JP2019214064A - Workpiece processing device and workpiece processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a workpiece processing device capable of highly accurately and efficiently processing a workpiece.SOLUTION: A workpiece processing device 10 includes: a pair of rollers 13 and 14; rotation mechanisms 20 and 21 which rotate the rollers 13 and 14; pressure mechanisms 30 and 31; oscillation mechanisms 40 and 41; and a control section 50. The rollers 13 and 14 have rotation front half sections 13a and 14a on a side approaching a workpiece W with respect to each rotating direction and rotation front half sections 13a and 14a on a side separated from the workpiece W. The control section 50 controls the oscillation mechanisms 40 and 41 so that the rotation front half sections 13a and 14a of each roller 13 and 14 mutually have the same inclined direction and inclined angle. When the rotation front half sections 13a and 14a of the rollers 13 and 14 are inclined in a second axial direction X2, the workpiece W moves in a first axial direction X1, and diameter reduction processing of the workpiece W is performed as necessary. When the rotation front half sections 13a and 14a of the rollers 13 and 14 are inclined in the first axial direction X1, the workpiece W moves in the second axial direction X2, and diameter reduction processing of the workpiece W is performed as necessary.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a work processing apparatus and a work method suitable for manufacturing a work having a portion whose diameter changes in a longitudinal direction.

  As one means for reducing the weight of the coil spring, it is effective to make the stress generated in the coil spring closer to uniformity. The material of the coil spring is a steel rod member (wire). In order to make the stress distribution of the coil spring as uniform as possible, it has also been proposed to use a rod member whose diameter changes in the longitudinal direction (axial direction).

  Means for producing rod members whose diameter changes in the longitudinal direction include, for example, machining such as cutting and polishing, diameter reduction processing (plastic processing) by a swaging machine, or plastic processing using a specially shaped rolling roll. Processing is known. Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, a dieless processing apparatus has been proposed in which a heated work is pulled between a first roller and a second roller to stretch a softened portion to make it thinner. ing.

JP-A-60-056416 JP-A-61-206518

  Reducing the diameter of the work by machining such as grinding or polishing requires a long processing time and wastes material. On the other hand, the plastic working using a swaging machine has a problem that the work is struck by a die, so that the noise is large and the working time is long. The method of plastic working a workpiece using a special rolling roll lacks versatility because the shape after processing depends on the rolling roll. On the other hand, in the dieless processing apparatus, the shape and diameter of the work after processing may not be as designed values (target values), and it is difficult to control the temperature of the work and the peripheral speeds of the first roller and the second roller. There is.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a work processing apparatus and a work processing method capable of manufacturing a rod-shaped work with high accuracy and efficiency.

  The work processing apparatus according to the present invention is disposed at a position corresponding to a planetary wheel with respect to a work disposed at a position corresponding to a sun wheel of a planetary mechanism, and rotates around a rotation axis without slipping on the work. A plurality of rollers, a rotating mechanism for also rotating the work by forcibly rotating at least one of the plurality of rollers about the rotation axis, and the plurality of rollers on the outer peripheral surface of the work. A pressure mechanism for pressing, a rocking mechanism for tilting the rotation axis of the roller with respect to a rotation axis of the work, and a means for controlling the rocking mechanism so that the inclination angles of the plurality of rollers are equal to each other. I have it. Then, the tilt angle of the roller is controlled by the swing mechanism so that the contact point between the outer peripheral surface of the work and the roller draws a spiral trajectory.

  One embodiment of the work processing apparatus includes a roller unit including a plurality of rotatable rollers disposed at positions sandwiching the work, a rotation mechanism that rotates at least one of the plurality of rollers, and each of the rollers. A pressure mechanism for pressing the outer peripheral surface of the work, a swing mechanism, and a control unit. Each roller (a set of rollers) of the roller unit has a first half of rotation on the side approaching the work and a second half of rotation on the side away from the work in the rotation direction. The oscillating mechanism looks at each roller from the side where the rollers are arranged, and when the angle formed by the rollers with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the work is 0 °, the rollers are separated from each other. Is inclined in the first axial direction and the second axial direction. The control unit looks at each roller from the side where each roller is disposed, and controls the swing mechanism so that the direction and angle of inclination of the first half of the rotation of each roller are the same for each roller. Control.

