JP2020019034A - Press molding method - Google Patents
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- JP2020019034A JP2020019034A JP2018143133A JP2018143133A JP2020019034A JP 2020019034 A JP2020019034 A JP 2020019034A JP 2018143133 A JP2018143133 A JP 2018143133A JP 2018143133 A JP2018143133 A JP 2018143133A JP 2020019034 A JP2020019034 A JP 2020019034A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、天板部と縦壁部とを有し、該縦壁部に外側に凸となる段差部が形成されたプレス成形品を成形するプレス成形方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a press-forming method for forming a press-formed product having a top plate portion and a vertical wall portion, and a step portion projecting outward on the vertical wall portion.
金属板のプレス成形には、しばしば高い形状精度が要求される。しかしながら、プレス成形下死点における残留応力がプレス成形品のプレス成形金型からの離型時に解放されることでスプリングバックと呼ばれる弾性戻り変形が発生し、該プレス成形品の形状精度が悪化することがしばしば発生する。このようなスプリングバックによる形状精度の悪化は、曲げ成形においても発生するものである。
そのため、これまでに、曲げ成形されたプレス成形品のスプリングバックを低減する様々な技術が提案されている。例えば、特許文献１には、金属素板の曲げ加工時に生じるスプリングバックを矯正しながら所定の曲げ角に屈曲させる技術が開示されている。
Press forming of metal sheets often requires high shape accuracy. However, when the residual stress at the bottom dead center of the press-formed product is released when the press-formed product is released from the press-forming die, an elastic return deformation called springback occurs, and the shape accuracy of the press-formed product deteriorates. Things often happen. Such deterioration in shape accuracy due to springback also occurs in bending.
Therefore, various techniques for reducing springback of a press-formed product formed by bending have been proposed. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a technique in which a metal plate is bent at a predetermined bending angle while correcting a springback generated at the time of bending.
本発明で成形対象とするプレス成形品５０は、図８に例示するように、天板部５１と、天板部５１から曲がり部５３を介して連続する縦壁部５５とを有し、縦壁部５５においては段差部５７から先端側の面部５５ａと曲がり部５３側の面部５５ｂとの間に外側に凸となる段差部５７が形成されている。なお、図８は天板部５１の中心を対称面として1/2の領域を表示したものであり、プレス成形品５０は、断面コ字形状のものである。 As illustrated in FIG. 8, the press-formed product 50 to be formed in the present invention has a top plate portion 51 and a vertical wall portion 55 continuous from the top plate portion 51 via a bent portion 53. In the wall portion 55, a step portion 57 that protrudes outward is formed between the surface portion 55 a on the distal end side and the surface portion 55 b on the bent portion 53 side from the step portion 57. FIG. 8 illustrates a half area with the center of the top plate 51 as a plane of symmetry, and the press-formed product 50 has a U-shaped cross section.
このようなプレス成形品５０は、離型時において、縦壁部５５で壁反りのスプリングバックが生じ、離型後のプレス成形品５０は、その目標形状から乖離するという問題があった。特に、プレス成形品５０の縦壁部５５が他の部品と接合する部位となっている場合にあっては、縦壁部５５においては特に高い形状精度が求められる。
しかしながら、特許文献１に開示されている技術は、上記のように縦壁部に段差部が形成されたプレス成形品を対象としたものではなかったため、当該技術では、段差部が形成された縦壁部のスプリングバックを抑制することはできなかった。
Such a press-formed product 50 has a problem in that, at the time of mold release, springback of wall warp occurs in the vertical wall portion 55, and the press-formed product 50 after release deviates from its target shape. In particular, when the vertical wall portion 55 of the press-formed product 50 is a portion to be joined to other parts, the vertical wall portion 55 requires particularly high shape accuracy.
However, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is not directed to a press-formed product having a stepped portion formed on a vertical wall portion as described above. The spring back of the wall could not be suppressed.
本発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、縦壁部に外側に凸となる段差部が形成されたプレス成形品の離型後におけるスプリングバックを低減するプレス成形方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and a press-forming method for reducing a springback after releasing a press-formed product in which a stepped portion that is convex outward on a vertical wall portion is formed. The aim is to provide a method.
発明者は、図８に示すようなプレス成形品５０に壁反りのスプリングバックが生じる原因について鋭意検討した。 The inventor has studied diligently about the cause of the springback of the wall warpage in the press-formed product 50 as shown in FIG.
従来、プレス成形品５０は、例えば図９に示すような、パンチ側天板成形面部６１とパンチ肩Ｒ部６３とパンチ側縦壁成形面部６５とを有し、パンチ側縦壁成形面部６５にパンチ側段差形成部６７が設けられたパンチ６０と、ダイ側縦壁成形面部２１とダイ肩Ｒ部２３とを有し、ダイ側縦壁成形面部２１にダイ側段差形成部２５が設けられたダイ２０と、パッド３０と、を備えたプレス成形金型３を用いて成形されていた。なお、図９は、成形開始（図９（ａ））から成形下死点（図９（ｄ））までのダイ２０の動作と、これに伴う金属板４０の変形を図示したものである。 Conventionally, a press-formed product 50 has a punch-side top plate forming surface portion 61, a punch shoulder R portion 63, and a punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 65, as shown in FIG. A punch 60 provided with a punch-side step forming portion 67, a die-side vertical wall forming surface portion 21, and a die shoulder R portion 23. The die-side step forming portion 25 was provided on the die-side vertical wall forming surface portion 21. Molding was performed using a press mold 3 having a die 20 and a pad 30. FIG. 9 illustrates the operation of the die 20 from the start of molding (FIG. 9A) to the bottom dead center of molding (FIG. 9D) and the deformation of the metal plate 40 accompanying the operation.
