JP2019204082A - Spherical layer structure condensing lens, spherical layer structure lens block, and condensation tracking photoelectric conversion device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a condensing lens that has a long focal distance, has no angle dependency, and reduces a spherical aberration even if a condensation magnification is equal to or more than dozens of times, to provide a spherical layer structure condensation of a condensation type photoelectric conversion lens block that is excellent in aesthetic feature since a thickness is thin and a machine mechanism is not provided in a center part, and can be achieved at a low cost, and to provide a spherical layer structure condensation device when arranged in a honeycomb way.SOLUTION: A condensation tracking photoelectric conversion device includes a spherical lens block, a photoelectric conversion panel 40, a drive device, a control device and a tracking mechanism 100. The spherical lens block is made of one or more spherical lenses, and is made of a multi layer structure different in refractive index, in which a spherical inner layer transparent part is lower in dielectric constant than a layer on one outer side, a spherical innermost layer transparent part is a material low in refractive index, and a thickness is calculated so as to have a radius cancelling out a spherical aberration accompanied by a refractive index condition. As a condensation tracking photoelectric conversion panel 30, the condensation tracking photoelectric conversion device comprises a condensing lens, a plurality of solar battery cells and a circuit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 14

Description

The present invention relates to a condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device.

Conventionally, and non-condensing type photoelectric conversion panel, the lens, light converging-type photoelectric conversion panel having a collector such as a mirror have been developed. In addition, a driving device that drives these photoelectric conversion panels so as to track a preset solar trajectory, and a control that controls the driving device by calculating a driving amount of the driving device so as to match the preset solar orbit A condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device having a tracking mechanism including the device has also been developed (Patent Documents 2 to 5).

  In addition, the spherical lens has no angle dependency, but spherical aberration occurs. In order to cope with this problem, a lens that changes the refractive index inside the sphere, focuses on the sphere surface, and does not generate spherical aberration has been developed (Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 1-3).

Further, in recent years, a condensing photoelectric conversion panel that can not only collect direct light on a photoelectric conversion cell at a high magnification but also efficiently transmit incident scattered light and can be used for multiple purposes. A condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device provided with a tracking mechanism as described above has also been proposed (Patent Document 6).

JP-A-1-101502 JP 2003-324210 A JP 2012-0669610 A JP 2013-021286 A JP 2014-095280 A JP 2006-062931 A Hal Schrank and John Sanford “A Luneburg-Lens Update”, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol, 37, No 1, February 1995. Panagiotis Kotsidas, Vijay Modi, Jeffery M Gordon “Nominally stationary high-concentration solar opticals by gradient-index lenses. Jeffrey M.C. Gordon "Spherical gradient-indexes as perfect imaging and maximum power transfer devices." APPLIED OPTICS vol 39, No 22 (2000) Makoto Tabata, ET AL. “Development of transsilient silica aerogel over a wide range of sensitivities” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research 623-3 623 (20-3 G. TORALDO “Special Lenses for Infrared and Microwaves”, Journal of Applied Physics 32, 2051 (1961) TOMOS L. APRHYS “The Design of Radially Symmetric Lenses”, IEEE TRANSACTION ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, JULY 1970

  A general tracking device is a large-scale device in order to realize a structure excellent in wind resistance, but the solar cell loading amount is not large for that. For this reason, a distributed movable type tracking device has also been proposed, but the mechanism of the tracking device is complicated and the cost increases. In addition, the tracking device has a large problem during installation and transportation.

Furthermore, conventional general tracking devices use a component having no or very low light transmittance as a constituent member. Then, for example, when a condensing photoelectric conversion panel capable of transmitting incident scattered light is controlled by a general tracking mechanism, the scattered light transmitted through the condensing photoelectric conversion panel is The utility value of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel which cannot transmit and can transmit scattered light will fall.

Moreover, when it comes to a building about a condensing photoelectric conversion panel and a movable dispersion type tracking mechanism, it is required to be thin and have no mechanism in the center due to problems of aesthetics and installation convenience. .

In view of the above points, an object of the present invention is to provide a condensing photoelectric conversion panel and a dispersion movable tracking mechanism, and to collect direct light at a high magnification and at the same time, scattered light. It is not only possible to efficiently pass through and can be used for multiple purposes, but it is thin and has excellent convenience during installation and transportability at the time of transportation. It is providing the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus which can implement | achieve.

The present invention includes a spherical layer structure condensing lens and a spherical layer structure condensing lens mass associated with the condensing portion of the condensing photoelectric conversion device.
Spherical layer structure condensing lens according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Spherical outermost layer transparent part that transmits 90% or more of electromagnetic waves and 90% or more of electromagnetic waves are transmitted,
The refractive index is 0.02 or more lower than the spherical outermost transparent portion,
Refractive index is 1.48 or less,
Having a radius of 60% or more and 90% or less of the spherical outermost layer transparent portion radius,
It is characterized by comprising a spherical innermost layer transparent portion having a refractive index and a radius to cancel spherical aberration.

According to the spherical layer structure condensing lens according to the present embodiment, it is a spherical lens and has no angle dependency, but it can eliminate a long focal length and spherical aberration.

The condensing and tracking photoelectric conversion device can collect and track sunlight, and can be used as a concentrating and tracking solar power generation device using solar cells as photoelectric conversion cells. It is no angular dependence to take the condensing tracking photovoltaic power generation device leads to the fact that the condenser causes name only position movement. Long focal length leads to an increase in the maximum allowable angle.

The condensing and tracking photoelectric conversion device can be used as a LIDER (LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING) device that tracks the external environment, collects incident light, and uses the sensor as a photoelectric conversion cell.
The lack of angle dependency for the LIDER device makes it easy to make an omnidirectional radar. The long focal length and the absence of spherical aberration mean that the sensor receiver area is the same and is separated from the surface of the spherical lens, and the sneak electromagnetic waves are reduced and noise can be measured. Further, in the LIDER apparatus, the gain in each sensor becomes a problem. In the condensing / tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus, a spherical condensing lens corresponds to each sensor that is one photoelectric conversion cell, and the spherical condensing lens lump is gathered into the outside. Since the environment is tracked, the gain with respect to a long distance where incident light is reduced is improved, and the sensor sensitivity with respect to a long distance is improved.

The condensing and tracking photoelectric conversion device can be used as an optical wireless feeding receiver that bends light coming from a specific direction and converts it into electric power using a photoelectric conversion receiver as a first photoelectric conversion cell. Optical wireless power feeding is a device that feeds electricity far away using transmitted light having a high degree of straightness, but the positions on the transmitting side and the receiving side differ each time power is fed. Therefore, in optical wireless power feeding, it is necessary to align the direction of transmitted light and to guide transmitted light from multiple directions to a photoelectric conversion receiver. The condensing and tracking photoelectric conversion device guides transmitted light coming from a specific direction to the photoelectric conversion receiver by moving its position as an optical wireless power supply receiver. Thereby, optical wireless power supply reception can be performed with respect to a multidirectional transmitter. A laser can be used as the transmitted light. An excimer laser (wavelength 190 nm ultraviolet light), a semiconductor laser (wavelength 900 nm near infrared light), a CO2 laser (wavelength 10700 nm far infrared light) and the like can be mentioned, but are not limited thereto.

Moreover, you may have a 1 layer or more spherical intermediate | middle layer transparent part which permeate | transmits 90% or more of electromagnetic waves in the middle of the said spherical outermost layer transparent part and the said spherical innermost layer transparent part.

For this reason, for example, by using a material resistant to solvent cracks such as glass for the intermediate layer, using an inexpensive organic solvent material for the innermost transparent portion, and using an inexpensive transparent resin for the outermost layer, an inexpensive organic solvent property The structure which does not raise | generate the problem of a solvent crack can be made, using the raw material and transparent resin.

Further, the spherical outermost layer transparent portion that transmits 90% or more millimeter waves as the spherical outermost layer transparent portion and the spherical outermost layer transparent portion that transmits 90% or more millimeter waves,
The refractive index is 0.02 or more lower than the spherical outermost millimeter wave transparent part,
Refractive index is 1.48 or less,
Having a radius of 60% or more and 90% or less of the radius of the spherical outermost millimeter wave transparent portion,
It may be formed of a spherical innermost millimeter wave transparent portion having a refractive index and a radius that cancels spherical aberration.

Further, as the spherical outermost layer transparent part, a spherical outermost layer millimeter wave transparent part transparent to millimeter waves, and as the spherical innermost layer transparent part, a spherical innermost layer millimeter wave transparent part transparent to millimeter waves is used. Also good.

This makes it possible to focus on millimeter waves, which is a wavelength often used in LIDER devices .

In addition, 90% or more visible light or infrared rays of the spherical outermost layer transparent portion , or 90% or more visible light or infrared rays of the spherical outermost layer visible light transparent portion and the spherical innermost layer transparent portion that transmit ultraviolet rays, or Transmits ultraviolet light ,
0.02 or more lower refractive index than the spherical outermost visible light transparent part,
Refractive index is 1.48 or less,
The spherical outermost layer has a radius of 60% to 90% of the visible light transparent portion radius,
You may have a spherical innermost visible light transparent part with the refractive index and radius which cancel spherical aberration.

One or more spherical intermediate layer visible light transparent parts that transmit 90% or more visible light, infrared light , or ultraviolet light between the spherical outermost layer visible light transparent part and the spherical innermost layer visible light transparent part. You may have.

Thereby, it is possible to efficiently collect and generate electric power for visible light , infrared light, or ultraviolet light targeted by the light-collecting / tracking photoelectric conversion device .

At least one of silicone resin, water, alcohol, carboxylic acid, nitrile compound, ethers, esters, alkali metal fluoride, alkaline earth metal fluoride, fluorocarbon liquid, fluororesin , and airgel is formed on the spherical innermost layer transparent portion. Preferably including one.

Since these materials include those having a low refractive index, it contributes to a decrease in the refractive index of the spherical innermost layer transparent portion, which leads to a long focal length and further increases the maximum allowable angle.

Two or more spherical layer structure condensing lenses are used,
It is preferable that the spherical layer structure condensing lens is joined in a plate shape so that the central portions thereof have the same height, and more than six of the spherical layer structure condensing lenses are used. Alternatively, a spherical layer structure lens block arranged in a lattice shape or a lattice shape may be used.

Thus, the lens thickness can be reduced and the light can be condensed on the plurality of first photoelectric conversion cells at the same time. If it arrange | positions in a grid | lattice form, it will become easy to do the divided | segmented shaping | molding. When arranged in a honeycomb shape, a large number of lenses can be arranged efficiently.

The spherical layer structure condensing lens preferably has at least one cylindrical space from the spherical innermost layer transparent portion toward the spherical intermediate layer transparent portion and the spherical outermost layer transparent portion.
Moreover, you may have a pressure absorption component in the said cylindrical space.

In this way, even if the temperature rises and falls, since the pressure rise and fall can be absorbed in the space in the cylindrical space, a structure that can withstand long-term durability can be achieved. By installing the pressure absorbing component in the cylindrical space, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the spherical lens body on the light collection.

The spherical layer structure condenser lens block according to one embodiment of the present invention is the spherical layer structure condenser lens,
Use two or more
The spherical layer structure condensing lens is joined in a plate shape so that the central portions have the same height.

A condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base unit,
One spherical condenser lens, or two or more spherical condenser lenses joined in a plate shape so that the height of the central part of the spherical lens is the same, and a tracking mechanism; ,
It consists of a photoelectric conversion panel,
The photoelectric conversion panel and the spherical condensing lens or the spherical condensing lens block are relatively operated via the tracking mechanism.

In this way, as a photovoltaic power generation, the spherical condenser lens or the focal point of the spherical condenser lens block is arranged on the photoelectric conversion panel by the operation of a tracking mechanism adapted to the solar operation with a simple operation. The first photoelectric conversion cell thus moved can be relatively moved to collect the sunlight and then enter the first photoelectric conversion cell.

In addition, as a LIDER device, the tracking mechanism is operated in a direction that is desired to be observed with a simple operation, and the spherical condenser lens or the focal point of the spherical condenser lens block is arranged on the photoelectric conversion panel. The sensor, which is one photoelectric conversion cell, can be relatively moved to collect the observation light and enter the first photoelectric conversion cell.

