JP2015014141A - Shutter device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology for developing a shutter device for effectively exhibiting torque caused by a relay balancer as assist torque, when starting hoisting when an operation load becomes maximum, while reducing its load torque when the torque caused by the relay balancer finally becomes the load torque when operating closing from completely opening time.SOLUTION: A shutter device comprises a constant tension balancer unit 50 and a relay balancer 51 for winding an operation cable 52, and an operation shaft 54 comprises a balancer sheave 57 for transmitting rotation with a winding shaft 31 and directly winding the operation cable 52. The balancer sheave 57 is constituted so as to increase a winding action diameter of the operation cable 52 in response to winding and to become a minimum winding state when fully opening a shutter body 2 while putting a winding state of the operation cable 52 in a maximum winding state when fully closing the shutter body 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a shutter device that is suitable to be provided, for example, at a rear opening of a truck bed or an opening of a tent house or the like, and in particular, a novel device capable of performing an opening / closing operation by human power quickly and with little labor. Related to the mechanism.

For example, a load carrier structure that contracts in a bellows shape in the longitudinal direction of the load carrier has been proposed and put into practical use in order to achieve both the freedom of loading work on the load carrier and the like and the protection of the load after loading. For example, see Patent Document 1).
In the case of such a loading platform, the rear end of the loading platform is inevitably applied to a frame member formed in a gate shape, and a shutter sheet for closing is applied as a shutter device. The following problems have been pointed out.
That is, since the shutter sheet itself has almost no rigidity and consequently does not have shape retaining property, the sheet member is provided with a metal pipe or the like in order to impart shape retaining property and a tendency to pay out downward at appropriate intervals. The applied shape-retaining core material is arranged horizontally.
With such a configuration, when the shutter pulley is manually operated, the load when winding the shutter sheet is large, and as a countermeasure, the reduction ratio of the drive member of the take-up pulley is increased. A configuration that reduces the required operating force is adopted.
However, such a design response naturally makes the shutter sheet winding and unwinding speed slow, and it makes the operation feel frustrating.

On the other hand, in response to such a situation, a technique in which a spring balancer or the like is applied to the take-up shaft in order to assist the take-up force at all times (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
In this assist system, taking into consideration the maximum weight of the shutter sheet that always hangs down, specifically the weight when the shutter sheet is fully extended and the opening is closed, this is manually wound up to the released state. In this case, an appropriate assist force can be applied.
However, on the contrary, when the shutter sheet is pulled out from the fully wound state, all the assisting force acts in the direction of hindering manual operation, and the initial operation load is remarkably increased.
For this reason, even when an assist system is incorporated, the load at the start of the closing operation is taken into consideration, and the winding member such as the winch is operated with a reasonable reduction ratio, and there is a certain limit to improving efficiency. there were.
In particular, as described above, when a pipe-like core material is incorporated in the shutter sheet, the rolled-up form of the shutter sheet exhibits a polygonal shape with rounded corners in a side view, and such a simple circular cross section. Due to the shape that is not, in both cases of winding and unwinding, fluctuations in the load required for operation are large, and there is a tendency to increase the reduction ratio because it corresponds to this.

JP-A-7-62932

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such a background. First, in order to reduce the work load at the time of winding the shutter sheet, it is assumed that a relay balancer that generates assist torque is provided, and further relays are performed. Even when the torque generated by the balancer becomes the load torque when the closing operation is performed from the fully opened state, the load torque is reduced, while at the start of the winding operation when the operation load due to the weight of the shutter seat is maximized. Therefore, a technical problem is to develop a shutter device that can effectively use the torque generated by the relay balancer as an assist torque.