このようなプレス成形金型３を用いて成形したプレス成形品５０を離型すると、図７に示す曲がり部５３における弾性回復による角度変化に加えて、縦壁部５５における壁反りといったスプリングバックが発生する。 When the press-formed product 50 formed using such a press-forming mold 3 is released from the mold, in addition to the angle change due to the elastic recovery at the bent portion 53 shown in FIG. appear.
曲がり部５３における角度変化は、縦壁部５５に段差部５７が形成されていないプレス成形品（図示なし）においても生じるものである。縦壁部５５における壁反りは、段差部５７により縦壁部５５に段差形状が付与されたプレス成形品５０に特有のスプリングバックである。 The angle change in the bent portion 53 also occurs in a press-formed product (not shown) in which the vertical wall portion 55 has no stepped portion 57 formed therein. The wall warpage in the vertical wall portion 55 is a springback unique to the press-formed product 50 in which the vertical wall portion 55 is provided with a stepped shape by the stepped portion 57.
段差部５７が形成された縦壁部５５に壁反りが生じる理由を、図１０に示す成形過程における金属板４０の変形挙動に基づいて説明する。 The reason why the wall warp occurs in the vertical wall portion 55 where the step portion 57 is formed will be described based on the deformation behavior of the metal plate 40 in the forming process shown in FIG.
プレス成形金型３を用いてプレス成形品５０をプレス成形する場合、パッド３０により金属板４０をパンチ６０のパンチ側天板成形面部６１に押さえ付けた状態で、ダイ２０をパンチ６０側に相対移動させると、まず、ダイ２０のダイ肩Ｒ部２３が金属板４０の表面に当接し（図１０（ａ））、パンチ側縦壁成形面部６５におけるパンチ肩Ｒ部６３側の成形面部６５ａとダイ側縦壁成形面部２１におけるダイ肩Ｒ部２３側の成形面部２１ａとの間に隙間が形成された状態で、金属板４０は、パンチ肩Ｒ部６３に沿うように曲げられる（図１０（ｂ））。 When press-molding the press-formed product 50 using the press-molding mold 3, the die 20 is moved toward the punch 60 while the metal plate 40 is pressed against the punch-side top plate forming surface 61 of the punch 60 by the pad 30. When it is moved, first, the die shoulder R portion 23 of the die 20 comes into contact with the surface of the metal plate 40 (FIG. 10A), and the forming surface 65 a of the punch side vertical wall forming surface 65 on the punch shoulder R portion 63 side. In a state where a gap is formed between the die-side vertical wall forming surface portion 21 and the forming surface portion 21a on the die shoulder R portion 23 side, the metal plate 40 is bent along the punch shoulder R portion 63 (FIG. 10 ( b)).
そして、パンチ側縦壁成形面部６５における成形面部６５ｂとダイ側段差形成部２５におけるダイ肩Ｒ部２３側の成形面部２１ａとで金属板４０が挟持され、該挟持された状態でダイ側段差形成部２５のＲ部２５ａが金属板４０に当接し、金属板４０は曲げ変形を受ける（図１０（ｃ））。 The metal plate 40 is sandwiched between the forming surface 65b of the punch-side vertical wall forming surface 65 and the forming surface 21a of the die-side step forming portion 25 on the side of the die shoulder R portion 23, and a die-side step is formed in the sandwiched state. The R portion 25a of the portion 25 contacts the metal plate 40, and the metal plate 40 undergoes bending deformation (FIG. 10C).
その後、ダイ２０がパンチ６０側に相対移動すると、前記曲げ変形を受けた部位は、パンチ側縦壁成形面部６５の成形面部６５ａとダイ側縦壁成形面部２１の成形面部２１ａとで挟持されて曲げ戻し変形を受けると共に、金属板４０におけるダイ側段差形成部２５のＲ部２５ａが新たに当接する部位は新たな曲げ変形を受ける（図１０（ｄ）、（ｅ））。 Thereafter, when the die 20 relatively moves to the punch 60 side, the portion subjected to the bending deformation is sandwiched between the forming surface portion 65a of the punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 65 and the forming surface portion 21a of the die-side vertical wall forming surface portion 21. While undergoing the bending-back deformation, the portion of the metal plate 40 where the R portion 25a of the die-side step forming portion 25 newly contacts undergoes a new bending deformation (FIGS. 10D and 10E).
さらにその後、ダイ２０を成形下死点まで相対移動させると、パンチ側段差形成部６７とダイ側段差形成部２５とで段差部５７が形成される（図１０（ｆ））。このようにプレス成形されたプレス成形品５０は、縦壁部５５における段差部５７よりも曲がり部５３側の面部５５ｂ（図８参照）においては、成形過程における曲げ／曲げ戻し変形が起因となる壁反りのスプリングバックが発生する。 Thereafter, when the die 20 is relatively moved to the bottom dead center of the molding, a step 57 is formed by the punch-side step forming section 67 and the die-side step forming section 25 (FIG. 10F). In the press-formed product 50 thus press-formed, the bending / unbending deformation in the forming process is caused in the surface portion 55b (see FIG. 8) of the vertical wall portion 55 closer to the bent portion 53 than the stepped portion 57. Springback of wall warpage occurs.
そして、例えば、プレス成形品５０の面部５５ａと面部５５ｂとが平行（図８においてΔθ＝0°）なものを目標形状としてプレス成形した場合であっても、面部５５ｂに壁反りのスプリングバックが発生すると、図８に示すように、面部５５ａと面部５５ｂとの間に角度差（Δθ≠0°）が生じ、目標形状から乖離してしまう。 And, for example, even when the surface portion 55a and the surface portion 55b of the press-formed product 50 are press-formed with the target shape being parallel (Δθ = 0 ° in FIG. 8), spring back of the wall warp is generated on the surface portion 55b. When this occurs, as shown in FIG. 8, an angle difference (Δθ ≠ 0 °) occurs between the surface portion 55a and the surface portion 55b, deviating from the target shape.
