JP2020009704A - Ceramic heater - Google Patents

Ceramic heater Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2020009704A
JP2020009704A JP2018131949A JP2018131949A JP2020009704A JP 2020009704 A JP2020009704 A JP 2020009704A JP 2018131949 A JP2018131949 A JP 2018131949A JP 2018131949 A JP2018131949 A JP 2018131949A JP 2020009704 A JP2020009704 A JP 2020009704A
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Prior art keywords
flange
ceramic heater
heater
ceramic
axial direction
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JP2018131949A
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JP6860277B2 (en
Inventor
牧野　友亮
Tomosuke Makino
友亮 牧野
敦俊 杉山
Atsutoshi Sugiyama
敦俊 杉山
侑也 東出
Yuya Higashide
侑也 東出
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Niterra Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2018131949A priority Critical patent/JP6860277B2/en
Priority to CN201910619682.7A priority patent/CN110719653B/en
Priority to ES19185691T priority patent/ES2911664T3/en
Priority to EP19185691.3A priority patent/EP3595406B1/en
Publication of JP2020009704A publication Critical patent/JP2020009704A/en
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Publication of JP6860277B2 publication Critical patent/JP6860277B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/78—Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
    • H05B3/82—Fixedly-mounted immersion heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/009—Heaters using conductive material in contact with opposing surfaces of the resistive element or resistive layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

To ensure grounding to the outside via a metal flange joined with an insulating material in a ceramic heater.SOLUTION: Disclosed is a ceramic heater which includes: a cylindrical heater body made of ceramics extending in the axial direction; and a metallic annular flange externally fitted to the heater body. A ground wire is connected to the flange. The flange includes a concave part consisting of a cylindrical side part extending in the axial direction and a bottom part which is continuous with the side part and curved so as to reduce a diameter in the radial direction. The concave part is filled with an insulating material and joined to the heater body via the insulating material. The flange further includes an extension part which is continuous with the bottom part, extends to the tip side in the axial direction and is exposed directly to underwater.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本開示は、例えば温水洗浄便座、電気温水器、２４時間風呂、等に用いられるセラミックヒータに関する。   The present disclosure relates to a ceramic heater used for, for example, a hot water flush toilet seat, an electric water heater, a 24-hour bath, and the like.

通常、温水洗浄便座には、樹脂製の容器である熱交換器とセラミックヒータとを有する熱交換ユニットが備えられている。セラミックヒータは、熱交換器内に収容された洗浄水を温めるために用いられる。   Usually, the warm water flush toilet seat is provided with a heat exchange unit having a heat exchanger, which is a resin container, and a ceramic heater. The ceramic heater is used for warming the washing water contained in the heat exchanger.

通常、温水洗浄便座には、樹脂製の容器（熱交換器）を有する熱交換ユニットが用いられている。この熱交換ユニットには、熱交換器内に収容された洗浄水を暖めるために、筒状のセラミックヒータが取り付けられている。
この種のセラミックヒータとしては、円筒状のセラミック製のヒータ本体に、円環状の金属製のフランジを外嵌し、ガラスを介してヒータ本体とフランジとを接合したものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１を参照）。 Usually, a heat exchange unit having a resin container (heat exchanger) is used for the warm water flush toilet seat. The heat exchange unit is provided with a cylindrical ceramic heater for warming the washing water contained in the heat exchanger.
As this type of ceramic heater, there is known a ceramic heater in which an annular metal flange is externally fitted to a cylindrical ceramic heater main body, and the heater main body and the flange are joined via glass (for example, see, for example). , Patent Document 1).

特開２０１７−０６９０８３号公報JP 2017-069083 A

ところで、セラミックヒータの表面にクラックが入るなどしてヒータ部が水中に露出し漏電する事故を防止するため、金属製のフランジに対しアース線を接続することで外部に接地する対策が採られている。しかしながら、フランジを接合するガラスは絶縁性であるため、図６に示すように、フランジの外表面までガラスが覆うことでフランジの外表面が水中に曝されなくなる可能性がある。その際はフランジが水と接しないため、外部に接地できない虞がある。   By the way, in order to prevent the heater part from being exposed to the water and leaking due to cracks on the surface of the ceramic heater, measures have been taken to connect the grounding wire to the outside by connecting a ground wire to the metal flange. I have. However, since the glass joining the flange is insulative, the outer surface of the flange may not be exposed to water when the glass covers the outer surface of the flange as shown in FIG. In this case, since the flange does not come into contact with water, there is a possibility that the flange cannot be grounded outside.

