JP2020020244A - Demolition method of building - Google Patents

Abstract

To dismantle each floor safely in order from the lower floor to the upper floor while the building is stably standing in a vertical position with multiple jacks.SOLUTION: A demolition method of building dismantles the whole building 1 by a demolition step in which a plurality of locations on the lower floor of the building 1 are destroyed, jacks 4 are set in the respective destruction sections 3, the building 1 is held in the vertical position with the jacks 4, and then in the lower floor of the building 1 supported by the jacks 4, an area not supported by the jack 4 is dismantled, a lowering step in which after the building 1 is dismantled in the demolition step, the jack 4 is contracted to lower the building 1, and a stretching step to destroy the top of the jack and extend the jack. Further, the respective jacks 4 are connected to each other by a connecting tool 5 and held in a vertical position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for dismantling a building, and more particularly to a method for dismantling a building from a lower floor to an upper floor.

Methods for dismantling buildings from lower floors to upper floors have been developed. (See Patent Document 1)
In this dismantling method, buildings are dismantled in order from the lowest floor to an upper floor. When disassembling each lower floor, remove the part of the wall at multiple places on the lowest floor, set the jack that has been extended to the removed part, hold the building in the vertical position so that the jack does not fall over, and in this state The floor and floor of the lowest floor not supported by jacks were dismantled and removed, and then the jack was shrunk to descend the entire building, and the entire building was lowered to the lowest floor. Remove the part of the wall, set the extended jack, hold the building in a vertical position, and in this state, repeat the process of dismantling and removing the bottom floor etc. that is not supported by the jack, and removing the entire building Disassemble in order from the lower floor to the upper floor and dismantle the whole.

JP-A-4-131469

The above dismantling method has a feature that since the building is dismantled on the lower floor, the dismantling can be safely performed without the need for dismantling work at a high place. However, in this dismantling method, the lower floor of the building is supported by a plurality of jacks so as to prevent the building from falling down, so that if the jack falls down, the building becomes unstable.
The present invention has been developed with the aim of solving the above disadvantages.The important purpose of the present invention is to make a building stand in a vertical position stably with a plurality of jacks while moving from a lower floor to an upper floor. An object of the present invention is to provide a dismantling method of a building in which each floor can be safely dismantled in turn.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  According to the method for dismantling a building according to claim 1 of the present invention, a plurality of locations on the lower floor of the building 1 are destroyed, jacks 4 are set in each of the destroyed portions 3, and the building 1 is supported by the plurality of jacks 4 from below. After the vertical position is maintained, the lower floor of the building 1 supported by the jack 4 is dismantled in an area not supported by the jack 4, and the building 1 is dismantled in the dismantling step. The lowering process of holding the building 1 in a vertical position and lowering the same, and the process of extending the jack 4 supporting the building 1 by breaking the upper portion of the jack 4 and extending the jack 4 to the breaking portion 3. In the method for dismantling a building, the jacks 4 are connected to each other by a connecting tool 5 and held in a vertical posture.

  The above disassembly method has a feature that each floor can be safely disassembled in order from a lower floor to an upper floor while the building is stably standing in a vertical position by a plurality of jacks. The reason is that by connecting a plurality of jacks, each of the jacks is reliably prevented from falling down, and the jack in the vertical position is held so as not to fall down.

The present invention is not limited to a method for dismantling a building, but may have the following configuration.
According to a method of dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 2, by setting the jack 4 at a position supporting the pillar 2 on the lower floor, the pillar is supported by the jack, and The feature is that the walls between them can be dismantled and the building can be dismantled efficiently while maintaining the building in a vertical position stably.

  According to the method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 3, a steel material can be used for the connecting tool 5, and as described in claim 4, the steel material of the connecting tool 5 can be used. Shaped steel can be used. By using steel for the connection tool and further connecting the jack with shaped steel, the jack is firmly connected so that it does not fall down and placed in a vertical position, holding the building so that it does not fall down stably There is a feature that can be dismantled.

  According to the method of dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 5, the connecting tool 5 is arranged along the wall of the building 1 and connected to the jack 4 set at the lower end of the pillar. By connecting the connecting member 5 to the frame shape via the jack 4, the building can be more stably held in the vertical position. This method has an advantage that the building can be safely dismantled by connecting the connecting member in a frame shape, and supporting the jack with the connecting member of the frame so that the jack is not more stably fallen.

  According to a method of dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as set forth in claim 6, the jack 4 is first set to a lower floor of two or more floors, preferably the lower floor, and the lower floor to which the jack 4 is set is set. After the upper layers are disassembled in this order, the floor on which the jack 4 is set last can be dismantled. According to this building dismantling method, since the building is dismantled on two or more lower floors, a dismantling machine or a transport vehicle can be arranged on the first floor, which is the lowest floor, and the work efficiency can be improved. .

  According to a method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, a curing wall 10 for preventing scattering of the building 1 to be dismantled from the first floor of the building 1 to the outside of the floor on which the jack 4 is set, as described in claim 7. And the curing wall 10 is connected to the building 1 and arranged in a vertical position, so that the building 1 can be dismantled from the lower floor to the upper floor in order. This method of dismantling a building has a feature that the curing wall can be stably set to prevent scattering of dismantled objects and noise.

  In a method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 8, a mechanical jack 4 for screwing a male screw rod into a cylindrical body of a female screw hole to expand and contract the male screw rod is used for the jack 4. Thus, the connecting tool 5 can be connected to the cylindrical body. Since this jack mechanically stops the telescopic rod, it has a feature that the building can be more stably held in the vertical position than a jack that expands and contracts the rod with a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.

  According to a method of dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 9, after dismantling the inside of the building 1, the jack 4 is set on the outer peripheral portion of the building to dismantle the outer wall. By dismantling the interior of the building first, the weight of the building is reduced, so that the building can be more stably held in the vertical position.

  According to a method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 10, the floor 13 inside the building 1 is left without being dismantled on the floor where the jack 4 is set, and the building 1 is placed on the floor 13. The disassembly step can be performed by disposing the disassembly weight machine 11 for dismantling. By leaving the floor of the floor on which the jack is set without dismantling, the building becomes independent in a more stable state, so that the upper floor of the building supported by the jack can be more stably held in the vertical position. In addition, since the lifting machine is placed on the floor on which the jack is set, that is, the floor on which the dismantling process is performed, the distance between the lifting machine and the dismantling area, which is not supported by the jack, is short, and a small lifting machine with a short arm is used. Can be dismantled.

  In the method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, an opening hole 14 can be provided in the floor 13 inside the building 1 on the floor where the jack 4 is set, as described in claim 11. Since the dismantled material generated in the dismantling step can be dropped out of the opening hole and carried out, the work in the dismantling step can be performed smoothly.

It is a schematic process drawing showing the process of the dismantling method of the building concerning one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged sectional view of a building in a state where the jack shown in FIG. 1 is set. FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged sectional view of a building in a state where the jacks shown in FIG. 1 are connected by a connecting tool. It is a perspective view which shows a jack and a connection tool. It is a modification of a jack and a coupling tool shown in FIG. It is an outline horizontal sectional view of a building in the state where a jack was connected with a connector. FIG. 2 is a schematic process diagram showing details of a descending step and an elongating step shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic process diagram showing details of a descending step and an elongating step shown in FIG. 1. It is an outline sectional view showing other examples of the dismantling method of the building concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, terms indicating specific directions and positions (for example, “above”, “below”, and other terms including those terms) will be used as necessary. This is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the invention with reference to the drawings, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited by the meaning of those terms. In addition, the same reference numeral in a plurality of drawings indicates the same or equivalent part or member.
Further, the embodiments described below show specific examples of the technical concept of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention to the following. In addition, dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described below are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto, unless otherwise specified, and are exemplified. Intended. Further, what is described in one embodiment or example can be applied to other embodiments or examples. In addition, the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members illustrated in the drawings are exaggerated in some cases in order to make the description clear.

  The dismantling method of a building according to the present invention is mainly adopted as a dismantling method for dismantling buildings such as homes, stores, offices, and the like, and various structures such as reinforced concrete buildings, steel frames, and wooden buildings.

  In the method for dismantling a building of the present invention, a plurality of locations on the lower floor of the building to be demolished are destroyed, jacks are set at each of the destroyed portions, and the building is supported by the plurality of jacks set from below and held in a vertical position. Later, a demolition process of dismantling the area that is not supported by jacks on the lower floor of the building supported by jacks, and a descent process of dismantling the buildings in the demolition process, shrinking the jacks, and lowering the building while maintaining the building in a vertical position Then, the entire building is dismantled by an elongating step of destroying the upper portion of the jack and extending the jack to the destroyed portion to support the building. In the method of dismantling a building according to the present invention, the entire building is dismantled by a dismantling step, a descent step, and an extension step in a state in which a jack is set on a lower floor of the building and the building is supported from below. It is characterized in that the building is more stably held in the vertical position by connecting the members to each other with the connecting tool and holding the building in the vertical position. The step of connecting the jacks to each other is referred to as a connecting step.