そこで、本発明者は、段差部５７が形成された縦壁部５５の成形過程における曲げ／曲げ戻し変形を小さくする方法を鋭意検討した。その結果、成形過程においてダイ側段差形成部２５のＲ部２５ａによる金属板４０の曲げ変形の曲率半径が大きくなるようにすることで、金属板４０における縦壁部５５に相当する部位の曲げ／曲げ戻し変形量を小さくし、縦壁部５５のスプリングバックによる壁反りを軽減することを着想するに至った。
本発明は、かかる着想に基づいてなされたものであり、具体的には以下の構成からなるものである。
Therefore, the inventor has diligently studied a method of reducing the bending / unbending deformation in the forming process of the vertical wall portion 55 having the step portion 57 formed therein. As a result, by increasing the radius of curvature of the bending deformation of the metal plate 40 due to the R portion 25a of the die-side step forming portion 25 in the forming process, the bending of the portion corresponding to the vertical wall portion 55 in the metal plate 40 is reduced. It has been conceived to reduce the amount of bending-back deformation and reduce wall warpage due to springback of the vertical wall portion 55.
The present invention has been made based on such an idea, and specifically has the following configuration.
（１）本発明に係るプレス成形方法は、金属板を、天板部と該天板部から曲がり部を介して連続する縦壁部とを有し、該縦壁部に外側に凸となる段差部が形成されたプレス成形品に、パンチとダイを用いて成形するものであって、前記パンチは、前記天板部を成形するパンチ側天板成形面部と、前記縦壁部を成形するパンチ側縦壁成形面部を有し、該パンチ側縦壁成形面部には、前記段差部を形成するパンチ側段差形成部と、該パンチ側段差形成部よりも前記パンチ側天板成形面部側に前記金属板を逃がすために凹んだ凹部とが設けられ、前記ダイは、前記縦壁部を成形するダイ側縦壁成形面部を有し、該ダイ側縦壁成形面部には、前記パンチ側段差形成部と協働して前記段差部を形成するダイ側段差形成部が設けられ、前記ダイを前記パンチ側へと相対移動させて前記縦壁部を成形する過程において、前記ダイ側段差形成部が前記金属板に当接して該金属板に生じる曲げ変形を前記凹部に逃がし、その後、前記ダイを前記パンチ側へ相対移動させて前記金属板の曲げ変形を曲げ戻し、さらにその後、前記ダイを前記パンチ側へ相対移動させて前記パンチ側段差形成部と前記ダイ側段差形成部とで前記段差部を形成することを特徴とするものである。 (1) The press forming method according to the present invention includes a metal plate having a top plate portion and a vertical wall portion that is continuous from the top plate portion via a bent portion, and is outwardly convex to the vertical wall portion. A punch is formed on a press-formed product having a step portion using a punch and a die. The punch forms a punch-side top plate forming surface portion for forming the top plate portion and the vertical wall portion. A punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion, the punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion includes a punch-side step forming portion that forms the step portion, and the punch-side top plate forming surface portion side of the punch side step forming portion. A concave portion is provided to allow the metal plate to escape, and the die has a die-side vertical wall forming surface portion for forming the vertical wall portion, and the die-side vertical wall forming surface portion includes the punch-side step. A die-side step forming section for forming the step section in cooperation with a forming section; In the process of forming the vertical wall portion by relative movement to the side, the die-side step forming portion abuts on the metal plate to release bending deformation generated in the metal plate to the concave portion, and thereafter, the die is The metal plate is relatively moved to the punch side to bend back the bending deformation, and then, the die is relatively moved to the punch side, and the step portion is formed by the punch side step forming portion and the die side step forming portion. It is characterized by forming.
本発明によれば、金属板における縦壁部に相当する部位の曲げ／曲げ戻し変形を軽減することができ、離型後の前記縦壁部の壁反りによるスプリングバックを抑制し、プレス成形品の形状精度を向上させることができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the bending / unbending deformation | transformation of the site | part corresponding to a vertical wall part in a metal plate can be reduced, The springback by the wall warpage of the said vertical wall part after mold release is suppressed, and a press-molded product Shape accuracy can be improved.
まず、本実施の形態に係るプレス成形方法で用いるプレス成形金型について説明する。
＜プレス成形金型＞
本実施の形態で用いるプレス成形金型１は、図１に例示するように、パンチ１０とダイ２０とパッド３０とを備えてなるものであり、図１（ａ）〜（ｄ）に示す成形過程により、金属板４０をプレス成形品５０（図８参照）に成形するものである。
First, a press forming die used in the press forming method according to the present embodiment will be described.
<Press molding die>
The press molding die 1 used in the present embodiment includes a punch 10, a die 20, and a pad 30, as illustrated in FIG. 1, and forms the mold shown in FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d). Through the process, the metal plate 40 is formed into a press-formed product 50 (see FIG. 8).
