JP2019190092A - Overhead door - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a force for raising an overhead door with usage of a weight but without requiring a torsion spring and an overhead door in which a locus of movement of a weight can be shortened.SOLUTION: An overhead door 10 attached to each opening of a track berth includes: a door panel 1; a wire drum 5 for winding the door panel 1 via a wire 3; a weight drum 20 attached to a rotating shaft 12 to which the wire drum 5 is attached and having different outer diameters in the axial direction; a pulley 22 on which a wire 26 wound on the weight drum 20 is wound; and a weight W suspended from the pulley 22. The weight drum 20 can apply a force necessary for raising the door panel depending on the raised position of the door panel 1, and the moving pulley 22 can shorten the locus of movement of the weight 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an overhead door that can facilitate the opening of a door panel without using a torsion spring. More specifically, the present invention relates to an overhead door that has a simple structure and excellent durability without using a torsion spring. The present invention relates to an overhead door suitable for a large warehouse.

  In order to open and close an opening of a building such as a garage, an overhead door (also referred to as an overdoor) that rotates upward when it is opened or is parallel to the ceiling is known. As shown in FIG. 6, a typical overhead door moves the door panel 1 along a guide rail 2 extending in an inverted L shape from the floor while being bent from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction. When the wire 3 fixed to the door panel 1 is wound up by the wire drum 5 attached to the rotating shaft 12, the door panel 1 rises. A torsion spring (torsion spring) 13 is attached to the rotary shaft 12 so that the door panel 1 is lifted with a relatively light force when the door panel 1 is raised.

  The overhead door can lift the door panel with a relatively small force by using the rotational repulsive force of the torsion spring, but the torsion spring always has a load and thus has a mechanical life. In order to cope with this problem, the patent document 1 by the applicant discloses an overhead door that applies an upward force to the door panel by the weight of the weight for opening and the weight chain hanging below, instead of the torsion spring. is doing. Further, since the overhead door is bent and moved horizontally at the upper part of the opening as described above, the hoisting torque gradually decreases as the door panel rises. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, the effective length of the weight chain is changed so that the upward force applied to the door panel is different between when the door panel is close to the closed state and when the door panel is close to the open state.

  In Patent Document 2, in order to gradually reduce the winding torque of the door panel, the tension of the coil spring attached to the shaft using a pulley having a V-shaped groove in which the rotation radius of the wire drum is different in the axial direction of the shaft. Disclosing giving balance.

  Patent Document 3 discloses an open / close device capable of smoothly moving up and down a panel body. The chain is wound around a movable pulley, a drive sprocket, and the like with a weight suspended until the chain houses the panel body. It is disclosed that the weight 38 does not come into contact with the ground even when it is wound up. Alternatively, it is disclosed that a counter balance is given by using a conical wire drum or a pulley having a V-shaped groove so that the rotation radius of the wire drum gradually decreases in the axial direction of the shaft.

JP 2001-140556 A U.S. Pat. No. 2,314,015 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-310472

  Overhead doors are also used in distribution centers for delivering goods to retail stores such as convenience stores. The distribution center has a large refrigerated warehouse inside, and a plurality of openings for loading and unloading refrigerated goods are provided in parallel on the wall of the warehouse at the truck berth where the trucks come. Overhead doors are provided to open and close these openings and shut off the cool air in the warehouse from the outside (see FIG. 5). In particular, in a refrigerated warehouse, a relatively fast opening and closing speed is required, so that a retractable shutter is not suitable, and an overhead door that bends and moves horizontally at the upper part of the opening is exclusively used. In such warehouses, overhead doors are often opened and closed several hundred times / day, and deterioration and cutting of torsion springs become a serious problem. Once the torsion spring is cut or broken, a part or the whole of the refrigerated warehouse cannot be used to replace the torsion spring, which adversely affects the function of the distribution center and the temperature control of the refrigerated warehouse. On the other hand, securing the torsion spring components is costly and takes time to replace. Therefore, in a large facility having a plurality of overhead doors, there is a strong demand to convert a conventional overhead door using a torsion spring into an overhead door that is highly durable and does not require replacement or maintenance of the torsion spring.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a novel overhead door that can provide a force for lifting the door panel of the overhead door without using a torsion spring and can provide a lifting force according to the raised position of the door panel. To do. The present invention also provides a novel overhead door having a structure that can be changed to an overhead door that does not use a torsion spring by a simple operation while leaving the basic skeleton of the overhead door using an existing torsion spring. Is to provide.