本開示の一側面のセラミックヒータは、軸線方向に延びるセラミック製の筒状のヒータ本体と、前記ヒータ本体に外嵌されている金属製の環状のフランジとを備えたセラミックヒータにおいて、前記フランジにはアース線が接続され、前記フランジは、前記軸線方向に延びる円筒状の側部と、当該側部に連なり径方向に縮径するように湾曲する底部と、からなる凹状部を有し、前記凹状部には絶縁材が充填され、当該絶縁材を介して前記ヒータ本体に接合され、前記フランジは、前記底部に連なり前記軸線方向の先端側に延びて水中に直接曝される延伸部をさらに有する。
このようなセラミックヒータによれば、延伸部が水中に直接曝されることで、アース線を介して外部に確実に接地することができる。 A ceramic heater according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a ceramic heater including a ceramic tubular heater body extending in an axial direction and a metal annular flange externally fitted to the heater body. Is connected to a ground wire, the flange has a cylindrical portion extending in the axial direction, and a bottom portion connected to the side portion and a bottom portion curved so as to be reduced in diameter in a radial direction, The concave portion is filled with an insulating material, joined to the heater main body via the insulating material, and the flange further extends to the front end side in the axial direction connected to the bottom portion and directly exposed to water. Have.
According to such a ceramic heater, the extension portion is directly exposed to water, so that it can be reliably grounded to the outside via the ground wire.

また、本開示の一側面のセラミックヒータにおいて、前記延伸部は、前記絶縁材よりも前記軸線方向の先端側に突出している構成とされてもよい。
このようなセラミックヒータによれば、延伸部が絶縁材よりも軸線方向の先端側に突出しているため、延伸部を水中に曝しやすくすることができる。 Further, in the ceramic heater according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the extending portion may be configured to protrude further toward the distal end side in the axial direction than the insulating material.
According to such a ceramic heater, since the extending portion protrudes more toward the distal end side in the axial direction than the insulating material, it is possible to easily expose the extending portion to water.

また、本開示の一側面のセラミックヒータにおいて、絶縁材はガラスで構成されてもよい。
このようなセラミックヒータによれば、フランジの接合工程を簡素化することができる。 In the ceramic heater according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the insulating material may be made of glass.
According to such a ceramic heater, the step of joining the flanges can be simplified.

また、本開示の一側面のセラミックヒータにおいて、前記延伸部は、前記底部の外面から０．５ｍｍ以上突出している構成とされてもよい。
このようなセラミックヒータによれば、延伸部が底部の外面から０．５ｍｍ以上突出しているため、延伸部を水中に曝しやすくすることができる。 Further, in the ceramic heater according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the extension may be configured to protrude from the outer surface of the bottom by 0.5 mm or more.
According to such a ceramic heater, since the extending portion protrudes 0.5 mm or more from the outer surface of the bottom portion, the extending portion can be easily exposed to water.