パンチ１０は、天板部５１を成形するパンチ側天板成形面部１１と、縦壁部５５を成形するパンチ側縦壁成形面部１５とを有するものであり、パンチ側縦壁成形面部１５は、パンチ側天板成形面部１１からパンチ肩Ｒ部１３を介して連続して設けられている。さらに、パンチ側縦壁成形面部１５には、段差部５７を形成するパンチ側段差形成部１７と、パンチ側段差形成部１７を挟んで成形面部１５ａ及び成形面部１５ｂとが設けられ、パンチ側段差形成部１７よりもパンチ側天板成形面部１１側の成形面部１５ａには、金属板４０を逃がすために内側に凹んだ凹部１９が設けられている。 The punch 10 has a punch-side top plate forming surface portion 11 for forming the top plate portion 51 and a punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 15 for forming the vertical wall portion 55. The punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 15 includes The punch-side top plate forming surface portion 11 is provided continuously through a punch shoulder R portion 13. Further, the punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 15 is provided with a punch-side step forming portion 17 for forming the step portion 57, and a forming surface portion 15a and a forming surface portion 15b with the punch-side step forming portion 17 interposed therebetween. On the forming surface portion 15 a on the punch-side top plate forming surface portion 11 side of the forming portion 17, a concave portion 19 that is recessed inward is provided to allow the metal plate 40 to escape.
ダイ２０は、縦壁部５５を成形するダイ側縦壁成形面部２１と、ダイ側縦壁成形面部２１の先端に設けられたダイ肩Ｒ部２３を有し、ダイ側縦壁成形面部２１には、パンチ側段差形成部１７と協働して段差部５７を形成するダイ側段差形成部２５が設けられている。 The die 20 has a die-side vertical wall forming surface portion 21 for forming the vertical wall portion 55, and a die shoulder R portion 23 provided at the tip of the die-side vertical wall forming surface portion 21. Is provided with a die-side step forming section 25 that forms the step section 57 in cooperation with the punch-side step forming section 17.
さらに、ダイ側縦壁成形面部２１は、ダイ側段差形成部２５を挟んで連続する成形面部２１ａと成形面部２１ｂを有してなり、さらにダイ側段差形成部２５は、成形面部２１ｂに接続するＲ部２５ａを有している。 Further, the die-side vertical wall forming surface portion 21 has a forming surface portion 21a and a forming surface portion 21b that are continuous with the die-side step forming portion 25 interposed therebetween, and the die-side step forming portion 25 is connected to the forming surface portion 21b. It has an R section 25a.
パッド３０は、パンチ側天板成形面部１１に載置された金属板４０を所定のパッド荷重で押さえつけるものである。なお、本発明に係るプレス成形方法は、パッド３０を必ずしも要するものではない。 The pad 30 presses the metal plate 40 placed on the punch side top plate forming surface portion 11 with a predetermined pad load. The press forming method according to the present invention does not necessarily require the pad 30.
＜プレス成形方法＞
本発明の実施の形態に係るプレス成形方法は、図１に例示するプレス成形金型１を用いて、図８に例示するプレス成形品５０を成形するものである。以下、図２及び図３に基づいて本実施の形態に係るプレス成形方法を説明する。
<Press molding method>
The press forming method according to the embodiment of the present invention uses the press forming die 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 to form a press-formed product 50 illustrated in FIG. Hereinafter, the press molding method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
まず、従来のプレス成形方法（図１０参照）と同様に、パンチ１０のパンチ側天板成形面部１１に載置された金属板４０をパッド３０で押さえ付けた状態で、ダイ２０をパンチ１０側に相対移動させると、図２（ａ）〜（ｂ）に示すように、ダイ２０のダイ肩Ｒ部２３が金属板４０に当接し、パンチ側縦壁成形面部１５における成形面部１５ａとダイ側縦壁成形面部２１における成形面部２１ａとの間に隙間が形成された状態で、金属板４０は、パンチ肩Ｒ部１３に沿うように曲げられる。 First, in the same manner as in the conventional press forming method (see FIG. 10), the die 20 is placed on the punch 10 side while the metal plate 40 placed on the punch side top plate forming surface portion 11 of the punch 10 is pressed by the pad 30. 2A and 2B, the die shoulder R portion 23 of the die 20 comes into contact with the metal plate 40, and the forming surface portion 15a of the punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 15 and the die surface In a state where a gap is formed between the vertical wall forming surface portion 21 and the forming surface portion 21 a, the metal plate 40 is bent along the punch shoulder R portion 13.
そして、パンチ側縦壁成形面部１５における成形面部１５ｂとダイ側縦壁成形面部２１における成形面部２１ａとで金属板４０が挟持され（図２（ｂ））、該挟持された状態でダイ２０がさらに相対移動すると、ダイ側段差形成部２５のＲ部２５ａが金属板４０に当接し、金属板４０は曲げ変形を受ける（図２（ｃ））。 Then, the metal plate 40 is sandwiched between the molding surface portion 15b of the punch-side vertical wall molding surface portion 15 and the molding surface portion 21a of the die-side vertical wall molding surface portion 21 (FIG. 2B), and the die 20 is held in the sandwiched state. When the relative movement is further made, the R portion 25a of the die-side step forming portion 25 comes into contact with the metal plate 40, and the metal plate 40 undergoes bending deformation (FIG. 2C).
このとき、パンチ側縦壁成形面部１５には、金属板４０の曲げ変形を逃がすための凹部１９が設けられているため、金属板４０は、ダイ側段差形成部２５のＲ部２５ａによる曲げ変形のたわみが凹部１９に向かって生じる。これにより、ダイ側段差形成部２５のＲ部２５ａによる金属板４０の曲げ変形の曲率半径は、従来のプレス成形方法（図１０（ｃ）〜（ｅ））に比べて大きくなる。 At this time, since the concave portion 19 for releasing the bending deformation of the metal plate 40 is provided in the punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 15, the metal plate 40 is bent by the R portion 25a of the die-side step forming portion 25. Deflection occurs toward the recess 19. Thereby, the radius of curvature of the bending deformation of the metal plate 40 by the R portion 25a of the die-side step forming portion 25 is larger than that of the conventional press forming method (FIGS. 10C to 10E).
