JP2020000028A - Combine and grain discharge yield calculation method - Google Patents

Abstract

To calculate accurately yield in the state where grains are required to be discharged from a grain tank, regardless of a storage state of grains.SOLUTION: A combine including a grain tank into which threshed grains are supplied so as to be stored therein, also includes a flow-rate sensor 50 provided in the grain tank, for measuring a flow rate of supplied grains, and a control unit 22 for calculating discharge yield of grains stored in the grain tank in a discharge state requiring discharge of grains from the grain tank, on the basis of the flow rate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine provided with a grain tank for storing threshed grains, and a grain discharge yield calculation method for calculating the yield of grains stored in the grain tank.

  Some combiners include a grain tank that stores threshed grains and a grain discharging device that discharges the grains stored in the grain tank to the outside. The grains stored in the grain tank are generally discharged from the grain discharge device when the grain tank is full. Therefore, the combine disclosed in Patent Literature 1 includes a full sensor that detects that the grains in the grain tank are full.

JP 2004-187505 A

  The full sensor disclosed in Patent Literature 1 is provided in an upper region in a grain tank, and detects that the full sensor is full by detecting the grain. Therefore, depending on the storage state of the grains in the grain tank, the grains stored in the grain tank are biased even though the grains are not full, and the full sensor may erroneously detect the full state. there were. Conversely, in some cases, the full sensor does not detect the kernel even though the kernel is stored more than the assumed full.

  An object of the present invention is to accurately calculate the yield in a state where it is necessary to discharge grains from a grain tank, regardless of the storage state of grains.

The combine according to one embodiment includes:
A combine having a grain tank in which threshed grains are supplied and stored,
A flow sensor that is provided in the grain tank and measures a flow rate of the supplied grain,
A control unit configured to calculate, based on the flow rate, a discharge yield of the kernel stored in the kernel tank in a discharge state in which the kernel needs to be discharged from the kernel tank.

  With such a configuration, even when the grains are stored unevenly in the grain tank due to the influence of the flow rate of the supplied grains, the discharge yield corresponding to the discharge state is detected in consideration of the flow rate. And the stored grains can be discharged at an appropriate timing.

Further, a full level sensor is provided in the grain tank and detects the grain when the grain tank is full,
The discharge state may be a state in which the full level sensor has detected the kernel.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to accurately calculate the discharge yield in a state where the full level sensor has detected the kernel, and it is possible to discharge the kernel stored at an appropriate timing.

Further, a plurality of level sensors for detecting that the grain is stored to a predetermined height of the grain tank,
A communication unit that communicates with the outside and acquires the requested amount from the outside,
The discharge state may be a state in which a level sensor corresponding to the required amount among the plurality of level sensors detects the kernel.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to discharge grains at appropriate timings according to the respective discharge yields, while supporting various discharge yields required by external devices.

Further, a yield sensor is provided below the grain tank and outputs an output value based on the weight of the grain tank,
Preferably, the control unit calculates a current yield based on the flow rate and the output value.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to systematically discharge the grains while comparing the discharge yield with the current yield, and to discharge the grains stored up to the discharge yield at a more appropriate timing.

Further, the control unit is a second flow rate indicating the relationship between the output value and the yield of the kernel stored in the kernel tank when storing the kernel in the kernel tank at a specific first flow rate value. Relationship between the output value and the yield of the kernel stored in the kernel tank when the kernel is stored in the kernel tank at a specific second flow rate value larger than the first map and the first flow rate value Using the second map indicating the above, the current yield is calculated from the output value,
The current yield is calculated by calculating the yield in the first map for the output value and the yield in the second map for the output value based on the first flow rate value, the second flow rate value, and the flow rate. It is preferable to prorate.

  With such a configuration, the map showing the relationship between the output value of the yield sensor and the yield in accordance with the flow rate allows the current yield to be calculated more accurately. The discharge of kernels can be accurately and systematically performed, and the stored kernels can be discharged at a more appropriate timing up to the discharge yield.

  Further, it is preferable that the control unit calculates a time from the current yield to the discharge yield based on the flow rate.

  By calculating the time until the emission yield is reached, it is possible to grasp the timing at which the grain should be discharged by time, and it is easier to discharge the stored grain to the emission yield at an appropriate timing. it can.

Further, the flow sensor is
A primary storage box for storing a part of the supplied kernels,
A measuring unit that measures the time when a certain amount of the grains are stored in the primary storage box,
A shutter for discharging the kernel when a certain amount of the kernel is stored in the primary storage box, and calculating the flow rate from a time and a storage amount in which a certain amount of the kernel is stored. Is preferred.

  With such a configuration, the flow rate can be accurately measured continuously during the supply of the grain, and the current yield can be obtained with high accuracy. Can be discharged.

  Further, it is preferable that a component sensor for measuring a component of the grain stored in the primary storage box is provided.