（ａ）は本発明を具体化した実施形態におけるセラミックヒータの正面図、（ｂ）は同セラミックヒータにおけるフランジ及びガラスの部分を軸方向に沿って切断したときの部分破断面図。1A is a front view of a ceramic heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a partially broken cross-sectional view of a flange and a glass portion of the ceramic heater cut along an axial direction. 実施形態のセラミックヒータのガラス部分を透過して示す平面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a glass portion of the ceramic heater according to the embodiment, as seen through the glass portion. 実施形態のセラミックヒータのセラミック層のヒータパターン層側を展開して示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which expands and shows the heater pattern layer side of the ceramic layer of the ceramic heater of embodiment. （ａ）は実施形態のセラミックヒータのフランジを示す平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ断面図。(A) is a top view which shows the flange of the ceramic heater of embodiment, (b) is AA sectional drawing of (a). 実施形態のセラミックヒータにおけるフランジ及びガラスの部分を軸方向に沿って切断したときの要部拡大破断面図。The principal part enlarged fracture | rupture sectional view when the flange and the glass part in the ceramic heater of embodiment are cut | disconnected along an axial direction. 従来例のセラミックヒータにおけるフランジ及びガラスの部分を軸方向に沿って切断したときの要部拡大破断面図。The principal part enlarged fracture | rupture sectional view when the flange and the glass part in the ceramic heater of a prior art example are cut | disconnected along an axial direction. 実施形態のセラミックヒータにおけるフランジ及びガラスの部分を軸方向に沿って切断したときの要部拡大破断面図。The principal part enlarged fracture | rupture sectional view when the flange and the glass part in the ceramic heater of embodiment are cut | disconnected along an axial direction. （ａ）〜（ｆ）は実施形態のセラミックヒータの製造方法を示す説明図。(A)-(f) is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing method of the ceramic heater of embodiment.

以下、本発明を具体化した一実施形態のセラミックヒータ及びその製造方法を図１〜図８に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, a ceramic heater according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method for manufacturing the same will be described with reference to FIGS.

本実施形態のセラミックヒータ１１は、例えば温水洗浄便座の熱交換ユニットの熱交換器において、洗浄水を暖めるために用いられるものである。   The ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment is used for warming cleaning water, for example, in a heat exchanger of a heat exchange unit of a hot water cleaning toilet seat.

図１、図２に示されるように、このセラミックヒータ１１は、円筒状をなすセラミック製のヒータ本体１３と、ヒータ本体１３に外嵌される金属製の円環状のフランジ１５とを備えている。ヒータ本体１３は、セラミック管１７と、そのセラミック管１７の外周のほぼ全体を覆うセラミック層１９とにより構成されている。本実施形態では、セラミック管１７の外径が１０ｍｍφ、内径が８ｍｍφ、長さが６５ｍｍに設定され、セラミック層１９の厚さが０．５ｍｍ、長さが６０ｍｍに設定されている。セラミック層１９はセラミック管１７の外周を完全には覆っていないため、ヒータ本体１３の外周面１４には、軸方向に沿って延びる例えば幅１ｍｍ×深さ０．５ｍｍの溝部２１が形成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ceramic heater 11 includes a ceramic heater body 13 having a cylindrical shape, and a metal annular flange 15 externally fitted to the heater body 13. . The heater main body 13 includes a ceramic tube 17 and a ceramic layer 19 covering substantially the entire outer periphery of the ceramic tube 17. In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the ceramic tube 17 is set to 10 mmφ, the inner diameter is set to 8 mmφ, the length is set to 65 mm, and the thickness of the ceramic layer 19 is set to 0.5 mm and the length is set to 60 mm. Since the ceramic layer 19 does not completely cover the outer periphery of the ceramic tube 17, the outer peripheral surface 14 of the heater main body 13 is formed with a groove 21 having, for example, a width of 1 mm and a depth of 0.5 mm extending in the axial direction. I have.

このヒータ本体１３を構成しているセラミック管１７及びセラミック層１９は、例えばアルミナからなる。アルミナの熱膨張係数としては、５０×１０−７／Ｋ〜９０×１０−７／Ｋの範囲内であり、本実施形態のものでは７０×１０−７／Ｋ（３０℃〜３８０℃）となっている。 The ceramic tube 17 and the ceramic layer 19 constituting the heater body 13 are made of, for example, alumina. The coefficient of thermal expansion of alumina is in the range of 50 × 10 −7 / K to 90 × 10 −7 / K, and is 70 × 10 −7 / K (30 ° C. to 380 ° C.) in the present embodiment. Has become.

図３に示されるように、セラミック層１９の内周面（セラミック管１７側の面）または内部には、蛇行したパターン形状のヒータパターン層２２及び一対の内部端子２３が形成されている。これらの内部端子２３は、図示しないビア導体等を介して、セラミック層１９の外周面の端部の外部端子２５（図１参照）と電気的に接続されている。   As shown in FIG. 3, a meandering heater pattern layer 22 and a pair of internal terminals 23 are formed on the inner peripheral surface (the surface on the ceramic tube 17 side) or inside of the ceramic layer 19. These internal terminals 23 are electrically connected to external terminals 25 (see FIG. 1) at the ends of the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic layer 19 via via conductors (not shown).