その後、ダイ２０をパンチ１０側に相対移動させると、金属板４０におけるダイ側段差形成部２５のＲ部２５ａが当接する部位に曲げ変形が生ずるとともに、該曲げ変形された部位には成形方向に張力が作用して曲げ戻される（図２（ｄ）、（ｅ））。
さらにその後、ダイ２０を成形下死点までパンチ１０側に相対移動させると、パンチ側段差形成部１７とダイ側段差形成部２５により段差部５７が形成される（図２（ｆ））。
Thereafter, when the die 20 is relatively moved toward the punch 10, bending deformation occurs in a portion of the metal plate 40 where the R portion 25 a of the die-side step forming portion 25 abuts, and the bent portion deforms in the forming direction. It is bent back by the action of tension (FIGS. 2D and 2E).
Thereafter, when the die 20 is relatively moved toward the punch 10 to the bottom dead center of the molding, a step 57 is formed by the punch-side step forming section 17 and the die-side step forming section 25 (FIG. 2 (f)).
このように、本実施の形態に係るプレス成形方法は、ダイ側段差形成部２５のＲ部２５ａが金属板４０に当接して金属板４０に生じる曲げ変形がパンチ１０の凹部１９に逃げて、凹部１９にたわみが生じることを許容するため（図３参照）、Ｒ部２５ａによる曲げ変形の曲率半径を大きくすることができる。 As described above, in the press forming method according to the present embodiment, the bending portion generated in the metal plate 40 when the R portion 25a of the die-side step forming portion 25 comes into contact with the metal plate 40 escapes to the concave portion 19 of the punch 10, In order to allow the concave portion 19 to be bent (see FIG. 3), the radius of curvature of the bending deformation by the R portion 25a can be increased.
これにより、図４に示すように、離型後における縦壁部５５の壁反りが低減する。なお、図４は、本発明に係るプレス方法により成形されたプレス成形品の離型後の形状（図４（ａ）中の薄灰色）と、従来のプレス成形方法により成形されたプレス成形品の離型後の形状（図４（ａ）中の濃灰色）とを重ねて図示したものである。図４（ｂ）に示すように、本発明における面部５５ａと面部５５ｂの角度差Δθは、従来のプレス成形方法における角度差Δθ’と比べて小さくなることが分かる。 Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, the warpage of the vertical wall portion 55 after the mold release is reduced. FIG. 4 shows the shape of the press-formed product formed by the pressing method according to the present invention after release (light gray in FIG. 4A) and the press-formed product formed by the conventional press-forming method. And the shape after release (dark gray in FIG. 4A). As shown in FIG. 4B, the angle difference Δθ between the surface portion 55a and the surface portion 55b in the present invention is smaller than the angle difference Δθ ′ in the conventional press forming method.
以上、本実施の形態に係るプレス成形方法によれば、金属板４０のＲ部２５ａによる曲げ変形の曲率半径を大きくすることにより、縦壁部５５の成形過程における曲げ／曲げ戻し変形量が低減し、離型後の縦壁部における壁反りによるスプリングバックを低減することができる。 As described above, according to the press forming method according to the present embodiment, the amount of bending / unbending deformation in the forming process of vertical wall portion 55 is reduced by increasing the radius of curvature of the bending deformation by R portion 25a of metal plate 40. However, it is possible to reduce springback due to wall warpage in the vertical wall portion after release.
なお、本発明に係るプレス成形方法に用いるパンチ１０は、パンチ側縦壁成形面部１５に凹部１９が設けられたものであるが、凹部１９は、パンチ肩Ｒ部１３とパンチ側段差形成部１７との間の成形面部１５ａに設けられているものであれば、位置及び範囲については特に制限はなく、成形過程における曲げ／曲げ戻し変形を小さくするように、適宜設定すればよい。また、後述する実施例においては、パンチ１０に設けた凹部１９の好適な位置と範囲について検討している。 The punch 10 used in the press forming method according to the present invention has a concave portion 19 provided on the punch side vertical wall forming surface portion 15, and the concave portion 19 has a punch shoulder R portion 13 and a punch side step forming portion 17. The position and range are not particularly limited as long as they are provided on the molding surface portion 15a between them, and may be appropriately set so as to reduce the bending / unbending deformation in the molding process. Further, in an embodiment described later, a suitable position and range of the concave portion 19 provided in the punch 10 are examined.
また、上記の説明は、断面コ字形状のプレス成形品５０（図８参照）を成形対象とするものであったが、本発明に係るプレス成形方法の成形対象はこれに限るものではなく、天板部と、該天板部から連続する縦壁部を有し、該縦壁部に外側に凸となる段差部を有するプレス成形品であればよい。 In the above description, the press-formed product 50 (see FIG. 8) having a U-shaped cross section is to be formed. However, the press-formed method according to the present invention is not limited to this. Any press-formed product having a top plate portion and a vertical wall portion continuous from the top plate portion, and having a step portion projecting outward on the vertical wall portion may be used.
本発明に係るプレス成形方法の作用効果について確認するための検証を行ったので、これについて以下に説明する。 Verification for confirming the operation and effect of the press molding method according to the present invention was performed, and this will be described below.
本実施例では、図８に示すプレス成形品５０を解析対象としてプレス成形解析を行い、該プレス成形解析の解析結果を用いてスプリングバック解析を行った。そして、当該スプリングバック解析結果に基づいて、プレス成形品５０の縦壁部５５におけるスプリングバック量を評価した。なお、本実施例でのプレス成形解析及びスプリングバック解析には、市販の有限要素法解析ソフトウェアを用いた。 In the present embodiment, a press-forming analysis was performed on the press-formed product 50 shown in FIG. 8 as an analysis target, and a springback analysis was performed using the analysis result of the press-forming analysis. Then, based on the springback analysis result, the springback amount in the vertical wall portion 55 of the press-formed product 50 was evaluated. In the present embodiment, commercially available finite element method analysis software was used for the press forming analysis and the springback analysis.