  With such a configuration, the measurement of the flow rate and the measurement of the components can be efficiently performed by one device, and the weight or the volume can be appropriately selected and used as the yield.

Grain emission yield calculation method according to one embodiment,
In a combine having a grain tank in which threshed grains are supplied and stored and a yield sensor that outputs an output value based on the weight of the grain tank, discharging the grains from the grain tank may be performed. A grain discharge yield calculation method for calculating a discharge yield of the grains stored in the grain tank in a required discharge state,
Measuring the flow rate of the grain supplied to the grain tank,
Calculating the emission yield based on the flow rate.

  With such a configuration, even when the grains are stored unevenly in the grain tank due to the influence of the flow rate of the supplied grains, the discharge yield corresponding to the discharge state is detected in consideration of the flow rate. And the stored grains can be discharged at an appropriate timing.

A step of previously obtaining a first yield at which the liquid is discharged when storage is continued at a specific first flow rate value;
A step of previously obtaining a second yield to be in the discharge state when the storage is continued at a specific second flow rate value larger than the first flow rate value,
In the step of calculating the discharge yield, it is preferable that the first yield and the second yield are proportioned according to a ratio of the flow rate to the first flow rate value and the second flow rate value.

  With such a configuration, using the relationship between the flow rate and the discharge flow rate obtained in advance, it is possible to obtain a more accurate discharge yield from the flow rate, so that the stored grains can be discharged at a more appropriate timing. .

It is a whole side view of a combine. It is a combine vertical back view which shows a grain conveyance mechanism and a grain tank. It is a vertical side view of a quality measuring device installation part. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the storage state of the grain stored in a grain tank. It is a schematic diagram explaining the composition which corrects yield. It is a figure which shows the flow of the method of correcting a yield. It is a figure explaining correction of yield using a map. It is a figure which shows the flow of the method of detecting a discharge state by a yield. It is the schematic explaining the discharge operation | movement of a combine.

  Hereinafter, a combine according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

〔overall structure〕
As shown in FIG. 1, a combine according to the present invention includes a traveling machine body 2 that is self-propelled by a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 1 and 1, and a harvesting unit 3 that harvests planted grain culms at the front of the traveling machine body 2. Is provided. A driving unit 5 whose periphery is covered by a cabin 4 is provided on the front right side of the traveling machine body 2. Behind the operation unit 5, a threshing device 6 for threshing grain culms harvested by the harvesting unit 3 and a grain tank 7 for storing grains obtained by threshing are arranged side by side. Deployed in state. The grain tank 7 is located on the right side of the fuselage, and the threshing device 6 is located on the left side of the fuselage. That is, the operating unit 5 is located in front of the grain tank 7. An engine is provided below the driver's seat 8 in the driver 5. At the rear of the traveling machine body 2 and behind the grain tank 7, a grain discharging device 9 for discharging the grains stored in the grain tank 7 out of the machine is provided. The threshed grains are transported from the threshing device 6 to the interior of the grain tank 7 by the grain transport mechanism 16. A load cell 10 is provided below the grain tank 7 as an example of a yield sensor for measuring the yield of grains stored in the grain tank 7. The load cell 10 detects the pressure received according to the weight (yield) of the grain as a voltage or the like by a strain sensor. The weight (yield) of the stored grains is calculated from the output voltage.

(Grain transport mechanism)
Next, the grain transport mechanism 16 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The grain transport mechanism 16 includes a first thing collection screw 16A, a lifting conveyor 16B, and a horizontal conveyor 16C provided at the bottom of the threshing device 6.

  A grain discharging device 13 that diffuses and discharges the grains into the grain tank 7 is provided in the terminal region of the lateral feed conveyor 16C. The grain discharge device 13 includes a discharge rotating body 32 and a discharge case 31 that covers the periphery of the discharge rotating body 32. The discharge rotating body 32 is a rotating blade composed of a rotating shaft 32b and a blade plate 32a provided on the rotating shaft 32b. The blade 32a is fixed to the rotating shaft 32b so as to protrude radially outward from the rotating shaft 32b. The slat 32a has a substantially flat pushing surface for pushing the grains in the direction of rotation. The discharge case 31 is a cylindrical shape having an inner diameter slightly larger than the rotation locus of the blade plate 32a. A part of the peripheral surface of the discharge case 31 is notched. The cutout forms a grain discharge port 30 that discharges the grain to the rear side inside the grain tank 7 by the rotation of the blade plate 32a. Further, a plurality of openings 33 are formed on the lower surface side of the discharge case 31 of the grain discharge device 13. Grains for measurement described later (part of the grains stored in the tank) leak through the opening 33 and are supplied to a temporary storage section 51 described later.