  The shutter device according to claim 1 is a sheet-like shutter body, a winding shaft for winding the shutter body, a winding device for rotating the winding shaft, and the shutter body with respect to the winding shaft. A torque assist mechanism for reducing an operation load at the time of winding, and the torque assist mechanism includes a constant tension balancer unit and a relay balancer that winds an operation cable of the constant tension balancer unit. The operating shaft in the balancer is provided with a balancer sheave that directly rotates the operating cable, and the balancer sheave increases the winding action diameter of the operating cable in accordance with the winding. Yes, the winding state of the operating cable is the maximum winding state when the shutter body is fully closed, while the shutter body is fully opened. Oite, so as to minimize the winding state is one made as a feature that it is configured.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the requirements of the first aspect, the balancer sheave in the relay balancer is formed by forming a winding groove between a pair of sheave flanges, and the width dimension of the winding groove. Is characterized in that the dimension is set larger than the diameter dimension of the working cable.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the requirements of the first or second aspect, the constant tension balancer unit in the torque assist mechanism is a cable winding type spring balancer. It is.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the requirements of the first, second, or third aspect, the shutter main body is provided with a shape-retaining core material at an appropriate interval in the horizontal direction with respect to the shutter sheet. It is characterized by being.
The above-described problems can be solved by using the configurations described in the claims.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the balancer torque of the constant tension balancer unit is set to the balancer sheave, and the winding state of the operating cable is set to the minimum winding state when the shutter body is fully opened. The minimum resistance torque can be set so as not to cause a strong resistance to the operation at the start of the next feeding.
On the other hand, when the shutter main body is fully closed, the winding diameter of the operating cable in the balancer sheave is maximized, so that the balancer torque by the constant tension balancer unit is also applied when starting winding to open the shutter main body again. It can act effectively as an assist torque.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the winding groove in the balancer sheave allows the working cable to be wound in a spiral shape with a width of about one, and the change in the winding diameter of the working cable. Is remarkably expressed, and the effect of the torque assist mechanism can be exhibited more effectively.

  Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 3, the constant tension balancer unit in the torque assist mechanism is applied with a cable winding spring balancer that is the most general and technically mature and can exhibit stable performance. Yes, the reliability and stability of the entire system are demonstrated.

  Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 4, the shutter body has a shape-retaining core material, and the change in the diameter of the winding state does not have a circular cross section, but exhibits a polygonal shape with rounded corners. Although the torque fluctuation required for winding is large, the torque assist mechanism of the present invention makes the load more leveled and enables stable operation.

It is a perspective view which shows the Example applied to the hood apparatus with which the shutter apparatus of this invention was provided in the loading platform of the vehicle. It is the front view and left-right side view which show the shutter apparatus by which the shutter main body was made into the fully closed state. It is a side view which expands and shows the winding apparatus periphery. It is an enlarged view which shows a torque assist mechanism periphery. It is a side view which shows the mode of extending | stretching of the shutter main body in a shutter apparatus in steps. FIG. 5 is a skeleton diagram showing a winding state of an operating cable in the balancer sheave when the shutter device is fully opened and a winding state of the tea ceremony cable in the balancer sheave when the shutter device is fully closed. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the operation stroke of a shutter apparatus by the presence or absence of a torque assist mechanism, and operation load.

  The mode for carrying out the present invention includes an embodiment described below as well as various improved embodiments based on this technical idea.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments. What is indicated by a symbol S in the figure is the shutter device of the present invention, and this is applied as a member for closing the end opening of the hood device W provided in the loading platform of the vehicle C as an example.
As an example, the hood device W is configured such that the gate-type frame on the front side of the vehicle C is movable, and the hood is brought closer to the rear as appropriate to facilitate loading of the loading platform of the vehicle C.
The shutter device S includes a portal shutter frame 1, a sheet-like shutter main body 2 supported by the gate, a winding device 3 that winds up the shutter main body 2, and an operation of the winding device 3. A torque assist mechanism 5 for reducing an operation load (particularly during winding) is provided as a main member.

The shutter frame 1 forms a frontal portal type as a whole, and specifically includes an upper beam frame 12 at the upper ends of a pair of left and right post frames 11 in the front view and a lower beam frame at the lower ends. 13 comprising.
The post frame 11 is provided with two columnar members that are spaced apart from each other in a side view, and the beam-like member connecting the post frame 11 has a function of mounting various functional members. Will be explained.
A shutter body 2 is provided so as to close the gate-shaped opening surface of the shutter frame 1, and the shutter body 2 includes a shutter sheet 21 having an appropriate waterproof function as a main member. To do. Since the shutter sheet 21 itself does not have sufficient shape retention, a number of shape retaining cores 22 are combined in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the shutter sheet 21 has a cylindrical shape as an example. A pocket member is provided, and a shape-retaining core material 22 to which a metal pipe or the like is applied is inserted and held therein. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, for example, four shape-retaining core members 22 are provided. As for the shape-retaining core member 22, it is necessary to distinguish each from the relationship explaining the winding load, etc., along with the winding of the shutter body 2, but in that case, sequentially from the feeding tip side (lower side), The shape retaining core material 22a, the shape retaining core material 22b, the shape retaining core material 22c, and the shape retaining core material 22d will be described.