そして、本実施例でのプレス成形解析は、前述の実施の形態で示したプレス成形金型１を用いるものであり、その詳細な形状及び寸法を図５に示す。
なお、本実施例におけるプレス成形解析及びスプリングバック解析では、プレス成形品５０の中央に対称面を設定した1/2の領域を解析対象としているため、図５に示すプレス成形金型１においても、対称面を中心とした1/2の領域とした。また、パンチ１０、ダイ２０、パッド３０及び金属板４０の紙面奥行方向（長手方向）の長さは、いずれも150mmとした。
The press forming analysis in the present embodiment uses the press forming die 1 shown in the above embodiment, and the detailed shape and dimensions are shown in FIG.
In the press forming analysis and the springback analysis in the present embodiment, since the analysis target is a half area where the symmetry plane is set at the center of the press formed product 50, the press forming die 1 shown in FIG. And a half area centered on the symmetry plane. The length of the punch 10, the die 20, the pad 30, and the metal plate 40 in the depth direction (longitudinal direction) of the paper was 150 mm.
プレス成形解析においては、金属板４０には、引張強度1470MPa級、板厚1.2mmの鋼板を用い、ブランク長さ（金属板４０の中心から先端までの長さ）を150mmとした。さらに、パッド３０により金属板４０を押さえ付けるパッド荷重を1tonとし、金属板４０の中心を固定して解析を行った。 In the press forming analysis, a steel plate having a tensile strength of 1470 MPa class and a plate thickness of 1.2 mm was used as the metal plate 40, and the blank length (the length from the center to the tip of the metal plate 40) was set to 150 mm. Further, the pad load for pressing the metal plate 40 by the pad 30 was set to 1 ton, and the center of the metal plate 40 was fixed for analysis.
本実施例では、図５に示すプレス成形金型１を用いてプレス成形品５０を成形する場合を発明例とし、プレス成形金型１のパンチ１０に設けられた凹部１９の位置（パンチ側天板成形面部１１から凹部１９上端までの成形方向距離L1）と、凹部１９の範囲（凹部１９の上端位置L1と下端位置L2の差）を変更した。
さらに、比較対象として、図９に示すプレス成形金型３を用いてプレス成形品５０を成形する場合を従来例とした。
表１に、発明例として設定した凹部１９の凹み深さD、上端位置L1及び下端位置L2を示す。
In the present embodiment, the case where the press-formed product 50 is formed using the press-formed die 1 shown in FIG. 5 is an example of the invention, and the position of the concave portion 19 provided on the punch 10 of the press-formed die 1 (punch side top). The forming direction distance L1 from the plate forming surface portion 11 to the upper end of the concave portion 19) and the range of the concave portion 19 (difference between the upper end position L1 and the lower end position L2 of the concave portion 19) were changed.
Further, as a comparative example, a case in which a press-formed product 50 is formed using a press-forming die 3 shown in FIG.
Table 1 shows the concave depth D, the upper end position L1, and the lower end position L2 of the concave portion 19 set as the invention examples.
表１において、従来例は、パンチ６０のパンチ側縦壁成形面部６５に凹部が設けられていない従来のプレス成形方法によるものであるため、凹み深さをD＝0mmとした。
発明例１〜発明例７は、パンチ側縦壁成形面部１５に凹み深さD＝5mmの凹部１９が設けられたパンチ１０を用いる本発明に係るプレス成形方法によるものである。
そして、発明例１〜発明例４は、凹部１９の下端位置（＝L2）を変更せずに上端位置（＝L1）のみを変更したものである。
さらに、発明例５〜発明例７は、凹部１９の上端位置（＝L1）を変更せずに下端位置（＝L2）のみを更したものである。
In Table 1, the conventional example is based on the conventional press forming method in which the punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 65 of the punch 60 is not provided with a concave portion. Therefore, the concave depth is set to D = 0 mm.
Inventive Examples 1 to 7 are based on the press forming method according to the present invention using the punch 10 in which the punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 15 is provided with a concave portion 19 having a concave depth D of 5 mm.
In Inventive Examples 1 to 4, only the upper end position (= L1) of the concave portion 19 is changed without changing the lower end position (= L2).
In addition, in Invention Examples 5 to 7, only the lower end position (= L2) is changed without changing the upper end position (= L1) of the concave portion 19.
図６に、従来例と発明例１及び発明例７についてのプレス成形解析により求めた成形下死点でのプレス成形品５０の応力分布を示す。ここで、図６に示す応力分布は、プレス成形品５０におけるパンチ１０（又はパンチ６０）側の成形方向の表面応力を表示したものである。そして、図６において正の応力の値は、離型後に縦壁部５５が閉じる（天板部５１と縦壁部５５のなす角度が小さくなる）方向に寄与するものであるのに対し、負の応力の値は、離型後に縦壁部５５が開く（天板部５１と縦壁部５５のなす角度が大きくなる）方向に寄与するものである。 FIG. 6 shows the stress distribution of the press-formed product 50 at the bottom dead center of the molding obtained by the press-forming analysis for the conventional example, the invention example 1 and the invention example 7. Here, the stress distribution shown in FIG. 6 indicates the surface stress of the press-formed product 50 in the forming direction on the punch 10 (or punch 60) side. In FIG. 6, the positive stress value contributes to the direction in which the vertical wall portion 55 closes (the angle between the top plate portion 51 and the vertical wall portion 55 decreases) after the mold release, whereas the positive stress value is negative. The value of the stress contributes to the direction in which the vertical wall portion 55 opens (the angle between the top plate portion 51 and the vertical wall portion 55 increases) after the mold release.