[Quality measuring device]
At an upper position inside the grain tank 7, a quality measuring device 50 that measures the quality of the grain is provided. The quality measuring device 50 measures the components (quality) of the grain such as the water content and the protein amount of the grain. As shown in FIG. 3, the quality measuring device 50 controls a temporary storage unit 51 as a first storage unit for temporarily storing a kernel to be measured and a kernel stored in the temporary storage unit 51. A measuring unit 52 is provided as a quality measuring unit that measures quality by performing a measuring operation. As shown in FIG. 3, the temporary storage unit 51 is located inside the grain tank 7, and the measurement unit 52 is located outside the grain tank 7. The measuring unit 52 is housed inside a storage case 53 formed in a sealed shape. The temporary storage unit 51 is formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape integrally connected to the inner side surface of the storage case 53, and can store grains therein.

  The temporary storage section 51 has an up-down passage 55 penetrating in the up-down direction inside thereof, a discharge port 56 formed in the middle of the up-down path 55, and a closed position for closing the discharge port 56 (see the figure). A shutter 57 whose position can be changed to an open position (not shown) for opening the discharge port 56, and an operation unit (not shown) for changing the attitude of the shutter 57 by the driving force of an electric motor (not shown). .

  The temporary storage unit 51 receives a part of the grains transported into the grain tank 7 by the grain transport mechanism 16 and released from the grain release device 13 as grains for measurement, and stores the grains.

  In the temporary storage section 51, the upper end of the vertical passage 55 is opened, and a grain intake 62 is formed. The grains released from the grain discharging device 13 are taken in from the intake port 62, the grains are received in a state where the shutter 57 is switched to the closed state, and a storage space formed above the shutter 57 for storage. 63 can store the grains. When the shutter 57 is switched to the open state, the stored grains are dropped and discharged downward and returned to the inside of the grain tank 7.

  Temporary storage unit 51 includes primary storage sensor 65 in space 63. The primary storage sensor 65 is a contact sensor, and can detect that a certain amount of grains has been stored in the space 63. The measuring unit 52 measures the quality of the grains in a state where the grains are stored in a certain amount. After the primary storage sensor 65 detects that a certain amount of grain has been stored in the space 63, and the measuring unit 52 measures the component (quality), the operating unit (not shown) opens the shutter 57. The position is changed, and the kernel is discharged to the measured kernel storage space S described later.

  The measuring unit 52 irradiates light toward the grains stored in the storage space 63 and measures the internal quality of the grains based on the light obtained from the grains by a spectroscopic analysis technique that is a known technique. I do. A window 64 through which light can pass is formed on the side surface on the measurement unit 52 side of the side surface forming the storage space 63, and the measurement unit 52 irradiates the kernel with light through the window 64, Receives light from the grain.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the measured grain storage space S is an area surrounded by a wall 66, communicates with the storage space 63 in the temporary storage unit 51 through the discharge port 56, and has a side portion. The storage space Q (inner space) of the grain tank 7 is defined, and the lower part thereof communicates with the storage space Q of the grain tank 7. The measured grain storage part 66 is formed so as to be wider in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction with respect to the temporary storage part 51 in plan view, and the lower part is wider in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction than the upper part. It extends to the lower part of the tank 7. Since the measured grain storage space S is partitioned from the storage space Q, no grain flows from the storage space Q during storage of the grain. Therefore, regardless of the storage state of the grain tank 7, only the grains discharged from the temporary storage unit 51 are stored in the measured grain storage space S. As a result, the flow rate can be reliably measured a number of times corresponding to the size of the measured grain storage space S.

  Further, as described above, when the shutter 57 is closed, grains are stored in the space 63, and after a certain amount of grains are stored in the space 63, when the measurement of the components is completed, the shutter 57 is opened to open the grain. Is discharged. Therefore, in a state where the grains are supplied to the grain tank 7, the quality measuring device 50 can measure the flow rate of the grains supplied into the grain tank 7. That is, since the volume of the stored grains is constant, by measuring the time from when the shutter 57 is closed to when the primary storage sensor 65 detects the grains and a certain amount of grains is stored. In addition, the flow rate, which is the volume of grain supplied per unit time, can be measured. The flow rate can be determined by dividing this volume by the measured time. Further, when the moisture content of the grain is measured as the quality, the volume can be converted to the weight. Therefore, the weight of the grain supplied per unit time can be obtained as the flow rate.

(Grain storage state)
Next, the influence of the flow rate of the grains on the state of storing the grains in the grain tank (how the grains are stored) will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the relationship between the storage state of kernels and the detection of a state in which kernels need to be discharged (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a discharge state) will be described.

