed blades bolted-on
JP2016176413A (en) * 2015-03-20 2016-10-06 株式会社ベルシオン Propeller rotor
US20170241396A1 (en) * 2016-02-18 2017-08-24 Andritz Hydro Gmbh Pelton runner

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