JP2020002660A - Dwelling house - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a dwelling house which can secure a necessary structural resistance even when a whole surface window is provided on an exterior wall facing a courtyard.SOLUTION: In a dwelling house 1 in which an indoor space 2 having a rectangular first space 2a having a living room 21, a rectangular second space 2b that is provided with a distance from the first space 2a and has a main entrance and a connecting passage 2c connecting the first space 2a and the second space 2b is formed in an U-shaped plan view, and a courtyard 4 surrounded by the first space 2a, the connecting passage 2c and the second space 2b is arranged inside the U-shaped space, a whole surface window 6 separating the first space 2a and the courtyard 4 is formed, and a bearing wall 9 projecting to the outdoor side from an exterior wall 5a that is formed on substantially the same straight line in plan view as the whole surface window 6 and at a position sandwiching the indoor space 2 from the whole surface window 6 is formed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a house provided with a courtyard, and particularly to a house having an impression that an indoor space is connected to the outside even in a strong wind.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a house formed in a U-shape in plan view and having a garden arranged inside the U-shape (for example, see Patent Document 1). By arranging in this way, windows can be provided facing the courtyard to secure lighting and ventilation inside the house, and the courtyard is open to the outside of the premises. It is easy to secure the privacy of indoor and indoor spaces, and it is difficult for wind to enter the courtyard, so that damage such as planting can be suppressed even in the case of strong winds, and the intrusion of wind into the house can be suppressed.

JP-A-2002-227433

  By the way, if the window formed facing the courtyard is a large opening that opens most of the floor to ceiling, it gives the impression that the courtyard is connected to the indoor space. And the indoor space can be made a more comfortable space.

  However, if the outer wall facing the courtyard has a large opening, a bearing wall cannot be provided on the outer wall facing the courtyard, and the structural strength may be insufficient.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a house that can secure necessary structural strength even when an entire window is provided on an outer wall facing a courtyard.

  The house of the present invention is provided with a first rectangular space having a living room, a second space having an entrance provided at a distance from the first space, and a connection connecting the first space and the second space. An indoor space having a passage is formed in a U-shape in plan view, and the first space, the communication passage, and a courtyard surrounded by the second space are arranged inside the U-shape, An overall window separating the first space and the courtyard is formed, and the exterior window is formed substantially on the same straight line as the overall window in plan view and at a position sandwiching the indoor space from the overall window. It is characterized in that a bearing wall protruding outward is formed.

  The house of the present invention is characterized in that one or more additional bearing walls parallel to the bearing wall are formed to protrude from the outer wall.

  The house of the present invention is characterized in that a horizontal brace is erected on the upper end of the load-bearing wall and the additional load-bearing wall.

  The house of the present invention is characterized in that a door is provided between the outdoor end of the load-bearing wall and the additional load-bearing wall.

  In the house of the present invention, a soil space extending from the entrance to a part of the communication passage is formed, and the soil space is substantially the same height as the floor surface of the communication passage and the first space. The length in the depth direction is at least four times the opening width of the entrance door provided at the entrance.

  The house of the present invention is characterized in that a slope is formed at the approach from the approach road to the entrance, and the approach, the dirt floor, and the floor surface are connected without any step.

  The house of the present invention has a ceiling height of at least the first floor, which is continuous with an outer wall forming the first space and an outer wall forming the second space on a surface of the courtyard that is not surrounded by the indoor space. A height of the wall is formed, and an entrance having a height of 1 m or less from the ground is formed in the wall.

  The house of the present invention is characterized in that the entrance is formed to be openable and closable by a lockable sliding door.