  In the grain tank 7, the grain discharging device 13 is arranged on the front side of the traveling machine body 2 (see FIG. 1; the same applies hereinafter), and the grains are ejected toward the rear side of the traveling machine body 2. Grain release is affected by the flow rate of the supplied grain. When the flow rate is large, the kernel is discharged far away toward the rear side of the traveling vehicle 2 as indicated by the arrow I. When the flow rate is small, the kernel is compared with the case where the flow rate is large, as indicated by the arrow II. It is released only to the nearest position. Therefore, when the flow rate is large, the grains start to accumulate from the rear side of the grain tank 7, and when the flow rate is small, the grains start to accumulate from the front side of the grain tank 7. As a result, the storage state 20 of the grain when the flow rate is large is such that the grain is large at the rear side of the grain tank 7 and the kernel is small at the front side, and the storage state 21 of the kernel when the flow rate is small is the kernel state. There is a tendency that the grain is small on the rear side of the tank 7 and the grain is large on the front side. Due to such a storage state, detection errors occur in various sensors provided in the combine. Hereinafter, the error of the sensor will be described using the error of the fir sensor and the error of the load cell as examples.

  The grain tank 7 is provided with one or a plurality of fir sensors 11 which are level sensors for detecting the amount of stored grains. The fir sensor 11 is, for example, a contact sensor, and detects that the stored grain has reached the fir sensor 11. Among the fir sensors 11, a fir sensor 11a provided near the upper end of the grain tank 7 detects that the grains in the grain tank 7 are full and have been stored to a state requiring discharge. For example, when the fir sensor 11a detects a grain, the worker is notified of the fact, and the worker shifts to an action for discharging the grain.

  The fir sensor 11 is disposed at a position shifted from the center of the traveling machine body 2 in the front-rear direction, for example, from the front side of the traveling machine body 2 in the grain tank 7. Further, as described above, the storage state of the grains is biased according to the flow rate. Therefore, the actual yield of the grains in the grain tank 7 when the fir sensor 11a detects that the grains are stored up to the full state varies depending on the flow rate. As shown in FIG. 4, the yield when the grain reaches the fir sensor 11a is higher when the flow rate is high than when the flow rate is low. As a result, the storage state of the grains when the fir sensor 11a detects the grains also differs depending on the flow rate. When the fir sensor 11a detects the grain, if the yield of the grain stored in the grain tank 7 is different from the yield assumed to be full, the yield of the grain to be discharged may be excessive or insufficient, and then the drying operation may be performed. And the like may not be performed efficiently. In particular, when the yield of the kernel stored in the kernel tank 7 is larger than the yield assumed as a full state (for example, the state of the storage state 20), the kernel overflows from the kernel tank 7, Inspection doors (not shown) provided in the grain tank 7 may be opened due to the pressure of the grains.

  Further, as described above, the weight (yield) of the stored grains is calculated from the output value of the load cell 10 (see FIG. 1; the same applies hereinafter). Specifically, when the kernels are stored in the kernel tank 7 on the load cell 10 in advance, the relationship between the weight of the stored kernels and the output value of the load cell 10 with respect to this weight is checked, and a map is obtained. Remember. The weight of the grain in this map is determined in consideration of the weight of the grain tank 7. Then, the weight (yield) of the stored grains is calculated from the output value of the load cell 10 and the map. The weight calculated as the yield can be converted into a volume based on the amount of water contained in the grain.

  The yield obtained from the load cell 10 also has an error due to the flow rate. That is, the load cell 10 is unevenly distributed with respect to the center of the grain tank 7 in the front-back direction. Generally, the load cell 10 is disposed forward of the center in the front-rear direction of the grain tank 7. Further, as described above, the grains in the grain tank 7 are stored unevenly in accordance with the flow rate. Therefore, when the center of gravity of the stored grains is not located directly above the load cell 10, an error occurs in the yield obtained from the load cell 10.

  As described above, even when an attempt is made to detect a specific yield by the fir sensor 11, the yield of the stored grains at the time when the fir sensor 11 detects the grains is affected by the flow rate. For this reason, it is difficult for the fir sensor 11 to detect that a grain with an accurate yield is stored. Similarly, an error occurs in the yield obtained from the load cell 10. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, an accurate yield (hereinafter, also referred to as a current yield) in consideration of the storage state accompanying the flow rate is obtained. In addition, a state in which the grain needs to be discharged (discharge state), for example, an accurate yield (hereinafter, also referred to as a discharge yield) when the fir sensor 11 detects the grain is obtained.

  Hereinafter, the configuration for obtaining the current yield and the configuration for obtaining the emission yield will be described in order.

[Calculation of yield]
First, a configuration for calculating the yield (current yield) from the output value of the load cell 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, a configuration for calculating the current yield will be described as the yield calculation device 12. However, the calculation of the yield is not limited to the case of using the yield calculating device 12, but may be realized by dispersing each component, or may be combined with a device configuration in which arbitrary components are appropriately collected. Further, the present yield may be calculated by various methods such as executing a program, regardless of the device configuration. When a program is used, the program is stored in a storage device 23 described below and executed by a control device 22 described later.