Further, as an optical wireless power supply receiver, a photoelectric conversion panel can be placed at the focal position of the spherical condenser lens or the spherical condenser lens block by the operation of a tracking mechanism that is adapted to receive transmitted light with a simple operation. The photoelectric conversion light receiver which is the 1st photoelectric conversion cell arrange | positioned on the top is moved relatively, and after condensing transmitted light, it can inject into a 1st photoelectric conversion cell.

Therefore, light can be incident on one or a plurality of photoelectric conversion cells on the photoelectric conversion panel in accordance with the movement of the tracking mechanism with a simple structure.

About the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to the embodiment,
The tracking mechanism is disposed on the base portion, and an A drive mechanism provided on the base portion;
An A moving part movable in the horizontal direction of the base surface by the A driving mechanism;
A B drive mechanism disposed on the base portion and provided on the base portion;
A B moving unit movable in the vertical direction of the base unit by the B driving mechanism;
The A drive mechanism is
A first movable support portion and a second movable support portion for supporting the A moving portion on the base portion;
A first drive unit that moves the first movable support unit in a first direction; and a second drive unit that moves the second movable support unit in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction. ,
At least one photoelectric conversion panel is disposed on the A moving part,
In the B moving part, the spherical condenser lens or the spherical condenser lens block is arranged,
It is preferable that the photoelectric conversion panel and the spherical condenser lens or the spherical condenser lens mass operate relatively through the tracking mechanism.

In this way, movement in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction can be performed from the outside, and a large number of devices can be driven simultaneously. Further, the thickness can be reduced as long as the interference between the first drive unit and the second drive unit is taken into consideration.

About the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to the embodiment,
The first drive unit includes a rotation member and a linear movement member, and converts a rotation operation of the rotation member into a linear operation in the first direction of the linear movement member, and a motor that applies a rotation input to the rotation member. Including
The first movable support portion is attached to the linear movement member so as to move together with the linear movement member in the first drive unit,
The second drive unit includes a rotation member and a linear movement member, and converts a rotation operation of the rotation member into a linear operation in the second direction of the linear movement member, and a motor that applies a rotation input to the rotation member. Including
The second movable support part is preferably attached to the linear movement member so as to move together with the linear movement member in the second drive part.

More specifically,
The first driving unit is a screw shaft that extends in the first direction as the conversion mechanism, a sliding screw that includes a nut and a ball, and a screw that rotates the screw shaft so that the nut moves along the screw shaft. And a motor connected to the gear portion,
The first movable support portion is attached to the nut so as to move together with the nut in the first drive portion,
The second drive unit is a screw shaft that extends in the second direction as the conversion mechanism, a sliding screw that includes a nut and a ball, and a screw shaft that rotates the screw shaft so that the nut moves along the screw shaft. And a motor connected to the gear portion,
Preferably, the second movable support portion is attached to the nut so as to move together with the nut in the second drive portion.

  If it does in this way, the movement of the said 1st movable support part and a 2nd movable support part can be achieved with a simple structure.

In the light-collecting tracking photoelectric conversion device according to each of the above embodiments,
The first drive unit includes a first movement axis extending in the first direction, and a drive device for moving the first movable support part along the first movement axis.
Preferably, the second drive unit includes a second moving shaft extending in the first direction and a driving device for moving the second movable support portion along the second moving shaft.

If it does in this way, since a 1st movable support part and a 2nd movable support part can move stably to a mutually perpendicular direction, and a moving part can be moved smoothly by it, it is possible to drive a photoelectric conversion panel smoothly. It becomes.

Moreover, in the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to each of the above embodiments,
The first drive unit is a rack and pinion composed of a rack gear and a pinion gear extending in the first direction as the conversion mechanism, and a motor for rotating the pinion gear so as to move the rack gear in the first direction. Including
The first movable support portion is attached to the rack gear so as to move together with the rack gear in the first drive portion,
The second drive unit is a rack and pinion composed of a rack gear and a pinion gear extending in the second direction as the conversion mechanism, and a motor for rotating the pinion gear so as to move the rack gear in the second direction. Including
The second movable support portion may be attached to the rack gear so as to move together with the rack gear in the second drive portion.

  Even in this case, the movement of the first movable support portion and the second movable support portion can be achieved with a simple structure.

Moreover, in the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to each of the above embodiments,
The first drive unit includes a linear motor A,
The first movable support portion is attached to the linear motor A so as to move together with the linear motor A in the first drive portion,
The second driving unit includes a linear motor B,
The second movable support portion may be attached to the linear motor B so as to move together with the linear motor B in the second drive portion.

  Even in this case, the movement of the first movable support portion and the second movable support portion can be achieved with a simple structure.

Moreover, in the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to each of the above embodiments,
The first drive unit includes a linear motor A,
The first movable support portion includes another linear motor C attached to the linear motor A so as to move together with the linear motor A in the first drive portion,
The second driving unit includes a linear motor B,
The second movable support portion may include another linear motor D attached to the linear motor B so as to move together with the linear motor B in the second drive portion.

Even in this case, the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device can be configured with a simple configuration.

About the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to the embodiment,
The photoelectric conversion panel is
One or a plurality of first photoelectric conversion cells;
A photoelectric conversion cell support;
Wherein provided in a part of the photoelectric conversion cell support base surface, each of said first photoelectric conversion cell includes a circuit electrically connectable to the first photoelectric conversion cell, the photoelectric conversion cell support base on the surface Arranged in a distributed manner
The total light receiving area of the first photoelectric conversion cell is 10% or less of the total lens area of the spherical condenser lens or the spherical layer structure condenser lens block .
It may be there in the photoelectric conversion panel.

In this way, as a photoelectric conversion cell, for example , high-performance power generation can be performed after reducing the amount of use of an extremely high but expensive solar cell.

Moreover, in the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to the embodiment,
About at least the base part and the photoelectric conversion cell support stand, comprising a high transmission plate that transmits the scattered light,
The high transmission plate receives sunlight condensed by the spherical condenser lens block,
You may make it permeate | transmit at least the scattered light component of this sunlight.

If it does in this way, direct light suitable for condensing solar power generation can be generated with the 1st photoelectric conversion cell, and a scattered light component can be permeate | transmitted. Since direct light becomes a heat component on a clear day, the fact that only direct light can be removed using power generation means that only hot sunlight in midsummer is blocked and only scattered light that has become soft light is placed indoors. It can also serve as a solar filter.

Moreover, in the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to the embodiment,
About the photoelectric conversion panel,
The lower part of the first photoelectric conversion cell, or the peripheral part is larger than the first photoelectric conversion cell,
You may have the said photoelectric conversion panel provided with the 2nd photoelectric conversion cell which consists of a photoelectric conversion material different from the said 1st photoelectric conversion cell.

In this way, direct light suitable for concentrating solar power generation is generated by the high-performance but expensive first photoelectric conversion cell, and scattered light components not suitable for concentrating solar power generation are inexpensive second photoelectric conversion cells. Can generate electricity. This can reduce the cost while using the expensive first photoelectric conversion cell, and can achieve a large amount of power generation with respect to area.

Further, immediately above in the form of contact with the first photoelectric conversion cell in the light converging tracking photovoltaic device according to the above embodiment, an auxiliary condensing part having a contact area of substantially the same size as the first photoelectric conversion cell May be.

If it does in this way, in the 1st photoelectric conversion cell, the light in which the incidence fell slightly can be made to enter into the 1st photoelectric conversion cell. Moreover, the light in a 1st photoelectric conversion cell can be disperse | distributed to the whole surface of a 1st photoelectric conversion cell, and the damage by an excessive partial temperature rise can be reduced.

2 is a diagram illustrating a structure of two layers of a spherical layer structure condensing lens according to Example 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a structure of three layers of a spherical layer structure condensing lens according to Example 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure which has the cylindrical space of the spherical layer structure condensing lens based on Example 3 and Example 4. FIG. (A) is a structure including only a cylindrical space (b) is a structure including a pressure absorbing component in the cylindrical space. It is a figure which shows the structure on the conditions which have arrange | positioned the spherical layer structure condensing lens in the grid | lattice form about the spherical layer structure condensing lens mass based on Example 5, (a) is a top view, (b) is a slope figure. It is. It is a figure which shows the structure on the conditions which have arrange | positioned the spherical layer structure condensing lens in the honeycomb form about the spherical layer structure condensing lens lump which concerns on Example 6, (a) is a top view, (b) is a slope figure. It is. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the condensing type photoelectric conversion panel based on Example 7, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the condensing type photoelectric conversion panel based on Example 8, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the condensing type photoelectric conversion panel based on Example 9, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a condensing photoelectric conversion panel according to Example 10. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel based on Example 11 and Example 12, (a) is sectional drawing of a condensing photoelectric conversion panel, (b) is sectional drawing of a cell package. (C) is sectional drawing of a cell package. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the condensing type photoelectric conversion panel based on Example 13, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a top view. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the condensing type photoelectric conversion panel based on Example 14, (a) is sectional drawing of a condensing type photoelectric conversion panel, (b) is sectional drawing of a cell package. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the condition which the condensing type photoelectric conversion panel based on Example 15 operate | moves with the operation | movement of the sun, (a) Schematic explanatory drawing in case the sun exists in the direct upper part (b) The sun is diagonally upper part FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus based on Example 16. It is a perspective view which shows the condition which removed the spherical layer structure condensing lens lump from the state of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the condition which removed the photoelectric conversion panel from the state of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows A drive mechanism of the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus based on Example 16. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st movable support part of the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus based on Example 16. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd movable support part of the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus based on Example 16. FIG. FIG. 18 is a perspective view illustrating a state where the A moving unit is moved in the first direction from the state of FIG. 17. It is a perspective view which shows the state from which the A movement part was moved to the 2nd direction from the state of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the B drive mechanism of the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus based on Example 16. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state from which the B moving part was moved to the 3rd direction from the state of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus based on Example 16. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the condition which removed the spherical layer structure condensing lens lump and the photoelectric conversion panel from the state of FIG. FIG. 26 is a top view showing the A driving device in the state of FIG. 25. It is a top view showing the state moved to the 1st direction from the state of FIG. It is a top view showing the state moved to the 2nd direction from the state of FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the state of a spherical layer structure condensing lens, a photoelectric conversion cell support stand, and a 1st photoelectric conversion cell in the state of the maximum permissible angle based on the design theory 1. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the focal distance normalized by the spherical layer structure condensing lens radius based on the design theory 1, and a maximum permissible angle. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the refractive index of a spherical lens based on the design theory 1, and the maximum permissible angle in the focal distance of the spherical lens in this refractive index. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the calculation conditions in optical simulation. It is the result of the optical simulation which shows the focal distance which obtains the maximum optical efficiency in the case of changing the radius of the spherical innermost layer transparent part (hereinafter, innermost layer radius) according to the design theory 2. The behavior of light rays in optical simulation according to design theory 2 is shown. (A) all PMMA spheres (b) outermost layer transparent part: PMMA, innermost layer transparent part: optimization of spherical innermost layer transparent part in silicone (c) all silicone spheres The dispersion | distribution of the light ray in the focal plane in the optical simulation based on the design theory 2 is shown. (A) All PMMA spheres (b) Outermost layer transparent part: PMMA, Innermost layer transparent part: Spherical innermost layer transparent part optimization in silicone (c) All silicone spheres Concentration magnification, innermost layer radius, and optical efficiency in the optical simulation according to the design theory 3 in the structure of the outermost layer transparent part: PMMA and the innermost layer transparent part: silicone, with the innermost layer radius optimized. It is a graph of the relationship. Concentration magnification, focal length, and optical efficiency in the optical simulation according to the design theory 3 under the conditions of the outermost layer transparent part: PMMA and the innermost layer transparent part: silicone, with the spherical innermost layer transparent part optimized. It is a graph of the relationship. The radius of the spherical-layer-structured condensing lens when the refractive index of the innermost transparent portion (hereinafter, innermost refractive index) is changed as the refractive index of the outermost transparent portion in the optical simulation according to the design theory 4 Is a graph of the relationship between the focal length normalized by (hereinafter referred to as normalized focal length) and the optical efficiency. According to the design theory 4, when the refractive index of the visible light transparent portion of the spherical outermost layer in the optical simulation is 1.5, the optical efficiency when the innermost layer refractive index is changed and the regularity of the spherical layer structure condenser lens by the optical simulation It is a graph of the relationship between the normalization focal length and the normalization focal length of the single layer spherical lens by calculation using the formula of a spherical lens. The radius of the spherical intermediate layer transparent part normalized by the radius of the spherical outermost layer transparent part (hereinafter referred to as the outermost layer radius) under the condition of a three-layer structure with a condensing magnification of 100 times in the optical simulation according to the design theory 5 (hereinafter referred to as normal) Normalized intermediate layer radius) and the radius of the transparent portion of the spherical innermost layer normalized by the outermost layer radius (hereinafter referred to as normalized innermost layer radius) are changed to the optimum normalized intermediate layer radius and normalized innermost layer. It is a graph of the relationship of a radius. Normalization when the normalized intermediate penetration radius and the normalized innermost layer radius normalized by the radius are changed under the condition of the three-layer structure in the optical simulation according to the design theory 5 at a condensing magnification of 100 times. It is the relationship between the spherical innermost layer transparent portion, the normalized focal length, and the optical efficiency. A graph of the relationship between the normalized focal length and the optical efficiency under the condition where the normalized intermediate layer radius is set to 80% under the condition of a three-layer structure with a condensing magnification of 100 times in the optical simulation according to the design theory 5. It is.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following description of the preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the invention, its method of application, or its application.