図４に示されるように、フランジ１５は、例えばステンレス等の金属からなる円環状の部材であり、板材の中央部分が第１面Ｓ１の側に曲げられて凹状（カップ形状）となったものである。より具体的にいうと、本実施形態のフランジ１５は、例えば厚さ１ｍｍの板材を曲げることで形成されたものである。板材の中央部には、内面である第１面Ｓ１及び外面である第２面Ｓ２を貫通する穴部２７が形成されている。本実施形態では、凹状部１６の開口部側（即ち図４（ｂ）の上側）の内径は、例えば１６ｍｍφに設定されている。一方、凹状部１６の底部側（即ち図４（ｂ）の下側）の内径、つまり穴部２７の内径は、例えば１２ｍｍφに設定されている。また、凹状部１６の開口部には、アース線３４（図１参照）が接続され外部に接地されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the flange 15 is an annular member made of a metal such as stainless steel, for example, and a central portion of the plate material is bent toward the first surface S1 to have a concave shape (cup shape). It is. More specifically, the flange 15 of the present embodiment is formed by, for example, bending a plate having a thickness of 1 mm. A hole 27 penetrating the first surface S1 as the inner surface and the second surface S2 as the outer surface is formed in the center of the plate material. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the concave portion 16 on the opening side (ie, the upper side in FIG. 4B) is set to, for example, 16 mmφ. On the other hand, the inner diameter of the bottom side of the concave portion 16 (that is, the lower side of FIG. 4B), that is, the inner diameter of the hole 27 is set to, for example, 12 mmφ. A ground wire 34 (see FIG. 1) is connected to the opening of the concave portion 16 and is grounded to the outside.

また、フランジ１５の全体の高さＨ１（図４（ｂ）の上下方向）は例えば６ｍｍであり、半径ｒ（例えば１．５ｍｍ）にて湾曲した底部２９と、底部２９から上方に（軸方向と垂直に）延びる円筒状の側部３１と、底部２９から下方に（軸方向と垂直に）延びる延伸部３２から構成されている。すなわち、フランジ１５は、軸線方向に延びる円筒状の側部３１と、側部３１に連なり径方向に縮径するように湾曲する底部２９と、からなる凹状部１６を有している。そして、底部２９に連なり軸線方向の先端側に延びて水中に直接曝される延伸部３２をさらに有する。
なお、例えば、底部２９の先端側の外面から延伸部３２までの高さＨ２は１．５ｍｍであり、底部２９の先端側の外面から開口部の上端までの高さＨ３は４．５ｍｍである。また、半径ｒは、軸方向に沿った断面における半径を意味する。 The entire height H1 of the flange 15 (vertical direction in FIG. 4B) is, for example, 6 mm, and the bottom 29 is curved with a radius r (for example, 1.5 mm). And a extending portion 32 extending downward (perpendicular to the axial direction) from the bottom portion 29. That is, the flange 15 has the concave portion 16 including the cylindrical side portion 31 extending in the axial direction, and the bottom portion 29 connected to the side portion 31 and curved so as to be reduced in diameter in the radial direction. Further, there is further provided an extension portion 32 which is connected to the bottom portion 29, extends toward the distal end side in the axial direction, and is directly exposed to water.
In addition, for example, the height H2 from the outer surface on the distal end side of the bottom portion 29 to the extending portion 32 is 1.5 mm, and the height H3 from the outer surface on the distal end side of the bottom portion 29 to the upper end of the opening is 4.5 mm. . The radius r means a radius in a cross section along the axial direction.