According to the present invention, the overhead door is attached to a warehouse having a plurality of openings for loading and unloading a plurality of trucks coming on the road,
A bendable door panel;
A bracket having a vertical portion and a horizontal portion, and supporting the door panel movably between the vertical portion and the horizontal portion from both sides;
A first wire attached to the door panel for lifting the door panel;
A wire drum for winding up the first wire;
A rotating shaft to which the wire drum is attached, and a driving device that rotationally drives the rotating shaft;
A weight drum attached coaxially to the wire drum to the rotating shaft and having an outer diameter different in the axial direction;
A second wire wound around the weight drum;
A moving pulley on which the second wire is wound;
An overhead door is provided that includes a weight suspended from the movable pulley and acting in a direction to raise the door panel.

  The overhead door of this invention WHEREIN: The said weight drum may be attached to the axial direction outer side of the said wire drum.

  The overhead door of the present invention may include a protective cover that covers the weight along a path of the weight when the weight moves up and down.

  The overhead door of the present invention may be provided with a fall prevention device that is connected to the weight or the movable pulley and prevents the weight from dropping when the second wire is broken.

  In the overhead door of the present invention, one end of the second wire may be attached to the weight drum, and the other end may be fixed to any part of the overhead door or a wall surface of a warehouse.

  In the overhead door of the present invention, the warehouse may have a refrigerated space therein, and the opening may communicate with a low temperature space communicating with the refrigerated space.

  The overhead door of the present invention uses a weight drum that supports a moving pulley with a weight via a wire instead of using a torsion spring on a rotating shaft, so that failure due to metal fatigue of the torsion spring is prevented. The durability of the overhead door can be improved. Further, since the weight drum employs a drum having different outer diameters in the axial direction, the weight can be balanced with the lifting force accompanying the rise of the door panel. The overhead door weight drum of the present invention is coaxially mounted on a rotating shaft that is driven to lift the door panel, so that the basic structure of the overhead door using a conventional torsion spring is maintained and it is easy on the spot. The overhead door of the present invention can be modified.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structure of the overhead door according to embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the overhead door according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the vicinity of the weight drum and weight of an overhead door according to embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows notionally the weight drum and wire which are used for the overhead door according to embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows notionally the arrangement | positioning structure of the warehouse where the overhead door according to embodiment of this invention is used. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structure of the conventional overhead door.

  The overhead door of the present invention will be described by taking as an example an overhead door suitably used in a refrigerated warehouse of a distribution center that delivers refrigerated food by truck to a retail store such as a convenience store. FIG. 5 shows the structure and arrangement space of such a distribution center warehouse, and an opening 32 provided with a plurality of overhead doors 10 is provided on the outer wall of the warehouse facing the truck berth 28. A warehouse inner space communicating with the outside through the opening 32 is called a platform, and is a work place where refrigerated goods stored in a refrigerator located at the back of the platform are transported to the opening 32 by a forklift or the like. The platform is maintained at a relatively low temperature, such as 10-15 ° C. Since the overhead door 10 used in such a warehouse blocks the communication between the external space and the platform, if there is a failure, it is important not only for the work on the platform but also for the temperature management of the platform and the refrigerator behind it. Will have adverse effects. It is not desirable to have such adverse effects as much as possible in maintenance of overhead doors.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the overhead door 10 of the present embodiment is provided on the inner wall of the warehouse so as to cover the opening 32 of the warehouse. The overhead door 10 includes a door panel 1 in which a plurality of panel bodies 1A are flexibly connected by a hinge 7, a roller 4 rotatably attached to the hinge 7 on the side of the door panel 1, and an inverted L-shape from the floor. It mainly includes a guide rail 2 that extends so that the roller 4 slides, and a rotary shaft 12 that is supported by a plurality of bearings 15 provided above the door panel 1. The vertical part 2V and the bearing 15 of the guide rail 2 are each attached to the inner wall of the warehouse. A pair of wire drums 5 are coaxially attached to the rotary shaft 12 at positions above both ends of the door panel 1. The ends of the wires 3 wound around the pair of wire drums 5 are respectively fixed to both ends of the lowermost panel body 1A. A weight drum 20 is attached to the rotary shaft 12 coaxially with the wire drum 5 on the outer side in the axial direction of one wire drum 5. The inverted L-shaped guide rail 3 has a vertical portion 2V, a horizontal portion 2H, and a bent portion therebetween, but the vertical portion 2V is not necessarily perpendicular to the floor surface or is horizontal. The part 2H does not necessarily have to be parallel or horizontal to the floor surface, and they may be inclined at an inclination angle of, for example, several degrees to tens of degrees.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the weight drum 20 is a conical winding drum whose outer diameter gradually decreases toward the outside in the axial direction (opposite to the wire drum 5), and one end of the wire 26 has an outer diameter. It is fixed to the smaller side of the wire and is gradually wound around the outer diameter. As shown in FIG. 2, the other end 26 a of the wire 26 is attached to the inner wall by hanging the moving pulley 22 by a half turn from below so as to suspend the moving pulley 22 below the weight drum 20. 33 is fixed. A weight W composed of a plurality of divided weights is suspended from the movable pulley 22 via an eye nut 34. A sliding plate 36 having a diameter slightly larger than that of the divided weight is sandwiched between the divided weights to prevent the weight W from shaking and colliding with the surroundings. The winding direction of the wire 26 wound around the weight drum 20 is opposite to the winding direction of the wire 3 wound around the wire drum 5. Accordingly, the weight of the weight W suspended from the rotating shaft 12 via the wire 26, the movable pulley 22 and the weight drum 20 acts in the direction in which the door panel 1 is pulled up.