  In an example of the control unit, when the work is moved in the first axis direction, the rotation first half side of each roller is inclined in the second axis direction, and the inclination angle of each roller is the same as each other. When the swing mechanism is controlled to move the work in the second axis direction, the rotation first half side of each roller is inclined in the first axis direction, and the inclination angle of each roller is The swing mechanisms may be controlled to be the same as each other.

  The apparatus may further include a guide section that supports the work rotatably about an axis. Further, it is preferable that a sensor for detecting the position of the work and a sensor for detecting the diameter of the work are provided. Furthermore, the roller unit may include three rollers arranged at three locations in the circumferential direction of the workpiece.

  In a work processing method according to one embodiment, a rod-shaped work is arranged between a plurality of rollers, and each roller is pressed against an outer peripheral surface of the work. When the work is moved in the first axis direction, the first rotation half of each roller is inclined in the second axis direction from a neutral position of 0 ° with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the work. By rotating each roller in a first rotation direction while each roller is pressed against the work, the work is rotated in a second rotation direction and the work is moved in a first axial direction. Let it. When the work is moved in the second axial direction, the first rotation half of each roller is inclined from the neutral position in the first axial direction. In a state where each roller is pressed against the work, the work is rotated in the second rotation direction by rotating each roller in the first rotation direction, and the work is moved in the second axial direction. Move to

  In this work processing method, first diameter reduction processing is performed to reduce the diameter of the work when moving in the first axis direction, and the diameter of the work is further reduced when moving in the second axis direction. May be performed. In addition, the diameter of the workpiece may be detected, and the first diameter reduction processing and the second diameter reduction processing may be performed so that the workpiece diameter becomes a predetermined value. Further, the first diameter reduction processing and the second diameter reduction processing may be repeated until the diameter of the work reaches a predetermined value.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, conveyance of a workpiece | work (movement of a 1st axial direction and movement of a 2nd axial direction) and processing can be performed simultaneously by one set of rollers. For example, when the work is pressed within the elastic limit by the roller, only the work is transported. When the work is pressed by the roller with a load exceeding the elastic limit, the transfer of the work and the diameter reduction processing can be performed simultaneously. Further, if necessary, the workpiece moving direction can be switched, and the diameter reduction processing can be repeated several times in at least a part of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction. According to the work processing apparatus and the work processing method of the present invention, a rod-shaped work having a portion whose diameter changes in the longitudinal direction can be manufactured with high precision and efficiency using a set of rollers.

The top view which shows typically the workpiece processing apparatus which concerns on one embodiment. The front view of the workpiece processing apparatus shown by FIG. The front view of the roller unit of the workpiece | work processing apparatus shown by FIG. The top view which shows the state in which the roller of the roller unit inclined. The side view of the roller unit shown by FIG. The top view which shows the state in which the roller of the roller unit inclined in the other direction. The side view of the roller unit shown by FIG. The front view of the roller unit which concerns on other embodiment.

Hereinafter, a workpiece processing apparatus and a processing method according to one embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing the workpiece machining apparatus 10, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the workpiece machining apparatus 10. The workpiece processing apparatus 10 forms a portion (for example, a tapered portion W1 or a small-diameter portion W2) whose diameter changes in at least a part of a bar-shaped workpiece W having a circular cross section in a longitudinal direction (a direction along the axis X). be able to.

  The work processing apparatus 10 includes a base member 11 having rigidity so as not to be deformed when processing the work W, and a roller unit 12 arranged on the base member 11. The roller unit 12 includes at least two rollers 13 and 14 and roller holders 15 and 16 that hold the rollers 13 and 14. The rollers 13 and 14 can rotate around the rotation shafts 17 and 18.