  The yield calculation device 12 includes a control device (corresponding to a control unit) 22 and a storage device 23. The control device 22 is connected to the quality measurement device 50, the load cell 10, and the storage device 23 so that data communication is possible. The storage device 23 stores a first map 24 and a second map 25. The first map 24 indicates an output value (such as a voltage value) output by the load cell 10 when the kernel is stored in the kernel tank 7 at a specific flow rate (first flow rate value). This is information indicating the relationship between the voltage and the yield corresponding to this voltage value. Similarly, the second map 25 shows the voltage value output by the load cell 10 and the voltage value when the kernel is stored in the kernel tank 7 at a specific flow rate (second flow rate value) different from the first flow rate value. Is information indicating the relationship with the yield corresponding to. The quality measuring device 50 measures the flow rate of the grain flowing from the grain discharging device 13 and transmits the measured flow rate to the control device 22. The load cell 10 measures a voltage value and outputs the voltage value to the control device 22 as an output value. The control device 22 receives the flow rate transmitted from the quality measurement device 50 and the voltage value transmitted from the load cell 10. The control device 22 calculates the yield corresponding to the received voltage value from the first map 24 and the second map 25 as the current yield of the grains stored in the grain tank 7 using the flow rate. Specifically, the yield in the first map for the voltage value output by the load cell 10 and the yield in the second map for this voltage value are determined based on the measured flow rate, the first flow rate value, and the second flow rate value. The current yield is calculated by pro-rata. The control device 22 can be, for example, a computer such as a CPU or an ECU.

  Here, the maps such as the first map and the second map are information indicating the relationship between the voltage value output by the load cell 10 and the yield assumed based on the voltage value, as described above, and the flow rate of the kernel Depends on This yield increases as the voltage value output by the load cell 10 increases, indicating a certain relationship. The yield of the grains actually stored in the grain tank 7 is determined by the storage state of the grains, and the storage state of the grains is determined by the flow rate of the supplied grains. Therefore, the relationship of the map shows a different relationship for each flow rate, and shows a constant relationship between the voltage value and the yield for each flow rate. As a result, the map takes into account the state of storage of the grains (see FIG. 7).

  Hereinafter, a specific example of the process for calculating the current yield will be described.

  First, a map for a plurality of flow rates is experimentally obtained in advance. In the present embodiment, a first map 24 and a second map 25 are obtained. The first map 24 is a map corresponding to the flow rate (lowest flow rate) when the kernel is supplied at the latest, which is assumed by the kernel tank 7, the kernel transport mechanism 16, and the kernel discharge device 13. The second map 25 is a map corresponding to the flow rate (the highest flow rate) when the grain is supplied earliest (step # 1 in FIG. 6). The obtained first map 24 and second map 25 are stored in the storage device 23.

  Next, the flow rate of the supplied grain is calculated by the quality measuring device 50. The calculation of the flow rate is performed every time a certain amount of grains is stored in the quality measuring device 50 during storage of the grains. As described above, the flow rate is measured from the time during which this fixed amount of grain is stored and the amount (weight or volume) of the stored grain. If the flow rate has been measured a plurality of times since the storage of the grains in the grain tank 7 has been started, an average value of the flow rates measured so far is determined as the flow rate at that time (step # 2 in FIG. 6). . The quality measuring device 50 transmits the obtained flow rate to the control device 22.

  Next, the voltage output from the load cell 10 is obtained (Step # 3 in FIG. 6). The load cell 10 transmits the detected voltage to the control device 22.

  Finally, the current yield is calculated based on the flow rate and the voltage using the first map 24 and the second map 25 (step # 4 in FIG. 6). Hereinafter, a specific description will be given.

The first map 24 is a map when the flow rate is A [m ³ / sec], and the second map 25 is a map when the flow rate is B [m ³ / sec]. It is assumed that the flow rate measured by the quality measuring device 50 is X [m ³ / sec], and the voltage output from the load cell 10 is V [v]. In this case, the present yield WX [m ³ ] is obtained by, as shown in Expression (1), the yield WA [m ³ ] in the first map 24 corresponding to the voltage V [v] and the second map corresponding to the voltage V. The yield WB [m ³ ] at 25 is obtained by prorating the ratio of the flow rate A of the first map 24 and the flow rate B of the second map 25 to the measured flow rate X. The calculation of the current yield WX is performed by the control device 22.

WX = (WA−WB) · (X−B) / (A−B) + WB (Formula 1)

Thereafter, the steps # 2 to # 4 are repeated until the measurement of the yield becomes unnecessary, for example, when the grain tank 7 becomes full.

