JP2019531803A - 換気マスク - Google Patents
換気マスク Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019531803A JP2019531803A JP2019515265A JP2019515265A JP2019531803A JP 2019531803 A JP2019531803 A JP 2019531803A JP 2019515265 A JP2019515265 A JP 2019515265A JP 2019515265 A JP2019515265 A JP 2019515265A JP 2019531803 A JP2019531803 A JP 2019531803A
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 210000001331 nose Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002627 tracheal intubation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 101150013568 US16 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- NNJVILVZKWQKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lidocaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C NNJVILVZKWQKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003994 anesthetic gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004194 lidocaine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036280 sedation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001624 sedative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
- A61M16/0605—Means for improving the adaptation of the mask to the patient
- A61M16/0616—Means for improving the adaptation of the mask to the patient with face sealing means comprising a flap or membrane projecting inwards, such that sealing increases with increasing inhalation gas pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/097—Devices for facilitating collection of breath or for directing breath into or through measuring devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
- A61M16/0841—Joints or connectors for sampling
- A61M16/085—Gas sampling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
- A61M16/208—Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/083—Measuring rate of metabolism by using breath test, e.g. measuring rate of oxygen consumption
- A61B5/0836—Measuring rate of CO2 production
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
- A61B5/6803—Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/01—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes specially adapted for anaesthetising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/02—Gases
- A61M2202/0208—Oxygen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/02—Gases
- A61M2202/0225—Carbon oxides, e.g. Carbon dioxide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/005—Parameter used as control input for the apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/40—Respiratory characteristics
- A61M2230/43—Composition of exhalation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/40—Respiratory characteristics
- A61M2230/43—Composition of exhalation
- A61M2230/432—Composition of exhalation partial CO2 pressure (P-CO2)
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- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Hematology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
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- Biophysics (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Q=πφ2V/4 式1
ΔP=ρfLV2/2φ 式2
ΔP=(8ρfL/π2φ5)Q2 式3
R2=(8ρfL/π2φ5) 式4
Q=ΔP1/2/R 式5
ここでは、
Q=体積流量(m3/分)
ρ=流体密度(kg/m3)