  The work processing apparatus 10 includes rotating mechanisms 20 and 21 for rotating the rollers 13 and 14, pressing mechanisms 30 and 31 for pressing the rollers 13 and 14 toward the outer peripheral surface W <b> 3 of the work W, and rollers 13 and 14. , 14, and a control unit (controller) 50. The rotation mechanisms 20 and 21 forcibly rotate the rollers 13 and 14 that are in contact with the workpiece W about the rotation shafts 17 and 18.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of the roller unit 12 shown in FIG. The roller unit 12 has a pair of rollers 13 and 14. The rollers 13 and 14 are arranged to face each other at a position where the workpiece W is sandwiched in the radial direction. These rollers 13 and 14 rotate around the rotation shafts 17 and 18 provided on the roller holders 15 and 16 at the same peripheral speed in a fixed rotation direction (first rotation direction R1). When the rollers 13 and 14 rotate in the first rotation direction R1, the workpiece W that is in contact with the rollers 13 and 14 rotates in the second rotation direction R2 due to friction between the rollers 13 and 14. The roller holders 15 and 16 are provided with support shafts (swing shafts) 15a and 16a, respectively.

  When compared to a planetary mechanism, the work W is disposed at a position corresponding to a sun wheel, and the rollers 13 and 14 are disposed at positions corresponding to a planet wheel. The rollers 13 and 14 rotate around the rotation shafts 17 and 18 without sliding with respect to the workpiece W. When the rollers 13 and 14 rotate, the workpiece W rotates about the axis X. That is, the axis X of the workpiece W is also the rotation axis of the workpiece W.

  The rollers 13 and 14 are configured to rotate at the same peripheral speed in the first rotation direction R1 by the rotation mechanisms 20 and 21 (shown in FIG. 1). The outer circumference of each of the rollers 13 and 14 has, in the rotation direction (R1), first half portions 13a and 14a on the side approaching the work W and second half portions 13b and 14b on the side away from the work W.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first half 13 a of the rotation of the one roller 13 is a part of the entire circumference of the roller 13 which is a half circumference on the upstream side in the rotation direction from a point P <b> 1 where the roller 13 contacts the work W. The latter half 13b of the rotation of the roller 13 is a part of a half circumference on the downstream side in the rotation direction from a point P1 where the roller 13 and the workpiece W are in contact. The first half of rotation 14a of the other roller 14 is a part of the entire circumference of the roller 14 that is a half circumference on the upstream side in the rotation direction from a point P2 where the roller 14 and the workpiece W are in contact with each other. The latter half 14b of the rotation of the roller 14 is a half-peripheral portion on the downstream side in the rotation direction from a point P2 where the roller 14 and the workpiece W are in contact with each other.

  The rotation mechanisms 20 and 21 have motors 61 and 62, respectively. The motors 61 and 62 are controlled by the control unit 50. The output shafts 61 a and 62 a of the motors 61 and 62 are connected to the rotation shafts 17 and 18 of the rollers 13 and 14 via universal joints 63 and 64. The angle formed between the rotation shaft 17 of the first roller 13 and the output shaft 61 a of the motor 61 is absorbed by the universal joint 63. The angle between the rotation shaft 18 of the second roller 14 and the output shaft 62a of the motor 62 is absorbed by the universal joint 64.

  The rollers 13 and 14 rotate in one direction (first rotation direction R1) about the rotation shafts 17 and 18 by the torque generated by the motors 61 and 62. The number of rollers is not limited to two and may be three or more. Further, at least one of the plurality of rollers may be rotated by the rotation mechanism, and the remaining rollers may be driven to rotate.

  The pressing mechanisms 30 and 31 include movable frames 70 and 71 that support the roller holders 15 and 16, driving units 72 and 73 that move the movable frames 70 and 71 in the radial direction of the work W, and movable units 70 and 71. Linear guides 74 and 75 for guiding movement are included. The roller holders 15, 16 are supported by movable frames 70, 71 so as to be able to rotate around support shafts (swinging shafts) 15a, 16a.