As described above, the current yield can be obtained based on the flow rate from the output voltage by using a plurality of maps corresponding to the flow rate. Therefore, the yield of the grains stored in the grain tank can be accurately determined in consideration of the storage state of the grains.
(Calculation and detection of emission yield)
When the grain tank 7 is full or when it becomes necessary to discharge other grains (discharge state), the grains are discharged via the grain discharge device 9. The discharge yield in the discharge state is accurately calculated using the flow rate.

  Hereinafter, a configuration for calculating the emission yield and detecting that the emission yield is reached will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 8.

  First, the relationship between the yield (discharge yield) and the flow rate when a discharge state such as a full state is reached is experimentally obtained in advance. Specifically, the emission yields at two different flow rates are experimentally determined. The two flow rates are preferably the highest flow rate and the lowest flow rate assumed as described above. Then, the relationship between the flow rate and the discharge yield is linearly determined from the discharge yields at the two flow rates. Specifically, a linear function indicating the relationship between the flow rate and the yield is obtained from the flow rate and the yield at two points (step # 11 in FIG. 8). The obtained linear function is stored in the storage device 23 as the discharge function 27.

  Next, the flow rate of the supplied grain is calculated by the quality measuring device 50. The calculation of the flow rate is performed every time a certain amount of grains is stored in the quality measuring device 50 during storage of the grains. As described above, the flow rate is calculated based on the time during which the fixed amount of grains is stored and the amount (weight or volume) of the stored grains. If the measurement of the flow rate has been performed a plurality of times since the storage of the grains in the grain tank 7 has been started, an average value of the flow rates measured so far is determined as the flow rate at that time (step # in FIG. 8). 12). The quality measuring device 50 transmits the obtained flow rate to the control device 22.

  Next, the emission yield 26 at the calculated flow rate is obtained from the emission function 27. Specifically, the yield obtained by introducing the calculated flow rate into the emission function 27 is set as the emission yield 26 (step # 13 in FIG. 8). The control device 22 calculates the emission yield 26 and stores it in the storage device 23.

  Next, the current yield is calculated from the calculated yield by the method described with reference to FIG. 6 and the like (step # 14 in FIG. 8). By obtaining the discharge yield 26, it is possible to grasp the yield in consideration of the flow rate when the fir sensor 11 or the like detects a grain. Therefore, it is possible to predict that the kernels are stored more than expected when the kernels are stored unevenly and the fir sensor 11 detects the kernels, and in addition to grasping the current yield, the kernels are stored in the kernel tank. 7 can be avoided.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the calculated yield matches the emission yield 26 (step # 15 in FIG. 8). Specifically, the control device 22 compares the calculated current yield with the emission yield 26 stored in the storage device 23.

  If the current yield is equal to the discharge yield 26, it is determined that the grains stored in the grain tank 7 are in the discharged state, and that is notified, and the process is terminated (step # 16 in FIG. 8). More specifically, the control device 22 causes a notification device 29 such as a lamp provided in the operation unit 5 (see FIG. 1) to notify that the grain tank 7 has been discharged such as being full. By confirming this notification, the worker recognizes that the grain needs to be discharged, and can stop harvesting the crop and shift to a grain discharging operation or the like.

  If the obtained yield does not coincide with the discharge yield 26, the process can be returned to the step of calculating the flow rate (step # 12 in FIG. 8), but the yield required before the discharge state is calculated as the empty yield. (Step # 17 in FIG. 8). Specifically, the control device 22 calculates the difference between the discharge yield 26 stored in the storage device 23 and the current yield as an empty yield.

  Finally, the process returns to the step of calculating the flow rate (step # 12 in FIG. 8) while displaying the empty yield (step # 18 in FIG. 8). Specifically, the control device 22 causes the display device 28 such as a liquid crystal panel provided in the driving section 5 (see FIG. 1) to display a display indicating the calculated empty yield. With this display, the operator can work while measuring the timing at which the discharge is required.

  As described above, based on the average flow rate up to the present time, the emission yield corresponding to the state where the kernel needs to be discharged is obtained, and the current yield is calculated according to the average flow rate. Since the emission yield is obtained based on the average flow rate, the emission yield is a value corresponding to the state of storage of the grain. The current yield is also an accurate value of the grains stored in the grain tank 7 determined from the average flow rate. Therefore, even in the case where the grains are unevenly stored in the grain tank 7 due to the influence of the flow rate of the supplied grains, and the storage state is not properly confirmed by the fir sensor 11 or the like (see FIG. 4). ), It is possible to accurately detect a state in which kernel discharge is required based on an accurate current yield, and discharge stored kernels at an appropriate timing.

  In the above description, the empty yield is calculated and only the empty yield is displayed. However, the time until the discharge state (also referred to as the kernel discharge time) and the travel distance until the discharge state (the kernel discharge May be obtained and displayed.