φ=パイプ直径(m)
V=流体速度(m/分)
ΔP=2つのポイントの間の圧力差(Pa)
f=パイプの摩擦係数
L=パイプ長さ(m)
R=パイプ抵抗(Pa1/2−分/m3)
CO2ポートへの口用開口部である孔20の入口のノード・ポイントA
− 孔20の直径、φa=φCO2ポート
− 孔20のところの圧力、PA
− 孔20を通る口呼気の体積流量、QAC
− ノードAからノードCまでのパイプ抵抗、RAC
− ノードAからノードCまでのパイプの長さ、LAC
CO2ポートへの鼻用開口部である孔22の入口のノード・ポイントB
− 孔22の直径、φb
− 孔22のところの圧力、PB
− 孔22を通る鼻呼気の体積流量、QBC
− ノードBからノードCまでのパイプ抵抗、RBC
− ノードBからノードCまでのパイプの長さ、LBC
CO2ポートへの孔22の出口に隣接するCO2ポートの内部のノード・ポイントC
− CO2ポートの直径、φCO2ポート
− ノードCのところの圧力、PC
− ノードCを通る体積流量、QCD
− ノードCからノードDまでのパイプ抵抗、RCD
− ノードCからノードDまでのパイプの長さ、LCD
CO2ポートの出口のノード・ポイントD(CO2試料ラインへのコネクタ)
− CO2ポートの直径、φCO2ポート
− ノードDのところの圧力、PD
− ノードDを通る体積流量、QCD
各々のノード・ポイントの間の流量は以下のように定義される。
QAC+QBC=QCD 式6
QAC=(PA−PC)1/2/RAC 式7
QBC=(PB−PC)1/2/RBC 式8
QCD=(PC−PD)1/2/RCD 式9
理想的には、呼気CO2を測定するために、口呼気からの流量QAC及び鼻呼気からの流量QBCが等しい。非加圧構成では、PA及びPBの両方がほぼ等しく、また大気圧に等しい。この構成では、ノード間の付随する抵抗RAC及びRBCが、関連のパイプ直径及びパイプ長さを適切に構成することにより等しくなるように設計される。ここでの課題は、加圧構成において、マスクの鼻部分PBが大気圧及びPAを基準とした10〜15CM H2Oの公称値まで加圧されることである。この構成では、QBCに等しいQACを有するために、RBCがRACより比例的に大きいことが必要である。RBCが増大しないと、QBCがQACより大きくなる。非加圧構成及び加圧構成の両方においてCO2採取のために実質的に等しい口側の流れ及び鼻側の流れを維持することを目的として、等しい流量を維持するためにRBCがPBの関数として変化しなければならない。
Claims (15)
- マスクの着用時に患者の上唇の上に重なるように適合される、マスクの下側部分に隣接して固定される、可撓性材料又は弾性変形可能材料で形成される呼気スクープを有する鼻用マスクであって、前記呼気スクープが邪魔にならないようにするために押しつぶされるか又はそれ自体で折り畳まれるように適合され、それにより患者の口へのアクセスを可能にする、鼻用マスク。
- 患者の口及び鼻から吐き出される呼気CO2を採取するための呼気終末CO2ポートを更に有し、前記呼気終末CO2ポートが、インターフェース・コネクタに接続されるためのインターフェース、また好適にはルアー・ロックを任選選択で装備し、並びに/或いはマスクが、麻酔機械、換気機械、ハイパーインフレーション・バッグ、又は他の換気アクセサリ若しくはガス・アクセサリに取り付けられるように適合される換気ポート、及び/又は前記マスクの内部に酸素を供給するための酸素供給源に接続されるように適合される酸素ポートを有する、請求項1に記載のマスク。
- 前記呼気スクープが、0020から0050のOOデュロメータ硬さ、2〜10又は3〜7から選択されるショアA硬さ、より好適には約5のショアA硬さを有する可撓性材料又は弾性変形可能材料で形成される、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のマスク。
- マスクの着用時に患者の上唇に被さるように適合される、マスクの下側部分に隣接して固定される呼気スクープを有する鼻用マスクであって、前記呼気スクープが、前記マスクの着用時に患者の口へアクセスするのを可能にする開口部と、前記開口部を閉鎖するための、前記スクープの内部表面上に配置される可撓性フラップとを有し、前記開口部が、好適には、アパーチャ、或いは1つ又は複数のスリットを備える、鼻用マスク。
- マスクの着用時に患者の上唇の上に重なるように適合される、マスクの下側部分に隣接して固定される呼気スクープを有する鼻用マスクであって、前記マスクが、前記患者の口から吐き出される呼気CO2を採取するための第1のポートと、患者の鼻から吐き出される呼気CO2を採取するための第2のポートとを有し、前記マスクが、前記患者の口及び鼻から吐き出される、呼気終末CO2ポートまでのCO2の採取流量を実質的に一定に維持するように適合される、前記第2のポストに連通される圧力ベースの流れ抵抗装置を更に有する、鼻用マスク。
- 前記呼気スクープが可撓性又は弾性変形可能であり、邪魔にならないようにするために押しつぶされるか又はそれ自体で折り畳まれるように適合され、それにより患者の口へのアクセスを可能にし、並びに/或いは前記マスクが、麻酔機械、換気機械、ハイパーインフレーション・バッグ、又は換気アクセサリ若しくはガス・アクセサリに取り付けられるように適合される換気ポート、又は前記マスクの内部に酸素を供給するための酸素供給源に接続されるように適合される酸素ポートを有する、請求項5に記載のマスク。
- 前記呼気スクープが、0050から0050のOOデュロメータ硬さ、或いは2〜10又は3〜7から選択されるショアA硬さ、より好適には約5のショアA硬さを有する可撓性材料又は弾性変形可能材料で形成される、請求項5又は請求項6に記載のマスク。
- 前記圧力ベースの流れ抵抗装置が、前記第1のポートと前記第2のポートとの間の圧力差の関数として抵抗を変化させることにより、(PB−PC)1/2/RBCによって定義されるQBCである流量を一定に維持することにより、一定の流量を維持し、並びに/或いは前記圧力ベースの流れ抵抗装置が、前記マスクの鼻用チャンバと呼気終末CO2ポートとの間を連通する2つ以上の孔を有するマニホルドを備え、前記鼻用チャンバと前記呼気終末CO2ポートとの間の圧力差により流れが生じる、請求項5から7までのいずれか一項に記載のマスク。
- 以下の特徴、
(a)前記マニホルドが、圧力の関数として偏向して前記呼気終末CO2ポートに対しての流れ抵抗を変化させる可撓性膜を備えること、
(b)偏向量δZが、好適には、圧力差PB−PCに比例して抵抗RBCと共に変化すること、
(c)最大流れ抵抗が前記膜内の孔の幾何形状によって定められ、ここでは前記膜内の中央開口部のおかげで前記膜により遮断されることがないこと、及び
(d)圧力が前記膜をZ方向に偏向させるときに前記膜が前記膜内の1つ又は複数の孔への流れを遮断すること、
のうちの1つ又は複数を特徴とする、請求項8に記載のマスク。 - 患者に対して換気を行うための方法であって、前記方法が、マスクの着用時に患者の上唇の上に重なるように適合される、マスクの下側部分に隣接して固定される、可撓性材料又は弾性変形可能材料で形成される呼気スクープを有する鼻用マスクを提供するステップと、必要である場合に前記患者の口へのアクセスを実現するために前記呼気スクープを邪魔にならないようにするために移動させるステップとを含み、更に、患者の口及び鼻から吐き出される呼気CO2を採取することにより呼気終末CO2ポートを監視するステップを任意選択で更に含む、方法。