  The rollers 13 and 14 are pressed toward the outer peripheral surface W3 of the work W by the pressing mechanisms 30 and 31. The drive units 72 and 73 of the pressurizing mechanisms 30 and 31 include actuators 80 and 81 and force transmission units 82 and 83 (shown in FIG. 2) for transmitting the driving force generated by the actuators 80 and 81 to the movable frames 70 and 71. It has. An example of the force transmission units 82 and 83 is a feed screw (lead screw), but other force transmission members may be used. As the actuators 80 and 81, a rotating electric machine such as a pulse motor that can control the rotation direction and the rotation position by the control unit 50 can be used. A hydraulic unit such as a hydraulic motor or a hydraulic cylinder may be used for the actuators 80 and 81.

  The swing mechanisms 40 and 41 have actuators 90 and 91 for tilting the rollers 13 and 14 in a first axial direction X1 and a second axial direction X2. That is, the rocking mechanisms 40 and 41 move the first rotation portions 13a and 14a sides of the rollers 13 and 14 held by the roller holders 15 and 16 between the neutral positions N (shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 7). It has a function of tilting in the first axial direction X1 and the second axial direction X2. The roller holders 15 and 16 rotate around the support shafts 15a and 16a, respectively. As described above, the swing mechanisms 40 and 41 tilt the rotation shafts 17 and 18 of the rollers 13 and 14 with respect to the rotation axis (the axis X) of the work W.

  FIG. 4 shows a state in which the first half of rotation 13a of the first roller 13 and the first half of rotation 14a of the second roller 14 are inclined in the second axial direction X2. FIG. 5 is a side view of the roller unit 12 as viewed from the side where the first roller 13 is disposed. In this specification, the angles θ1, θ1 formed by the rotation surfaces Y2, Y2 ′ of the rollers 13, 14, which are perpendicular to the rotation axes 17, 18, with respect to a surface Y1, which is perpendicular to the axis X of the workpiece W (shown in FIG. 5). Is referred to as the roller inclination angle (pitch angle). When the inclination angles θ1 and θ1 ′ are 0 °, the rollers 13 and 14 are in the neutral position.

  When viewed from the side where the first roller 13 is disposed as shown in FIG. 5, the first half 13a of the rotation of the first roller 13 has an inclination angle with respect to a neutral position N perpendicular to the axis X of the workpiece W. It is inclined in the second axis direction X2 at θ1. The first rotation half 14a of the second roller 14 is also inclined with respect to the neutral position N in the second axial direction X2 at an inclination angle θ1 ′. The inclination angles θ1, θ1 ′ are the same angle. For convenience of explanation, in FIG. 5, the tilt angles θ1 and θ1 ′ are exaggerated and drawn large, but the actual tilt angles θ1 and θ1 ′ are small angles of several degrees or less (for example, about 1 °).

  FIG. 6 shows a state in which the first half portion 13a of the first roller 13 and the first half portion 14a of the second roller 14 are inclined in the first axial direction X1. FIG. 7 is a side view of the roller unit 12 as viewed from the side where the first roller 13 is disposed.

  When viewed from the side where the first roller 13 is disposed as shown in FIG. 7, the first half portion 13 a of the first roller 13 rotates relative to a surface Y 1 perpendicular to the axis X of the work W. The surface Y2 is inclined in the first axial direction X1 at an inclination angle θ2. The first half 14a of the rotation of the second roller 14 also inclines in the first axis direction X1 with the rotation surface Y2 'of the roller 14 forming an inclination angle θ2' with respect to a surface Y1 perpendicular to the axis X of the work W. . The inclination angles θ2 and θ2 ′ are the same angle. For convenience of explanation, in FIG. 7, the inclination angles θ2 and θ2 ′ are exaggerated and drawn large, but the actual inclination angles θ2 and θ2 ′ are small angles of several degrees or less (for example, about 1 °).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the first roller 13 and the second roller 14 are respectively separated from the first axis direction X1 and the second axis direction X2 at a neutral position N where the inclination angle is 0 °. Lean on. Further, the swing mechanism 40, 41 is controlled by the control unit 50 so that the inclination angles θ1, θ1 ′ when the first half portions 13a, 14a of the rollers 13, 14 incline in the second axis direction X2 are the same. Is controlled.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 50 controls the first and second rotation portions 13a and 14a of the rollers 13 and 14 so that the inclination angles θ2 and θ2 ′ when the first half portions 13a and 14a are inclined in the first axial direction X1 are the same. The swinging mechanisms 40 and 41 are controlled by this. Moreover, the tilt angles θ1, θ1 ′, θ2, and θ2 ′ of the rollers 13 and 14 can be changed by the swing mechanisms 40 and 41. For example, the inclination angle of the rollers 13 and 14 is set to an appropriate value in accordance with the material of the workpiece W and the degree of processing (cross section reduction rate). That is, the control unit 50 functions as a unit that controls the swing mechanisms 40 and 41 so that the inclination angles of the rollers 13 and 14 are equal to each other.