図６より、従来例と発明例１及び発明例７のいずれにおいても、段差部５７では、縦壁部５５が閉じる方向の応力と開く方向の応力とが見られる（図６にて点線楕円で囲まれる領域）。もっとも、これらの応力は離型後に相殺されるものであり、面部５５ａと面部５５ｂの角度に対する影響は同程度である。 6, in the conventional example, the invention example 1, and the invention example 7, in the step portion 57, the stress in the direction in which the vertical wall portion 55 closes and the stress in the direction in which the vertical wall portion 55 opens are seen (in FIG. Enclosed area). However, these stresses are offset after the mold release, and the effect on the angle between the surface 55a and the surface 55b is almost the same.
しかし、縦壁部５５における段差部５７よりも曲がり部５３側の面部５５ｂでは開き方向の応力が残存しており（図６にて破線楕円で囲まれる領域）、この開き方向の応力の値は、従来例に比べて発明例の方が小さくなっている。 However, the stress in the opening direction remains on the surface portion 55b of the vertical wall portion 55 closer to the bent portion 53 than the step portion 57 (the region surrounded by the broken line ellipse in FIG. 6), and the value of the stress in the opening direction is The invention example is smaller than the conventional example.
この結果から、本発明に係るプレス成形方法によれば、縦壁部５５を成形する過程における曲げ／曲げ変形量が小さくすることができ、開き方向の応力を小さくできることが示された。 From these results, it was shown that according to the press forming method according to the present invention, the amount of bending / bending deformation in the process of forming the vertical wall portion 55 can be reduced, and the stress in the opening direction can be reduced.
次に、プレス成形解析により得られた解析結果を用いてスプリングバック解析を行い、プレス成形品５０の離型後における縦壁部５５の壁開きを評価した。 Next, springback analysis was performed using the analysis result obtained by the press molding analysis, and the wall opening of the vertical wall portion 55 after the mold release of the press molded product 50 was evaluated.
本実施例では、縦壁部５５の壁開きは、以下のように評価した。
まず、図７に示すように、天板部５１と縦壁部５５の面部５５ａそれぞれの長手方向（図８参照、図７においては紙面に垂直な方向）中央に、基準点(Ａ１、Ａ２)と基準点(Ｂ１、Ｂ２)を設定した。そして、プレス成形品５０の離型前と離型後において、線分Ａ１−Ａ２と線分Ｂ１−Ｂ２のなす角度をそれぞれ求めて離型による角度変化量を算出し、スプリングバックによる壁開きとして評価した。ここで、角度変化量は、離型後に縦壁部５５が開く方を正、閉じる方を負とした。
In this example, the opening of the vertical wall portion 55 was evaluated as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 7, a reference point (A1, A2) is provided at the center of each of the top plate 51 and the surface 55a of the vertical wall 55 in the longitudinal direction (see FIG. 8, the direction perpendicular to the paper in FIG. 7). And reference points (B1, B2). Then, before and after the mold release of the press-formed product 50, the angle formed by the line segment A1-A2 and the line segment B1-B2 is obtained to calculate the angle change amount due to the mold release, and the wall opening due to springback is calculated. evaluated. Here, the angle change amount is positive when the vertical wall portion 55 opens after the mold release, and negative when the vertical wall portion 55 closes.
このように算出した角度変化量は、離型後における曲がり部５３のスプリングバックによる角度開きの影響が含まれるものである。ただし、パンチ肩Ｒ部１３のＲが同じであるので、本実施例は、段差部５７の形状を変更せずにパンチ１０に設ける凹部１９の位置と範囲を変更するものである。そのため、各条件で算出した角度変化量の違いは、凹部１９の位置と範囲を変更したことの影響を表すものである。
前掲した表１に、離型による角度変化量の結果を示す。
The angle change amount calculated in this way includes the influence of the angle opening due to the springback of the bent portion 53 after the mold release. However, since the R of the punch shoulder R portion 13 is the same, in the present embodiment, the position and range of the concave portion 19 provided in the punch 10 are changed without changing the shape of the step portion 57. Therefore, the difference in the amount of angle change calculated under each condition indicates the effect of changing the position and range of the recess 19.
Table 1 shows the result of the angle change amount due to the mold release.
表１より、発明例１〜発明例７はいずれも、従来例よりも角度変化量が小さくなり、離型後における縦壁部５５の壁開きを低減できたことが分かる。この結果は、パンチ１０の成形面部１５ａに凹部１９を設けることにより、成形過程において金属板４０の曲げ変形を凹部１９に逃がすことができ、これにより金属板４０の曲げ／曲げ変形量が軽減し、成形下死点において面部５５ａに残存する応力が低減したためである。 From Table 1, it can be seen that in each of Inventive Examples 1 to 7, the amount of angle change was smaller than in the conventional example, and the opening of the vertical wall portion 55 after the mold release was reduced. The result is that by providing the concave portion 19 in the forming surface portion 15a of the punch 10, the bending deformation of the metal plate 40 can be released to the concave portion 19 in the forming process, thereby reducing the amount of bending / bending deformation of the metal plate 40. This is because the stress remaining on the surface portion 55a at the molding bottom dead center is reduced.
また、凹部１９の下端位置を一定（L2＝40mm）として上端位置（L1）を変更した発明例１〜発明例４を比較すると、上端位置（L1）がパンチ肩Ｒ部１３に近づくほど、角度変化量が低下する結果となった。
さらに、凹部１９の上端位置を一定（L1＝7mm）として下端位置(L2)を変更した発明例１及び５〜発明例７を比較すると、下端位置をパンチ肩Ｒ部１３とパンチ側段差形成部１７の中間付近に設定した発明例７における角度変化量が最も小さい結果となった。
Also, comparing invention examples 1 to 4 in which the lower end position of the concave portion 19 is fixed (L2 = 40 mm) and the upper end position (L1) is changed, as the upper end position (L1) approaches the punch shoulder R portion 13, the angle becomes larger. As a result, the amount of change was reduced.