  For example, after displaying the empty yield, first, when the kernels are continuously stored at the same pace as above, the time until the discharge yield is calculated as the kernel discharge time (step # 19 in FIG. 8). . Specifically, the elapsed time from the start of storage of grains is continuously measured. Then, the control device 22 calculates the average storage speed since the storage of the kernels by dividing the current yield by the elapsed time. Further, the control device 22 calculates the kernel discharge time until the discharge yield by dividing the empty yield by the average storage speed.

  Next, the calculated grain discharge time is displayed. If the grain discharge distance described later is not calculated, the process may return to the step of calculating the flow rate (step # 12 in FIG. 8) after displaying the grain discharge time (step # 20 in FIG. 8). ). Specifically, the control device 22 causes the display device 28 such as a liquid crystal panel provided in the operation unit 5 (see FIG. 1) to display the calculated grain discharge time. The display device 28 may be the same as that displaying the empty yield, or may be different, as long as it can distinguish between the empty yield and the grain discharge time, and these may be displayed simultaneously.

  Next, the travel distance until the emission yield is reached is calculated as the kernel discharge distance (step # 21 in FIG. 8). Specifically, the traveling distance from the start of storing the grains is continuously measured, and the control device 22 calculates the average traveling speed from the traveling distance and the elapsed time. Then, the control device 22 multiplies the average traveling speed by the kernel discharge time to determine the kernel discharge distance.

  Finally, the process returns to the step of calculating the flow rate (Step # 12 in FIG. 8) while displaying the grain discharge distance (Step # 22 in FIG. 8). Specifically, the control device 22 causes the display device 28 such as a liquid crystal panel provided in the driving unit 5 (see FIG. 1) to display the calculated grain discharge distance. The display device 28 may be the same as the one that displays the empty yield or the grain discharge time, or may be different, and can distinguish between the empty yield, the grain discharge time, and the grain discharge distance. And these may be displayed simultaneously.

  Although the example in which the kernel discharge time is displayed and then the kernel discharge distance is displayed has been described, a configuration in which only one of them is displayed may be employed.

As described above, by calculating and displaying at least one of the empty yield until the discharge yield, the grain discharge time, and the grain discharge distance, the operator can accurately confirm that the discharge state is attained. can do. As shown in FIG. 4, when the fir sensor 11 detects that the grain is full or the like, the storage state of the grain is biased with the flow rate, and the fir sensor 11 may detect an accurate yield (full state). Can not. Even in this case, without relying on the fir sensor 11, the operator uses the accurate current yield and / or the empty yield, the grain discharge time, and / or the grain discharge distance to determine the timing of the discharge state. You can check. Further, the work plan until the discharge is performed can be easily set and the work can be efficiently performed based on the empty yield, the grain discharge time, and the grain discharge distance.
[Another embodiment]
The present invention can be implemented by appropriately combining the following embodiments with the above embodiments.

(1)
In the above embodiment, the flow rate is measured using the quality measuring device 50. Therefore, the measurement of the flow rate and the measurement of the component (quality) can be performed using one device, and the measurement of the flow rate and the measurement of the component can be performed efficiently. However, the dedicated flow rate measuring device and the dedicated quality measuring device 50 may be individually provided in the grain tank 7 or the like. At least, a dedicated flow measurement device may be provided.

  Further, when measuring the water content of the grain with the quality measuring device 50, the flow rate and the yield can be converted from the water content to a value relating to the volume and used. Since the yield can be processed using the volume, the yield of the grains in the grain tank 7 can be more accurately determined. Conversely, when the flow rate measuring device is provided independently, a configuration without the quality measuring device 50 may be adopted. In this case, the flow rate and the yield are treated as weight.

(2)
In the above embodiment, the yield was measured using the load cell 10, but the yield can be measured using another yield sensor. In this case, the yield is measured using parameters other than the voltage, and the map indicates the relationship between the yield and the parameter.

(3)
In the above-described embodiment, the full state is described as an example of the state in which the kernel needs to be discharged, but the state in which the kernel needs to be discharged may be a predetermined yield or a yield input from the outside. For example, a communication unit that communicates with the outside may be further provided, and the communication unit may communicate with an external device such as an external dryer or a management server, and may receive the yield from which the kernel needs to be discharged from the external device. .

  The dryer is efficient when the grain is dried at a certain yield. For this reason, the dryer transmits the required grain yield to the combine as a discharge yield, and the combine discharges the grain when the yield is stored in the grain tank 7 and brings the grain to the dryer. The detection of the discharge yield can be performed by detecting a grain by the fir sensor 11 corresponding to the discharge yield among the fir sensors 11. Alternatively, the discharge yield can be detected using at least one of the empty yield, the grain discharge time, and the grain discharge distance with respect to the discharge yield.

  As described above, the yield of the grain that can be efficiently processed by the external device such as the dryer is transmitted to the combine as the discharge yield, and the combine accurately determines the discharge yield. The worker discharges the grains when the stored grains reach this discharge yield, so that external devices such as a dryer can be operated efficiently.