  As shown in FIG. 3, one end of a chain 28 is connected to the upper portion of the weight W via an eye nut 34, and the other end of the chain 28 is fixed to a chain fixing portion 35 on the inner wall. The chain 28 prevents the weight W from falling even if the wire 26 is broken. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a protective cover 30 is provided between the vertical portion 2 </ b> V of the guide rail 2 and the weight W so as to extend in the vertical direction over the moving path of the weight W. The protective cover 30 can surround the four sides of the weight W during the vertical movement of the weight W, and can suppress displacement and shaking of the weight W in the left-right direction. For convenience of explanation, the protective cover 30 is shown with the upper part of the outer side (outer frame) omitted in FIG. 1, and the outer side of the protective cover 30 is omitted in FIGS. 2 and 3. A handle (not shown) for pulling up the door panel 1 and a rope (not shown) for pulling down the door panel are attached to the door panel 1 of the overhead door 10, and the door panel 1 is manually opened and closed.

  The operation of the overhead door 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. When the operator manually lifts the door panel 1, the rotating shaft 12 rotates in the forward direction (for example, clockwise as viewed from the left side in FIG. 1). As described above, the weight of the weight W acts in the direction in which the door panel 1 is pulled up, so that the force to lift the door panel 1 is reduced. Since the wire 26 wound around the weight drum 20 is wound in the opposite direction to the wire 3 of the wire drum 5, the wire 26 is pulled out by the rotation of the rotary shaft 12, and the weight W suspended on the movable pulley 22. Is lowered. That is, the weight of the weight W is balanced with the weight of the door panel 1 through the wire drum 5, the wire 3, the rotating shaft 12, the wire 26, the weight drum 20, and the like.

  When the door panel 1 is pulled up and the uppermost panel 1A reaches the bent portion of the guide rail 2, the uppermost panel 1A and the subsequent panel 1A move horizontally along the horizontal portion 2H. The force required to pull up the door panel 1 is gradually reduced. When all the door panels 1 enter the horizontal portion 2H, the door panels 1 are horizontally oriented and stored in the storage position. Thereby, the opening part 32 is completely opened.

  In such an operation, the position where the wire 26 is separated from the weight drum 20 as the wire 26 is pulled out by the rotation of the rotary shaft 12 is outside in the axial direction of the weight drum 20, that is, as shown by the arrow in FIG. It moves in the direction of decreasing the diameter of. As a result, the torque for rotating the shaft in the positive direction via the wire 26 gradually decreases due to the weight of the weight 22. For this reason, as the door panel 1 is raised, the force required to raise it is gradually reduced, and the rotational torque due to the weight of the weight W is also reduced, so that both are always balanced regardless of the raised position of the door panel 1. Will be.

The overhead door 10 of this embodiment has the following technical effects.
(1) The force required to raise the door panel 1 is reduced by the weight of the weight W suspended by the weight drum 20 via the wire 26 and the movable pulley 22. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a torsion spring that causes deterioration or breakage. For this reason, the work required for maintenance, inspection and replacement of the torsion spring is not required, and the product unloading work at the distribution center provided with the plurality of overhead doors 10 can be continued.

  (2) The weight drum 20 used in the overhead door 10 has a circumferential surface (conical surface) inclined in the axial direction so that the wire winding diameter becomes smaller as the wire is pulled out. As a result, the torque applied to the rotary shaft 12 by the weight W can be gradually reduced and can be balanced with the lifting force of the overhead door 10 that is reduced as the overhead door 10 is raised. Accordingly, the lifting operation of the overhead door 10 is facilitated.