Further, when comparing the invention examples 1 and 5 to the invention example 7 in which the upper end position of the concave portion 19 is fixed (L1 = 7 mm) and the lower end position (L2) is changed, the lower end position is the punch shoulder R portion 13 and the punch side step forming portion. The result of the smallest change in the angle in Invention Example 7 set near the middle of No. 17 was obtained.
以上より、本発明に係るプレス成形方法によれば、縦壁部に外側に凸となる段差部が形成されたプレス成形品を成形するに際し、金属板における縦壁部に相当する部位に生じる曲げ変形をパンチに設けた凹部に逃がし、その後、該曲げ変形を曲げ戻すことにより、縦壁部における壁反りによるスプリングバックを低減できることが実証された。さらに、パンチに設ける凹部の位置と範囲を適宜変更することにより、壁反りをさらに低減できることが示された。 As described above, according to the press forming method according to the present invention, when forming a press-formed product in which a stepped portion that is outwardly convex is formed in a vertical wall portion, bending generated in a portion corresponding to the vertical wall portion in a metal plate. It has been proved that the springback due to the wall warp in the vertical wall portion can be reduced by releasing the deformation into the concave portion provided in the punch and then bending back the bending deformation. Furthermore, it was shown that the wall warpage can be further reduced by appropriately changing the position and range of the concave portion provided in the punch.
１ プレス成形金型
３ プレス成形金型（従来方法）
１０ パンチ
１１ パンチ側天板成形面部
１３ パンチ肩Ｒ部
１５ パンチ側縦壁成形面部
１５ａ 成形面部
１５ｂ 成形面部
１７ パンチ側段差形成部
１９ 凹部
２０ ダイ
２１ ダイ側縦壁成形面部
２１ａ 成形面部
２１ｂ 成形面部
２３ ダイ肩Ｒ部
２５ ダイ側段差形成部
２５ａ Ｒ部
３０ パッド
４０ 金属板
５０ プレス成形品
５１ 天板部
５３ 曲がり部
５５ 縦壁部
５５ａ 面部
５５ｂ 面部
５７ 段差部
６０ パンチ
６１ パンチ側天板成形面部
６３ パンチ肩Ｒ部
６５ パンチ側縦壁成形面部
６７ パンチ側段差形成部
1 Press Mold 3 Press Mold (Conventional Method)
Reference Signs List 10 punch 11 punch-side top plate forming surface portion 13 punch shoulder R portion 15 punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion 15a forming surface portion 15b forming surface portion 17 punch side step forming portion 19 concave portion 20 die 21 die-side vertical wall forming surface portion 21a forming surface portion 21b forming surface portion 23 die shoulder R portion 25 die side step forming portion 25a R portion 30 pad 40 metal plate 50 press-formed product 51 top plate portion 53 bent portion 55 vertical wall portion 55a surface portion 55b surface portion 57 stepped portion 60 punch 61 punch side top plate forming surface portion 63 Punch shoulder R portion 65 Punch side vertical wall forming surface portion 67 Punch side step forming portion
Claims (1)
前記パンチは、前記天板部を成形するパンチ側天板成形面部と、前記縦壁部を成形するパンチ側縦壁成形面部を有し、該パンチ側縦壁成形面部には、前記段差部を形成するパンチ側段差形成部と、該パンチ側段差形成部よりも前記パンチ側天板成形面部側に前記金属板を逃がすために凹んだ凹部とが設けられ、
前記ダイは、前記縦壁部を成形するダイ側縦壁成形面部を有し、該ダイ側縦壁成形面部には、前記パンチ側段差形成部と協働して前記段差部を形成するダイ側段差形成部が設けられ、
前記ダイを前記パンチ側へと相対移動させて前記縦壁部を成形する過程において、前記ダイ側段差形成部が前記金属板に当接して該金属板に生じる曲げ変形を前記凹部に逃がし、
その後、前記ダイを前記パンチ側へ相対移動させて前記金属板の曲げ変形を曲げ戻し、
さらにその後、前記ダイを前記パンチ側へ相対移動させて前記パンチ側段差形成部と前記ダイ側段差形成部とで前記段差部を形成することを特徴するプレス成形方法。 A metal plate is punched into a press-formed product having a top plate portion and a vertical wall portion continuous from the top plate portion via a bent portion, and a step portion that is outwardly convex formed on the vertical wall portion. And a press molding method of molding using a die,
The punch has a punch-side top plate forming surface portion for forming the top plate portion, and a punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion for forming the vertical wall portion, and the punch-side vertical wall forming surface portion includes the step portion. A punch-side step forming portion to be formed, and a concave portion recessed to allow the metal plate to escape from the punch-side top plate forming surface portion side than the punch side step forming portion are provided,
The die has a die-side vertical wall forming surface portion that forms the vertical wall portion, and the die-side vertical wall forming surface portion has a die side that forms the step portion in cooperation with the punch-side step forming portion. A step forming portion is provided,
In the process of forming the vertical wall portion by relatively moving the die toward the punch side, the die-side step forming portion contacts the metal plate and releases bending deformation generated in the metal plate to the concave portion,
Thereafter, the die is relatively moved to the punch side to bend back the bending deformation of the metal plate,
Further, thereafter, the die is relatively moved to the punch side, and the step portion is formed by the punch-side step forming portion and the die-side step forming portion.
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