ここで、フランジ１５を形成する金属の熱膨張係数は、１００×１０−７／Ｋ〜２００×１０−７／Ｋの範囲内の値となる。例えば、フランジ１５がＳＵＳ３０４（主成分がＦｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ）製である場合には、その熱膨張係数は、１７８×１０−７／Ｋ（３０℃〜３８０℃）であり、ＳＵＳ４３０（主成分がＦｅ、Ｃｒ）製である場合には、その熱膨張係数は、１１０×１０−７／Ｋ（３０℃〜３８０℃）である。 The thermal expansion coefficient of the metal forming the flange 15 is a value within the range of 100 × 10 -7 / K~200 × 10 -7 / K. For example, when the flange 15 is made of SUS304 (main component is Fe, Ni, Cr), its thermal expansion coefficient is 178 × 10 −7 / K (30 ° C. to 380 ° C.) and SUS430 (main component is Is Fe, Cr), the thermal expansion coefficient is 110 × 10 −7 / K (30 ° C. to 380 ° C.).

本実施形態では、図５に示されるように、フランジ１５の凹状部１６のうち、ヒータ本体１３の外周面１４とフランジ１５の内面である第１面Ｓ１とで囲まれた空間が、ガラス３３が充填されるガラス溜り部３５とされている。なお、図１及び図２では、ガラス３３の部分にハッチングをかけて示している。   In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, in the concave portion 16 of the flange 15, the space surrounded by the outer peripheral surface 14 of the heater main body 13 and the first surface S <b> 1 which is the inner surface of the flange 15 is a glass 33. Is filled into the glass reservoir 35. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the glass 33 is hatched.

なお、第１端とは、図３では上端を示し、第２端とは、図３では下端を示す。また、セラミックシート１９を厚さ方向から見たときに上記した一対の配線部４４間に位置する配線部４４は、第１端が接続部４５を介して隣接する配線部４４の第１端に接続されるとともに、第２端が接続部４５を介して隣接する配線部４４の第２端に接続されている。   Note that the first end indicates the upper end in FIG. 3, and the second end indicates the lower end in FIG. When the ceramic sheet 19 is viewed from the thickness direction, the wiring portion 44 located between the pair of wiring portions 44 has a first end connected to the first end of the adjacent wiring portion 44 via the connection portion 45. While being connected, the second end is connected to the second end of the adjacent wiring part 44 via the connection part 45.

ガラス溜り部３５には、ガラス３３がガラス溜り部３５の高さＨ４の１／３以上に充填されており、そのガラス３３を介してヒータ本体１３とフランジ１５とが溶着接合されている。   The glass chamber 35 is filled with glass 33 to a height equal to or more than ３ of the height H4 of the glass chamber 35, and the heater body 13 and the flange 15 are welded and joined via the glass 33.

ガラス３３としては、例えばＮａ２Ｏ・Ａｌ２Ｏ３・Ｂ２Ｏ３・ＳｉＯ２系のガラス、いわゆるＡｌ２Ｏ３・Ｂ２Ｏ３・ＳｉＯ２系のガラス（ホウケイ酸ガラス）が用いられている。このガラス３３の熱膨張係数は、例えば５０×１０−７／Ｋ〜９０×１０−７／Ｋ（３０℃〜３８０℃）の範囲内の値となり、本実施形態では６２×１０−７／Ｋ（３０℃〜３８０℃）となっている。 As the glass 33, for example, Na 2 O · Al 2 O 3 · B 2 O 3 · SiO 2 system glass, so-called Al 2 O 3 · B 2 O 3 · SiO 2 system glass (borosilicate glass) is used. ing. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass 33 is, for example, a value within the range of 50 × 10 −7 / K to 90 × 10 −7 / K (30 ° C. to 380 ° C.), and is 62 × 10 −7 / K in the present embodiment. (30 ° C. to 380 ° C.).

図５をさらに拡大した図７に示されるように、凹状部１６の底部２９側に位置する穴部２７の内面２８と、ヒータ本体１３の外周面１４との間には、例えば０．１ｍｍ〜１．０ｍｍ程度の隙間３９が存在し、本実施形態ではその隙間３９の寸法Ｙが０．３ｍｍ〜０．５ｍｍ程度に設定されている。第１面Ｓ１側のガラス溜まり３５に充填されたガラス３３の一部は、この隙間３９にヒータ本体１３の外周面１４に沿って軸方向に流出している。   As shown in FIG. 7 in which FIG. 5 is further enlarged, between the inner surface 28 of the hole 27 located on the bottom 29 side of the concave portion 16 and the outer peripheral surface 14 of the heater main body 13, for example, 0.1 mm to There is a gap 39 of about 1.0 mm, and in the present embodiment, the dimension Y of the gap 39 is set to about 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. Part of the glass 33 filled in the glass pool 35 on the first surface S1 side flows out into the gap 39 along the outer peripheral surface 14 of the heater main body 13 in the axial direction.