  1 to 3 show steps of a building dismantling method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an example in which the building 1 to be demolished is a five-story building, and the lower floor where the jack 4 is set in the building 1 in the extension process is the second floor. The number of floors of a building to be used is not limited, and the invention can be applied to all buildings of two or more floors. The lower floor on which the jack 4 is set is not limited to the second floor, but may be a third floor. In the method of dismantling a building according to the present invention, the lower floor on which the jack 4 is set can be changed according to the number of floors and the structure of the building to be demolished. Preferably, the ground floor is the second to third floors, and more preferably the second floor. And Hereinafter, a dismantling method for dismantling the outer periphery of the building after dismantling the inside of the building in the internal dismantling step will be described in detail.

(Internal dismantling process)
In the internal dismantling process, the inside of the building 1 to be demolished is dismantled and removed, and the inside of the building 1 is hollowed out except for the outer peripheral portion of the building 1. The part to be dismantled in the internal dismantling step is the inside of the building 1 to be dismantled, that is, the ceiling, floor, partition walls, and the like, as indicated by the chain line in FIG. The building 1 whose interior has been dismantled and removed has only a structure located on the outer peripheral portion of the building 1, that is, only the outer wall, the columns 2, the horizontal members, and the like, and has a cylindrical shape. The tubular building 1 has a stable vertical posture even when the jack 4 is set in the jack setting process described later because the total weight of the building 1 is reduced and the weight does not easily vary in plan view. I do. In addition, when a major portion of the structural strength of the building 1 to be demolished is located inside the building 1, the portion is left without being demolished. Further, the floor 13 of the floor on which the jack 4 is set may be left without being dismantled. As will be described later, this is because the work can be smoothly performed in the jack setting step and the disassembly step. However, the internal disassembly step is not necessarily performed. This is because dismantling and removal inside the building can be performed in the dismantling process.

(Jack setting process)
In this step, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of locations on the lower floor of the building 1 to be demolished are destroyed, and the jack 4 is set in the destroyed portion 3. The set jacks 4 hold the building 1 in a vertical posture from below. The place where the jack 4 is set is a place where the building 1 to be demolished can be stably supported. The portion where the building 1 can be stably supported is a main portion in terms of the structural strength of the building 1, such as a wall or a pillar 2. FIG. 1 shows an example in which a jack 4 is set on a pillar 2 on the second floor of a building 1 to be demolished. The lower part of the second-floor pillar 2 on which the jack 4 is set is destroyed, and the jack 4 is set on the broken portion 3 to support the building 1 from below. The set of the jacks 4 uses the curing wall 10 arranged in a curing step described later as a scaffold, but a temporary scaffold may be provided inside the building 1. When the floor 13 is left in the internal dismantling process, the jack 4 is set using the floor 13.

  The jack 4 to be set in the building 1 to be dismantled is for supporting the building 1 from below and holding the building 1 in a vertical position, and is movable vertically so as to be able to expand and contract. The jack 4 which can be self-standing in a vertical posture includes a cylinder part 4A and a telescopic rod 4B which is connected to the cylinder part 4A so as to be extendable and contractible. The jack 4 shown in FIG. 4 includes a cylinder portion 4A which is a cylinder having a female screw hole arranged in a vertical posture, and a male screw-shaped telescopic rod 4B which is inserted into and removed from the cylinder portion 4A in the axial direction. . The jack 4 is a mechanical jack having a structure in which the telescopic rod 4B expands and contracts by screwing the telescopic rod 4B into the cylinder portion 4A. A fixed plate 4C is provided at a lower end of the cylinder portion 4A, and a support plate 4D is provided at an upper end of the telescopic rod 4B. The fixed plate 4C and the support plate 4D are fixed so as to be in a horizontal position with respect to the cylinder portion 4A and the telescopic rod 4B in a vertical position. Thus, the building 1 can be stably supported by the support plate 4D while the jack 4 is stably held in the vertical position. In addition, the mechanical jack mechanically adjusts the expansion and contraction of the telescopic rod 4B, so that the building 1 can be stably supported. However, the jack 4 set in the building 1 is not limited to the jack 4 having the above-described structure, and various structures capable of stably supporting the building 1, such as a hydraulic jack, may be used. it can.

  In the jack setting process of setting the jack 4 having the above structure to the pillar 2 on the second floor of the building 1, as shown by cross-hatching in (2) of FIG. 1 and FIG. The lower part of 2 is destroyed using a tool corresponding to the structure of the building 1. The jack 4 with the telescopic rod 4B extended is set in the breaking portion 3. Therefore, the breaking portion 3 for setting the jack 4 is broken according to the height at which the jack 4 in the extended state can be set. After the lower part of the pillar 2 is destroyed, the jack 4 is set so that the support plate 4D of the jack 4 is located at the lower end of the pillar 2 whose lower part has been destroyed. The setting of the jack 4 is preferably performed immediately after the lower portion of the pillar 2 is destroyed.

  While repeating the destruction of the pillars 2 and the setting of the jacks 4 as described above, all the pillars 2 on the second floor are destroyed and the jacks 4 are set as shown in (3) of FIG. However, the jacks 4 need not be set for all the pillars 2 on the second floor. The number of jacks 4 to be used and the position at which the jacks 4 are set are determined in consideration of the load capacity of each jack 4 and the weight and structural strength of the building 1. For example, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 6, the setting position of the jack 4 may be only the pillar 2 located at the corner of the building 1 to be demolished. This is because the entire building 1 can be supported by setting the jack 4 on the pillar 2 located at the corner.

  However, in some buildings, the position of the pillar 2 connected to the outer wall is deviated in plan view. In this case, the jack 4 may be set at the lower end of the wall by destroying a part of the wall, and the jack 4 may be appropriately adjusted so that the set position is not biased. In some buildings, the position of the pillar 2 differs depending on each floor. For example, when the pillar 2 on the third floor is not arranged immediately above the pillar 2 on the second floor, or conversely, at the place where the wall is arranged on the second floor, the pillar 2 is arranged on a floor higher than the third floor. It is a building with a structure. In this case, the position of the pillar 2 on the upper floor is confirmed, the portion corresponding to the position is destroyed, and the jack 4 can be set in advance.

(Consolidation process)
In the connecting step, the plurality of jacks 4 set at predetermined positions in the jack setting step are connected to each other by the connecting tool 5, and each jack 4 is held in a vertical posture. The plurality of jacks 4 connected to each other by the connecting tool 5 can support the upper floor of the building 1 in a more stable state without tilting.

  The connecting tool 5 is a member for connecting the plurality of jacks 4 set in the building 1 and holding the jacks 4 in a vertical posture. A steel material can be used for the connection tool. The connecting tool 5 shown in FIG. 4 includes a fixing piece 6 fixed to the jack 4 and a connecting frame 7 connecting the fixing pieces 6 fixed to each jack 4. The fixing piece 6 is an angle steel cut to a predetermined length. One connecting piece 6A of this angle steel is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 4A of the jack 4 by welding, and a connecting hole is formed in the other connecting piece 6A. Is provided. The connection frame 7 is made of angle steel having a predetermined length, and has connection holes at both ends in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 1 (4) and FIG. 3, the fixing piece 6 and the connecting frame 7 insert the bolts 8 into the connecting holes provided respectively to connect the connecting frame 7 in the horizontal direction.

  Although the connecting tool 5 shown in FIG. 4 shows an example in which the fixing piece 6 and the connecting frame 7 use angle steel, the connecting tool 5 can use various shapes of shaped steel. For example, if a channel steel is used for the fixing piece 6, positioning when connecting the fixing piece 6 and the connection frame 7 becomes easy. When an H-shaped steel or an I-shaped steel is used for the connecting frame 7, the strength is improved, and the jacks 4 are connected more firmly. The connection tool 5 can select the shape steel to be used according to the distance between the jacks 4, that is, the length of the connection frame 7, and can adjust the strength of the connection tool 5. However, the fixing piece 6 of the connecting tool 5 may not be directly fixed to the jack 4. The connecting tool 5 shown in FIG. 5 is provided with a cylindrical support cylinder 9 having an inner shape substantially equal in size to the outer shape of the cylinder portion 4A of the jack 4, and the fixing piece 6 is fixed to the support cylinder 9. The fixing piece 6 is formed by bending a flat steel of a predetermined length to provide a connecting piece 6A, and fixing one connecting piece 6A to the support cylinder 9. The connection frame 7 is made of flat steel. The support cylinder 9 may be fixed to the jack 4, but by adopting a detachable structure, the jack 4 from which the cover has been removed can be used repeatedly. 4 and 5 has a structure in which a fixing piece 6 is provided on the jack 4 and the fixing piece 6 and the connecting frame 7 are connected to connect the jacks 4 to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Absent. The connecting frame 7 may be directly connected to the jack 4 or the support tube 9 without providing the fixing piece 6 on the jack 4 or the support tube 9.