<Spherical layer structure condenser lens>
Spherical layer structure converging lens according to an embodiment of the present invention is at least (1) 90% of the spherical outermost transparent portion that transmits an electromagnetic wave (2) 60% to 90% of the spherical outermost transparent portion rout Has a radius rcore of
A spherical innermost layer transparent portion having a refractive index and a radius that cancels spherical aberration is provided.

<Condensation tracking photoelectric conversion device>
The light-collecting tracking photoelectric conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least (1) a base portion;
(2) one spherical condenser lens, or a spherical layer structure lens mass in which two or more spherical condenser lenses are joined in a plate shape so that the height of the central part of the spherical lens is the same ;
(3) a tracking mechanism;
(4) A photoelectric conversion panel is provided.

[Example 1]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of two layers of the spherical layer structure condensing lens according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the spherical layer structure condenser lens 10 includes a spherical outermost layer transparent portion 11 having a high refractive index and a spherical innermost layer transparent portion 12.

For the spherical outermost layer transparent portion 11, a substance having a transmittance of 90% or more with respect to millimeter waves , or a substance having a transmittance of 90% or more with respect to visible light , infrared light , or ultraviolet light may be used. . Examples include glass, polystyrene, PMMA, polycarbonate and the like, but are not limited thereto. As shown by design theory 2, the optical efficiency of the spherical single-layer structure condenser lens is about 88% of the optical efficiency of the spherical layer structure condenser lens of the present invention. In other words, the effect of the present invention is not exhibited unless there is a transmittance of about 90% or more.

For the spherical innermost layer transparent portion 12, a substance having a transmittance of 90% or more with respect to millimeter waves , or a substance having a transmittance of 90% or more with respect to visible light , infrared light , or ultraviolet light may be used. . A low refractive index is preferable because a long focal point can be obtained.

Examples of a material having a low refractive index that is preferably used for the spherical innermost layer transparent portion 12 include silicone resin such as FER-7110 (refractive index 1.36) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical , water (refractive index 1.33) , methanol (refractive index ) . 1.326) alcohols, carboxylic acids such as acetic acid (refractive index 1.37), nitrile compounds such as acetonitrile (refractive index 1.344) , ethers such as ethyl ether (refractive index 1.353) , methyl acetate (refractive index) 1.361) Esters, alkali fluoride metals such as sodium fluoride (refractive index 1.34) , alkaline earth metals such as calcium fluoride (refractive index 1.433) , 3M FC-770 (refractive index 1. 27) (registered trademark) fluorocarbon liquid, Mitsui DuPont Teflon (registered trademark) AF 2400 (refractive index 1.29) or fluorocarbon resin, airgel (silica Oite, refractive index 1.0026-1.26), and the like.

Further, alcohols such as methanol, carboxylic acids such as water and acetic acid used for the spherical innermost layer transparent part 12 are absorption materials in the near-infrared band due to hydrogen bonding, but are inexpensive, low refractive index and safe materials. Therefore, by mixing with other substances that do not form hydrogen bonds at a low refractive index, it may be possible to prevent absorption in the near-infrared band with a low refractive index while reducing the price.

The radius (innermost layer radius) of the spherical innermost layer transparent portion 12 is set by calculating a radius that cancels out spherical aberration. Specific innermost radius is the radius calculated at a range of 60-90% of the outermost layer radius as shown in later Figure 33.

As Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, there is a spherical lens called a LUNEBURG lens that has a refractive index with a low refractive index on the outside, a high refractive index on the inside, and a refractive index that changes its inclination. Non-Patent Document 2 proposes a concentrating solar power generation apparatus using GRADENT-INDEX LENSES. Although it is mentioned that the long focal length is a merit, it is assumed that GRADENT-INDEX LENSES is used, and only theoretical calculation is performed. Non-Patent Document 3 shows an example of the relationship between the refractive index of the center of the GRADENT-INDEX LENSES and the focal rate, and a specific refractive index of the GRADENT-INDEX having a long focal length. The range of the refractive index at the focal length of 2.55 is 1.0-1.14. Non-Patent Document 4 is cited as an example of a candidate material for use from Non-Patent Document 2. The material of Non-Patent Document 4 uses porous silica as an airgel and has a refractive index of 1.0026-1.26. This is a technique for creating a material using a homogeneous refractive index material, and it is considered that precise refractive index control cannot be achieved at a practical cost. In the spherical layer structure condensing lens of the present invention, the material of each layer may be uniform, and fine refractive index control is not necessary. In addition, the position operation method for this spherical lens is not specifically mentioned. As a further reference, Non-Patent Documents 4 and 5 show a two-layered spherical lens having an innermost layer refractive index of a low refractive index and an outermost layer refractive index of a high refractive index. In either case, light is condensed without spherical aberration at a short distance from the surface of the spherical lens. As for the refractive index of the two-layered sphere lens as well, in Non-Patent Document 4 , outermost layer dielectric constant 3.4 (estimated refractive index 1.84) , innermost layer dielectric constant 2.665 (estimated refractive index 1.63) , non-patent In Document 5 , the outermost layer dielectric constant is 3.236R0 (R0 = focal length normalized by the radius of the transparent portion of the outermost layer. RO is at least 1), the innermost layer is 2.618 (estimated refractive index of 1.61) , A material having a very high refractive index is assumed as compared with the refractive index 1.491 of PMMA which is a typical transparent material and the refractive index 1.4-2.0 of glass. As a technical trend in recent years, only LUNEBURG lenses are used exclusively, and there are not many of the two-layered spherical lenses that have been applied for and published in patents and papers since 1961.

[Example 2]
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure of three layers of the spherical layer structure condensing lens according to the second embodiment. The spherical layer structure condensing lens may be provided with three or more spherical transparent layers, such as a spherical intermediate layer transparent portion 13 provided between the spherical outermost layer transparent portion 11 and the spherical innermost layer transparent portion 12. Further, the spherical intermediate layer transparent layer 13 may be further provided in multiple layers. Although the spherical layer structure condensing lens is a spherical lens, it cancels out spherical aberration by changing the path of light passing through the outer part of the sphere. The light passing through the central part is condensed relatively well even with a single-layer sphere lens, but the light passing through the end part is not condensed due to spherical aberration. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 36 to be described later, it is preferable that the innermost layer radius is maintained at about 60% or more of the outermost layer radius, or the innermost layer radius is reduced and the radius of the second layer from the center is maintained at about 60% or more. .

Examples of the material of the spherical intermediate layer transparent portion 13 include glass, polystyrene, PMMA, polycarbonate, and the like, similar to the material of the spherical outermost layer transparent portion, but are not limited thereto.

Glass is thick to some extent, and it is difficult to control the thickness of the hollow state, and the price is relatively high, but resistance to various organic solvents is high. Therefore, glass may be used for the intermediate layer, an inexpensive transparent resin on the outside, and a low refractive index organic solvent on the inside.

[Example 3]
FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating a structure in which a cylindrical space is provided from the spherical innermost layer transparent portion of the spherical layer structure condensing lens according to the third embodiment. A cylindrical space 14 is provided from the spherical innermost layer transparent portion 11 toward the spherical outermost layer transparent portion 12. If the spherical innermost layer of the spherical layer structure condensing lens has a low refractive index, a long focal length can be achieved. For this reason, a low refractive index material is desirable, but the low refractive index material is often a liquid at room temperature, such as a fluorocarbon liquid, water, and alcohols. Further, the product of the present invention for use even as a photovoltaic power generation facilities are installed outdoors, temperature difference is generated. In order to cope with the expansion and contraction of the material due to the temperature difference, the cylindrical space can be obtained by filling the low refractive index material in a state where a space is provided outside the spherical innermost layer transparent portion 11 as the cylindrical space. The pressure reduction due to thermal expansion can be absorbed by the compression / shrinkage within 14. Even if the cylindrical space 14 is provided, it is preferable that the spherical innermost layer transparent portion 11 is filled with a low refractive index material, so that the cylindrical space 14 is an upper portion from the ground plane as viewed from the spherical innermost layer transparent portion 11. It is desirable to be in

[Example 4]
FIG. 3B is a view showing a structure in which the pressure absorbing component 15 is provided in the cylindrical space 14 of the spherical layer structure condensing lens 10 according to the fourth embodiment. The pressure absorbing component 15 is made of, for example, a hollow rubber-like substance or a simple rubber-like substance. The position of the pressure absorbing component 15 is fixed regardless of the direction of the spherical layer structure lens. The expansion and contraction of the material accompanying the temperature difference can be absorbed by the pressure absorbing component 15. In Example 3, when the angle of the spherical layer structure lens 10 is changed, bubbles flow through the spherical innermost layer transparent portion. However, in Example 4, since the bubbles do not flow, there is no change in light collection due to the angle.

[Example 5]
In FIG. 4, the spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20 is densely arranged by connecting the spherical layer structure condensing lenses 10 in a lattice shape. The spherical layer structure condenser lens block is formed by, for example, injection molding. In addition, when injection molding is performed, it is divided and molded, and then joined together, so that it is possible to reduce the cost by using inexpensive injection molding. FIG. 4A is a top view of the grid layout, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the grid layout. In the case of decomposition molding and subsequent bonding, a lattice shape is preferred. In addition, at least four or more spheres are required to arrange in a lattice shape. FIG. 5A is a top view of the honeycomb arrangement, and FIG. 5B is a slope view of the honeycomb arrangement.

[Example 6]
As shown in FIG. 5, the spherical layer structure condenser lens block 20 is densely arranged by connecting the spherical layer structure condenser lenses 10 in a honeycomb shape. The spherical layer structure condenser lens block is formed by, for example, injection molding. FIG. 5A is a top view of the honeycomb arrangement, and FIG. 5B is a slope view of the honeycomb arrangement. Moreover, six or more spherical layer structure condensing lenses are required to arrange in a honeycomb shape. When the circles are arranged in a honeycomb shape, the filling factor is 90.7%, which is preferable when increasing the area-to-filling factor.

  However, the arrangement of the spherical layer structure condensing lens of the spherical layer structure lens block is not limited to the honeycomb or lattice shape.

[Example 7]
Fig.6 (a) shows the top view of the photoelectric conversion panel 30 which concerns on Example 6 of this invention. FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30a according to Example 6 broken along the line AA ′ in FIG.

(Outline of Module Structure of Example 6)
As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30a includes a spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20 that condenses sunlight, a photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, and a support base. a first photoelectric conversion cell 42 that are distributed arranged over the surface, the metal film 43, and metal wires 44 for electrically connecting the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 to each other, a group of power generation of the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 And a lead wire 45 for taking out electric power to the outside.

As the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, a highly transmissive plate having a sunlight transmittance of 80% or more may be used, and in addition to a glass plate, a plate material made of resin such as acrylic or polycarbonate, or glass may be used.

The metal film 43 preferably has high electrical conductivity, and copper, aluminum, gold, or the like can be used. Further, not only the metal film but also any material having high electrical conductivity can be used. In Example 6, the metal film 43 is formed in close contact with the surface on the spherical layer structure lens block 20 side of the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, and two metals are used for one first photoelectric conversion cell 42. The films 43a and 43b are formed in an island shape, and the back electrode (here, the + electrode) of the photoelectric conversion cell 42 is formed in close contact with the surface of the metal film 43a on the spherical layer structure lens block 20 side. ing. Further, a metal wire 44 is bonded from the surface electrode (here, the negative electrode) of the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 to the surface of the other metal film 43b. In the present embodiment, the above-described circuit connection configuration is adopted in order to improve productivity. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 is not necessarily divided as described above. Alternatively, a configuration in which one metal film 43 is installed may be employed.