  According to the house of the present invention, the indoor space is formed in a U-shape in plan view, and the first space, the communication passage, and the courtyard surrounded by the second space are arranged, so that the inside of the building is exposed to strong outdoor winds. Ventilation and lighting can be obtained through the courtyard while protecting and maintaining privacy. Further, since the entire window separating the first space having the living room and the courtyard is formed, it is possible to feel nature while staying indoors. And, since the part separating the indoor space and the courtyard of the U-shaped building in plan view becomes the whole window, it is not possible to provide a bearing wall in the part, and there is a possibility that the structural strength of the house may be insufficient. Since the bearing wall is formed substantially on the same straight line as the entire window in plan view and protrudes to the outside of the outer wall at a position sandwiching the indoor space from the full window, the structural strength of the house can be supplemented. In particular, by disposing the load-bearing wall at a position substantially on the same straight line as the entire window, the load-bearing wall can be disposed in a well-balanced manner.

  Further, according to the house of the present invention, since one or more additional load-bearing walls parallel to the load-bearing walls are formed so as to protrude from the outer wall, a plurality of load-bearing walls can be formed without increasing the length of one load-bearing wall protruding from the outer wall. Can supplement the structural strength of the house.

  Furthermore, according to the house of the present invention, since the horizontal braces are erected on the upper ends of the load-bearing wall and the additional load-bearing wall, the load-bearing wall and the additional load-bearing wall bear the structural load integrally, so that the structural strength of the house is further supplemented. Can be.

  According to the house of the present invention, since the door is provided between the outdoor end of the bearing wall and the additional bearing wall, the space between the bearing wall and the additional bearing wall is used as a storage space, for example. Can be.

  Further, according to the house of the present invention, a dirt extending from the entrance to a part of the communication passage is formed, and the dirt is substantially the same height as the floor of the communication passage and the first space. It is possible to enter the first space without barriers and realize barrier-free. Since the length of the dirt in the depth direction is at least four times the opening width of the entrance door provided at the entrance, even if dust or the like enters the indoor space from the outside through the entrance door, the dirt extends in the depth direction. Therefore, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the floor surface.

  According to the house of the present invention, a slope is formed in the approach from the approach road to the entrance, and the approach, the dirt, and the floor surface are connected with no step, so the step from the approach road to the living room in the first space is not provided. It can be eliminated and barrier-free can be realized.

  According to the house of the present invention, on the surface not surrounded by the indoor space of the courtyard, the outer wall forming the first space and the outer wall forming the second space are flush with each other, and are higher than the ceiling height of at least the first floor. Because the wall is formed, the courtyard can be separated from the outside, and a house with a sense of security can be provided as seen from the indoor space and the courtyard. Further, by forming an entrance with a height of 1 m or less from the ground on the wall, it is possible to enter and exit from the courtyard, and to guide an appropriate wind to the courtyard while blocking the line of sight from the outside.

  According to the house of the present invention, since the doorway is formed to be openable and closable by a lockable sliding door, the doorway can be closed, for example, in the case of a strong wind, so that wind can be prevented from entering the courtyard, and Security can be enhanced when the user is out of the office.

Sectional drawing which shows the planar structure of the 1st floor of a house. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part II-II of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part III-III of FIG. 1. Sectional drawing which shows the planar structure of the 2nd floor of a house. The front view which looked at the house from the south side. Sectional drawing which cut | disconnected the house by the II line of FIG. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of a dashed-dotted line in FIG. 6. The figure explaining the example fixed to a load-bearing wall to a decorative exterior material, and using between a load-bearing wall and an additional load-bearing wall as a storage space. The figure explaining the internal structure of a bearing wall and an additional bearing wall.

  Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the house 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The house 1 in the present embodiment is a two-story building, and an indoor space 2 on the first floor and an indoor space on the second floor are connected by a stair 3 as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the indoor space 2 on the first floor has a rectangular first space 2a, a rectangular second space 2b provided at a distance from the first space 2a, a first space 2a and a second space 2a. An elongated communication passage 2c connecting the space 2b is provided. The first space 2a, the communication passage 2c, and the second space 2b are arranged so that the outer wall 5a on the north side is flush, and the indoor space 2 on the first floor is formed in a substantially U-shape in plan view. . Here, the “substantially U-shape in plan view” refers to a shape in which, when a horizontal section is viewed at the height of the first floor of the house 1, an intermediate portion of one side of the rectangle is recessed into a rectangle. . A courtyard 4 surrounded by a first space 2a, a communication passage 2c, and a second space 2b is formed inside the U-shape of the house 1. A communication passage 2c is formed on the north side of the courtyard 4, a first space 2a is formed on the west side of the courtyard 4, and a second space 2b is formed on the east side of the courtyard 4.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first space 2a is formed in a square shape having a side of about 8 m when viewed in a plan view, and the living space 21a is located on the east side facing the courtyard 4 of the first space 2a. And a dining room 22 are formed. In the west space of the first space 2a, a kitchen 23 is formed adjacent to the dining room 22, and a storage unit 24 such as a pantry and a staircase 3 connected to the second floor are provided adjacent to the living room 21 and the kitchen 23. Is formed.

  A part of the first space 2a faces the communication passage 2c on the east side, and the other part faces the courtyard 4 on the east side. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, an entire window 6 is formed between the first space 2 a and the courtyard 4. No fittings are provided at the boundary between the first space 2a and the communication passage 2c, and no steps are provided on the floor surface and the ceiling surface. An entire window 6 is formed between the first space 2a and the courtyard 4. The entire window 6 is formed of a translucent glass from the ceiling to the floor, and is formed in the horizontal direction over the entire boundary between the first space 2a and the courtyard 4. On the southernmost side of the front window 6, a glass door 6a through which a resident can enter and exit the courtyard 4 is formed, and a portion other than the door 6a is a fitted-in window 6b. Note that a non-transparent fitting frame is formed in a frame portion of the hinged door 6a in the entire window 6. In addition, the "full-surface window" is sufficient if almost the entire surface of the boundary between the first space 2a and the courtyard 4 has a light-transmitting property. It is only necessary that the removed part be formed transparent.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the courtyard 4 has a deck portion 4a formed along the first space 2a and a topsoil portion 4b serving as the ground of the soil. The deck portion 4a is formed with, for example, a wood deck 4c, and the height of the upper surface is formed to be substantially the same as the floor surface 26a of the first space 2a. Further, an eaves 4d is formed above the deck portion 4a, and the eaves 4d are substantially equal to the protruding length of the wood deck 4c. Further, the height of the lower surface of the eaves 4d is substantially equal to the height of the ceiling of the first space 2a. The first space 2a is connected to the courtyard 4 by the entire window 6, and the floor 26a is almost equal to the height of the upper surface of the wooden deck 4c, and the ceiling is almost equal to the height of the lower surface of the eaves 4d. The interior courtyard 4 can be a connected space. The floor of the deck section 4a is not limited to the wooden deck 4c, and may be, for example, a terrace made of stone or tile. Preferably, if the floor of the deck portion 4a has the same material and the same pattern as the floor surface 26a of the first space 2a, the impression that the first space 2a and the courtyard 4 are more connected can be provided.