  The connector 5 having the above structure is arranged along the wall of the building 1. The connecting tool 5 arranged along the wall is connected in a frame shape via the jack 4, and can hold the jack 4 more stably in the vertical position. Although the connecting tool 5 shown in FIG. 6 is arranged along the inner surface of the outer wall of the building 1, it may be arranged along the outer surface of the outer wall. As shown in FIG. 5, by adjusting the length of the connecting piece 6A of the fixing piece 6 fixed to the cylinder portion 4A of the jack 4 and the support cylinder 9, the connecting frame 7 is formed along the outer surface of the outer wall of the building 1. The connector 5 can be arranged while disposing the. By disposing the connecting tool 5 outside the building 1, a dismantling operation in a disassembling step described later can be performed more smoothly. The number of the fixing pieces 6 fixed to the jack 4 and the fixing position of the connecting tool 5 having a structure to be connected in a frame shape vary depending on the setting position of the jack 4, but in the radial direction or the tangential direction of the cylinder portion 4A of the jack 4. Then, the fixing piece 6 is fixed so that the longitudinal direction of the connecting piece 6A provided with the connecting hole coincides with the direction along the wall of the building 1.

  Furthermore, the connecting tool 5 can be connected and fixed to the building 1 via the connecting frame 7. By connecting the connecting tool 5 connected in a frame shape to the building 1 further, the jack 4 is more stably held in the vertical position. The connection frame 7 is connected to a structure immediately below the floor on which the jack 4 is set. The connection frame 7 connected to the structure of the building 1 is stably held in the horizontal direction. The connection frame 7 connected to the building 1 is also useful when the distance between the set jacks 4 is long in the horizontal direction. The connection frame 7 is formed to have a length corresponding to the distance between the jacks 4 to be connected. However, the connection frame 7 having a long length may have its central portion bent downward due to its own weight. By connecting the connection frame 7 to the building 1, the adverse effect can be prevented.

(Dismantling process)
In the dismantling process, an area not supported by the jack 4 is dismantled on the lower floor of the building 1 on which the jack 4 has been set in the jack setting process. The portion to be dismantled in the dismantling step is a region not supported by the set jack 4 on the second floor where the jack 4 is set, as indicated by cross hatching in (5) of FIG. That is, the outer peripheral portion of the building 1 such as the outer wall and the horizontal member between the columns 2 supported by the jack 4 is dismantled. In the dismantling process, the outer periphery of the building 1 is dismantled on one floor of the floor on which the jack is set at one time, but may be performed in a plurality of times. When the disassembly step is performed in a plurality of times, the disassembly is performed by a predetermined height from the lower end of the disassembly area. Then, after performing a descending step and an elongating step, which will be described later, the predetermined height is disassembled again, and by repeating these, the disassembly area for one layer is dismantled. The method of performing the dismantling process in a plurality of times is that the upper floor of the building 1 is supported by the jack 4 while the outer peripheral portion of the building 1 is left, so that the building 1 is more stably held in the vertical position. Can be. When the internal dismantling process described above is not performed, the dismantling inside the building 1 directly above the floor on which the jack 4 is set is also performed in this dismantling process. The building 1 dismantled in the dismantling process is in a state shown in (6) of FIG.

  In the dismantling process, as shown in (5) of FIG. 1, the floor on which the jack 4 is set from the inside of the building 1 is dismantled using the dismantling machine 11 arranged inside the first floor of the building 1. Arranging the dismantling machine 11 inside the first floor of the building 1 has various advantages in dismantling the building 1. For example, even in a location condition in which the place where the dismantling machine 11 is arranged cannot be secured around the building 1 to be dismantled, the dismantling machine 11 can be arranged inside the building 1, so that there is no trouble in the construction. In addition, since the dismantling is performed from inside the building 1, scattering of dust and the like generated during the dismantling around the building 1 can be suppressed. However, as shown in FIG. 9, the weight release machine 11 may be arranged on the floor where the jack 4 is set. In this case, in the above-mentioned internal dismantling process, the dismantling machine 11 is arranged on the second floor 13 that has been left without being dismantled. By disposing the weight-removing machine 11 on the same floor as the floor on which the jack 4 is set, it is possible to disassemble using a smaller weight-removing machine. This is because the floor on which the weighing machine 11 is arranged is dismantled, so that a weighing machine with a short arm can be used. The remaining floor 13 is provided with an opening hole 14 of a predetermined size in a part thereof. Below this opening hole 14, an unloading vehicle 12 for unloading waste materials and the like generated in the dismantling process is arranged. Thereby, the waste material generated in the dismantling process can be dropped from the opening hole 14 and directly loaded on the carry-out vehicle. It takes time and labor to transport waste materials generated on the second floor to the first floor where the unloading vehicle 12 is arranged. However, since this transport work can be omitted, the building can be dismantled more smoothly. . In addition, by disposing the unloading vehicle 12 inside the building 1, it is possible to prevent dust and the like generated when loading waste materials into the unloading vehicle 12 from scattering around the building 1. However, the opening hole 14 does not necessarily need to be provided. This is because an opening may be provided on the floor depending on the structure of the building to be demolished. In this case, the waste material can be carried out using the existing opening.

(Descent process, extension process)
In the descending step, all the jacks 4 set are contracted together to hold the building 1 in a vertical posture and descend. Further, in the extension step, after descending the building 1, the upper part of the jack 4 is destroyed in order to provide the destruction part 3, and the jack 4 is extended to hold the building 1 in the vertical posture. In the extension step, the upper part of one jack 4 is destroyed, the jack 4 is extended and supported by the amount of the fracture, and the upper part of the adjacent jack is destroyed to extend the jack 4. In this way, by extending the jacks 4 one by one in order, it is possible to hold the building 1 in a vertical posture and extend all the jacks 4.

  By repeating the expansion and contraction of the jack 4 in the descending step and the elongating step, the one floor of the second floor on which the jack 4 is set is lowered while the building 1 is maintained in the vertical posture. Details of the descending step and the elongating step are shown in FIGS. 7A shows a state in which the lower floor on which the jacks 4 are set is dismantled in the dismantling process, and FIG. 7B shows a state in which all the jacks 4 set in the extended state in the jack 4 setting process are shrunk. FIG. 7 (3) shows a state in which the breaking portion 3 is provided by breaking the area above the area supported by the jack 4, FIG. 8 (4) shows a state where the jack 4 is extended, and FIG. 5) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the extended jacks 4 are contracted, and FIG. 8 (6) is a schematic sectional view showing a state in which one level of the lower floor on which the jacks 4 are set has been lowered.

  In the descending step and the extending step, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, first, all the jacks 4 in the extended state set in the jack setting step are contracted. Next, the upper portion of the jack 4 is destroyed in a region supported by the jack 4. That is, the breaking portion 3 is provided by cutting and removing the pillar 2 supported by the jack 4. The cut area of the pillar 2 is shown by cross-hatching in (3) of FIG. The pillar 2 is cut by cutting the lower end of the pillar 2 according to the length of the telescopic rod 4B of the jack 4 that can be extended, and removing the cut portion. Then, as shown in FIG. 8 (4), the extensible rod 4B of the jack 4 is extended, and the cut lower end of the column 2 is supported by the jack 4. For all the pillars 2 on which the jacks 4 are set, the lower ends of the pillars 2 are cut and the jacks 4 are extended one by one in order. After all the jacks 4 have been extended, as shown in FIG. 8 (5), all the extended jacks 4 are contracted, and the entire building 1 is lowered. As described above, the descending step and the elongating step involve the destruction of the upper portion of the jack 4 in the region supported by the jack 4 and the elongation and contraction of the jack 4 shown in (3) of FIG. 7 to (5) of FIG. By repeating, the floor of the second floor on which the jack 4 is set is lowered, and the entire building 1 is lowered.

  In the building 1 in which the second floor on which the jack 4 is set is dismantled and the whole is lowered by the above steps, the lower end of the pillar 2 on the third floor is supported by the jack 4 as shown in FIG. The building 1 in which the pillars 2 on the third floor are supported by the jacks 4 is dismantled on the third floor in a dismantling process, a descent process and an extension process. Similarly, the building 1 that has been demolished on the 4th and 5th floors has only the first floor, which is the second floor directly below the second floor on which the jack 4 is set, as shown in (8) of FIG. Remove all jacks 4 and connectors 5. The building 1 from which the jacks 4 and the like have been removed is dismantled by the dismantling machine 11.