For the metal wire 44, a metal having high electrical conductivity (for example, copper, aluminum, gold, or the like) can be used. In Example 6, the first photoelectric conversion cells 42 are electrically connected in 4 series and 4 parallel (4 × 4 arrangement), and positive and negative lead wires 45 and 45 attached to the elongated metal films 43t and 43t at both ends. The generated power can be taken out from the outside. The metal wire 44 can be a thin strip-shaped metal plate in addition to a thin wire having a diameter of several tens of microns used for wire bonding. The series and parallel connection patterns can be arbitrarily set according to the current and voltage levels to be extracted.

The photoelectric conversion panel 40 is formed by the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, the first photoelectric conversion cell 42, the metal film 43, and the metal wire 44.

When the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30a configured in this way is mounted on a photovoltaic power generation stand and the sun is directly above, the direct light L1 is converted into a spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20 as shown in FIG. It enters the inner spherical layer structure lens 10a. The light incident on the spherical layer structure lens 10a corresponds to the lens, is condensed on the first photoelectric conversion cell 42a disposed at the focal position, and is converted into electricity. Similarly, the direct light incident on the spherical layer structure lens 10b is condensed on the corresponding first photoelectric conversion cell 42b and converted into electricity. The direct light incident on the spherical layer structure lens 10c is condensed on the corresponding first photoelectric conversion cell 42c and converted into electricity. On the other hand, the scattered light L2 incident from all directions is not condensed on the first photoelectric conversion cell 42. When the high transmission plate 41 is used as the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, most of the scattered light L2 passes (transmits) through the high transmission plate 41.

At this time, the total area on the plane (total lens area) of all the lenses forming the lens block of the spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20 is different from the case of the above-mentioned Patent Document 6, and is inside the light receiving surface 20a. It is desirable that the ratio of the total projected area (that is, the circuit area) occupied by the arranged (sealed) opaque metal film 43 and the metal wire 44 is less than 10%. Thereby, when the total light receiving area of the first photoelectric conversion cell is set to ultrahigh magnification condensing of 10% or less of the total sunlight incident area, the light receiving area of the high transmission plate 41 is set to 80% of the total sunlight incident area. This can be done. The first photoelectric conversion cell 42 desirably has a cell conversion efficiency of 35% or more when condensing, such as a compound type multi-junction solar cell. A multi-junction solar cell has a plurality of PN junctions and can photoelectrically convert a wide range of wavelengths from ultraviolet to infrared.

The first photoelectric conversion cell 42 is desirably as small as possible. When the light receiving surface size of the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 is reduced, the focal length FL shown in FIG. 6B is shortened, the overall height of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30 can be suppressed low, and the condensing lens block 20 inside the spherical layer structure The amount of light absorption at the surface is reduced, and the transparency is improved. Furthermore, the size of the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 becomes small, the effect of the heat source is distributed, since the temperature reached in the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 is reduced, thereby improving conversion efficiency and long-term reliability. From this viewpoint, the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 having a size of preferably 1 mm × 1 mm or less (more preferably 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm or less) is used. This size is similar to that of an LED chip, and there is an advantage that an LED mounting technology can be applied (applied).

When the generated voltage is increased by the series-parallel combination, a material having high electrical insulation may be inserted between the metal film 43 and the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41. Further, the metal wire 44 may be coated with a material having high electrical insulation. For the adhesion between the metal film 43 and the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, it is possible to use various types of bonding such as a plating method, a brazing method, a solid phase bonding method, a welding method, and a molten metal bonding method in addition to using a highly conductive adhesive. it can.

  Sunlight falling on the ground can be classified mainly into direct light L1 and scattered light L2. The direct light L1 is a substantially parallel sunlight ray (viewing angle ± 0.256 ° ± 5 °) directly incident from the sun's photosphere and the vicinity thereof, and the scattered light L2 is scattered by fine particles or gas in the atmosphere, and the sky Sun rays entering from the whole. The direct light L1 can be condensed at a high magnification by a lens or a mirror, but the scattered light L2 has a characteristic that it can only be weakly condensed due to thermodynamic limitations.

In Japan, direct light L1 occupies about 60% of the annual solar radiation, and scattered light L2 occupies about 40%. In this embodiment, direct light L1, which accounts for about 60% of the amount of solar radiation, is concentrated on an ultra-high-efficiency PV cell with a cell conversion efficiency of about 40% (more than 50% in the future) while generating solar radiation. Most of the scattered light L2 occupying about 40% of the amount is transmitted. Unlike the conventional PV module, the scattered light L2 does not hit the PV cell and is transmitted. However, the conversion efficiency of the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 is high, and if a solar tracking mechanism is provided, the amount of received direct light can be further increased. Therefore, the amount of power generation more than that of the conventional PV module can be obtained only from the direct light L1. In addition, when the high transmission plate 41 is used as the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, most of the scattered light L2 is transmitted through the high transmission plate 41, so that the installation space can be used for other uses that require sunlight. That is, it can be said that the present invention is a new light-collecting tracking photoelectric conversion module that distributes valuable sunlight to power generation and other uses without waste.

[Example 8]
Next, Example 8 will be described with reference to FIG.

Fig.7 (a) shows the top view of the condensing type photoelectric conversion panel 30b which concerns on Example 8 of this invention. FIG.7 (b) shows sectional drawing of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30b which concerns on Example 8 fractured | ruptured by the BB 'line | wire of Fig.7 (a).

(Outline of Module Structure of Example 8)
The condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30b is composed of the same member as the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30a of the sixth embodiment, but the length of the metal wire 44 in the electrical connection between the first photoelectric conversion cells 42 and 42 is as follows. The metal film 43 is lengthened instead. In the eighth embodiment, the area of the opaque portion is slightly increased as compared with the sixth embodiment, but it is easy to reduce the series resistance of the connection circuit, and the conversion efficiency can be maintained in the case of a high current. Moreover, it is suitable for installing a long and narrow photoelectric conversion cell in the case of two-dimensional condensing (line condensing) instead of the three-dimensional condensing (point condensing) as in the sixth and eighth embodiments.

[Example 9]
Next, Example 9 will be described with reference to FIG.

Fig.8 (a) shows the top view of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30c which concerns on Example 9 of this invention. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30 according to Example 9 broken along the line CC ′ in FIG.

(Outline of Module Structure of Example 9)
In the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30c, the first and second photoelectric conversion cells 42 and 42 are different from each other in the sixth and eighth embodiments.
Unlike Example 6 and Example 8, in this example, a transparent electrode film (for example, ITO film) 47 bears most of the electrical connection. Similarly to Example 8, two metal films 43a and 43b are formed in an island shape with respect to one first photoelectric conversion cell 42. However, the metal films 43a and 43b and the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 In the meantime, the transparent electrode film 47 is patterned by sputtering or the like, and the first photoelectric conversion cells 42 and 42 are electrically connected instead of the wire of the sixth embodiment.

  In this method, a complicated series-parallel connection circuit can be formed relatively easily by patterning, and the transmittance can be improved as compared with other embodiments. The metal films 43 a and 43 b are not provided, and the cell 42 may be directly provided on the transparent conductive film 47. In order to facilitate the bonding between the transparent electrode film 47 and the metal film 43 or between the transparent electrode film 47 and the cell 42, a layer made of another material may be inserted between both members.

[Example 10]
Next, Example 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 shows an installation configuration example of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30d according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the eighth embodiment, a high-transmission plate 41 is used as the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 of the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30b of the ninth embodiment described above, and the second photoelectric conversion cell which is low in cost on the lower surface side of the high-transmission plate 41. By installing 48, the scattered light L2 transmitted through the highly transmissive plate 41 of the module 30d can be converted into electricity. That is, unlike the case of the above-described sixth embodiment, in the tenth embodiment, the scattered tracking light L2 is not incident on the other application surface, but the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device is used as a solar power generation system. It can be used to further improve the total power generation.

[Example 11]
Next, the module 30e according to the eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The eleventh example is an example for solving the technical problem of “the positional deviation of the focus of the concentrated sunlight on the first photoelectric conversion cell 42”.

As a method of mounting the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 on a metal film circuit, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the cell 42 includes a light receiving guide 51, a conductive cell mounting member (die attach member) 52, and insulation. A plurality of cell packages 50 in which a body 53 and members such as a conductive bridge 54 are integrated in advance (in a separate process) are prepared, and positive and negative electrode planes are connected to the lower surface of the package (in this embodiment, the lower surface of the bridge 54). Leave the structure as it is. The light receiving guide 51 and the conductive bridge 54 are also insulated by an insulator. Adhesion is completed by mounting the cell package 50 on the metal film 43 in which the solder 55 has been applied in advance to the connection locations and heating in a reflow furnace or the like. Employing the above-described mounting method is suitable for mass production because a large number of cell packages 50 can be mounted at high speed by a robot or the like.

The light receiving guide 51 in the cell package 50 further includes a reflecting surface 51 a that reflects the sunlight collected by the spherical layer structure collecting lens block 20 and guides it to the light receiving surface of the first photoelectric conversion cell 42. The illustrated reflecting surface 51 a is an inclined surface that is inclined while narrowing toward the first photoelectric conversion cell 42. The shape of the inclined surface is preferably a quadrangular pyramid when the shape of the cell 42 is a quadrangle, and a conical shape when it is a circle. Further, a rotating composite parabolic shape or the like may be used. Further, it is desirable that the reflective surface 51a has a specular reflectivity of 80% or more by treatment such as vapor deposition of aluminum or silver or plating with high reflectivity. Thereby, even when the focus of the sunlight collected by the spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20 is slightly deviated from the power generation effective surface of the cell 42, a certain proportion of light is reflected by the reflecting action on the reflecting surface 51 of the light receiving guide 51. It is possible to capture and enter the cell 42.

[Example 12]
Next, Example 12 will be described with reference to FIG. The twelfth embodiment is an example for solving the problem of “promotion / improvement of heat dissipation performance” as well as the problem of “shift in the focal point of sunlight” described above.

  The cell package 50 according to the twelfth embodiment employs the same configuration as that of the eleventh embodiment. However, in order to reduce the cell temperature, the heat radiation fins 56 with a part of the light receiving guide 51 (preferably made of aluminum) projecting are provided. It is provided. In order to improve the heat dissipation performance while maintaining the transmittance, the projection surface of the heat dissipation fin 56 when the cell package 50 is viewed from directly above is disposed so as to substantially overlap the metal film 43. desirable.

[Example 13]
Next, Example 13 will be described with reference to FIG. The purpose is to further reduce the cell temperature in the same manner as in Example 12 described above. However, in the module 30f of Example 13, a high transmission plate 41 is used as the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, the thickness is reduced, and the thermal resistance is reduced. The honeycomb structure material 57 is affixed to the lower surface of the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 in order to reduce the resistance and maintain the rigidity. The honeycomb structure material 57 may be made of a transparent resin in addition to a metal such as aluminum. In the case of metal, since it becomes opaque, it is necessary to suppress the height (thickness) of the honeycomb structure material 56. In addition, the heat radiation area can be increased by installing the honeycomb structure material 57.

[Example 14]
Next, Example 14 will be described with reference to FIG. Example 14 is also created for the purpose of obtaining the same effect (improving heat dissipation performance) as Example 12 and Example 13.

When a glass plate or the like is used, the thickness of the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 needs to be 3 to 5 mm in order to ensure the rigidity of the module 40, and the first photoelectric conversion on the upper side of the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41. When the cell 42 is disposed, the thermal resistance between the first photoelectric conversion cell 42, the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, and the outside air is high, so that the cell 42 is likely to become high temperature.

Therefore, as in Example 14, in order to significantly reduce the thermal resistance between the first photoelectric conversion cell 42, the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41, and the outside air, the metal film 43 is formed below the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41. And the structure which arrange | positions the 1st photoelectric conversion cell 42 were created. That is, in Example 14, a plurality of cell packages 50 in which a member such as the light receiving guide 51 and the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 are integrated in advance are configured, and the cell package 50 is formed by the sealing material 58 into the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41. Are dispersedly sealed on the surface opposite to the light receiving surface. Reference numeral 54 b denotes a conductor that connects the conductive bridge 54 and the metal film 43.