Next, the winding device 3 will be described. This device includes a winding shaft 31 as a main member, and both ends of the winding shaft 31 are arranged above the post frame 11 of the shutter frame 1, that is, the upper portion. It is rotatably supported by a take-up shaft bearing 31a provided for the subframe 14 near the beam frame 12.
The take-up shaft 31 is a shutter drum 31b having a portion where the shutter sheet 21 is substantially wound with a somewhat larger diameter, and the upper end of the shutter sheet 21 is fixed to the shutter drum 31b.
An operation input sprocket 32 is provided at one end of the winding shaft 31, more specifically, at the left end in the front view of FIG. 2A, and an assist input sprocket 33 is provided at the other end (right end). Provided.
A relay drive chain 36 is wound around the operation input sprocket 32 and the deceleration output sprocket 35 provided in the speed reducer 34 provided in the subframe 14, and the rotational force from the speed reducer 34 is applied to the winding shaft 31. It is configured to be transmitted. The speed reducer 34 includes a speed reducer input shaft 37, and this speed reducer input shaft 37 is supported by an input shaft bearing 37 a provided in the subframe 14 so as to protrude rearward of the post frame 11. A take-up chain wheel 38 is provided at the end of the speed reducer input shaft 37. An endless loop chain 39 is wound around the winding chain wheel 38.
A guide roller 4 is provided behind and below the winding position of the shutter body 2 by the winding shaft 31, which substantially guides the shutter body 2 to the closing surface of the shutter frame 1. Yes.

Here, the drive mode of the winding shaft 31 by the winding device 3 will be described. First, as an input operation, both the loop chains 39 are alternately reciprocated manually, and the winding chain wheel 38 is rotated. This rotation rotates the speed reducer input shaft 37, thereby driving the speed reducer 34, and as a result, rotationally drives the speed reduction output sprocket 35. Although details of the internal structure of the speed reducer 34 are omitted, an automatic stop mechanism such as a worm gear having an appropriate lead angle is provided so that the reverse rotation is not caused when the operation of the loop chain 39 is stopped. Shall.
The rotation reduced by an appropriate reduction ratio is output from the deceleration output sprocket 35 and transmitted to the operation input sprocket 32 via the relay drive chain 36, which rotates the winding shaft 31. Specifically, the shutter body 2 is wound up and fed out depending on the operating direction of the loop chain 39.

Next, the torque assist mechanism 5 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2B, the torque assist mechanism 5 includes a constant tension balancer unit 50 and a relay balancer 51 as main members. The constant tension balancer unit 50 can be appropriately applied with an existing device, and the operation cable 52 as an output means becomes an output member of the constant tension balancer unit 50. The specific internal structure of the constant tension balancer unit 50 is already known and is omitted. However, the mainspring spring-shaped spring device responsible for the winding operation and the shaft at the winding center thereof are wound. A cable-winding spring balancer is provided, which includes a cone-type pulley that sequentially changes the diameter and around which the operating cable 52 is wound.
In addition, the operating cable 52 is formed by connecting a base cable 52 a wound around the constant tension balancer unit 50 and an adjustment cable 52 b that reaches the relay balancer 51 directly. Of course, in addition to the type in which the divided cable is connected, the base cable 52a may be extended as it is. When the adjustment cable 52b is configured separately, it is preferable in that the assist force conversion ratio in the relay balancer 51 described below can be adjusted by selecting the cable diameter or the like.

In the relay balancer 51, a bearing plate 53 is first provided for the subframe 14, and an operating shaft 54 is supported by a bearing 53a attached to the bearing plate 53. An assist output sprocket 55 is fixed to the operating shaft 54, and the driving force of the torque assist mechanism 5 is transmitted from this to the assist input sprocket 33 in the winding device 3 via the assist input chain 56. Is done.
In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, you may make it provide a chain tensioner between both the sprockets in the assist input chain 56 as needed.
Further, the actuating shaft 54 is provided with a balancer sheave 57 so as to be juxtaposed with the assist output sprocket 55, and the balancer sheave 57 has a pair of sheave flanges 57a between which a winding groove 57b and To do. The width of the winding groove 57b is set so that the adjustment cable 52b can be received and the adjustment cable 52b is not wound in two or more rows. That is, with respect to the balancer sheave 57, the adjustment cable 52b of the operating cable 52 is in a single winding state.