(Curing process)
In the curing process, a curing wall 10 is disposed outside the building 1 to be demolished to prevent scattering of dust and the like generated during the demolishing work. In the curing process, as shown in (2) of FIG. 1, the curing wall 10 is arranged from the first floor of the building 1 to be demolished to the outside of the second floor where the jack 4 is set in the jack setting process. The curing wall 10 has a supporting member disposed along the outer periphery of the building 1 to be demolished, and a sheet for preventing scattering of dust and the like is connected to the supporting member to form the curing wall 10. As the support member, a single pipe made of metal or the like is used, and the single pipes are connected in a grid at predetermined intervals, and are arranged in a vertical posture with respect to the building 1. The support member arranged in the vertical posture is connected to the building 1 in order to prevent collapse or the like. In addition, this support member can be used as a temporary scaffold and can be used conveniently. The sheet connected to the support member is a sheet for preventing flying stones and dust generated when the building 1 is dismantled and for preventing noise, and uses a curing sheet. The curing wall 10 may use a soundproof panel or the like that effectively prevents noise, in addition to the curing sheet. The type of the curing wall 10 to be arranged is selected in consideration of the location conditions and the like of the building 1 to be demolished.

A demolition procedure of the building 1 to be demolished in each of the above steps will be described with reference to FIG. Note that an example will be described in which the building 1 to be demolished has five floors, the lower floor on which the jack 4 is set is the second floor, and the jack 4 supports the pillar 2 on the second floor.
(1) Internal Demolition Step As shown in (1) of FIG. 1, on all floors of the building 1 to be demolished, equipment and interior materials are removed, and floors and ceilings are demolished to hollow the interior of the building 1.
(2) Curing Step As shown in (2) of FIG. 1, a curing wall 10 is installed outside the hollowed building 1. The curing wall 10 is arranged in a vertical posture so as to cover the first to second floor portions of the building 1 and is connected to the building 1. In addition, the curing wall 10 is installed, and the weighing machine 11 is arranged on the first floor inside the building 1.
(3) Jack setting process As shown in (2), (3) of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the lower part of the pillar 2 on the second floor of the building 1 is destroyed, and the jack 4 is immediately set on the breaking portion 3. . The jack 4 is set at the lower end of the pillar 2 that has been broken in an extended state. Therefore, the breaking portion 3 breaks so that the jack 4 in the extended state can be set. In all the pillars 2 on the second floor, the destruction of the lower part of the pillar 2 and the setting of the jack 4 are repeated in order.
(4) Connecting Step As shown in FIG. 1 (4) and FIG. 3, all the jacks 4 set are connected by the connecting tool 5. The fixing piece 6 fixed to the jack 4 and the connection frame 7 are connected by bolts 8. The jacks 4 connected by the connecting tool 5 are held in a vertical posture, and the building 1 to be supported stably stands by itself.
(5) Dismantling Step As shown in (5) of FIG. 1, the second floor portion on which the jack 4 is set is dismantled. The place where the dismantling is performed is an area not supported by the jack 4 and is an outer peripheral portion of the building 1 such as an outer wall between the pillars 2. The second floor part is dismantled by the dismantling machine arranged on the first floor. In the second floor portion of the building 1 whose outer periphery has been dismantled, only the pillars 2 supported by the jacks 4 remain.
(6) Lowering Step As shown in (1) and (2) of FIG. 7, all the jacks 4 set in the extended state are contracted, and the entire building 1 is lowered.
(7) Extension Step As shown in (3) of FIG. 7, in a state where all the jacks 4 are contracted, the lower part of the column 2 located above the jacks 4 is cut by a length that allows the jacks 4 to extend. I do. Immediately after cutting the pillar 2, the jack 4 is extended to support the cut lower end of the pillar 2. The cutting of the pillars 2 and the extension of the jacks 4 are sequentially performed on all the pillars 2 on which the jacks 4 are set, one by one, and the building is maintained in a vertical posture.
(8) Lowering Step As shown in (4) and (5) of FIG. 7, all the jacks 4 are contracted together to lower the building 1. Further, by repeating the extension step of (7) and the descending step of (8), the building 1 is descended on the first floor of the second floor.
(9) As shown in (6) of FIG. 7, in the building 1 in which the first floor of the second floor has been lowered, the jacks 4 that have been set support the lower ends of the pillars 2 on the third floor. Thereafter, the steps (5) to (8) are further repeated to disassemble the third floor to the fifth floor of the building 1, and then remove the set jack 4 and the connecting tool 5.
(10) As shown in (8) of FIG. 1, the first floor of the building 1 is dismantled by the dismantling machine 11, the curing wall 10 is removed, and the dismantling work is completed.

Next, a dismantling procedure of the building 1 when the floor of the lower floor where the jack 4 is set is left will be described. Similar to the above-described dismantling procedure, an example will be described in which the building 1 to be dismantled has five floors, the lower floor on which the jack 4 is set is the second floor, and the jack 4 supports the pillar 2 on the second floor.
(1) Internal Demolition Step In the building 1 to be demolished, equipment and interior materials are removed, and floors and ceilings are demolished. At this time, only the floor 13 on the second floor where the jack 4 is set remains. An opening hole 14 having a predetermined size is provided on the floor 13 on the second floor.
(2) Curing process A curing wall 10 is installed outside the hollowed building 1. The curing wall 10 is arranged in a vertical posture so as to cover the first to second floor portions of the building 1 and is connected to the building 1. In addition, the curing wall 10 is installed, and the weight release machine 11 is arranged on the remaining floor of the second floor of the building 1.
(3) Jack setting process The lower part of the pillar 2 on the second floor of the building 1 is destroyed, and the jack 4 is immediately set on the destroyed portion 3. The jack 4 is set at the lower end of the pillar 2 that has been broken in an extended state. The breaking unit 3 breaks the extended jack 4 so that the jack 4 can be set. In all the columns 2 on the second floor, the destruction of the lower portion of the column 2 and the setting of the jack 4 are repeated.
(4) Connecting Step All the set jacks 4 are connected with the connecting tool 5. The jacks 4 connected by the connecting tool 5 are held in a vertical posture, and the building 1 to be supported stably stands by itself.
(5) Demolition Step As shown in FIG. 9, the outer peripheral portion of the building 1 in a region not supported by the jack 4 is demolished on the second floor portion where the jack 4 is set. Since this disassembly is performed by the dismantling machine 11 arranged on the second floor, a small dismantling machine can be used. In addition, the unloading vehicle 12 is arranged on the first floor of the building 1 and below the opening 14 provided on the second floor. Waste materials and the like sequentially generated in the dismantling process are dropped from the opening holes 14 and are directly loaded on the unloading vehicle 12. The disassembly operation by the dismantling machine 11 and the unloading operation of waste materials and the like are repeated to dismantle the outer peripheral portion of the second floor.
(6) Lowering process After dismantling the outer peripheral portion of the second floor on which the jacks 4 are set, all the set jacks 4 are contracted, and the entire building is lowered.
(7) Extension Step With all jacks 4 contracted, the lower part of pillar 2 is cut by a length that jacks 4 can extend. Immediately after cutting the pillar 2, the jack 4 is extended to support the cut lower end of the pillar 2. The cutting of the pillars 2 and the extension of the jacks 4 are sequentially performed on all the pillars 2 on which the jacks 4 are set, one by one, and the building is maintained in a vertical posture.
(8) Lowering process The building 1 is lowered by contracting all the jacks 4 together. By repeating the steps of (7) and (8), one level of the second floor is descended.
(9) In the building 1 in which the first floor of the second floor has been lowered, the set jack 4 supports the lower end of the pillar 2 on the third floor. Thereafter, the steps (5) to (8) are further repeated, and the third to fifth floors of the building 1 are dismantled, and then the set jack 4 is removed.
(10) The first floor of the building 1 is dismantled by the dismantling machine 11, the curing wall 10 is removed, and the dismantling work is completed.

  The building dismantling method of the present invention can be used for safely dismantling a building.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Building 2 ... Column 3 ... Breaking part 4 ... Jack 4A ... Cylinder part 4B ... Telescopic rod 4C ... Fixing plate 4D ... Support plate 5 ... Connecting tool 6 ... Fixing piece 6A ... Connecting piece 7 ... Connecting frame 8 ... Bolt 9 ... Support tube 10 ... Healing wall 11 ... Breaking weight machine 12 ... Unloading vehicle 13 ... Floor 14 ... Opening hole

The present invention relates to a method for dismantling a building, and more particularly to a method for dismantling a building in order from a lower floor .

Methods of dismantling buildings from lower floors to higher floors have been developed. (See Patent Document 1)
In this dismantling method, buildings are dismantled in order from the first floor to an upper floor. At some of the lowest floors to be dismantled, a part of the wall is removed and a jack that has been extended is set in the removal section, the jack is held in a vertical position so that the building does not fall down, and in this state it is supported by the jack Dismantle and remove the walls and floors of the lowest floor , then shrink the jack and descend the entire building, and with the entire building lowered, part of the wall that became the lowest floor Then, set the extended jack and hold the building in a vertical position.In this state, repeat the process of dismantling and removing the bottom floor etc. that is not supported by the jack, and repeat the entire building to the lower floor Disassemble in order from the upper floor to dismantle the whole.