  The control unit 50 changes the inclination angles of the rollers 13 and 14 by controlling the swing mechanisms 40 and 41. This swing control is realized by NC control (Numerical Control) using a computer program. The control unit 50 includes an electrical configuration for controlling the rotation mechanisms 20, 21, the pressure mechanisms 30, 31, and the swing mechanisms 40, 41, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and a memory for storing data. ing. Various data necessary for machining the workpiece W are stored in the memory.

  The work processing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment has guide portions 100 and 101 (shown in FIG. 1) that support the work W rotatably about the axis X. One example of the guide portions 100 and 101 is a linear bush type, which suppresses the work W being processed from moving in the radial direction, and allows the work W to move in the direction along the axis X.

  Sensors S1 and S2 for detecting the diameter of the work W are disposed upstream and downstream of the roller unit 12 with respect to the moving direction of the work W (the direction along the axis X). One example of the sensors S1 and S2 measures the outer diameter of the workpiece W before and after processing using the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit of the laser beam. In addition, the workpiece machining apparatus 10 includes sensors S3 and S4 that detect the position of the workpiece W in the moving direction (direction along the axis X).

Next, a method for machining the workpiece W by the workpiece machining apparatus 10 will be described.
An example of the workpiece W is a rod member made of spring steel and having a circular cross section. This work W is cut into a predetermined length in advance. The workpiece W is heated to, for example, an austenitizing temperature in order to facilitate plastic working.

  One example of the heating unit 110 (schematically shown in FIG. 1) heats a region including a portion to be processed of the work W before the work W is supplied to the rollers 13 and 14. An example of the heating unit 110 is a high-frequency induction heating device, but may be an energization heating device that generates Joule heat in the work W by an electric current, or a heating furnace that heats the work by radiant heat.

  The work W heated to a temperature suitable for plastic working is supported by the guides 100 and 101, and the starting point of the processed part of the work W is arranged between the rollers 13 and 14. When the rollers 13 and 14 rotate in the first rotation direction R1 (shown in FIG. 3), the work W in contact with the rollers 13 and 14 rotates in the second rotation direction R2. When the inclination angle of the rollers 13 and 14 is 0 ° (neutral position), even if the work W is rotated by the rotation of the rollers 13 and 14, the work W does not move in the axial direction.

  FIGS. 4 and 5 show a state where the first half portions 13a and 14a of the rotating rollers 13 and 14 are inclined in the second axial direction X2. The inclination angles are θ1 and θ1 ′. The work W in contact with the rollers 13 and 14 is like a “screw” according to the inclination angles (positive pitch angles) θ1 and θ1 ′ of the rollers 13 and 14 due to friction between the rollers 13 and 14. At the first axial direction X1. The rollers 13 and 14 are rotated by motors 61 and 62. When the rotation speed of the motors 61 and 62 can be controlled by the control unit 50, the rotation speed of the workpiece W per unit time and the moving speed in the axial direction can be changed according to the peripheral speed of the rollers 13 and 14. .