According to the configuration of this Example 14, the thickness of the sealing material can be arbitrarily adjusted without worrying about module rigidity, so the distance LA from the cell position to the outside air as shown in FIG. The distance LB (see FIG. 10B) when the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 is disposed above the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 can be significantly shortened. As a result, the heat radiation amount can be increased, and the cell temperature is reduced.

  Further, it is possible to provide a heat dissipating fin, a heat spreader or the like (not shown) in the vicinity of the cell package 50. As the heat spreader, it is preferable to use a thin film having a high thermal conductivity in the plane direction, such as a graphene sheet. The surface of the sealing material on the outside air side can be treated with antifouling coating or hard coat resistant to scratches.

[Example 15]
Next, Example 15 will be described with reference to FIG. The fifteenth embodiment is a case where the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30 operates along with the operation of the sun and uses the auxiliary condensing component 46.

  FIG. 13A shows the case where the sun is directly above, and FIG. 13B shows the case where the sun is on the upper left side.

When the sun (not shown) is located directly above as shown in FIG. 13A as an interaction between the spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20 and the photoelectric conversion panel 40, it is included in the spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20. The tracking mechanism controls the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 included in the photoelectric conversion panel 40 to be vertically below the center of the spherical layer structure condensing lens 10. At this time, the distance from the center of the spherical layer structure condenser lens 10 to the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 becomes the focal length of the spherical layer structure condenser lens 10 by the tracking mechanism.

When the sun (not shown) is on the upper left side as shown in FIG. 13B, the photoelectric conversion panel 40 moves from the state of FIG. Moving. Since the spherical layer structure condensing lens 10 has a spherical structure, it is possible to condense the incident light of the sun at the focal position without any aberration only by moving. Here, sunlight enters the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 obliquely.

When sunlight enters the first photoelectric conversion cell obliquely, there is a concern that the light is reflected on the surface. The auxiliary condensing component 46 guides the light once incident on the auxiliary condensing component so that the light is reflected inside and finally sunlight enters the first photoelectric conversion cell 42. Therefore, loss due to reflection due to oblique incidence can be reduced. The auxiliary condensing component 46 guides light having a slight angle away from the first photoelectric conversion cell to the first photoelectric conversion cell 42, and causes light incident on the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 to be incident on the first photoelectric conversion cell . By dispersing, there is also a role of preventing a specific portion from becoming high temperature.

[Example 16]
Next, a condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device in which the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30 is loaded on the tracking mechanism 100 will be described with reference to FIGS.

14 to 16 are slope views of the condensing and tracking photoelectric conversion device , and FIG. 14 is a slope view without any omitted parts. FIG. 14 is a perspective view when the spherical layer structure condenser lens block 20 is omitted. FIG. 15 is a perspective view when the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30 including the spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20 and the photoelectric conversion panel 40 is omitted.

The spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20 and the photoelectric conversion panel 40 are relatively moved. As shown in FIG. 14, the direction used in this case is the first direction in the horizontal direction with respect to the surface of the base portion 101a. A second direction is defined as a direction horizontal to the surface of the base portion 101a and perpendicular to the first direction, and a third direction is defined as a direction perpendicular to the base portion 101a.

As shown in FIG. 14, the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device of Example 16 is roughly divided into a condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30, a base portion 101a, parts 102 to 109 for moving the A drive mechanism, an A drive mechanism 110a, B drive mechanism 130 is formed. In this description, the components for moving the A drive mechanism are the first motor 102, the second motor 103, the first transmission belt 104 (shown in FIG. 16), the second transmission belt 105, and the first pulley 106 (in FIG. 16). 106a, 106b, 106c, 106d), a second pulley 107 (107a, 107b, 107c, 107d), a second external shaft 108 (not shown), and a second gear 109 (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 16, the A driving device 110 is a device that drives the A moving portion 129 (129a, 129b, 129c, 129d) in the first direction and the second direction which are horizontal directions. The B drive device 130 is a device that drives the B moving unit 139 (139a, 139b, 139c, 139d) in a third direction that is a vertical direction. The A moving part 129 is fixed to the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 (shown in FIG. 14). The B moving part 139 is fixed to the spherical layer structure condenser lens block 20 (shown in FIG. 14). In the present invention, the A driving device 110a is responsible for driving in the first direction and the second direction, and the B driving device 130 is responsible for driving in the third direction. a layer structure lens 10, since it is sufficient Na relatively position control between the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 of the photoelectric conversion cells on a support base 41, a photoelectric conversion cell support table 41 a first direction, the second direction A device that drives in the third direction may be used, or a device that drives the spherical layer structure condenser lens block 20 in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction may be used.

A drive device 110 drives the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 horizontally, to support the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 is disposed on the photoelectric conversion cell directly below the support base 41 is fixed to the base portion 101a. The B drive device 130 is disposed on the outer periphery of the A drive device 110 and the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 so as not to interfere with the A drive device, and is fixed to the base portion 101a.

The first motor 102, the second motor 103, and the third motor 134 are arranged in one place, and are responsible for movement in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction, respectively. This facilitates maintenance and facilitates the arrangement of the concentrating photoelectric conversion panel 30. However, it is included in the first drive unit 111 (illustrated in FIG. 17, 111a, 111b), the second drive unit 121 (illustrated in FIG. 17, 121a, 121b), and the B drive mechanism 130 included in the A drive mechanism 110. By using a linear motor for the third drive unit 131 (illustrated in FIG. 23, 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d), a configuration in which a mechanism such as a rotary motor or a sliding screw is not used is also possible.

The motors 102, 103, and 134 are connected to an external control device, and their ON / OFF and rotation directions are controlled. The control device may be configured to control the ON / OFF of the motor and the rotation direction by a manual operation by a person, and the photoelectric conversion panel is automatically connected to the solar orbit based on the solar orbit data. May be programmed to control the ON / OFF of the motor and the direction of rotation.

  For the driving in the first direction, rotation is transmitted from the first motor 102 to the first conduction belt 104, and the first sliding screws 111a and 111b, which are the first driving unit 111 in the A driving mechanism 110, are attached to the first driving belts 110. The rotation is transmitted to the pulleys 106a and 106b. The operation of the rotation transmitted to the A drive mechanism will be described later in the section about the A drive mechanism. Since the first pulleys 106a and 106b are pulleys having the same number of teeth, they can rotate by the same amount.

  For driving in the second direction, the second motor 103 transmits a second gear 109 and a second shaft 108 (not shown), and transmits power to the second pulley 107a. The rotation is transmitted from the second pulley 107a to the second pulley 107b and 107d attached to the second drive mechanism sections 121a and 121b through the second transmission belt 105. The operation of the rotation transmitted to the A drive mechanism will be described later in the section about the A drive mechanism. Since the first pulleys 107b and 107d are pulleys having the same number of teeth, they can rotate by the same amount.

  The driving in the third direction is performed by the B driving mechanism 131 from the third motor 134. The operation of the B drive mechanism will be described later in the section on the B drive mechanism.

  Next, the A drive mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 17, on the base part 101a, the 1st sliding screw shafts 111a and 111b as the 1st drive part 111 extended in a 1st direction are arrange | positioned. The first sliding screw shafts 111a and 111b include first movable support portions including first movable support portion joint nuts 113aa (shown in FIG. 18) and 113ab (shown in FIG. 18) that are movable along the screw shaft. 112a is attached. As described above, the first sliding screw shafts 111a and 111b are configured to rotate the first sliding screw shafts 111a and 111b via the first pulleys 106a and 106b, the first transmission belt 104, and a gear portion (not shown). The motor 102 is provided on the base portion 101a (see the tracking mechanisms 100a to 100c in FIGS. 14 to 16). When the slide screw shafts 111a and 111b are rotated by the motor 102a, the first movable support joints 113aa and 113ab on the first movable support 112a move in the first direction. The 1st movable support part 112a moves with the movement of 1st movable support part joint 113ab, 113ab.

  In addition, second sliding screw shafts 121a and 121b serving as a second driving unit 121 extending in the second direction are disposed on the base portion 101a. The second sliding screw shafts 121a and 121b are attached with nuts 126aa (shown in FIG. 19) and 126ab (shown in FIG. 19) of second drive support joints that can move along the screw shaft. As described above, the second sliding screw shafts 121a and 121b are rotated at the one end thereof by rotating the screw shafts 121a and 121b via the second pulleys 107b and 107d, the second transmission belt 105a, and a gear portion (not shown). The motor 103 is provided on the base portion 101a (see FIGS. 14 to 16). When the screw shafts 121a and 121b are rotated by the motor 103, the nuts 126aa and 126ab move in the second direction. The nuts 126aa and 126a are a part of a second movable support part 122a that supports a moving part described later, and the second movable support part 122a moves as the nuts 126aa and 126ab move. Note that the second movable support portion 19 extends in the first direction.

As shown in FIG. 18, the first movable support portion 112a includes first movable support portion joints 113aa and 113ab and a first movable support portion shaft 114a. The first movable support joints 113aa and 113ab include nuts 116aa and 116ab that are driven in the first direction as the slide screw shafts 111a and 111b rotate, and bushes 117aa and 117ab that freely move on the first movable support shaft 114a. Consists of. Since the first movable support shaft 114a extends in the second direction, it moves freely in the second direction. The first movable support portion 112b has the same configuration.

Similarly, the 1st movable part 112b consists of 1st movable part joint 113ba, 113bb, 1st movable part shaft 114b, nut 116ba, 116bb, bush 117ba, 117bb (all are not shown), and is the same structure. is there.

As shown in FIG. 19, the second movable support portion 122a includes second movable support portion joints 123aa and 123ab and a second movable support portion shaft 124a. As shown in FIG. 17, bushes 127aa and 127ab of the A moving parts 129aa and 129ab are attached to the second movable part shaft. The second movable support joints 123aa and 123ab include nuts 126aa and 126ab that are driven in the first direction as the sliding screw shafts 121aa and 121ab rotate. Since the second moving support portion shaft 124a extends in the first direction, the A moving portions 129aa and 129ab in FIG. 17 freely move in the first direction.
The second movable part 122b includes second movable support part joints 123ba and 123bb, a second movable support part shaft 124b, nuts 126ba and 126bb, and bushes 127ba and 127bb (both not shown), and has the same configuration. .

  With such a configuration, the A moving units 129a, 129b, 129c, and 129d move in the first direction and the second direction by driving the first driving unit and the second driving unit.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 20, when the first sliding screw shafts 111a and 111b are rotated by a motor 102 (not shown in FIG. 20), nuts 116aa and 116ab on the first movable support portion 112a, first Nuts 116ba (not shown) and 116bb (not shown) on the movable support portion 112b move in the first direction, and as a result, the first movable support portions 112a and 112b and the first movable support portions 112a and 112b are attached. The A moving parts 129a, 129b, 129c, and 129d thus moved in the first direction.

Further, as shown in FIG. 21, when the second sliding screw shafts 121a and 121b are rotated by the motor 103 (not shown in FIG. 21), nuts 126aa and 126ab on the second movable support portion 122a and the second movable support are provided. Nuts 126ba (not shown) and 126bb (not shown) on the portion 122b are moved in the second direction, and as a result, the second movable support portions 122a and 122b and the second movable support portions 122a and 122b are attached. The A moving parts 129a, 129b, 129c, and 129d move in the second direction. Accordingly, the A moving parts 129a, 129b, 129c, and 129d can be freely moved in the horizontal direction by the first sliding screws 111a and 111b and the second sliding screws 121a and 122b.

  In addition to the slide screw, the first drive unit and the second drive unit are configured using components that perform linear operation based on external input, such as a ball screw, trapezoidal screw, rack and pinion, jack, and linear motor. You can also

  Next, the B drive mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 22, the third drive unit bases 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d, the third motor pulley base 141, and the third guide pulley base 142 are arranged on the base part 101a.

A third drive unit 131a is attached to the third drive unit base 140a. The third drive part 131a is fixed to the third drive pulley 136a, the third drive screw 136a, and a third slide screw nut 133a that moves up and down by the third slide screw nut 133a (hidden by each member). And B moving part 139a attached to the third sliding screw shaft.
A third drive unit 131b is attached to the third drive unit base 140b. The third drive unit 131b is fixed to the third drive pulley 136b and the third drive pulley 136b, and is moved up and down by a third slide screw nut 133b and a third slide screw nut 133b (hidden by each member). And B moving part 139b attached to the third sliding screw shaft.
A third drive unit 131c is attached to the third drive unit base 140c. The third drive portion 131c is fixed to the third drive pulley 136c, the third drive screw 136c, and a third slide screw nut 133c and a third slide screw shaft 132c that moves up and down by the third slide screw nut 133c (hidden by each member). And B moving portion 139c attached to the third sliding screw shaft.
A third drive unit 131d is attached to the third drive unit base 140d. The third drive part 131d is fixed to the third drive pulley 136d and the third drive pulley 136d. The third slide screw nut 133d is moved up and down by the third slide screw nut 133d. And B moving portion 139d attached to the third sliding screw shaft.