JP-A-4-131469

In the above dismantling method, the building is dismantled from the lower floor, so that there is a feature that the dismantling can be safely performed without the need for dismantling work at a high place. However, in this disassembly method, the floor below the building is supported by a plurality of jacks so as to prevent the building from falling down, so that if the jack falls down, the building becomes unstable.
The present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving the above disadvantages.The important purpose of the present invention is to stabilize a building in a vertical position with a plurality of jacks, from the lower floor to the upper floor . It is an object of the present invention to provide a dismantling method for a building in which each floor can be safely dismantled in turn.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

According to the method for dismantling a building according to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of jacks are set on each of the destroyed portions by destroying a plurality of locations on the same floor of the building, and the building is supported by the plurality of jacks from below. After the floor 1 is held in a vertical position, the floor supported by the jack 4 is dismantled in a region not supported by the jack 4, and the building 1 is dismantled in the dismantling process. a reducing step of lowering holding the 1 in a vertical position, it extends the jack 4 to the lesion 3 to destroy the upper jacks 4 consists of a step of stretching the jacks 4 which supports the building 1, these steps By repeating this , the plurality of jacks 4 supporting a plurality of locations in the building are connected to each other by the connecting tool 5 and held in a vertical posture in a building dismantling method for dismantling the entire building 1.

The above dismantling method has a feature that each floor can be safely dismantled in order from a lower floor to an upper floor while the building is stably standing in a vertical position by a plurality of jacks. The reason is that by connecting a plurality of jacks, each of the jacks is reliably prevented from falling down, and the jack in the vertical position is held so as not to fall down.

The present invention is not limited to a method for dismantling a building, but may have the following configuration.
According to a method of dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 2, by setting the jack 4 at a position supporting the pillar 2 of the building, the pillar is supported by the jack, and The feature is that the wall can be dismantled and the building can be dismantled efficiently while maintaining the building in a vertical position stably.

  According to the method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 3, a steel material can be used for the connecting tool 5, and as described in claim 4, the steel material of the connecting tool 5 can be used. Shaped steel can be used. By using steel for the connection tool and further connecting the jack with shaped steel, the jack is firmly connected so that it does not fall down and placed in a vertical position, holding the building so that it does not fall down stably There is a feature that can be dismantled.

  According to the method of dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 5, the connecting tool 5 is arranged along the wall of the building 1 and connected to the jack 4 set at the lower end of the pillar. By connecting the connecting member 5 to the frame shape via the jack 4, the building can be more stably held in the vertical position. This method has an advantage that the building can be safely dismantled by connecting the connecting member in a frame shape, and supporting the jack with the connecting member of the frame so that the jack is not more stably fallen.

According to a method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as set forth in claim 6, the jack 4 is first set on two or more floors , preferably on the second floor, and the jack 4 is set from the floor on which the jack 4 is set. After the upper layers are disassembled in order, the floor on which the jack 4 is set last can be disassembled. Disassembling method of this building, for performing the dismantling of the building on the second floor or floors, on the ground floor, to be able to place the dismantling heavy equipment and transportation vehicles, thereby improving the working efficiency.

According to a method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, a curing wall 10 for preventing scattering of the building 1 to be dismantled from the first floor of the building 1 to the outside of the floor on which the jack 4 is set, as described in claim 7. was placed, and disposed in a vertical position by connecting the cured wall 10 in a building 1, it is possible to dismantle the upper floors in order to building 1 from the lower floor. This method of dismantling a building has a feature that the curing wall can be stably set to prevent scattering of dismantled objects and noise.

  In a method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 8, a mechanical jack 4 for screwing a male screw rod into a cylindrical body of a female screw hole to expand and contract the male screw rod is used for the jack 4. Thus, the connecting tool 5 can be connected to the cylindrical body. Since this jack mechanically stops the telescopic rod, it has a feature that the building can be more stably held in the vertical position than a jack that expands and contracts the rod with a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.

  According to a method of dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 9, after dismantling the inside of the building 1, the jack 4 is set on the outer peripheral portion of the building to dismantle the outer wall. By dismantling the interior of the building first, the weight of the building is reduced, so that the building can be more stably held in the vertical position.

  According to a method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 10, the floor 13 inside the building 1 is left without being dismantled on the floor where the jack 4 is set, and the building 1 is placed on the floor 13. The disassembly step can be performed by disposing the disassembly weight machine 11 for dismantling. By leaving the floor of the floor on which the jack is set without dismantling, the building becomes independent in a more stable state, so that the upper floor of the building supported by the jack can be more stably held in the vertical position. In addition, since the lifting machine is placed on the floor on which the jack is set, that is, the floor on which the dismantling process is performed, the distance between the lifting machine and the dismantling area, which is not supported by the jack, is short, and a small lifting machine with a short arm is used. Can be dismantled.

  In the method for dismantling a building according to an aspect of the present invention, an opening hole 14 can be provided in the floor 13 inside the building 1 on the floor where the jack 4 is set, as described in claim 11. Since the dismantled material generated in the dismantling step can be dropped out of the opening hole and carried out, the work in the dismantling step can be performed smoothly.

It is a schematic process drawing showing the process of the dismantling method of the building concerning one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged sectional view of a building in a state where the jack shown in FIG. 1 is set. FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged sectional view of a building in a state where the jacks shown in FIG. 1 are connected by a connecting tool. It is a perspective view which shows a jack and a connection tool. It is a modification of a jack and a coupling tool shown in FIG. It is an outline horizontal sectional view of a building in the state where a jack was connected with a connector. FIG. 2 is a schematic process diagram showing details of a descending step and an elongating step shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic process diagram showing details of a descending step and an elongating step shown in FIG. 1. It is an outline sectional view showing other examples of the dismantling method of the building concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, terms indicating specific directions and positions (for example, “above”, “below”, and other terms including those terms) will be used as necessary. This is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the invention with reference to the drawings, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited by the meaning of those terms. In addition, the same reference numeral in a plurality of drawings indicates the same or equivalent part or member.
Further, the embodiments described below show specific examples of the technical concept of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention to the following. In addition, dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described below are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto, unless otherwise specified, and are exemplified. Intended. Further, what is described in one embodiment or example can be applied to other embodiments or examples. In addition, the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members illustrated in the drawings are exaggerated in some cases in order to make the description clear.

  The dismantling method of a building according to the present invention is mainly adopted as a dismantling method for dismantling buildings such as homes, stores, offices, and the like, and various structures such as reinforced concrete buildings, steel frames, and wooden buildings.

In the method of dismantling a building of the present invention, a plurality of locations on the same floor of the building to be demolished are destroyed, jacks are set at each of the destroyed portions, the building is supported by the plurality of jacks set from below, and is held in a vertical position. after the dismantling step to dismantle the region not supported by the jack in the floors that are supported by the jack, and lowering step of lowering while keeping the building demolition process after dismantling, to contract the jack building in vertical position, the jack The entire building is dismantled in a stretching step in which the upper portion of the building is destroyed and the jack is extended to the breaking portion to support the building. Disassembling method of building of the present invention, in a state of supporting the building set the jack downstairs of the building from below, by the dismantling step and reducing step and the extension step is to dismantle the entire building, further multiple buildings The jacks set and supported at different locations are connected to each other by a connecting tool and held in a vertical position, whereby the building is more stably held in the vertical position. The step of connecting the jacks to each other is referred to as a connecting step.

1 to 3 show steps of a building dismantling method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1, the building 1 to be dismantled and 5 floors, although the floor you set the jack 4 to the building 1 in the elongation step shows an example of the second floor, disassembling method of building of the invention, dismantling The number of floors of a building to be used is not limited, and the invention can be applied to all buildings of two or more floors. The floor on which the jack 4 is set is not limited to the second floor, but may be the third floor. In the building dismantling method of the present invention, the floor on which the jack 4 is set can be changed according to the number of floors and the structure of the building to be dismantled, but is preferably two to three floors on the ground floor, and more preferably two floors. I do. Hereinafter, a dismantling method for dismantling the outer periphery of the building after dismantling the inside of the building in the internal dismantling step will be described in detail.

(Internal dismantling process)
In the internal dismantling process, the inside of the building 1 to be demolished is dismantled and removed, and the inside of the building 1 is hollowed out except for the outer peripheral portion of the building 1. The part to be dismantled in the internal dismantling step is the inside of the building 1 to be dismantled, that is, the ceiling, floor, partition walls, and the like, as indicated by the chain line in FIG. The building 1 whose interior has been dismantled and removed has only a structure located on the outer peripheral portion of the building 1, that is, only the outer wall, the columns 2, the horizontal members, and the like, and has a cylindrical shape. The tubular building 1 has a stable vertical posture even when the jack 4 is set in the jack setting process described later because the total weight of the building 1 is reduced and the weight does not easily vary in plan view. I do. In addition, when a major portion of the structural strength of the building 1 to be demolished is located inside the building 1, the portion is left without being demolished. Further, the floor 13 of the floor on which the jack 4 is set may be left without being dismantled. As will be described later, this is because the work can be smoothly performed in the jack setting step and the disassembly step. However, the internal disassembly step is not necessarily performed. This is because dismantling and removal inside the building can be performed in the dismantling process.