  As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, when the first rotation portions 13a and 14a of the rollers 13 and 14 are inclined in the second axial direction X2, the work W is moved to the peripheral speeds of the rollers 13 and 14 and the inclination angles θ1 and θ1 ′. It moves in the first axial direction X1 at the corresponding speed. At this time, the moving speed of the workpiece W increases as the circumferential speed of the rollers 13 and 14 and the inclination angles θ1 and θ1 ′ increase. When the work W is pressed within the elastic limit by the rollers 13 and 14 while moving (moving forward) in the first axial direction X1, the work W is transported without processing. When the workpiece W is pressed with a load exceeding the elastic limit, the conveyance of the workpiece W and the first diameter reduction processing are performed simultaneously. Thereby, the diameter of the portion of the work W that has passed through the rollers 13 and 14 is slightly reduced. The diameter of the work W after processing is detected by the sensor S1. The position of the workpiece W in the axial direction is detected by sensors S3 and S4.

  When the workpiece W moves to the end point of the processed portion, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the first rotation portions 13a and 14a of the rollers 13 and 14 are inclined from the neutral position N in the first axial direction X1. When the first rotation portions 13a, 14a of the rollers 13, 14 are inclined in the first axial direction X1, the workpiece W is moved in the second axial direction X2 at a speed corresponding to the peripheral speeds of the rollers 13, 14 and the inclination angles θ2, θ2 ′. Go to At this time, the larger the peripheral speeds of the rollers 13 and 14 and the inclination angles θ2 and θ2 ′, the higher the moving speed of the work W. The work W in contact with the rollers 13 and 14 rotating in the first direction R1 is in accordance with the inclination angles (minus pitch angles) θ2 and θ2 ′ of the rollers 13 and 14, as if by a “reverse screw”. The screw advances (retreats) in the second axial direction X2.

  As described above, the workpiece processing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment uses the rollers 13 and 14 by the swing mechanisms 40 and 41 so that the contact points between the outer peripheral surface W3 of the rotating workpiece W and the rollers 13 and 14 draw a spiral trajectory. To control the tilt angle.

  When the work W is pressed within the elastic limit by the rollers 13 and 14 when the work W moves in the second axial direction X2, the work W is transported without processing. When the workpiece W is pressed with a load exceeding the elastic limit, the conveyance of the workpiece W and the second diameter reduction processing are performed simultaneously. For this reason, the diameter of the part which the workpiece | work W passed the rollers 13 and 14 becomes still smaller. The diameter of the workpiece W after processing is detected by the sensor S2.

  By switching the directions in which the rollers 13 and 14 are tilted by the swing mechanisms 40 and 41 in this manner, the diameter of the work W is reduced while the work W reciprocates in the first axial direction X1 and the second axial direction X2. It gets smaller gradually. The first diameter reduction process and the second diameter reduction process may be repeated until the diameter of the workpiece of the workpiece W reaches a predetermined value. Although the moving direction of the work W is reversed in the first diameter reduction processing and the second diameter reduction processing, the rotation direction (R1) of the rollers 13 and 14 is constant, and the rotation direction (R2) of the work W is also constant. It is. Thus, a tapered portion W1 or a small diameter portion W2 (shown in FIG. 1) having a predetermined length is formed at least in a part of the workpiece W in the longitudinal direction.

  The rollers 13 and 14 are pressed in the radial direction of the work W by the pressing mechanisms 30 and 31. The pressurizing mechanisms 30 and 31 are controlled by the control unit 50. By controlling the feed amount of the rollers 13 and 14 in the radial direction of the workpiece W by the control unit 50, the degree of processing of the workpiece W (the reduction rate of the cross section) can be adjusted. The processed workpiece W is taken out from the workpiece processing apparatus 10 and then naturally cooled to a temperature suitable for conveyance and handling. In some cases, the work W immediately after processing may be cooled by a cooling medium such as water or gas.

  In this way, a work W whose diameter changes in the longitudinal direction can be manufactured. The work processing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment has no waste of material and avoids problems such as cutting of the metal flow of the metallographic structure, as compared with the case where the work W is manufactured by machining such as cutting. In addition, since it is not necessary to “grab” the workpiece necessary for machining, the workpiece W can be processed over almost the entire length.

