JP2019514010A - 元素濃度を測定するためのハンドヘルドアナライザ及び方法 - Google Patents
元素濃度を測定するためのハンドヘルドアナライザ及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
1.開示の分野
本発明は、レーザー誘起破壊分光法に関する。より具体的には、本発明は、ハンドヘルドデバイスによる高温の高度にイオン化されたプラズマのレーザー誘起破壊分光法に基づいた元素濃度測定の方法に関する。
化学元素組成のハンドヘルドアナライザは、非常に人気のあるツールである。なぜなら、それらは、現場の明確な材料の定量分析を提供することができるからである。現在、最も商用的に利用可能なハンドヘルドデバイスにおいて用いられる2つの代替技術が存在する:蛍光X線(XRF)及びレーザー破壊分光法(LIBS)。
Claims (13)
- ハンドヘルドアナライザを利用することによって元素濃度を測定する方法であって:
パルスレーザーにエネルギーを与え、それによって0.1から50kHzまでのパルス繰り返し率で一連のパルスを出力する段階であって、各パルスが、0.01から1.5nsまでの持続期間及び50と1000μJとの間のパルスエネルギーを有する、段階と;
分析されることになるサンプル上へレーザービームの焦点を合わせ、それによって、所望の波長範囲において特性スペクトルを照射する高温の高度にイオン化されたプラズマを発生させる段階と;
単一パルスによってゾーン内の各位置でプラズマを発生させるようにサンプルのゾーンにわたって集束レーザービームをスキャンして、それによってサンプル上でレーザービームの焦点を連続的に合わせる段階と;
分光計においてプラズマ放射を集めて、それによって信号出力を生成する段階と;
信号出力を処理して、それによって、サンプルにおいて存在する元素の濃度を測定する段階と、
を含む、方法。 - 前記集束レーザービームが、実質的に回折限界であり、1.5〜1.6nm波長範囲において放出され、且つ5から60μm範囲においてサンプルの表面上でビームスポットを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの分光計が、170と800nmとの間の所望の波長範囲及び1から200ピコメートル範囲における分解能を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 炭素鋼における炭素濃度が、約0.01%の検出限界によって二価イオン線CIIIを採用することによって測定されつつ、前記炭素鋼に典型的に存在する他の元素の濃度が、0.01%未満の検出限界によって測定され、他の元素が、Si,Mn,Cr,Ni,Mo,Ti,V,Cu及びAlを含み、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の方法が、鋼種を決定する段階をさらに含む、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 元素濃度の測定の結果を表示することをさらに含む、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- スキャニングの間に集束レーザービームの焦点を自動で合わせることをさらに含む、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 元素濃度測定のハンドヘルドアナライザであって、
0.1から50kHzまでのパルス繰り返し率で信号波長での信号光の一連のパルスを出力するように構成されるパルスレーザー源であって、光信号のパルスが各々、0.01から1.5nsまでの持続期間及び50と1000μJとの間のパルスエネルギーを有する、パルスレーザー源と;
特性スペクトルを照射する高温の高度にイオン化されたプラズマ(プラズマ)をレーザーが誘起するようにサンプルで焦点へ信号光のパルスの焦点を合わせるための伝搬経路に沿って制御可能に移動可能であり且つ各パルスによって作用される集束レンズ(又はレンズ組み合わせ)であって、前記焦点が5から60μm範囲において変わる、集束レンズ(又はレンズ組み合わせ)と;
単一パルスによって各照射表面位置でプラズマを発生させるようにサンプルの表面にわたって集束ビームを掃引するように構成されたスキャナと;
プラズマから光を受け取り、スペクトルを表現する情報を生成し、且つ信号出力を発生させるように構成された少なくとも1つの分光計と;
信号出力を処理して、それによって、サンプルにおいて存在する元素の濃度を測定するためのプロセッサと、
を含む、ハンドヘルドアナライザ。 - 前記レーザー源が、
受動Qスイッチレーザーであって:
基本波長でポンプ光を出力し、且つ、前記基本波長で高度に反射性の入力鏡が設けられる、イッテルビウム(Yb)ドープ固体状態利得媒質と;
前記基本波長で高度に反射性であり、且つ、前記入力鏡によって基本光に関するレーザーキャビティを画定する出力カプラと;
前記ポンプ光の前記パルスを発生させるように構成され、且つ、前記入力鏡と出力カプラとの間の前記レーザーキャビティにおいて位置する可飽和吸収体と、を含む、受動Qスイッチレーザーと;
前記可飽和吸収体の隣に位置し、且つ、前記基本波長で透明な第2の鏡と前記出力カプラとの間で画定される共振器によって構成される光パラメトリック発振器(OPO)であって、OPOが、前記基本波長よりも長い前記信号波長での前記信号光へ前記基本光を周波数変換するために前記共振器内に配された非線形結晶を有し、前記第2の鏡が、前記信号波長で高度に反射性であり、一方で前記出力カプラが、前記信号波長で部分的に透明である、OPOと、
を含む、請求項7に記載のハンドヘルドアナライザ。 - 940と950nmとの間の範囲であるサブポンプ波長でYbドープ固体状態利得媒質を励起するポンプ源をさらに含み、前記Ybドープ固体状態媒質が、1020〜1050nm範囲における前記基本波長で動作するYb:YAG結晶を含み、光吸収体がCr:YAG結晶であり、前記非線形結晶が、1500〜1600nm間の範囲である前記信号波長を発生させる非臨界整合(non−critically matched)KTP、KTA、RTP又はRTAである、請求項7及び8に記載のハンドヘルドアナライザ。
- 可飽和吸収体が、ブリーチされるときに基本波長を偏光するための110°カットを有するCr:YAG結晶である、請求項7から9の何れか一項に記載のハンドヘルドアナライザ。
- 光学部品を含むビーム拡大器チューブと、
軸周りに回転可能なシャフトを有する前記ビーム拡大器チューブに取り付けられた少なくとも1つの電気モーターと、
前記軸に対して前記モーターの角変位を引き起こすための前記シャフトに取り付けられた不安定な(偏心)重量と、
レーザーシャーシに固定された静止マウントと、
前記静止マウントと前記ビーム拡大器チューブとの間に位置する弾性カプラと、を含む、ビーム拡大器出力で拡大される前記信号光によって作用されるビーム拡大器−スキャナユニットをさらに含み、
前記ビーム拡大器チューブが、前記電気モーターの入力電圧値に従うビーム方向変化において得られるレーザー出力ビーム軸に関するその角度位置を変化する、請求項7から9の何れか一項に記載のハンドヘルドアナライザ。 - スキャニングのパターンが、前記モーターに印加された電圧及び前記電圧印加の時間の関数である、請求項7から11の何れか一項に記載のハンドヘルドアナライザ。
- 前記パターンが、前記表面上に焦点の均一な分布を提供する、請求項7から12の何れか一項に記載のハンドヘルドアナライザ。
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