ここで、図７のフランジ１５の場合、第２面Ｓ２側における穴部２７の周縁を含むフランジ１５の底部２９から下方に（軸方向と垂直に）延びる延伸部３２が形成されている。換言すると、延伸部３２は底部２９から下方に向かって延びている。本実施形態の延伸部３２は、底部２９の下端を曲げることで形成されている。
本実施形態のセラミックヒータ１１では、第２面Ｓ２側にこのような延伸部３２があることから、ガラス３３が軸方向に沿って流出している領域よりもさらに先端側にまでフランジ１５が突出することとなる。これにより、延伸部３２がガラス３３に覆われることなく水中に確実に晒されることで、アース線３４を介して外部に確実に接地することができる。 Here, in the case of the flange 15 in FIG. 7, an extended portion 32 extending downward (perpendicular to the axial direction) from the bottom portion 29 of the flange 15 including the peripheral edge of the hole 27 on the second surface S2 side is formed. In other words, the extension 32 extends downward from the bottom 29. The extending part 32 of the present embodiment is formed by bending the lower end of the bottom part 29.
In the ceramic heater 11 according to the present embodiment, since the extension portion 32 is provided on the second surface S2 side, the flange 15 protrudes further to the distal end side than the region where the glass 33 flows out along the axial direction. Will be done. This ensures that the extending portion 32 is exposed to the water without being covered with the glass 33, so that it can be reliably grounded to the outside via the ground wire 34.

次に、本実施形態のセラミックヒータ１１を製造する方法を図８に基づいて説明する。   Next, a method for manufacturing the ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

まず、図８（ａ）に示されるように、円筒状をなすアルミナ質のセラミック管１７を仮焼成する。   First, as shown in FIG. 8A, a cylindrical alumina ceramic tube 17 is pre-fired.

また、図８（ｂ）に示されるように、アルミナ質のセラミックシート５１の表面または積層したシート内部に、タングステン等の高融点金属を印刷する。これにより、後にヒータパターン層２２、内部端子２３及び外部端子２５となるパターン５３を形成する。   Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, a refractory metal such as tungsten is printed on the surface of the alumina ceramic sheet 51 or inside the laminated sheet. As a result, a pattern 53 that will later become the heater pattern layer 22, the internal terminals 23, and the external terminals 25 is formed.

次に、このセラミックシート５１の片側面にセラミックペースト（アルミナペースト）を塗布し、図８（ｃ）に示されるように、セラミックシート５１をセラミック管１７の外周面に巻き付けて接着してから一体焼成する。その後、外部端子２５にニッケルめっきを施し、ヒータ本体１３とする。   Next, a ceramic paste (alumina paste) is applied to one side of the ceramic sheet 51, and as shown in FIG. 8C, the ceramic sheet 51 is wrapped around and adhered to the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic tube 17, and then integrated. Bake. Thereafter, the external terminals 25 are plated with nickel to form the heater main body 13.

次に、ステンレスからなる板材をプレス成形してカップ状のフランジ１５を形成した後、フランジ１５を、図８（ｄ）に示されるように、ヒータ本体１３の所定の取付位置に外嵌する。この状態でヒータ本体１３及びフランジ１５を図示しない治具で支持する。   Next, after forming a cup-shaped flange 15 by press-molding a plate material made of stainless steel, the flange 15 is externally fitted to a predetermined mounting position of the heater main body 13 as shown in FIG. 8D. In this state, the heater body 13 and the flange 15 are supported by a jig (not shown).