  The work processing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment uses a pair of rotating rollers 13 and 14 to rotate the work, move the work (movement in the first axial direction X1 and the first axial direction X2), Work of the workpiece (reduction processing) can be performed simultaneously. For this reason, the structure of the workpiece processing apparatus 10 can be simplified, and consumption of energy required for processing can be reduced. When the work W is pressed within the elastic limit by the rollers 13 and 14, the work W is conveyed in the first axial direction or the second axial direction without being substantially processed. When the workpiece W is pressed by the rollers 13 and 14 with a load exceeding the elastic limit, the second diameter reduction processing is performed while the workpiece W moves in the second axial direction X2.

  Since the workpiece processing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment directly processes the processed portion of the workpiece W using the rollers 13 and 14 that are NC-controlled by the control unit 50, the processing accuracy is high and the processing time is relatively short. The workpiece processing apparatus 10 can finish a tapered portion and a small-diameter portion with higher precision than dieless processing in which the material is pulled while the material is softened. Since the processing by the workpiece processing apparatus 10 does not require strictness of the workpiece temperature as compared with the dieless processing, temperature management is easy. In addition, the work processing apparatus 10 occupies a small installation area in the factory, and does not generate a large noise unlike a swaging machine.

The processing method using the work processing apparatus 10 of the embodiment described above includes the following steps.
(1) Heat the rod-shaped workpiece to be processed as necessary,
(2) Arranging the workpiece between a pair of rollers 13 and 14 arranged at a position sandwiching the workpiece,
(3) Press the rollers 13 and 14 toward the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece,
(4) The first rotation portions 13a, 14a of the rollers 13, 14 are inclined in the second axial direction X2 at a neutral position N perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece,
(5) In a state where the workpiece is pressed by the rollers 13 and 14, the rollers 13 and 14 are rotated in the first rotation direction R1,
(6) The workpiece is rotated in the second rotational direction R2 and moved in the first axial direction X1, and the first diameter reduction processing for reducing the diameter of the workpiece is performed as necessary.
(7) Tilt the rotation first half portions 13a, 14a of the rollers 13, 14 in the first axial direction X1 opposite to the second axial direction X2,
(8) In a state where the work is pressed by the rollers 13 and 14, the rollers 13 and 14 are rotated in the first rotation direction R1,
(9) The work is rotated in the second rotation direction R2 and moved in the second axial direction X2, and the second diameter reduction processing for further reducing the diameter of the work is performed as necessary.
(10) The diameter of the processed work is detected, and the first diameter reduction processing is performed until the diameter of the work reaches a predetermined value.

  FIG. 8 shows a roller unit 12A according to the second embodiment. The roller unit 12A includes three rollers 13, 14, 120 arranged at three locations in the circumferential direction of the workpiece W. The first roller 13 and the second roller 14 are the same as those described in the first embodiment. Like the first and second rollers 13 and 14, the third roller 120 is held by a roller holder 121 having a support shaft (swinging shaft) 121a, and rotates around a rotation shaft 122.

  These three rollers 13, 14, and 120 also have a function of positioning the work W. If a guide portion capable of rotatably supporting works of various diameters is used in place of the linear bush type guide, the diameter of the work W is not restricted, so that the work (rod Member) can be processed. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the workpiece processing apparatus having the roller unit 12A of the second embodiment and the workpiece processing apparatus 10 having the roller unit 12 described in the first embodiment. Omitted.

  The workpiece processing apparatus and the processing method of the present invention can be applied to a solid or hollow rod-shaped workpiece. The workpiece may be a rod member used for a material such as a coil spring, a stabilizer, or a torsion bar. The material of the workpiece may be a metal other than steel or a workpiece made of a nonmetal such as a synthetic resin. Depending on the material of the workpiece, the workpiece may be processed in a cold temperature range (room temperature) or a warm temperature range higher than room temperature without heating.