  A topsoil portion 4b is formed on the east side of the deck portion 4a, and plants (not shown) are arranged. The ground of the topsoil portion 4b is substantially the same height as the ground GL adjacent to the courtyard 4 outside the house 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a wall 7 is formed on the south side of the courtyard 4. The wall body 7 is formed on a plane that is continuous with the outer wall 5b on the south side of the first space 2a and the outer wall 5b on the south side of the second space 2b, and is formed higher than the ceiling height of the first floor. The height of the wall 7 is, for example, 4.5 m from the ground GL. The first space 2a is connected to the courtyard 4 by the entire window 6, but since the high wall 7 is formed and the courtyard 4 is separated from the outside, the first space 2a having the living room 21 and the dining room 22 is provided. While the space 2a has an impression of being connected to the courtyard 4 located outdoors, it can be a space that has a sense of security for crime prevention and privacy that is isolated from the outside of the house 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the wall 7 is formed with an entrance 8 that can enter and exit the courtyard 4 from the outside. The entrance 8 is an opening having a width of about 2 m and a height of 1 m or less from the ground GL, and is formed adjacent to the topsoil portion 4 b of the courtyard 4. The doorway 8 is provided with a lockable sliding door 8a which can be opened and closed freely. The sliding door 8a may be configured to be lockable only from the courtyard 4 side, or may be configured to be lockable from both the courtyard 4 side and the outside. Since the entrance 8 is provided in the wall body 7 and the ground of the topsoil portion 4b and the ground GL adjacent to the courtyard 4 outside the house 1 are substantially at the same height, the entrance 8 is opened. In addition, the ground of the topsoil portion 4b of the courtyard 4 and the external ground GL are connected without any step, so that the courtyard 4 can be made to have an impression that the courtyard 4 is spread while the wall 7 is provided. In addition, by opening the entrance 8, the wind can be guided from the outside of the house 1 to the vicinity of the ground of the courtyard 4. By setting the entrance 8 to an opening of 1 m or less, even when the entrance 8 is open, almost no line of sight of an adult outside can be blocked. In particular, since the floor surface 26a of the first space 2a connected to the courtyard 4 by the front window 6 is about 500 mm higher than the ground GL, by setting the height of the entrance 8 to 1 m from the ground GL, Can be prevented from reaching the first space 2a.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 8, and 9, the house is located on the substantially same straight line as the entire window 6 in plan view and at a position sandwiching the indoor space 2 from the entire window 6. A bearing wall 9 projecting outward is formed. The load-bearing wall 9 is formed so as to protrude, for example, 1.5 m in the horizontal direction from the outer wall 5a on the north side, and has a frame 9a and a brace 9b fixed in an X shape inside the frame 9a. . Further, two additional bearing walls 10 project from the north outer wall 5a in parallel with the bearing wall 9 described above. The additional bearing wall 10 is formed at a distance of 1 m from the adjacent bearing wall 9. The additional bearing wall 10 has the same configuration as the above-described bearing wall 9. A horizontal frame 11b is installed between the upper ends of the load-bearing wall 9 and the additional load-bearing wall 10, and between the upper ends of the additional load-bearing walls 10, respectively. A horizontal brace 11a is installed in an X-shape inside the horizontal frame 11b. Have been.

  As described above, since the portion separating the first space 2a and the courtyard 4 becomes the entire window 6, a bearing wall cannot be provided at the portion, and the structural strength of the house 1 may be insufficient. As described above, the load-bearing wall 9 is formed substantially on the same straight line as the overall window 6 in a plan view, and protrudes from the entire window 6 to the outside of the outer wall 5a at a position sandwiching the indoor space 2, thereby forming the structure of the house 1. Strength can be compensated in a well-balanced manner. In addition, since the bearing wall 9 and the two additional bearing walls 10 project from the outer wall 5a on the north side, it is possible to bear a large bearing without increasing the length of the projection, and the horizontal brace provided at the upper end is provided. Since the bearing wall 9 and the additional bearing wall 10 bear the structural strength integrally by 11a, the structural strength of the house 1 can be further supplemented.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the load-bearing wall 9, the additional load-bearing wall 10, and the horizontal brace 11 a are housed in the decorative exterior material 12, and are disposed between the outdoor end of the load-bearing wall 9 and the additional load-bearing wall 10. Preferably, a door 13 is provided. With this configuration, the space between the load-bearing wall 9 and the additional load-bearing wall 10 can be used as a storage space 14 such as an external storage.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the communication passage 2c is a long passage having a width of about 2 m and a length of about 8 m, and connects the first space 2a and the second space 2b. 4m of the communication passage 2c on the first space 2a side is a floor surface 26b of the flooring, and 4m on the second space 2b side is a soil floor 25b. The storage space 25b of the communication passage 2c has a structure such as a clog box formed in about 1m of the width 2m, and the passage width of the storage space 25b through which a resident can pass is about 1m.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the second space 2b has a rectangular shape in plan view with a frontage direction (north-south direction) of 8 m and a depth direction (east-west direction) of 4 m. An entrance provided with an entrance door 15 is formed on the outer wall 5c on the east side of the northeast corner of the second space 2b. The entrance of this embodiment does not have an entrance hall, but only the dirt 25a. The entrance door 15 is formed by a sliding door having an opening width of about 1 m. On the indoor side of the entrance door 15, a soil space 25a is formed. The soil space 25a has a width of 1 m, extends 4 m in the depth direction along the north outer wall 5a, and is connected to the soil space 25b of the communication passage 2c. The floor 25a of the second space 2b, the floor 25b of the communication passage 2c, the floor 26b of the communication passage 2c, and the floor 26a of the first space 2a are all formed at the same height, and are barrier-free with no steps. ing. Here, the "floor surface" refers to an area where flooring is prohibited such as flooring and tatami, and the "soil floor" refers to a flooring area such as Sanwa clay, concrete casting, and tiled.