A third shaft 137, a third gear 138, and a third motor pulley 144 are attached to the third motor pulley base. A third guide pulley 135 is attached to the third guide pulley base 142.

The third drive pulleys 136a, 136b, 136c, and 136d, the third motor pulley 144a, and the third guide pulley 135a are at the same height as viewed from the base 101a, and the third transmission belt 143a is attached to the third motor pulley 144a. The third drive pulleys 136a, 136b, 136c, and 136d are rotated along with the operation.

  When the third motor 134 rotates, the third motor pulley 144 rotates through the third gear 138 and the third shaft 137. The rotation of the third motor pulley 144 rotates the third drive pulleys 136a, 136b, 136c, and 136d through the third transmission belt 143, and the third sliding screw nuts 133a, 133b, 133c, and 133d, thereby rotating the third drive unit 131a. , 131b, 131c, 131d, and the B moving parts 139a, 139b, 139c, 139d are moved up and down. A spherical layer structure condenser lens 20 (shown in FIG. 14) is attached to the B moving parts 139a, 139d, 139d, and 139d, and the spherical layer structure condenser lens 20 is moved up and down by the rotation of the third motor. Can be converted.

  In addition to the slide screw, the third drive unit can be configured by using a component that performs linear operation based on an external input, such as a ball screw, a trapezoidal screw, a rack and pinion, a jack, and a linear motor.

[Example 16]
Next, the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device in which the further-larger condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30 is loaded on the tracking mechanism 100 will be described with reference to FIGS.

24 to 25 are oblique views of the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device that is enlarged. FIG. 24 is a perspective view with no omitted parts. FIG. 25 is a perspective view when the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30 is omitted. FIG. 26 is an enlarged view of the A drive mechanism 110h in FIG. FIG. 27 shows a state moved from FIG. 26 in the first direction. FIG. 28 shows a state moved from FIG. 27 in the second direction.

The operation mechanism itself is the same as that of the fifteenth embodiment. The A drive mechanism 110 moves the photoelectric conversion panel 40 (under the spherical layer structure condensing lens block 20). The spherical layer structure condenser lens block 20 is moved by the B drive mechanism 130. The relative direction and distance are moved by the first photoelectric conversion cell 42 so that sunlight is focused. The direction to be used is the same as that of the fifteenth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 25, the first direction is horizontal from the base portion 101e, the second direction is horizontal from the base portion 101e and is perpendicular to the first direction, and the base portion 101e. The third direction is the direction perpendicular to the first direction. As the size increases, the A drive mechanism 110 includes, at the lower four corners of the photoelectric conversion panel 40, an A drive mechanism 110e including the A drive unit 129e, an A drive mechanism 110f including the A drive unit 129f, and an A drive unit 129g. The A drive mechanism 110h including the A drive mechanism 110g and the A drive unit 129h is disposed.

The A drive mechanism in Embodiment 16 will be described.

For the A driving mechanism 110g, driving from the motor 102e and the motor 103e is used. The A drive mechanism 110g is shown in FIG. In the movement in the first direction, the first sliding screw 111g is rotated via the A drive mechanism 110e and the first drive unit extending shaft 118e. As the first sliding screw 111g rotates, the first movable support joint 113g moves, and accordingly, the A moving part 129g moves on the second movable part shaft 122g in the first direction. FIG. 27 shows the state after moving in the first direction. The movement in the second direction rotates the second sliding screw 121g via the second conduction belt 105e by rotational driving from the motor 103e. As the second slide screw rotates, the second movable support joint 123g moves in the second direction. Accordingly, the first movable support part attached to the A moving part 129g on the first movable support joint 113g. As the shaft 114g moves, the A moving part 129g moves in the second direction. FIG. 28 shows the state after moving in the second direction. The A drive unit 128g is driven by these mechanisms.

For the A drive mechanism 110e, driving from the motor 102e and the motor 103e is used. Similar to the driving in the fifteenth and 110g embodiments, the driving shaft includes a first sliding screw 111e (not shown), a second sliding screw 121e (not shown), a first movable support 112e (not shown), 2 The A drive part 129e is driven through the movable support part 122e (not shown).

For the A driving mechanism 110f, driving from the motor 102f and the motor 103f is used. Similar to the driving in the fifteenth and 110f embodiments, the drive shaft includes a first sliding screw 111f (not shown), a second sliding screw 121f (not shown), a first movable support portion 112f (not shown), 2 The A drive part 129f is driven through the movable support part 122f (not shown).
The same drive as 110e is performed.

For the A drive mechanism 110h, driving from the motor 102f and the motor 103f is used. The drive contents are the same as the A drive mechanism 110g. The drive shaft includes a first slide screw 111g (not shown), a second slide screw 121g (not shown), a first movable support 112g (not shown), and a second movable. The A drive unit 129h is driven through the support unit 122g (not shown).

In this manner, the A moving units 129e, 129f, 129g, and 129h are driven, and the photoelectric conversion panel 40 disposed thereon is driven.

The movement in the third direction moves the B-layer condensing lens block 20 by moving the B moving unit 139 using the photoelectric conversion panel 40B driving mechanism 130 in the same manner as in the sixteenth embodiment.

In addition, if the base unit 101 and the photoelectric conversion cell support base 41 have a transparent structure in such a configuration that the drive unit is only at the end, there is no drive mechanism in the central part, and light- collecting tracking photoelectric conversion with excellent open feeling It is possible to make a device .

Moreover, the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus according to the present embodiment can be provided with a cover (rectangular case) made of a transparent member that covers the entire gantry (the entire tracking mechanism).

[Design theory 1]
<Background>
The spherical lens has no angle dependency. Since there is no angle dependency, the solar light tracking operation can be performed only by position control. Since the position of the sun varies depending on the date and time, if the maximum allowable angle is large, the date and time when the sun can be tracked increases, leading to an increase in the amount of generated power throughout the year. The focal length of the spherical lens is determined by the refractive index. If the refractive index is low, a long focal length can be achieved.

<Purpose>
A low refractive index having a long focal length by showing a relation between a focal length and a maximum allowable angle in a condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device using a spherical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a refractive index and a maximum allowable angle in a spherical lens. The superiority of the spherical layer structure condensing lens by using the material is shown.

<Method and results>
FIG. 29 shows conditions for the maximum incident angle that is mechanically allowed by the condensing photoelectric conversion panel 30. Here, rout is the radius of the spherical lens 10, f is the focal length of the spherical layer structure condenser lens, and Θ is the maximum allowable angle when the upper end surface of the photoelectric conversion panel plate is in contact with the lower end surface of the spherical layer structure lens. According to the spatial condition shown in FIG. 29 , Θ is represented by 90 ° −sin ^ (− 1) (rout / f). Further, the focal point f of the single-layer spherical lens is expressed by f = 2 * n * rout / (4 * (n−1)) where n is the refractive index.

FIG. 30 shows the calculated relationship between the maximum allowable angle Θ and the normalized focal length f / rout. The normalized focal length is normalized by the radius of the spherical lens. The longer the focal length, the greater the maximum allowable angle.

FIG. 31 shows the calculated relationship between the normalized focal length f / rout and the refractive index n. The lower the refractive index n, the larger the maximum allowable angle.

<Conclusion>
The longer the focal length f, the larger the maximum allowable angle Θ. In other words, if it is used as a condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device , it is not sufficient that there is no aberration, and the focal length f needs to be long. In order to increase the focal length f, it is effective to lower the refractive index n, and a low refractive index material that is not used in conventional lens materials is required.

[Design theory 2]
<Background>
In a normal spherical lens, since spherical aberration occurs, the optical efficiency when condensed is reduced. A spherical lens that has a low refractive index at the outer side corresponding to the outermost layer and a high refractive index at the inner side corresponding to the innermost layer, has no interface structure, and cancels out spherical aberration by refracting in an inclined manner is called a LUNEBERG lens. However, it focuses only on the sphere surface. In order to use as a condensing and tracking photoelectric conversion device , it is necessary to eliminate spherical aberration, to have high optical efficiency, and to have a long focal length.

<Purpose>
In order to use as a condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device , it is necessary to eliminate the spherical aberration and to have a long focal length. In order to confirm that the spherical layer structure condensing lens according to an embodiment of the present invention has a high optical efficiency by canceling out spherical aberration and has an excellent characteristic of a long focal length, this optical simulation is performed. Carried out.

<Method and results>
FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the spherical layer structure lens 10 used in the optical simulation of the two-layer spherical layer structure condensing lens and the light receiver 302 corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion cell .
The optical simulation conditions are shown below.
Spherical outermost layer transparent portion refractive index (hereinafter, outermost layer refractive index) (nout): 1.49556@550 nm (PMMA)
Innermost layer refractive index (ncore): 1.4215@550 nm (silicone)
Outermost layer radius (rcore): 5mm
Inner layer radius (rout): 0-5 mm
Receiver radius (receive): 0.5 mm
Condensing magnification (C): 100 times light spectrum: Air mass 1.5D (280-4000 nm)

This model includes a spherical outermost layer transparent portion made of PMMA and a spherical innermost layer transparent portion made of silicon. Three-dimensional ray tracing was performed using commercially available software (Light Research Tools 8.5.0 from Optical Research Associates) in which the wavelength dependence of Fresnel reflection loss and refractive index was considered for the entire solar spectral range. The outermost layer radius rout was fixed at 5 mm, and the innermost layer radius rcore was varied between 0 and 5 mm. In this model, a light receiver 302 and a focal plane 303 are arranged facing the light source 301. Regarding the focal distance f, that is, the distance between the light receiver, the spherical layer structure lens 10 and the light receiver 302, the position of the light receiver 302 showing the highest optical efficiency is searched by moving the light receiver 302, and the focal distance is obtained. . Further, a focal plane 303 is disposed at the same distance as the light receiver 302 in order to confirm the behavior of the light beam. As shown in the design theory 1, high optical efficiency ηopt and a long focal length f are desirable for the concept of the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the optical efficiency ηopt and the focal length f were analyzed.

FIG. 33 shows the highest optical efficiency value ηopt and focal length f for each innermost layer radius rcore. rcore = 0 and 5 mm indicate that the lens is a single structure spherical lens consisting of PMMA and silicone, respectively. The result is that the best design point to achieve the highest optical efficiency (76%) and longer focal length (f / rout = 6.9 / 5/5 = 1.4) at rcore = 3.41 mm. Indicates. According to FIG. 30 , Θ = 44 ° can be achieved by this design configuration. In contrast, when rcore = 0 mm, that is, when the whole ball is PMMA, the optical efficiency is 73%, and when rcore = 3.41 mm, rcore = 5 mm, ie, when the whole ball is made of silicone, the optical efficiency is 67%. rcore = 88% for 3.41 mm. This indicates that unless about 90% of electromagnetic waves are allowed to pass through, the loss due to the substance increases, so that the optical efficiency is lowered and the effect of the invention is reduced. These results show the advantages of the spherical layer structure condenser lens of the present invention compared to the single structure spherical lens.

FIG. 34 shows the behavior of the light beam in three designs with rcore = 0, 3.41 and 5 mm. In the case of the spherical lens having a single structure shown in FIGS. 34 (a) and (c), many light rays exhibiting spherical aberration leak outside the receiver. In contrast, in the best design case of FIG. 34 (b), the spherical aberration is significantly reduced. This trend is clearly shown by Figure 35. FIG. 35 shows the spread of light rays in the focal plane 303. The focus is sharpest in the best design case of FIG. 35 (b).

<Result>
In a two-layer spherical layer structure condensing lens using a low refractive index material for the spherical innermost layer transparent part, the Fresnel reflection loss at the lower surface of the two layers increases, but the optical efficiency at the focal position is good, and the focal length It is shown that the maximum allowable angle is widened. A long focal length and a wide maximum allowable angle are excellent characteristics for forming a condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device .

[Design theory 3]
<Background>
As shown in the design theory 2, in a two-layer spherical layer structure condensing lens, spherical aberration at a point of the innermost layer radius rcore of 3.41 mm with respect to the outermost layer radius rout of 541 mm under the condition that the condensing magnification C is 100 times. It was shown that there exists a singularity that offsets.