  W: Work, W1: Tapered portion, W2: Small diameter portion, W3: Outer peripheral surface, 10: Work processing device, 11: Base member, 12: Roller unit, 13, 14, Roller, 15, 16 ... Roller holder, 15a, 16a: Support shaft (swinging shaft), 17, 18: Rotating shaft, 20, 21: Rotating mechanism, 30, 31: Pressing mechanism, 40, 41: Swing mechanism, 50: Control unit, 100, 101: Guide Reference numeral 110: heating means, S1, S2, S3, S4: sensor, X: axis, X1: first axis direction, X2: second axis direction, R1: first rotation direction, R2: second Direction of rotation.

Claims (11)

A plurality of rollers that are arranged at positions corresponding to planetary wheels with respect to a work arranged at a position corresponding to the sun wheel of the planetary mechanism, and rotate around a rotation axis without slipping on the work,
A rotation mechanism that also rotates the work by forcibly rotating at least one of the plurality of rollers about the rotation axis;
A pressure mechanism for pressing the plurality of rollers against the outer peripheral surface of the work,
A swing mechanism for inclining the rotation axis of the roller with respect to the rotation axis of the work,
Means for controlling the swing mechanism so that the inclination angles of the plurality of rollers are equal to each other,
A workpiece processing apparatus comprising:   2. The work processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the roller is controlled by the swing mechanism such that a contact point between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating work and the roller draws a spiral trajectory. 3. A roller unit including a plurality of rotatable rollers arranged at positions sandwiching the work, each of the rollers including a first half of rotation on a side approaching the work with respect to a rotation direction and a second half of rotation on a side away from the work; ,
A rotation mechanism for rotating at least one of the plurality of rollers,
A pressure mechanism for pressing each roller against the outer peripheral surface of the work,
Looking at the rollers from the side where the rollers are disposed, the angle formed by the rollers with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the work is 0 °, and the first half of the rotation of each roller A rocking mechanism for tilting the first and second axes in a first axis direction and a second axis direction;
A control unit that controls the rocking mechanism so that the direction and angle of inclination of the first half of rotation of each roller are the same for each roller, as viewed from each roller from the side where each roller is disposed. A workpiece processing apparatus comprising:   The control unit, when moving the workpiece in the first axis direction, inclines the rotation first half side of each of the rollers in the second axis direction, and the inclination angles of the rollers are the same as each other. When controlling the rocking mechanism and moving the work in the second axis direction, the rotation first half side of each roller is inclined in the first axis direction, and the inclination angle of each roller is the same. The workpiece processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the swing mechanism is controlled so as to satisfy the following.   The work processing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a guide portion that supports the work so as to be rotatable around an axis and movably in a direction along the axis.   The work processing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a sensor that detects a position of the work, and a sensor that detects a diameter of the work.   The work processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the roller unit includes three rollers arranged at three positions in a circumferential direction of the work. Place a bar-shaped work between the rollers,
Each of the rollers is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the work,
When the work is moved in the first axis direction, the first half of each roller rotation is inclined in the second axis direction from a neutral position of 0 ° with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the work,
Rotating each roller in a first rotation direction in a state where each roller is pressed against the work, rotating the work in a second rotation direction and moving the work in a first axial direction,
When moving the work in the second axial direction, the first half of rotation of each roller is inclined in the first axial direction from the neutral position,
Rotating each roller in the first rotation direction in a state where each roller is pressed against the work, rotating the work in the second rotation direction, and moving the work in the second axial direction. A method of processing a workpiece, characterized by the following. Performing a first diameter reduction process to reduce the diameter of the workpiece during the movement in the first axial direction;
9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising: performing a second diameter reduction process to further reduce the diameter of the workpiece during the movement in the second axial direction. 10. Detecting the diameter of the work,
The method according to claim 9, wherein the first diameter reduction processing and the second diameter reduction processing are performed such that a diameter of the work becomes a predetermined value.   The method according to claim 10, wherein the first diameter reduction processing and the second diameter reduction processing are repeated until the diameter of the work reaches a predetermined value.

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