The shutter device S of the present invention is configured as described above as an example, and the operation mode of this device will be described below.
(1) Initial State First, the initial state is a state in which the shutter body 2 is released as shown in FIG. 5A. In this state, the shutter sheet 21 is sufficient for the winding shaft 31. It is in a state of being wound on. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6A, the side surface of the shutter body 2 in the wound state is not circular due to the presence of the shape-retaining core member 22, and as an example, the three shape-retaining core members 22 do not overlap. In such a manner, a deformed triangular shape with rounded corners is formed. Accordingly, when viewed from the center of the winding shaft 31 around which the shutter sheet 21 is wound, the diameter of the portion where the shape-retaining core member 22 is located is large, and the actual diameter of the shutter sheet 21 varies depending on the location.
In such an initial state, since there is almost no feeding portion of the shutter sheet 21 (portion that is not wound around the winding shaft 31), the weight of the shutter sheet 21 in the feeding direction due to the own weight of the shutter sheet 21 is almost zero. Torque is slight.
On the other hand, when the balancer sheave 57 in the torque assist mechanism 5 is viewed at this time, the operation cable 52 is not wound around the operation shaft 54 and most of the operation cable 52 is drawn into the constant tension balancer unit 50 side. Therefore, in this state, as shown in FIG. 6A, the torque applied to the operating shaft 54, that is, the balancer torque applied to the assist input sprocket 33 is small. The tension T provided by the constant tension balancer unit 50 is constant in any state regardless of the winding state of the operating cable 52 around the constant tension balancer unit 50.
Of course, the stop of the take-up shaft 31 in this state is brought about by a rotation stopping structure by a worm gear mechanism or the like of the speed reducer 34.

(2) Start of closing out (lowering)
From the initial state as described above, the shutter body 2 is extended so as to close the opening surface of the shutter frame 1, and the loop chain 39 in the winding device 3 is moved to an alternating reciprocating state by manual operation. At this time, the torque generated in the balancer sheave 57 by the constant tension balancer unit 50 is a resistance torque. However, since the torque is small, the balancer torque (resistance torque) at this time is almost not extended. It is not a support. Further, since the self-weight torque functions as the assist torque, the shutter body 2 can be extended by a light input operation.
Further, if the operation proceeds as shown in FIG. 5B, the dead weight torque (assist torque) increases due to the dead weight of the extended shutter body 2, and the operation force changes to a lighter operation and reaches the closed state. Is getting lighter.
At this time, the balancer sheave 57 sequentially winds the adjustment cable 52b, and the balancer torque by the constant tension balancer unit 50 tends to increase sequentially.
Further, as the shutter body 2 is advanced, the tendency of the shutter sheet 21 to descend is increased (the self-weight torque is increased). The operation input is not changed.

(3) Closed state Eventually, the shutter body 2 is fully closed as shown in FIG. 5 (c). At this time, as shown in FIG. Is the maximum value.
On the other hand, since the winding diameter of the adjustment cable 52b in the balancer sheave 57 is maximized, the torque applied to the operating shaft 54, that is, the balancer torque applied to the assist input sprocket 33 is in the maximum state.

(4) Start of winding (winding up)
In order to start winding from such a state, the loop chain 39 is operated in a direction opposite to that when it is unwound to move in an alternating reciprocating state, and the winding chain wheel 38 is rotated. At this time, the self-weight torque of the shutter body 2 is maximum and the maximum resistance torque acts on the winding shaft 31.
On the other hand, in the balancer sheave 57, the adjustment cable 52b is wound to the maximum, and the torque provided by the constant tension balancer unit 50, that is, the balancer torque applied to the assist input sprocket 33 is maximum. Since the balancer torque acts as an assist torque, the winding of the shutter body 2 by the winding shaft 31 is started in a state where the operating force of the loop chain 39 is reduced, and the winding operation by human power is performed quickly and with little effort. Can do.

(5) Resistance of the shape-retaining core material When the winding is started in this way, the shape-keeping core material 22d located at the uppermost position immediately reaches the shutter winding drum 31b. At this time, the radius of the shutter main body 2 taken up by the take-up shaft 31 increases instantaneously by the height dimension of the shape-retaining core member 22d. The resistance torque due to the weight of the shutter body 2 is increased instantaneously (see FIG. 6A).
However, even in this case, the balancer torque by the balancer sheave 57 effectively acts on the winding shaft 31 as an assist torque, and the operator can continue the operation without feeling an extreme increase in load. .
Of course, after the shape-retaining core member 22d has passed, the radius of the shutter body 2 taken up by the take-up shaft 31 becomes smaller again, so that the take-up with a light load is performed.
When the next shape-retaining core material 22c is wound again, the resistance torque corresponding to the radius increase is instantaneously increased again. As shown in FIG. 7, this situation indicates that the winding is performed quickly with a relatively small load in the relationship between the winding load and the winding stroke.