<Purpose>
The purpose of the spherical layer structure condensing lens according to one embodiment of the present invention is to collect light, and it is an important factor how the condensing magnification C can be set. In design theory 3, it is ascertained at what condensing magnification C the singular point that cancels the spherical aberration occurs.

<Method and results>
The optical simulation conditions are almost the same as in design theory 2, and the receiver radius is scanned.
The optical simulation conditions are shown below.
Outermost layer refractive index (nout): 1.49556@550 nm (PMMA)
Innermost layer refractive index (ncore): 1.4215@550 nm (silicone)
Outermost layer radius (rcore): 5mm
Inner layer radius (rout): 0-5 mm
Receiver radius: (receive) 0.1-4 mm
Condensing magnification (C): 1.6-10000 times light spectrum: Air mass 1.5D (280-4000 nm)

This model includes a spherical outermost layer transparent portion made of PMMA and a spherical innermost layer transparent portion made of silicon. Three-dimensional ray tracing was performed using commercially available software (Light Research Tools 8.5.0 from Optical Research Associates) in which the wavelength dependence of Fresnel reflection loss and refractive index was considered for the entire solar spectral range. The outermost layer radius rout was fixed at 5 mm, and the innermost layer radius rcore was varied between 0 and 5 mm. In this model, for the best focal length f, that is, the radial position of the light receiver, the light receiver position was moved, and the light receiver position showing the highest optical efficiency was searched. In addition to Experiment 2, the light receiver radius rreceive was scanned to search for the focal length f and innermost layer radius rcore forming the highest optical efficiency ηopt at each light receiver radius rreceive. The condensing magnification C was calculated by the equation (outermost layer radius rout / innermost layer radius rreceive) ^ 2. The result of the innermost layer radius rcore is indicated by a normalized innermost layer radius (rcore / rout) normalized by the outermost layer radius rout.

FIG. 36 shows the highest optical efficiency value ηopt and the normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout at each condensing magnification C. When the condensing magnification C is 25 times or less, the point where the normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout is 100% has the highest performance. That is, the single-layer structure has the highest optical efficiency . When the condensing magnification C exceeds 25 times, a two-layer spherical layer structure lens having a normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout of about 70% exhibits the highest optical efficiency ηopt. Further, when the light condensing magnification C is 277.8 times or more, the optical efficiency ηopt becomes less than 70%. It can be said from this that the condensing lens of the spherical layer structure is suitable when the condensing magnification is several hundred times or less, and when the condensing magnification becomes high, the cancellation of aberration cannot catch up and the optical efficiency ηopt decreases. is there.

FIG. 37 shows the highest optical efficiency ηopt and normalized focal length f / rout at each condensing magnification c. The normalized focal length f / rout is a value obtained by dividing the focal length f by the outermost layer radius rout. A normalized focal length f / rout of 1 means that the point with the highest optical efficiency comes to the sphere surface. According to the graph of FIG. 37 , when the condensing magnification C is 25 times or less, as shown in FIG. 36 , the single-layer structure spherical lens exhibits a high optical efficiency ηopt. Close to. If it exceeds 25 times, as shown in FIG. 36 , the two-layer eigenlayer structure lens is advantageous in terms of optical efficiency, the normalized focal length exceeds 1.2, and the condensing magnification C increases. Therefore, the normalized focal length f / rout also increases. The normalized focal length extends to 1.578 when the light condensing magnification C at which the optical efficiency ηopt is less than 70% is 277.8 times.

<Result>
In a two-layer spherical layer structure condensing lens, the condensing magnification is several tens to several hundreds of times, which shows higher performance than a single layer spherical lens. The light collection magnification of the light collecting and tracking photoelectric conversion device is also within this light collection magnification range, which indicates that the light collection system is suitable for the light collection and tracking photoelectric conversion device .

[Design theory 4]
<Background>
As shown in the design theory 2, in a two-layer spherical layer structure condensing lens, spherical aberration at a point of the innermost layer radius rcore of 3.41 mm with respect to the outermost layer radius rout of 541 mm under the condition that the condensing magnification C is 100 times. It was shown that there exists a singularity that offsets. Further, as shown in the design theory 3, it is shown that the double-layer spherical layer structure lens has a higher optical efficiency ηopt and a longer normalized focal length f / rout than the single-layer spherical lens at several tens to several hundreds. It was.

<Purpose>
In searching for a more suitable material in the present invention, when an imaginary substance having an outermost layer refractive index of 1.5 is used, and when the refracting of the spherical innermost layer transparent part is used an imaginary low refractive index substance, the optical efficiency ηopt and It is ascertained how the normalized focal length f / rout behaves.

<Method and results>
The optical simulation conditions are almost the same as those in Design Theories 2 and 3, and the change when an imaginary refractive index material is used is confirmed.
The optical simulation conditions are shown below.
Outermost layer refractive index (nout): 1.5
Innermost layer refractive index (ncore): 1.1-1.5
Outermost layer radius (rcore): 5mm
Inner layer radius (rout): 0-5 mm
Receiver radius: (receive): 0.5 mm
Condensing magnification (C): 100 times light spectrum: 589.3 nm (sodium D line)

Three-dimensional ray tracing was performed using commercially available software (LightTools 8.5.0 manufactured by Optical Research Associates) in the same manner as Design Theories 2 and 3. Fresnel reflection loss is taken into account because of the use of an imaginary refractive index material, but the absorption of the material itself and the change in refractive index for each wavelength are not considered. The outermost layer radius rout was fixed at 5 mm, and the innermost layer radius rcore was varied between 0 and 5 mm. In this model, for the best focal length f, that is, the radial position of the light receiver, the light receiver position was moved, and the light receiver position showing the highest optical efficiency was searched. In addition to Experiment 2, the innermost layer refractive index was scanned, and the focal length f and the spherical innermost layer transparent portion rcore forming the highest optical efficiency ηopt were searched for each innermost layer refractive index ncore. The condensing magnification C was fixed at 100 times. The result of the innermost layer radius rcore is indicated by a normalized innermost layer radius (rcore / rout) normalized by the outermost layer radius rout.

FIG. 38 shows the highest optical efficiency value ηopt and the normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout at each innermost layer refractive index ncore. For portions where the refractive index difference ndiff, which is the difference between the innermost layer refractive index ncore and the outermost layer refractive index nout, is 0.02 or less, the optical efficiency ηopt is slightly low at 0.74 and 0.763. When the refractive index difference ndiff is 1.48, which is 0.02, the optical efficiency ηopt is as high as 0.806. The highest optical efficiency ηopt 0.809 is shown when the refractive index difference ndiff is 1.46 to 1.43, which is 0.04 to 0.07. When the refractive index difference ndiff exceeds 1.43 exceeding 0.07, the optical efficiency ηopt decreases at the innermost layer refractive index ncore on the lower refractive index side. However, the optical efficiency ηopt at the innermost layer refractive index ncore of 1.12 is 71.3%, and a high optical efficiency ηopt is obtained at a wide innermost layer refractive index. When the refractive index difference ndiff is large, Fresnel reflection loss increases, and it is considered that the optical efficiency ηopt is reduced.

  The innermost layer refractive index ncore and the normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout are in a proportional relationship. The normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout is in the range of 60% to 90%.

In FIG. 39 , the highest optical efficiency value ηopt at each innermost layer refractive index ncore, the normalized focal length f / rout, and the monospherical lens focal length with respect to the normalized monospherical lens focal length fsingle / rout normalized by the sphere radius. Show the relationship.

  This indicates that the normalized focal length f / rout extends when the refractive index of the spherical innermost layer transparent portion is low. In addition, as a tendency, the focal length of the single spherical lens focal length and the focal length of the two-layer spherical layer structure condensing lens are relatively similar. Also from this, it can be said that the two-layer spherical layer structure lens improves the optical efficiency ηopt by canceling the spherical aberration based on the focal length of the single-layer spherical lens.

<Result>
In the two-layered spherical layer structure condensing lens, a higher optical efficiency ηopt is obtained when the refractive index difference ndiff is relatively low. Further, the tendency is similar to the focal length of the spherical lens, and the lower the innermost layer refractive index ncore, the longer the focal length.

[Design theory 5]
<Background>
As shown in the design theory 2, in a two-layer spherical layer structure condensing lens, spherical aberration at a point of the innermost layer radius rcore of 3.41 mm with respect to the outermost layer radius rout of 541 mm under the condition that the condensing magnification C is 100 times. It was shown that there exists a singularity that offsets. Furthermore, it is aimed at whether performance improves by making it multilayer.

<Purpose>
In the present invention, a structure having three or more layers is searched. Check how the outermost layer radius and the middle layer radius behave.

<Method and results>
The optical simulation conditions are almost the same as in Design Theories 2 and 3, and each radius and focal length when using a three-layer structure of polystyrene for the spherical outermost transparent part, PMMA for the intermediate transparent part, and silicone for the spherical inner transparent part. Check for changes in optical efficiency.
The optical simulation conditions are shown below.
Outermost layer refractive index (nout): 1.5959@550 nm (polystyrene)
Spherical intermediate layer transparent part refractive index (hereinafter referred to as intermediate layer refractive index) (nmid): 1.49556@550 nm (PMMA)
Innermost layer refractive index (ncore): 1.4215@550 nm (silicone)
Outermost layer radius (rcore): 5mm
Intermediate layer radius (rmid): 0-5mm
Innermost layer radius (rout): 0-rmidmm
Receiver radius (receive): 0.5 mm
Condensing magnification (C): 100 times light spectrum: Air mass 1.5D (280-4000 nm)

This model has a spherical outermost layer transparent portion made of polystyrene, a spherical intermediate layer transparent portion made of PMMA, and a spherical innermost layer transparent portion made of silicon. Three-dimensional ray tracing was performed using commercially available software (Light Research Tools 8.5.0 from Optical Research Associates) in which the wavelength dependence of Fresnel reflection loss and refractive index was considered for the entire solar spectral range. The outermost layer radius rout was fixed at 5 mm, the intermediate layer radius rmid was changed between 0 and 5 mm, and the spherical innermost layer transparent portion rcore was changed in the range from 0 mm to the intermediate layer radius rmid. In this model, for the best focal length f, that is, the light receiver radial position, the light receiver position showing the highest optical efficiency was searched by moving the light receiver position. Further, the results are shown by normalizing the intermediate layer radius rmid and the innermost layer radius rcore.

FIG. 40 shows the highest optical efficiency ηopt and normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout at each normalized intermediate layer radius rmid / rout. Although this result is divided into four parts, it is generally desirable that the result be close to that of a two-layer spherical layer structure lens.

(I) First, when the normalized intermediate layer radius rmid / rout is in the range of 1 to 0.7, the normalized spherical innermost layer intermediate portion radius rcore / rout is constant between approximately 0.682 and 0.698. is there. This is because the boundary part between the spherical intermediate layer transparent part and the spherical innermost layer transparent part cancels out spherical aberration in the range of the normalized intermediate layer radius of 1 to 0.7, and the spherical outermost layer transparent part and spherical This means that the optical efficiency ηopt is hardly affected at the boundary portion of the intermediate transparent portion.

(Ii) Next, when the normalized intermediate layer radius rmid / rout is in the range of 0.68 to 0.58, the normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout is between 0 and 0.02. This result shows that when the normalized intermediate layer radius is in the range of 0.68 to 0.58, the boundary portion between the spherical outermost layer transparent portion and the spherical intermediate layer transparent portion plays a role of canceling out spherical aberration. This means that the optical efficiency ηopt is not substantially affected at the boundary between the layer transparent portion and the spherical innermost layer transparent portion.

(Iii) Next, when the normalized spherical intermediate layer radius rmid / rout is in the range of 0.56 to 0.26, the normalized spherical innermost layer intermediate radius rcore / rout is the normalized spherical intermediate layer refractive index. Takes the same value as nmid / rout. This result shows that the normalized intermediate layer radius is smaller than the radius that cancels out spherical aberration, so it does not work to cancel out spherical aberration. Moreover, it is showing that there is virtually no spherical intermediate layer transparent part.

(Iv) Finally, when the normalized spherical intermediate layer radius rmid / rout is in the range of 0 to 0.24, the normalized spherical innermost layer intermediate radius rcore / rout is between 0 and 0.02. This result shows that the normalized intermediate layer radius is smaller than the radius for canceling spherical aberration, as in (iii), and therefore has no function of canceling spherical aberration. Moreover, it is showing that the spherical innermost layer transparent portion is virtually absent.