- 患者に対して換気を行うための方法であって、前記方法が、マスクの着用時に前記患者の口の少なくとも一部分に被さるように適合される、マスクの下側部分に隣接して固定される呼気スクープを有する鼻用マスクを提供するステップであって、前記呼気スクープが前記患者の口へアクセスするのを可能にするように適合されるアパーチャを有する、ステップと、前記アパーチャを通過させるように機能ツールを押すことにより前記患者の口へアクセスするステップとを含み、前記ツールが取り外される場合、前記アパーチャが前記フラップにより実質的に閉じられるように適合される、方法。
- 患者に対して換気を行うための方法であって、前記方法が、マスクの着用時に患者の上唇の上に重なるように適合される、マスクの下側部分に隣接して固定される呼気スクープを有する鼻用マスクを提供するステップであって、前記マスクが、前記患者の口から吐き出される呼気CO2を採取するための第1のポートと、患者の鼻から吐き出される呼気CO2を採取するための第2のポートとを有し、前記マスクが、前記患者の口及び鼻から吐き出される、呼気終末CO2ポートまでのCO2の採取流量を実質的に一定に維持するように適合される、前記第2のポストに連通される圧力ベースの流れ抵抗装置を更に有する、ステップと、前記採取流量を呼気終末CO2ポートに接続するステップとを含む、方法。
- 前記呼気スクープが可撓性又は弾性変形可能であり、患者の口へアクセスするのを可能にするために邪魔にならないようにするために押しつぶされるように、更には患者の口へのアクセスするのを可能にするために邪魔にならないようにするためにスクープを押しつぶすか又はスクープ自体を折り畳むように、更には患者の口へのアクセス経路を提供するために邪魔にならないようにするためにスクープを折り曲げるように、適合され、前記マスクが、麻酔機械、換気機械、ハイパーインフレーション・バッグ、又は換気アクセサリ若しくはガス・アクセサリに取り付けられるように、更には、麻酔機械、換気機械、ハイパーインフレーション・バッグ、又は換気アクセサリ若しくはガス・アクセサリに対してマスクを取り付けるように、適合される換気ポート、或いは前記マスクの内部に酸素を供給するための酸素供給源に接続されるように、更には採取流量を呼気終末CO2ポートに接続するように、適合される酸素ポートを任意選択で有する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記圧力ベースの流れ抵抗装置が、前記第1のポートと前記第2のポートとの間の圧力差の関数として抵抗を変化させることにより、(PB−PC)1/2/RBCによって定義されるQBCである流量を一定に維持することにより、一定の流量を維持する、請求項12又は請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記圧力ベースの流れ抵抗装置が、前記マスクの鼻用チャンバと呼気終末CO2ポートとの間を連通する2つ以上の孔を有するマニホルドを備え、前記鼻用チャンバと前記呼気終末CO2ポートとの間の圧力差により流れが生じ、以下の特徴、
(a)前記マニホルドが、圧力の関数として偏向して前記呼気終末CO2ポートに対しての流れ抵抗を変化させる可撓性膜を備えること、
(b)偏向量δZが、圧力差PB−PCに比例して抵抗RBCと共に変化すること、
(c)最大流れ抵抗が前記膜内の孔の幾何形状によって定められ、ここでは前記膜内の中央開口部のおかげで前記膜により遮断されることがないこと、及び
(d)圧力が前記膜をZ方向に偏向させるときに前記膜が前記膜内の1つ又は複数の孔への流れを遮断すること、
のうちの1つ又は複数を任意選択で特徴とする、請求項12から14までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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JP2009172347A (ja) * | 2007-03-09 | 2009-08-06 | Nippon Koden Corp | 呼気情報収集用アダプタおよび生体情報処理システム |
US20120285466A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-15 | Pierro Brian W | Adjusting a ventilation mask |
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EP3512422A4 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
US20190224435A1 (en) | 2019-07-25 |
EP3988018B1 (en) | 2024-07-24 |
CA3036797A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
US11298492B2 (en) | 2022-04-12 |
EP3512422B1 (en) | 2021-12-29 |
US20220126047A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
EP3988018A1 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
CN109937008B (zh) | 2022-04-15 |
JP7050765B2 (ja) | 2022-04-08 |
JP7352757B2 (ja) | 2023-09-28 |
CN114569858A (zh) | 2022-06-03 |
AU2022275401A1 (en) | 2023-01-05 |
EP3512422A1 (en) | 2019-07-24 |
BR112019004967A2 (pt) | 2019-07-02 |
WO2018052673A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
JP7237216B2 (ja) | 2023-03-10 |
AU2017328060A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
BR112019004967A8 (pt) | 2023-03-21 |
AU2017328060B2 (en) | 2022-09-08 |
US12076485B2 (en) | 2024-09-03 |
JP2022079585A (ja) | 2022-05-26 |
CN109937008A (zh) | 2019-06-25 |
JP2023060007A (ja) | 2023-04-27 |
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