  While the opening width of the entrance door 15 is 1 m, the length in the depth direction of the spaces 25a and 25b is 8 m in total in the space 25a of the second space 2b and the space 25b of the communication passage 2c. As described above, since the length in the depth direction of the soil spaces 25a and 25b is formed to be eight times as long as the opening width of the entrance door 15, there is no step like a rising frame. In addition, it is possible to prevent foreign substances such as dust and the like that pass through the entrance from the outside and flow into the indoor space 2 from entering the communication passage 2c, which is a foot-prohibited area, and the floor surface 26a of the first space 2a. Note that the length in the depth direction of the soil spaces 25a and 25b is not limited to the above-described size, and may be at least four times the opening width of the entrance door 15.

  A Japanese-style room 27 is formed on the south side of the second space 2b, and a storage 28 and a toilet 29 are formed between the soil space 25a and the Japanese-style room 27. In addition, a dirt corridor 30 connecting the dirt 25a and the Japanese-style room 27 is formed along the outer wall 5c on the east side of the second space 2b. A partition door 31 is openably and closably provided between the dirt space 25a provided on the north side of the second space 2b and the dirt corridor 30. An edge 32 of the flooring is formed on the courtyard 4 side of the second space 2 b, and a lighting window 33 is provided between the edge 32 and the courtyard 4, and a sliding door 34 is provided between the edge 32 and the Japanese-style room 27. Is provided. By arranging in this way, natural light can be taken into the Japanese-style room 27 from the courtyard 4 via the edge 32. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, a top light 35 is formed on the Japanese room 27, and natural light can be taken in from the top light 35 as well.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, an entrance porch 36 is formed on the east side of the outside with the entrance door 15 of the second space 2b interposed therebetween. A part of the entrance porch 36 is provided with an approach 38 that is connected to the approach path 37. The approach 38 is provided with a slope 39, and the approach 38, the floor 25a of the entrance, the floor 25b of the communication passage 2c, and the communication passage 2c are provided. The floor surface 26b of the first space 2a and the floor surface 26b of the first space 2a are connected without any step. In addition, a carriage side 40 is formed adjacent to the approach 38 on the east side of the approach 38. Above the entrance porch 36 and the porch 40, an indoor space on the second floor of the house 1 is formed so as to protrude, and a wall portion 41 extending from the east end of the second floor of the house 1 to the ground is formed. The wall 41 faces the entrance door 15 with the entrance porch 36 and the carriage 40 interposed therebetween. By providing the wall portion 41 in this manner, even when the entrance door 15 is opened, it is possible to prevent the wind from directly entering the indoor space 2 of the entrance, so that the strong wind enters the interior from the opening of the entrance door 15. Therefore, it is possible to prevent dust and the like from entering the indoor communication passage 2c and the floor surface 26a of the first space 2a.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the indoor space on the second floor of the house 1 includes a third space 42 formed on the first space 2a on the first floor, and a second-floor passage 43 formed on the communication passage 2c. , And a part of the second space 2 b on the first floor, the entrance porch 36, and the fourth space 44 formed on the carriage 40. The third space 42 includes a plurality of bedrooms 45, a walk-in closet 46, and a toilet 47. A balcony 48 is provided on the side facing the courtyard 4. The second-floor passage 43 has a width of 2 m, and a window 49 is formed in a part facing the courtyard 4. The fourth space 44 is formed in a rectangular shape over the northern part of the second space 2b, over the entrance porch 36 and above the car stop, and the bathroom 50, the washroom 51, the laundry 52, and the balcony 53 are formed. Is formed. The second-floor part is open because no structure of the house 1 is provided on the south side where the wall 7 is formed on the first floor and on the southeast side where the Japanese-style room 27 is formed on the first floor. To take sunlight into the courtyard 4.