(3) Since the wire 26 for suspending the weight W is connected via the movable pulley 22, the stroke of the weight W is halved compared to the case where there is no movable pulley 22, and the degree of freedom in designing the movement path of the weight W is increased. Get higher. Further, since the moving speed of the weight W is ½ by using the movable pulley 22 as compared with the case where the weight is directly suspended by the wire, even if the weight of the weight W is doubled, the kinetic energy is reduced. (1/2 · mv ² ) can be reduced to ½ as a whole. Therefore, the impact force to the surroundings accompanying the movement of the weight W can be reduced. The end 26a of the wire 26 is fixed to the inner wall of the building by being wound around the movable pulley 22. Since one end of the wire 26 becomes a fixed end in this way, the left and right swinging of the weight W suspended from the movable pulley 22 is suppressed as compared with the case where there is no movable pulley 22.

  (4) The overhead door 10 is different from the overhead door of the type using an existing torsion spring in that it mainly uses parts such as a weight drum 20 and a movable pulley 22 suspended by a wire 26 and a weight W. However, these parts can be easily attached to an overhead door of the type using an existing torsion spring after the torsion spring is removed. In particular, the weight drum 20 that supports the movable pulley 22 and the weight W with the wire 26 is coaxially attached to the rotary shaft 12 that rotationally drives the wire drum 5, so that a new support structure is unnecessary. Further, the outer side in the axial direction of the weight drum 20 is a part of the area between the adjacent overhead doors (inner wall between the adjacent openings) and does not affect any door panel opening / closing operation. A space for moving the weight W up and down can be secured. Therefore, it is possible to modify the overhead door 10 with high durability at a low cost while leaving the main structure of the existing overhead door without requiring a large-scale construction at the warehouse opening.

  Although the present invention has been specifically described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is needless to say that modifications and improvements easily conceivable by those skilled in the art from the present application are also included in the scope of the present invention. For example, arbitrary shapes and materials of parts such as a door panel and a bracket can be used. Different weight drum outer diameters and shapes can be used as appropriate. In the above embodiment, the weight drum, the movable pulley, and the weight are attached to one side (right side in FIG. 1) of the rotating shaft, but may be attached to the other side (right side in FIG. 1). The movable pulley and the weight may be integrated. Although a chain is used as a fall prevention tool for preventing the weight from falling, any member such as a wire may be used instead of the chain. In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the door panel is manually lifted has been shown. However, the rotary shaft may be rotationally driven using a drive motor or the like to open and close the door panel, or a manual force may be assisted. Good. The warehouse in which the overhead door of the present invention is installed is not limited to the location of the arrangement structure as shown in FIG. 5, but can be applied to any building having an opening where a plurality of trucks can simultaneously touch.

  Although the overhead door of the present invention has a compact structure, it can compensate for the force required to raise the door panel without using a torsion spring, so it is extremely useful for opening and closing a warehouse opening where many trucks come in contact. It is valid. Moreover, since it has a common structure with the overhead door using the existing torsion spring, it can be changed to the overhead door of the present invention by a simple operation, and the maintenance becomes easy. Therefore, the present invention can ensure business execution in a large warehouse equipped with refrigeration equipment and the like, and can reduce the management cost.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Door panel, 1A Door panel body 2 Guide rail 2V Vertical part, 2H Horizontal part 3 Wire 5 Wire drum 10 Overhead door 20 Weight drum 22 Moving pulley 26 Wire 28 Chain 30 Cover 32 Warehouse opening part 33 Wire fixing part 34 Eye nut 35 Chain fixing part W weight

Claims (6)

An overhead door attached to a warehouse having a plurality of openings for loading and unloading a plurality of trucks on the way,
A bendable door panel;
A bracket having a vertical portion and a horizontal portion, and supporting the door panel movably between the vertical portion and the horizontal portion from both sides;
A first wire attached to the door panel for lifting the door panel;
A wire drum for winding up the first wire;
A rotating shaft to which the wire drum is attached, and a driving device that rotationally drives the rotating shaft;
A weight drum attached coaxially to the wire drum to the rotating shaft and having an outer diameter different in the axial direction;
A second wire wound around the weight drum;
A moving pulley on which the second wire is wound;
An overhead door comprising weights suspended from the movable pulley and acting in a direction of raising the door panel.   The overhead door according to claim 1, wherein the weight drum is attached to an outer side in the axial direction of the wire drum.   The overhead door according to claim 1, further comprising a protective cover that covers the weight along a path of the weight when the weight moves up and down.   The overhead door as described in any one of Claims 1-3 provided with the fall prevention tool connected with the said weight or the said moving pulley, and preventing the fall of the said weight at the time of failure | damage of a 2nd wire.   The overhead door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein one end of the second wire is attached to the weight drum, and the other end is fixed to any part of the overhead door or a wall surface of the warehouse. The overhead door as described in any one of Claims 1-5 which has a refrigeration space in the said warehouse, and the said opening part is connected with the low temperature space connected with the said refrigeration space.

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