(6) Completion of Opening Such an operation is advanced, and finally the shutter body 2 is completely opened as shown in FIG. 5 (c). Since the resistance torque is extremely small, an excessive assist torque is not required. That is, when viewed from the balancer sheave 57, the winding diameter of the operating cable 52 to the winding groove 57b is small, and the balancer torque is also small.

[Comparison of operation stroke and labor with conventional equipment]
FIG. 7 is a graph in which an operation stroke is taken on the horizontal axis and an operation load (force applied to the loop chain 39) is taken on the vertical axis in operations during winding and lowering. From this graph, it can be seen that, in the shutter device S of the present invention in which the torque assist mechanism 5 is incorporated, the operation is performed in a state in which the operation load is significantly reduced, especially at the time of winding.
On the other hand, when the torque assist mechanism 5 is not incorporated, the operation load is high as a whole, and the fluctuation range of the operation load is large especially in the portion through which the shape retaining core material 22 passes. I understand.
In order to reduce the operation load when the torque assist mechanism 5 is not incorporated, it is necessary to increase the reduction ratio of the speed reducer 34. As a result, the operation stroke becomes large, and the operation input becomes Requires a lot of effort.

The shutter device S of the present invention has the above-described configuration as one embodiment, but various other modifications are possible.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the constant tension balancer unit 50 of the torque assist mechanism 5 is applied with a mainspring spring and a variable diameter pulley. However, a low repulsion cylinder unit (so-called gas cylinder) or the like is applied. Therefore, the operation cable 52 may be pulled by the operating cable 52.
Moreover, although the example which applies the shutter apparatus S of this invention to the loading platform of the vehicle C was demonstrated, naturally it is also possible to apply as a shutter etc. of the entrance / exit of a tent house warehouse.

C Vehicle S Shutter device T Tension W Top device 1 Shutter frame 11 Post frame 12 Upper beam frame 13 Lower beam frame 14 Subframe 2 Shutter body 21 Shutter sheet 22 Shape retaining core material 22a Shape retaining core material 22b Shape retaining core material 22c Shaped core material 22d Shape-retaining core material 3 Winding device 31 Winding shaft 31a Winding shaft bearing 31b Shutter drum 32 Operation input sprocket 33 Assist input sprocket 34 Reducer 35 Deceleration output sprocket 36 Relay drive chain 37 Reducer input shaft 37a Input shaft bearing 38 Winding chain wheel 39 Loop chain 4 Guide roller 5 Torque assist mechanism 50 Constant tension balancer unit 51 Relay balancer 52 Actuation cable 52a Base cable 52b Adjustment cable 3 bearing plate 53a bearing 54 actuating shaft 55 assist output sprocket 56 assist input chain 57 balancer sheave 57a sheave flange 57b wound Tomizo

Claims (4)

A sheet-like shutter body, a winding shaft for winding the shutter body, a winding device for rotating the winding shaft, and an operation load when the shutter body is wound with respect to the winding shaft is reduced. The torque assist mechanism includes a constant tension balancer unit and a relay balancer that winds up an operation cable of the constant tension balancer unit. The operation shaft of the relay balancer includes the winding shaft. The shaft and the rotation transmission are provided, and the balancer sheave that directly winds the working cable is provided. The balancer sheave increases the winding working diameter of the working cable according to the winding, and the winding state of the working cable is When the shutter body is fully closed, the maximum winding state is set, while when the shutter body is fully opened, the minimum winding state is set. The shutter apparatus characterized by being composed.
The balancer sheave in the relay balancer has a winding groove formed between a pair of sheave flanges, and the width dimension of the winding groove is set to be larger than the diameter dimension of the working cable. The shutter device according to claim 1.
3. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the constant tension balancer unit in the torque assist mechanism is an application of a cable winding spring balancer. 4.
  4. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the shutter main body comprises a shape-retaining core material at an appropriate interval in the horizontal direction with respect to the shutter sheet.

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