  There may be a plurality of dryers according to the amount of water, and the management server may manage these dryers. In this case, the management server links the amount of water and the yield suitable for drying the grain with the amount of water to the combine server and transmits the resultant to the combine. The combiner or the worker receives this information and determines that the yield (discharge yield) linked to the water content of the grain stored therein is stored. Thereby, even when a plurality of dryers according to the amount of moisture are operating, it is possible to accurately transport the grains having a discharge yield according to the amount of moisture to the dryer.

(4)
The combine can run automatically, and in this case, the transition from the harvesting state to the grain discharging state can also be performed by automatic control. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, when the combine 70 harvests a crop in the field 71 by automatic traveling, the combine 70 stops the harvesting operation by detecting that the discharge yield has been reached, and It moves near the transport vehicle 72 (fir wheel) or the like that is stopped at the side of the river, and discharges the stored grains to the transport vehicle 72. At the point PA, it is assumed that the grain discharge distance is L, and the combine 70 reaches the point PB when the combine 70 moves by the distance L after storing the grains to the discharge yield. In the case of the positional relationship as shown in FIG. 9, when the combine 70 stops harvesting at the point PB and tries to move to the carrier 72, it is necessary to retreat from the point PB. At this time, if the combine 70 goes directly from the point PA to the transport vehicle 72 (travel locus D) without performing a new harvesting operation, the combine 70 can efficiently perform the grain discharging operation. In the above embodiment, by calculating the grain discharge distance, the combine 70 can travel on the traveling trajectory D that can efficiently perform the grain discharge work in automatic traveling.

  The present invention is suitable for various harvesting vehicles such as combine harvesters.

Reference Signs List 7 Grain tank 10 Load cell 11 Fir sensor 22 Control device 24 First map 25 Second map 26 Emission yield 50 Quality measuring device 51 Temporary storage unit 52 Measurement unit 57 Shutter

Claims (10)

A combine having a grain tank in which threshed grains are supplied and stored,
A flow sensor that is provided in the grain tank and measures a flow rate of the supplied grain,
A control unit configured to calculate, based on the flow rate, a discharge yield of the kernel stored in the kernel tank in a discharge state in which the kernel needs to be discharged from the kernel tank. A full level sensor is provided in the kernel tank and detects the kernel when the kernel tank is full,
The combine according to claim 1, wherein the discharge state is a state in which the full level sensor detects the kernel. A plurality of level sensors for detecting that grains are stored to a predetermined height of the grain tank,
A communication unit that communicates with the outside and acquires the requested amount from the outside,
The combine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge state is a state in which a level sensor corresponding to the required amount among the plurality of level sensors detects the kernel. A yield sensor that is provided below the grain tank and outputs an output value based on the weight of the grain tank,
The combine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit calculates a current yield based on the flow rate and the output value. The control unit is configured to provide a first map showing a relationship between the output value and the yield of the kernel stored in the kernel tank when storing the kernel in the kernel tank at a specific first flow rate value. And shows the relationship between the output value and the yield of the kernel stored in the kernel tank when storing the kernel in the kernel tank at a specific second flow value greater than the first flow value. Using the second map, calculate the current yield from the output value,
The current yield is calculated by calculating the yield in the first map for the output value and the yield in the second map for the output value based on the first flow rate value, the second flow rate value, and the flow rate. The combine according to claim 4, which is performed by prorating.   The combine according to claim 4, wherein the control unit calculates a time from the current yield to the discharge yield based on the flow rate. The flow sensor,
A primary storage box for storing a part of the supplied kernels,
A measuring unit that measures the time when a certain amount of the grains are stored in the primary storage box,
A shutter for discharging the grains when a certain amount of the grains are stored in the primary storage box, wherein the flow rate is calculated from a time and a storage amount in which a certain amount of the grains are stored. Item 7. The combine according to any one of Items 1 to 6.   The combine according to claim 7, further comprising a component sensor that measures a component of the grain stored in the primary storage box. In a combine having a grain tank in which threshed grains are supplied and stored and a yield sensor that outputs an output value based on the weight of the grain tank, discharging the grains from the grain tank may be performed. A grain discharge yield calculation method for calculating a discharge yield of the grains stored in the grain tank in a required discharge state,
Measuring the flow rate of the grain supplied to the grain tank,
Calculating the emission yield based on the flow rate. A step of previously obtaining a first yield that is in the discharge state when the storage is continued at a specific first flow rate value;
A step of previously obtaining a second yield to be in the discharge state when the storage is continued at a specific second flow rate value larger than the first flow rate value,
The step of calculating the discharge yield calculates the discharge yield by dividing the first yield and the second yield according to a ratio of the flow rate to the first flow rate value and the second flow rate value. The method for calculating a grain discharge yield according to claim 9.

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