(Jack setting process)
In this step, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of locations on the same floor of the building 1 to be demolished are destroyed, and the jacks 4 are set in the destroyed portions 3. The set jacks 4 hold the building 1 in a vertical posture from below. The place where the jack 4 is set is a place where the building 1 to be demolished can be stably supported. The portion where the building 1 can be stably supported is a main portion in terms of the structural strength of the building 1, such as a wall or a pillar 2. FIG. 1 shows an example in which a jack 4 is set on a pillar 2 on the second floor of a building 1 to be demolished. The lower part of the second-floor pillar 2 on which the jack 4 is set is destroyed, and the jack 4 is set on the broken portion 3 to support the building 1 from below. The set of the jacks 4 uses the curing wall 10 arranged in a curing step described later as a scaffold, but a temporary scaffold may be provided inside the building 1. When the floor 13 is left in the internal dismantling process, the jack 4 is set using the floor 13.

  The jack 4 to be set in the building 1 to be dismantled is for supporting the building 1 from below and holding the building 1 in a vertical position, and is movable vertically so as to be able to expand and contract. The jack 4 which can be self-standing in a vertical posture includes a cylinder part 4A and a telescopic rod 4B which is connected to the cylinder part 4A so as to be extendable and contractible. The jack 4 shown in FIG. 4 includes a cylinder portion 4A which is a cylinder having a female screw hole arranged in a vertical posture, and a male screw-shaped telescopic rod 4B which is inserted into and removed from the cylinder portion 4A in the axial direction. . The jack 4 is a mechanical jack having a structure in which the telescopic rod 4B expands and contracts by screwing the telescopic rod 4B into the cylinder portion 4A. A fixed plate 4C is provided at a lower end of the cylinder portion 4A, and a support plate 4D is provided at an upper end of the telescopic rod 4B. The fixed plate 4C and the support plate 4D are fixed so as to be in a horizontal position with respect to the cylinder portion 4A and the telescopic rod 4B in a vertical position. Thus, the building 1 can be stably supported by the support plate 4D while the jack 4 is stably held in the vertical position. In addition, the mechanical jack mechanically adjusts the expansion and contraction of the telescopic rod 4B, so that the building 1 can be stably supported. However, the jack 4 set in the building 1 is not limited to the jack 4 having the above-described structure, and various structures capable of stably supporting the building 1, such as a hydraulic jack, may be used. it can.

  In the jack setting process of setting the jack 4 having the above structure to the pillar 2 on the second floor of the building 1, as shown by cross-hatching in (2) of FIG. 1 and FIG. The lower part of 2 is destroyed using a tool corresponding to the structure of the building 1. The jack 4 with the telescopic rod 4B extended is set in the breaking portion 3. Therefore, the breaking portion 3 for setting the jack 4 is broken according to the height at which the jack 4 in the extended state can be set. After the lower part of the pillar 2 is destroyed, the jack 4 is set so that the support plate 4D of the jack 4 is located at the lower end of the pillar 2 whose lower part has been destroyed. The setting of the jack 4 is preferably performed immediately after the lower portion of the pillar 2 is destroyed.

  While repeating the destruction of the pillars 2 and the setting of the jacks 4 as described above, all the pillars 2 on the second floor are destroyed and the jacks 4 are set as shown in (3) of FIG. However, the jacks 4 need not be set for all the pillars 2 on the second floor. The number of jacks 4 to be used and the position at which the jacks 4 are set are determined in consideration of the load capacity of each jack 4 and the weight and structural strength of the building 1. For example, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 6, the setting position of the jack 4 may be only the pillar 2 located at the corner of the building 1 to be demolished. This is because the entire building 1 can be supported by setting the jack 4 on the pillar 2 located at the corner.

  However, in some buildings, the position of the pillar 2 connected to the outer wall is deviated in plan view. In this case, the jack 4 may be set at the lower end of the wall by destroying a part of the wall, and the jack 4 may be appropriately adjusted so that the set position is not biased. In some buildings, the position of the pillar 2 differs depending on each floor. For example, when the pillar 2 on the third floor is not arranged immediately above the pillar 2 on the second floor, or conversely, at the place where the wall is arranged on the second floor, the pillar 2 is arranged on a floor higher than the third floor. It is a building with a structure. In this case, the position of the pillar 2 on the upper floor is confirmed, the portion corresponding to the position is destroyed, and the jack 4 can be set in advance.

(Consolidation process)
In the connecting step, the plurality of jacks 4 set at predetermined positions in the jack setting step are connected to each other by the connecting tool 5, and each jack 4 is held in a vertical posture. The plurality of jacks 4 connected to each other by the connecting tool 5 can support the upper floor of the building 1 in a more stable state without tilting.

  The connecting tool 5 is a member for connecting the plurality of jacks 4 set in the building 1 and holding the jacks 4 in a vertical posture. A steel material can be used for the connection tool. The connecting tool 5 shown in FIG. 4 includes a fixing piece 6 fixed to the jack 4 and a connecting frame 7 connecting the fixing pieces 6 fixed to each jack 4. The fixing piece 6 is an angle steel cut to a predetermined length. One connecting piece 6A of this angle steel is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 4A of the jack 4 by welding, and a connecting hole is formed in the other connecting piece 6A. Is provided. The connection frame 7 is made of angle steel having a predetermined length, and has connection holes at both ends in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 1 (4) and FIG. 3, the fixing piece 6 and the connecting frame 7 insert the bolts 8 into the connecting holes provided respectively to connect the connecting frame 7 in the horizontal direction.

  Although the connecting tool 5 shown in FIG. 4 shows an example in which the fixing piece 6 and the connecting frame 7 use angle steel, the connecting tool 5 can use various shapes of shaped steel. For example, if a channel steel is used for the fixing piece 6, positioning when connecting the fixing piece 6 and the connection frame 7 becomes easy. When an H-shaped steel or an I-shaped steel is used for the connecting frame 7, the strength is improved, and the jacks 4 are connected more firmly. The connection tool 5 can select the shape steel to be used according to the distance between the jacks 4, that is, the length of the connection frame 7, and can adjust the strength of the connection tool 5. However, the fixing piece 6 of the connecting tool 5 may not be directly fixed to the jack 4. The connecting tool 5 shown in FIG. 5 is provided with a cylindrical support cylinder 9 having an inner shape substantially equal in size to the outer shape of the cylinder portion 4A of the jack 4, and the fixing piece 6 is fixed to the support cylinder 9. The fixing piece 6 is formed by bending a flat steel of a predetermined length to provide a connecting piece 6A, and fixing one connecting piece 6A to the support cylinder 9. The connection frame 7 is made of flat steel. The support cylinder 9 may be fixed to the jack 4, but by adopting a detachable structure, the jack 4 from which the cover has been removed can be used repeatedly. 4 and 5 has a structure in which a fixing piece 6 is provided on the jack 4 and the fixing piece 6 and the connecting frame 7 are connected to connect the jacks 4 to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Absent. The connecting frame 7 may be directly connected to the jack 4 or the support tube 9 without providing the fixing piece 6 on the jack 4 or the support tube 9.

  The connector 5 having the above structure is arranged along the wall of the building 1. The connecting tool 5 arranged along the wall is connected in a frame shape via the jack 4, and can hold the jack 4 more stably in the vertical position. Although the connecting tool 5 shown in FIG. 6 is arranged along the inner surface of the outer wall of the building 1, it may be arranged along the outer surface of the outer wall. As shown in FIG. 5, by adjusting the length of the connecting piece 6A of the fixing piece 6 fixed to the cylinder portion 4A of the jack 4 and the support cylinder 9, the connecting frame 7 is formed along the outer surface of the outer wall of the building 1. The connector 5 can be arranged while disposing the. By disposing the connecting tool 5 outside the building 1, a dismantling operation in a disassembling step described later can be performed more smoothly. The number of the fixing pieces 6 fixed to the jack 4 and the fixing position of the connecting tool 5 having a structure to be connected in a frame shape vary depending on the setting position of the jack 4, but in the radial direction or the tangential direction of the cylinder portion 4A of the jack 4. Then, the fixing piece 6 is fixed so that the longitudinal direction of the connecting piece 6A provided with the connecting hole coincides with the direction along the wall of the building 1.

