JP2019512381A - 空気から酸素を抽出するシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
空気から酸素を抽出するシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 77
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005292 diamagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
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- B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
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- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
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- B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
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- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2016年2月24日に出願された、「SYSTEM AND A METHOD TO EXTRACT OXYGEN FROM AIR」と題された米国特許仮出願62/299,286号の利益および優先権を主張するものであり、参照により全体が組み込まれる。
Claims (20)
- 液体から酸素を抽出するシステムであって、
液体を通過させて、少なくとも一部の酸素が液体から除去された前記液体を含む液体混合物を生成するように構成された分離装置であって、
管の内部を包囲する壁部であって、前記壁部はそこに形成された少なくとも1つの開口部を有する壁部、および、
前記少なくとも1つの開口部に隣接して配置された少なくとも1つの磁石であって、前記少なくとも1つの磁石は、N極端とS極端を有し、磁場勾配が前記N極端と前記S極端との間に形成されて前記管内部に広がる、少なくとも1つの磁石を備えた分離装置と、
前記少なくとも1つの開口部に流体連結され、前記分離装置を介して前記液体から除去された前記少なくとも一部の酸素を貯蔵するように構成された貯蔵タンクと、
を備えることを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記液体は液体空気を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの磁石は、10テスラ/メートルの磁場勾配として、磁場勾配を形成するように構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの磁石は、1テスラの磁石を含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記分離装置に流体連結された圧縮装置であって、
前記液体を生成するように空気を気体状態から液体状態に圧縮し、前記液体を前記分離装置に供給するように構成された圧縮装置と、
前記分離装置に流体連結された膨張装置であって、
前記分離装置によって生成された前記液体混合物を受容し、前記液体混合物を気体状態に膨張するように構成された膨張装置と、をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記分離装置に連結され、除去された追加の酸素量を得るために、前記液体混合物を前記分離装置に供給して戻すように構成されたフィードバックシステムをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記貯蔵タンクは、前記液体から除去された前記少なくとも一部の酸素を液体状態で貯蔵するように構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの開口部および前記貯蔵タンクに流体連結され、
前記液体から除去された前記少なくとも一部の酸素を気体状態に膨張し、且つ、
前記気体状態の酸素を前記貯蔵タンクに供給するように構成された膨張装置をさらに備え、
前記貯蔵タンクは前記気体状態の酸素を貯蔵するようにさらに構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記壁部は、「X」字型断面を形成する複数の凸部および複数の凹部を備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記壁部の第1の部分は、「X」字型断面を形成する複数の凸部および複数の凹部を備え、前記壁部の第2の部分は円形の断面を備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 液体空気から酸素を抽出する方法であって、
前記液体空気を分離装置に通過させることにより、前記液体空気から抽出された酸素の少なくとも一部を有する前記液体空気を含む液体混合物を生成するように、前記液体空気から前記酸素を抽出するステップであって、
前記分離装置は、
管の内部を包囲し、そこに形成された少なくとも1つの開口部を有する壁部、および、
前記少なくとも1つの開口部に隣接して配置され、N極およびS極を有し、磁場勾配がN極およびS極の間に形成されて前記管内部に広がる、磁石アセンブリを備える、ステップと、
前記少なくとも1つの開口部に流体連結された貯蔵タンクに、前記抽出された酸素を貯蔵するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記液体空気を生成するように大気を圧縮するステップと、
前記液体空気を前記分離装置に供給するステップと、をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。 - 10テスラ/メートルの磁場勾配として、磁場勾配を形成するように、前記少なくとも1つの開口部に隣接して前記磁石アセンブリのC字型磁石を配置するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの磁石を配置するステップは、前記少なくとも1つの開口部に隣接して1テスラの磁石を配置するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。
- 10テスラ/メートルの磁場勾配として、磁場勾配を形成するように、前記磁石アセンブリの第1の磁石および第2の磁石を、前記少なくとも1つの開口部に隣接して配置するステップをさらに含み、
前記第1の磁石は前記N極を備え、
前記第2の磁石は前記S極を備えることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記抽出された酸素を前記貯蔵タンクに貯蔵する前に、前記抽出された酸素を気体に膨張するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記抽出された酸素を前記貯蔵タンクに貯蔵するステップは、前記抽出された酸素を液体状態で貯蔵するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 追加的酸素をフィードバックシステムから抽出するために、前記液体混合物を、前記フィードバックシステムを介して、前記分離装置を通過させるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記壁の第1の部分を「X」字型に形成するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記壁部の形状を、前記壁部の前記第1の部分の前記「X」字型から、前記壁部の第2の部分の円形に変形するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項19に記載の方法。
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