  As described above, in the house 1 of the present embodiment, the courtyard 4 keeps the lighting and ventilation to each part of the house 1 while the courtyard 4 is closed by the wall body 7, so that the strong wind at the time of strong wind is generated in the indoor space 2. Can be prevented from invading. By providing the entire window 6 between the first space 2a and the courtyard 4, it is possible to give an impression that the indoor space 2 and the outside are connected, and the structural tolerance of the house 1 is insufficient due to the entire window 6. Even if the bearing wall 9 and the additional bearing wall 10 are formed, the bearing strength can be reinforced.

  It goes without saying that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the concept of the present invention.

  The house 1 according to the present invention is particularly suitable as a house 1 in an area where there are many strong winds.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 House 2 Indoor space 2a First space 2b Second space 2c Communication passage 4 Courtyard 6 Full window 7 Wall 8 Entrance 9 Load-bearing wall 10 Additional load-bearing wall 11a Horizontal brace 25a Floor of second space 25b Floor of connecting corridor 26a First Floor of space 26b Floor of connecting corridor 37 Approach 38 Approach 39 Slope

Claims (8)

An indoor space having a rectangular first space having a living room, a rectangular second space having an entrance provided at a distance from the first space, and a communication passage connecting the first space and the second space. Is formed in a U-shape in plan view, and the first space, the communication passage, and a house in which a courtyard surrounded by the second space is arranged inside the U-shape,
An entire window separating the first space and the courtyard is formed,
A house, wherein a load-bearing wall is formed substantially on the same straight line as the whole window in a plan view, and protrudes outward from an outer wall formed at a position sandwiching an indoor space from the whole window.   The house according to claim 1, wherein one or more additional bearing walls parallel to the bearing wall are formed to protrude from the outer wall.   The house according to claim 2, wherein a horizontal brace is erected on upper ends of the load-bearing wall and the additional load-bearing wall.   4. The house according to claim 2, wherein a door is provided between outdoor ends of the load-bearing wall and the additional load-bearing wall. 5. A soil space extending from the entrance to a part of the communication passage is formed, and the soil space is substantially the same height as a floor surface of the communication passage and the first space,
The house according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a length in a depth direction of the soil is four times or more an opening width of an entrance door provided at the entrance.   6. The house according to claim 5, wherein a slope is formed at an approach from the approach road to the entrance, and the approach, the slab, and the floor surface are connected without any step. On a surface of the courtyard that is not surrounded by the indoor space, a wall body that is higher than the ceiling height of at least the first floor is continuous with the outer wall that forms the first space and the outer wall that forms the second space. Is formed,
The house according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an entrance having a height of 1 m or less from the ground is formed in the wall body.   The house according to claim 7, wherein the entrance is formed so as to be openable and closable by a lockable sliding door.

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