また、ホウケイ酸ガラスからなる上記ガラス材料をリング状にプレス成形し、これを６４０℃で３０分仮焼して、仮焼済みガラス材５５を作製する。そして、図８（ｅ）に示されるように、ヒータ本体１３とフランジ１５との間のガラス溜り部３５に、リング状の仮焼済みガラス材５５を配置する。   Further, the above-mentioned glass material made of borosilicate glass is press-molded in a ring shape, and calcined at 640 ° C. for 30 minutes to produce a calcined glass material 55. Then, as shown in FIG. 8 (e), the ring-shaped calcined glass material 55 is arranged in the glass reservoir 35 between the heater body 13 and the flange 15.

次に、この状態のものを焼成用の連続炉に投入して、ヒータ本体１３とフランジ１５とのガラス付けを行う。具体的には、連続炉内を還元雰囲気（例えば、Ｎ２＋５％Ｈ２）にして溶着温度（１０１５℃）で所定時間加熱することで、仮焼済みガラス材５５を溶融させる。その後、仮焼済みガラス材５５を常温（例えば２５℃）まで冷却して固化させることで、ガラス３３を介してヒータ本体１３とフランジ１５とを溶着固定し、セラミックヒータ１１を完成させる。 Next, this state is put into a continuous firing furnace, and the heater body 13 and the flange 15 are glassed. Specifically, the calcined glass material 55 is melted by setting the inside of the continuous furnace to a reducing atmosphere (for example, N 2 + 5% H 2 ) and heating at a welding temperature (1015 ° C.) for a predetermined time. Thereafter, the calcined glass material 55 is cooled to room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.) and solidified, whereby the heater body 13 and the flange 15 are welded and fixed via the glass 33, thereby completing the ceramic heater 11.

１１…セラミックヒータ、１３…ヒータ本体、１５…フランジ、１６…凹状部、２７…穴部、３３…ガラス、３５…ガラス溜り部、ｄ１…フランジの径方向、Ｓ１…第一面、Ｓ２…第二面   11: ceramic heater, 13: heater body, 15: flange, 16: concave portion, 27: hole, 33: glass, 35: glass reservoir, d1: radial direction of flange, S1: first surface, S2: first Dihedral

Claims (4)

軸線方向に延びるセラミック製の筒状のヒータ本体と、前記ヒータ本体に外嵌されている金属製の環状のフランジとを備えたセラミックヒータにおいて、
前記フランジにはアース線が接続され、
前記フランジは、前記軸線方向に延びる円筒状の側部と、当該側部に連なり径方向に縮径するように湾曲する底部と、からなる凹状部を有し、
前記凹状部には絶縁材が充填され、当該絶縁材を介して前記ヒータ本体に接合され、
前記フランジは、前記底部に連なり前記軸線方向の先端側に延びて水中に直接曝される延伸部をさらに有することを特徴とするセラミックヒータ。 A ceramic heater comprising a ceramic cylindrical heater body extending in the axial direction, and a metal annular flange externally fitted to the heater body.
An earth wire is connected to the flange,
The flange has a concave portion composed of a cylindrical side portion extending in the axial direction and a bottom portion connected to the side portion and curved so as to be reduced in diameter in a radial direction,
The concave portion is filled with an insulating material, and is joined to the heater main body via the insulating material,
The ceramic heater according to claim 1, wherein the flange further includes an extension portion connected to the bottom portion and extending toward the distal end in the axial direction and directly exposed to water. 請求項１に記載のセラミックヒータであって、
前記延伸部は、前記絶縁材よりも前記軸線方向の先端側に突出しているセラミックヒータ。 The ceramic heater according to claim 1, wherein
A ceramic heater in which the extending portion protrudes from the insulating material to a tip side in the axial direction. 請求項１または請求項２に記載のセラミックヒータであって、
前記絶縁材はガラスで構成されたセラミックヒータ。 The ceramic heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
A ceramic heater, wherein the insulating material is made of glass. 請求項１〜３の何れか１項に記載のセラミックヒータであって、
前記延伸部は、前記底部の外面から０．５ｍｍ以上突出しているセラミックヒータ。

The ceramic heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A ceramic heater in which the extending portion projects from the outer surface of the bottom by 0.5 mm or more.

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