  Furthermore, the connecting tool 5 can be connected and fixed to the building 1 via the connecting frame 7. By connecting the connecting tool 5 connected in a frame shape to the building 1 further, the jack 4 is more stably held in the vertical position. The connection frame 7 is connected to a structure immediately below the floor on which the jack 4 is set. The connection frame 7 connected to the structure of the building 1 is stably held in the horizontal direction. The connection frame 7 connected to the building 1 is also useful when the distance between the set jacks 4 is long in the horizontal direction. The connection frame 7 is formed to have a length corresponding to the distance between the jacks 4 to be connected. However, the connection frame 7 having a long length may have its central portion bent downward due to its own weight. By connecting the connection frame 7 to the building 1, the adverse effect can be prevented.

(Dismantling process)
The dismantling process, disassembling Oite the floor equipped with a jack 4 jack setting step, a region not supported by the jack 4. The portion to be dismantled in the dismantling step is a region not supported by the set jack 4 on the second floor where the jack 4 is set, as indicated by cross hatching in (5) of FIG. That is, the outer peripheral portion of the building 1 such as the outer wall and the horizontal member between the columns 2 supported by the jack 4 is dismantled. In the dismantling process, the outer periphery of the building 1 is dismantled on one floor of the floor on which the jack is set at one time, but may be performed in a plurality of times. When the disassembly step is performed in a plurality of times, the disassembly is performed by a predetermined height from the lower end of the disassembly area. Then, after performing a descending step and an elongating step, which will be described later, the predetermined height is disassembled again, and by repeating these, the disassembly area for one layer is dismantled. The method of performing the dismantling process in a plurality of times is that the upper floor of the building 1 is supported by the jack 4 while the outer peripheral portion of the building 1 is left, so that the building 1 is more stably held in the vertical position. Can be. When the internal dismantling process described above is not performed, the dismantling inside the building 1 directly above the floor on which the jack 4 is set is also performed in this dismantling process. The building 1 dismantled in the dismantling process is in a state shown in (6) of FIG.

  In the dismantling process, as shown in (5) of FIG. 1, the floor on which the jack 4 is set from the inside of the building 1 is dismantled using the dismantling machine 11 arranged inside the first floor of the building 1. Arranging the dismantling machine 11 inside the first floor of the building 1 has various advantages in dismantling the building 1. For example, even in a location condition in which the place where the dismantling machine 11 is arranged cannot be secured around the building 1 to be dismantled, the dismantling machine 11 can be arranged inside the building 1, so that there is no trouble in the construction. In addition, since the dismantling is performed from inside the building 1, scattering of dust and the like generated during the dismantling around the building 1 can be suppressed. However, as shown in FIG. 9, the weight release machine 11 may be arranged on the floor where the jack 4 is set. In this case, in the above-mentioned internal dismantling process, the dismantling machine 11 is arranged on the second floor 13 that has been left without being dismantled. By disposing the weight-removing machine 11 on the same floor as the floor on which the jack 4 is set, it is possible to disassemble using a smaller weight-removing machine. This is because the floor on which the weighing machine 11 is arranged is dismantled, so that a weighing machine with a short arm can be used. The remaining floor 13 is provided with an opening hole 14 of a predetermined size in a part thereof. Below this opening hole 14, an unloading vehicle 12 for unloading waste materials and the like generated in the dismantling process is arranged. Thereby, the waste material generated in the dismantling process can be dropped from the opening hole 14 and directly loaded on the carry-out vehicle. It takes time and labor to transport waste materials generated on the second floor to the first floor where the unloading vehicle 12 is arranged. However, since this transport work can be omitted, the building can be dismantled more smoothly. . In addition, by disposing the unloading vehicle 12 inside the building 1, it is possible to prevent dust and the like generated when loading waste materials into the unloading vehicle 12 from scattering around the building 1. However, the opening hole 14 does not necessarily need to be provided. This is because an opening may be provided on the floor depending on the structure of the building to be demolished. In this case, the waste material can be carried out using the existing opening.

(Descent process, extension process)
In the descending step, all the jacks 4 set are contracted together to hold the building 1 in a vertical posture and descend. Further, in the extension step, after descending the building 1, the upper part of the jack 4 is destroyed in order to provide the destruction part 3, and the jack 4 is extended to hold the building 1 in the vertical posture. In the extension step, the upper part of one jack 4 is destroyed, the jack 4 is extended and supported by the amount of the fracture, and the upper part of the adjacent jack is destroyed to extend the jack 4. In this way, by extending the jacks 4 one by one in order, it is possible to hold the building 1 in a vertical posture and extend all the jacks 4.

By repeating the expansion and contraction of the jack 4 in the descending step and the elongating step, the one floor of the second floor on which the jack 4 is set is lowered while the building 1 is maintained in the vertical posture. Details of the descending step and the elongating step are shown in FIGS. 7A shows a state in which the floor on which the jacks 4 are set is dismantled in the dismantling process, and FIG. 7B shows a state in which all the jacks 4 set in the extended state in the jack 4 setting process are shrunk. FIG. 7 (3) shows a state in which the breaking portion 3 is provided by breaking the area above the area supported by the jack 4, FIG. 8 (4) shows a state where the jack 4 is extended, and FIG. 5) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which all the jacks 4 that have been expanded are contracted, and FIG. 8 (6) is a state in which one level of the floor on which the jacks 4 are set has been lowered.

  In the descending step and the extending step, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, first, all the jacks 4 in the extended state set in the jack setting step are contracted. Next, the upper portion of the jack 4 is destroyed in a region supported by the jack 4. That is, the breaking portion 3 is provided by cutting and removing the pillar 2 supported by the jack 4. The cut area of the pillar 2 is shown by cross-hatching in (3) of FIG. The pillar 2 is cut by cutting the lower end of the pillar 2 according to the length of the telescopic rod 4B of the jack 4 that can be extended, and removing the cut portion. Then, as shown in FIG. 8 (4), the extensible rod 4B of the jack 4 is extended, and the cut lower end of the column 2 is supported by the jack 4. For all the pillars 2 on which the jacks 4 are set, the lower ends of the pillars 2 are cut and the jacks 4 are extended one by one in order. After all the jacks 4 have been extended, as shown in FIG. 8 (5), all the extended jacks 4 are contracted, and the entire building 1 is lowered. As described above, the descending step and the elongating step involve the destruction of the upper portion of the jack 4 in the region supported by the jack 4 and the elongation and contraction of the jack 4 shown in (3) of FIG. 7 to (5) of FIG. By repeating, the floor of the second floor on which the jack 4 is set is lowered, and the entire building 1 is lowered.

  In the building 1 in which the second floor on which the jack 4 is set is dismantled and the whole is lowered by the above steps, the lower end of the pillar 2 on the third floor is supported by the jack 4 as shown in FIG. The building 1 in which the pillars 2 on the third floor are supported by the jacks 4 is dismantled on the third floor in a dismantling process, a descent process and an extension process. Similarly, the building 1 that has been demolished on the 4th and 5th floors has only the first floor, which is the second floor directly below the second floor on which the jack 4 is set, as shown in (8) of FIG. Remove all jacks 4 and connectors 5. The building 1 from which the jacks 4 and the like have been removed is dismantled by the dismantling machine 11.

(Curing process)
In the curing process, a curing wall 10 is disposed outside the building 1 to be demolished to prevent scattering of dust and the like generated during the demolishing work. In the curing process, as shown in (2) of FIG. 1, the curing wall 10 is arranged from the first floor of the building 1 to be demolished to the outside of the second floor where the jack 4 is set in the jack setting process. The curing wall 10 has a supporting member disposed along the outer periphery of the building 1 to be demolished, and a sheet for preventing scattering of dust and the like is connected to the supporting member to form the curing wall 10. As the support member, a single pipe made of metal or the like is used, and the single pipes are connected in a grid at predetermined intervals, and are arranged in a vertical posture with respect to the building 1. The support member arranged in the vertical posture is connected to the building 1 in order to prevent collapse or the like. In addition, this support member can be used as a temporary scaffold and can be used conveniently. The sheet connected to the support member is a sheet for preventing flying stones and dust generated when the building 1 is dismantled and for preventing noise, and uses a curing sheet. The curing wall 10 may use a soundproof panel or the like that effectively prevents noise, in addition to the curing sheet. The type of the curing wall 10 to be arranged is selected in consideration of the location conditions and the like of the building 1 to be demolished.