FIG. 41 shows the highest optical efficiency value ηopt and normalized focal length f / rout at each normalized intermediate layer radius rmid / rout. As a result, each normalized intermediate layer radius rmid / rout is in the range of 0.58-1, and the normalized focal length f / rout is a high value of 1.254 or more and the optical efficiency ηopt is 63% or more. This result shows that (i) and (ii) have a structure that cancels out spherical aberration.

FIG. 42 shows the results of normalized innermost layer radius rcore / rout, normalized focal length f / rout, and optical efficiency ηopt when each normalized intermediate layer radius rmid / rout is 0.8. According to this result, the optical efficiency ηopt = 75.5% and the normalized focal length f / rout = 1.45 are obtained at the innermost transparent layer radius rcore / rout = 0.688. In addition, a portion with high optical efficiency spreads in the vicinity of the innermost transparent layer radius rcore / rout = 0.688.

<Conclusion>
It was shown that a three-layer spherical layer structure condensing lens can also have a structure that cancels out spherical aberration. Furthermore, it is expected that the shape will be similar in multilayer. Since the low refractive index material is often a liquid, it may be possible to provide a structure in which a spherical intermediate layer transparent portion that encloses a liquid low refractive index material is provided and a spherical outermost layer transparent portion is provided outside the spherical intermediate layer transparent portion.

The present invention is promising as means for achieving both solar power generation and other use of sunlight such as farmland in a limited land area, and means for achieving a large amount of power generation over an area. While the scattered light is transmitted, the direct light can be condensed and converted into electricity with high efficiency, and the ratio of the power generation amount to the solar radiation transmission amount is higher than that of the conventional PV module. Since the conventional light-condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device can be made thin, it has the characteristic of being able to cut light moderately while having a feeling of opening, such as windows and walls, and can be used industrially and industrially. Very likely.

10 (10a to 10c) Spherical layer structure condensing lens 11 Spherical outermost layer transparent part 12 Spherical innermost layer transparent part 13 Spherical intermediate layer transparent part 14 Cylindrical space 20 (20a to 20d) Spherical layer structure condensing lens block 30 (30a 30j) Condensing photoelectric conversion panel 40 Photoelectric conversion panel 50 Cell package 100 (100a to 100d) Tracking mechanism 110 (110a to 110f) A drive mechanism 111 First sliding screw (first drive unit)
112 (112a, 112b) 1st movable support part 121 2nd sliding screw (2nd drive part)
122 (122a, 122b) 2nd movable support part 129 A moving part 130 (130a, 131b) B drive mechanism 131 3rd slide screw (3rd drive part)
139 B moving part

Claims (28)

Spherical outermost layer transparent part that transmits 90% or more of electromagnetic waves and 90% or more of electromagnetic waves are transmitted,
The refractive index is 0.02 or more lower than the spherical outermost transparent portion,
Refractive index is 1.48 or less,
Having a radius of 60% or more and 90% or less of the spherical outermost layer transparent portion radius,
A spherical layer structure condensing lens comprising a spherical innermost layer transparent portion having a refractive index and a radius to cancel spherical aberration.
It has one or more spherical intermediate layer transparent parts that transmit 90% or more of electromagnetic waves between the spherical outermost layer transparent part and the spherical innermost layer transparent part,
The spherical layer structure condensing lens according to claim 1.
90% or more millimeter waves are transmitted as the spherical outermost layer transparent portion and the spherical outermost layer transparent portion that transmits 90% or more millimeter waves as the spherical outermost transparent portion,
The refractive index is 0.02 or more lower than the spherical outermost millimeter wave transparent part,
Refractive index is 1.48 or less,
Having a radius of 60% or more and 90% or less of the radius of the spherical outermost millimeter wave transparent portion,
It consists of a spherical innermost layer millimeter wave transparent part having a refractive index and a radius that cancels out spherical aberration,
The spherical layer structure condensing lens according to claim 1.
The spherical outermost layer millimeter wave transparent part and the spherical innermost layer millimeter wave transparent part have one or more spherical intermediate layer millimeter wave transparent parts that transmit millimeter waves of 90% or more,
The spherical layer structure condensing lens according to claim 3.
The spherical outermost layer transparent portion has 90% or more visible light, infrared rays, or ultraviolet rays, and the spherical outermost layer visible light transparent portion and the spherical innermost layer transparent portion have 90% or more visible light, infrared rays, or ultraviolet rays. Transparent,
0.02 or more lower refractive index than the spherical outermost visible light transparent part,
Refractive index is 1.48 or less,
The spherical outermost layer has a radius of 60% to 90% of the visible light transparent portion radius,
2. The spherical layer structure condensing lens according to claim 1, comprising a spherical innermost visible light transparent portion having a refractive index and a radius to cancel spherical aberration.
Between the spherical outermost visible light transparent portion and the spherical innermost visible light transparent portion, there is one or more spherical intermediate layer visible light transparent portions that transmit 90% or more of visible light, infrared light, or ultraviolet light. It is characterized by
The spherical layer structure condensing lens according to claim 5.
At least one of silicone resin, water, alcohol, carboxylic acid, nitrile compound, ethers, esters, alkali metal fluoride, alkaline earth metal fluoride, fluorocarbon liquid, fluororesin, and airgel is formed on the spherical innermost layer transparent portion. Including one,
The spherical layer structure condensing lens as described in any one of Claims 1-6.
It has at least one cylindrical space from the spherical innermost layer transparent part toward the spherical intermediate layer transparent part or the spherical outermost layer transparent part,
The spherical layer structure condensing lens as described in any one of Claims 1-7.
It has a pressure absorbing component in the cylindrical space,
The spherical layer structure condensing lens as described in any one of Claims 1-8.
Two or more spherical layer structure condensing lenses are used,
It is characterized by being joined in a plate shape so that the height of the central part of the spherical layer structure condensing lens is the same,
The spherical layer structure lens mass as described in any one of Claims 1-9.
Using 6 or more of the spherical layer structure condensing lenses,
It is arranged in a plate shape and a honeycomb shape,
The spherical layer structure lens block according to claim 10.
Using four or more spherical layer structure condensing lenses,
It is arranged in a plate shape and a lattice shape,
The spherical layer structure lens block according to claim 10.
A base part;
One spherical condenser lens, or two or more spherical condenser lenses joined in a plate shape so that the height of the central part of the spherical lens is the same, and a tracking mechanism, and a tracking mechanism;
With a photoelectric conversion panel,
The photoelectric conversion panel is
One or a plurality of first photoelectric conversion cells;
A photoelectric conversion cell support;
It is provided on a part of the surface of the photoelectric conversion cell support, and consists of a circuit that can be electrically connected to the first photoelectric conversion cell,
Through the tracking mechanism, the photoelectric conversion panel and the spherical lens block are
The condensing and tracking photoelectric conversion device that operates relatively so that the plurality of first photoelectric conversion cells are arranged at the focal positions of the plurality of spherical lenses in the spherical lens block.
The spherical layer structure lens block,
It consists of the spherical layer structure condenser lens block according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
The condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to claim 13.
The tracking mechanism is disposed on the base portion, and an A drive mechanism provided on the base portion;
An A moving part movable in the horizontal direction of the base surface by the A driving mechanism;
A B drive mechanism disposed on the base portion and provided on the base portion;
A B moving unit movable in the vertical direction of the base unit by the B driving mechanism;
The A drive mechanism is
A first movable support portion and a second movable support portion for supporting the A moving portion on the base portion;
A first drive unit that moves the first movable support unit in a first direction; and a second drive unit that moves the second movable support unit in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction. ,
At least one or more photoelectric conversion panels are disposed on the A moving part,
In the B moving part, the spherical layer structure condenser lens or the spherical layer structure condenser lens block is arranged,
The condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to claim 13 or 14.
The first drive unit includes a first movement axis extending in the first direction, and a drive device for moving the first movable support part along the first movement axis.
The second driving unit includes a second moving shaft extending in the first direction, and a driving device for moving the second movable support unit along the second moving shaft.
The condensing-tracking photoelectric conversion device according to claim 15.
The first drive unit includes a rotation member and a linear movement member, and converts a rotation operation of the rotation member into a linear operation in the first direction of the linear movement member, and a motor that applies a rotation input to the rotation member. Including
The first movable support portion is attached to the linear movement member so as to move together with the linear movement member in the first drive unit,
The second drive unit includes a rotation member and a linear movement member, and converts a rotation operation of the rotation member into a linear operation in the second direction of the linear movement member, and a motor that applies a rotation input to the rotation member. Including
The second movable support part is attached to the linear movement member so as to move together with the linear movement member in the second drive part,
The condensing photoelectric conversion apparatus according to claim 15 or 16.
The first driving unit is a screw shaft that extends in the first direction as the conversion mechanism, a sliding screw that includes a nut and a ball, and a screw that rotates the screw shaft so that the nut moves along the screw shaft. And a motor connected to the gear portion,
The first movable support portion is attached to the nut so as to move together with the nut in the first drive portion,
The second drive unit is a screw shaft that extends in the second direction as the conversion mechanism, a sliding screw that includes a nut and a ball, and a screw shaft that rotates the screw shaft so that the nut moves along the screw shaft. And a motor connected to the gear portion,
The second movable support part is attached to the nut so as to move together with the nut in the second drive part,
The condensing photoelectric conversion apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 17.

The first drive unit is a rack and pinion composed of a rack gear and a pinion gear extending in the first direction as the conversion mechanism, and a motor for rotating the pinion gear so as to move the rack gear in the first direction. Including
The first movable support portion is attached to the rack gear so as to move together with the rack gear in the first drive portion,
The second drive unit is a rack and pinion composed of a rack gear and a pinion gear extending in the second direction as the conversion mechanism, and a motor for rotating the pinion gear so as to move the rack gear in the second direction. Including
The second movable support part is attached to the rack gear so as to move together with the rack gear in the second drive part,
The condensing photoelectric conversion device according to any one of claims 15 to 18.
The first drive unit includes a linear motor A,
The first movable support portion is attached to the linear motor A so as to move together with the linear motor A in the first drive portion,
The second driving unit includes a linear motor B,
The second movable support part is attached to the linear motor B so as to move together with the linear motor B in the second drive part.
The condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 19.
The first drive unit includes a linear motor A,
The first movable support portion includes another linear motor C attached to the linear motor A so as to move together with the linear motor A in the first drive portion,
The second driving unit includes a linear motor B,
The second movable support part includes another linear motor D attached to the linear motor B so as to move together with the linear motor B in the second drive part.
The condensing tracking photoelectric conversion apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 19.

Each of the first photoelectric conversion cells is distributed on the surface of the photoelectric conversion cell support,
The total light receiving area of the first photoelectric conversion cell is 10% or less of the light receiving surface area of the spherical layer structure lens block,
It has the photoelectric conversion panel panel,
The condensing-tracking photoelectric conversion device according to any one of claims 13 to 21.
About at least the base part and the photoelectric conversion cell support stand, comprising a high transmission plate that transmits the scattered light,
The high transmission plate receives sunlight collected by the spherical layer structure lens block, and transmits at least a scattered light component of the sunlight,
The condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device according to any one of claims 13 to 22.
About the photoelectric conversion panel,
The lower part of the first photoelectric conversion cell, or the peripheral part is larger than the first photoelectric conversion cell,
It has the said photoelectric conversion panel provided with the 2nd photoelectric conversion cell which consists of a photoelectric conversion material different from the 1st photoelectric conversion cell,
The condensing-tracking photoelectric conversion device according to any one of claims 13 to 23.
An auxiliary condensing component having a contact area of approximately the same size as the first photoelectric conversion cell is provided immediately above the first photoelectric conversion cell.
The condensing-tracking photoelectric conversion device according to any one of claims 13 to 24.
About the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device,
The concentrating tracking solar power generation device according to any one of claims 13 to 25, wherein solar cells are used as the first photoelectric conversion cell and the second photoelectric conversion cell, respectively.
About the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device,
The LIDAR device according to any one of claims 13 to 25, wherein a sensor is used as the first photoelectric conversion cell.
About the condensing tracking photoelectric conversion device,
The optical wireless power feeding and receiving device according to any one of claims 13 to 25, wherein a photoelectric conversion light receiver is used as the first photoelectric conversion cell.