A demolition procedure of the building 1 to be demolished in each of the above steps will be described with reference to FIG. Incidentally, the building 1 to dismantle the five-story, second floor the floors to set the jack 4, further jack 4 for an example to support the second floor of the column 2 will be described.
(1) Internal Demolition Step As shown in (1) of FIG. 1, on all floors of the building 1 to be demolished, equipment and interior materials are removed, and floors and ceilings are demolished to hollow the interior of the building 1.
(2) Curing Step As shown in (2) of FIG. 1, a curing wall 10 is installed outside the hollowed building 1. The curing wall 10 is arranged in a vertical posture so as to cover the first to second floor portions of the building 1 and is connected to the building 1. In addition, the curing wall 10 is installed, and the weighing machine 11 is arranged on the first floor inside the building 1.
(3) Jack setting process As shown in (2), (3) of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the lower part of the pillar 2 on the second floor of the building 1 is destroyed, and the jack 4 is immediately set on the breaking portion 3. . The jack 4 is set at the lower end of the pillar 2 that has been broken in an extended state. Therefore, the breaking portion 3 breaks so that the jack 4 in the extended state can be set. In all the pillars 2 on the second floor, the destruction of the lower part of the pillar 2 and the setting of the jack 4 are repeated in order.
(4) Connecting Step As shown in FIG. 1 (4) and FIG. 3, all the jacks 4 set are connected by the connecting tool 5. The fixing piece 6 fixed to the jack 4 and the connection frame 7 are connected by bolts 8. The jacks 4 connected by the connecting tool 5 are held in a vertical posture, and the building 1 to be supported stably stands by itself.
(5) Dismantling Step As shown in (5) of FIG. 1, the second floor portion on which the jack 4 is set is dismantled. The place where the dismantling is performed is an area not supported by the jack 4 and is an outer peripheral portion of the building 1 such as an outer wall between the pillars 2. The second floor part is dismantled by the dismantling machine arranged on the first floor. In the second floor portion of the building 1 whose outer periphery has been dismantled, only the pillars 2 supported by the jacks 4 remain.
(6) Lowering Step As shown in (1) and (2) of FIG. 7, all the jacks 4 set in the extended state are contracted, and the entire building 1 is lowered.
(7) Extension Step As shown in (3) of FIG. 7, in a state where all the jacks 4 are contracted, the lower part of the column 2 located above the jacks 4 is cut by a length that allows the jacks 4 to extend. I do. Immediately after cutting the pillar 2, the jack 4 is extended to support the cut lower end of the pillar 2. The cutting of the pillars 2 and the extension of the jacks 4 are sequentially performed on all the pillars 2 on which the jacks 4 are set, one by one, and the building is maintained in a vertical posture.
(8) Descent process
As shown in (4) and (5) of FIG. 8 , all the jacks 4 are contracted together, and the building 1 is lowered. Further, by repeating the extension step of (7) and the descending step of (8), the building 1 is descended on the first floor of the second floor.
(9) As shown in (6) of FIG. 8 , in the building 1 in which the first floor of the second floor has been lowered, the set jack 4 supports the lower end of the pillar 2 on the third floor. Thereafter, the steps (5) to (8) are further repeated to disassemble the third floor to the fifth floor of the building 1, and then remove the set jack 4 and the connecting tool 5.
(10) As shown in (8) of FIG. 1, the first floor of the building 1 is dismantled by the dismantling machine 11, the curing wall 10 is removed, and the dismantling work is completed.

Next, a procedure for dismantling the building 1 when the floor of the floor on which the jack 4 is set is left will be described. Similar to the disassembly procedure described above, an example will be described in which the building 1 to be dismantled has five floors, the jack 4 is set on the second floor, and the jack 4 supports the pillar 2 on the second floor.
(1) Internal Demolition Step In the building 1 to be demolished, equipment and interior materials are removed, and floors and ceilings are demolished. At this time, only the floor 13 on the second floor where the jack 4 is set remains. An opening hole 14 having a predetermined size is provided on the floor 13 on the second floor.
(2) Curing process A curing wall 10 is installed outside the hollowed building 1. The curing wall 10 is arranged in a vertical posture so as to cover the first to second floor portions of the building 1 and is connected to the building 1. In addition, the curing wall 10 is installed, and the weight release machine 11 is arranged on the remaining floor of the second floor of the building 1.
(3) Jack setting process The lower part of the pillar 2 on the second floor of the building 1 is destroyed, and the jack 4 is immediately set on the destroyed portion 3. The jack 4 is set at the lower end of the pillar 2 that has been broken in an extended state. The breaking unit 3 breaks the extended jack 4 so that the jack 4 can be set. In all the columns 2 on the second floor, the destruction of the lower portion of the column 2 and the setting of the jack 4 are repeated.
(4) Connecting Step All the set jacks 4 are connected with the connecting tool 5. The jacks 4 connected by the connecting tool 5 are held in a vertical posture, and the building 1 to be supported stably stands by itself.
(5) Demolition Step As shown in FIG. 9, the outer peripheral portion of the building 1 in a region not supported by the jack 4 is demolished on the second floor portion where the jack 4 is set. Since this disassembly is performed by the dismantling machine 11 arranged on the second floor, a small dismantling machine can be used. In addition, the unloading vehicle 12 is arranged on the first floor of the building 1 and below the opening 14 provided on the second floor. Waste materials and the like sequentially generated in the dismantling process are dropped from the opening holes 14 and are directly loaded on the unloading vehicle 12. The disassembly operation by the dismantling machine 11 and the unloading operation of waste materials and the like are repeated to dismantle the outer peripheral portion of the second floor.
(6) Lowering process After dismantling the outer peripheral portion of the second floor on which the jacks 4 are set, all the set jacks 4 are contracted, and the entire building is lowered.
(7) Extension Step With all jacks 4 contracted, the lower part of pillar 2 is cut by a length that jacks 4 can extend. Immediately after cutting the pillar 2, the jack 4 is extended to support the cut lower end of the pillar 2. The cutting of the pillars 2 and the extension of the jacks 4 are sequentially performed on all the pillars 2 on which the jacks 4 are set, one by one, and the building is maintained in a vertical posture.
(8) Lowering process The building 1 is lowered by contracting all the jacks 4 together. By repeating the steps of (7) and (8), one level of the second floor is descended.
(9) In the building 1 in which the first floor of the second floor has been lowered, the set jack 4 supports the lower end of the pillar 2 on the third floor. Thereafter, the steps (5) to (8) are further repeated, and the third to fifth floors of the building 1 are dismantled, and then the set jack 4 is removed.
(10) The first floor of the building 1 is dismantled by the dismantling machine 11, the curing wall 10 is removed, and the dismantling work is completed.

  The building dismantling method of the present invention can be used for safely dismantling a building.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Building 2 ... Column 3 ... Breaking part 4 ... Jack 4A ... Cylinder part 4B ... Telescopic rod 4C ... Fixing plate 4D ... Support plate 5 ... Connecting tool 6 ... Fixing piece 6A ... Connecting piece 7 ... Connecting frame 8 ... Bolt 9 ... Support tube 10 ... Healing wall 11 ... Breaking weight machine 12 ... Unloading vehicle 13 ... Floor 14 ... Opening hole

Claims (11)

After destroying multiple places on the lower floor of the building and setting jacks at each destroyed part, supporting the building from below with multiple jacks and holding it in a vertical position,
A dismantling step of dismantling an area not supported by the jack, which is a lower floor of a building supported by the jack,
After dismantling the building in the dismantling step, a descending step in which the jack is contracted to hold the building in a vertical position and descend,
A method for dismantling a building in which the entire building is dismantled in a step of extending the jack to a destruction portion by destroying an upper portion of the jack and supporting the building by extending the jack,
A method of dismantling a building, wherein the jacks are connected to each other by a connecting tool and held in a vertical posture.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the jack is set at a position where the jack supports a pillar on a lower floor.   The method for dismantling a building according to claim 1, wherein a steel material is used for the connection tool.   The method for dismantling a building according to claim 3, wherein a shaped steel is used for the connection tool.   The said connecting tool is arrange | positioned along the wall of a building, It connects with the said jack set at the lower end of a pillar, The said connecting tool connects with the frame shape via the said jack. 5. The method for dismantling a building according to any one of the above items 4 to 4.   The jack is first set on a lower floor of two or more floors, and upper layers are sequentially disassembled from the lower floor on which the jack is set, and then the floor on which the jack is set is finally disassembled. Item 6. The method for dismantling a building according to any one of Items 1 to 5.   On the outside of the floor where the jack is set from the first floor of the building, arrange a curing wall to prevent scattering of the building to be dismantled, connect the curing wall to the building and arrange it in a vertical position, and move the building from the lower floor 7. The method of dismantling a building according to claim 6, wherein the upper floors are dismantled in order.   The said jack is connected to the said cylindrical body using the mechanical jack which screws an externally threaded rod into the cylindrical body of a female screw hole in the said jack, and expands and contracts the externally threaded rod. Demolition method of building described in.   The dismantling method of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein after dismantling the inside of the building, the jack is set on an outer peripheral portion of the building and the outer wall is dismantled.   The floor on which the jack is set, the floor inside the building is left without being dismantled, and a dismantling machine for dismantling the building is arranged on the floor, and the dismantling step is performed. Demolition method of building described in crab.   The building dismantling method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein an opening hole is provided in a floor inside the building on a floor where the jack is set.

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