JP2019187293A - Harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a harvester comprising a collection part, capable of putting crops into corner parts of the collection part for filling the collection part with crops reasonably.SOLUTION: A harvester comprises a transport part 3 for transporting harvested crops A for putting the crops A into a collection part 5 from a terminal part 3a. The harvester has a dispersion part 4 arranged on an actuation position B1 on a lower side of the terminal part 3a of the transport part 3 for dispersing the crops A from the terminal part 3a of the transport part 3 and putting the crops A into the collection part 5. The harvester further comprises a full detection part for detecting that the collection part 5 is filled with crops, and a dispersion part movement mechanism 40 for moving the dispersion part 4 to a non-actuation position separated from the actuation position B1 on the basis of the detection of the full detection part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvester that harvests crops such as onions, potatoes, carrots, and radishes in a farm while traveling and stores them in a recovery unit of the aircraft.

  In a carrot harvester, which is an example of a harvesting machine, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a carrot (corresponding to a crop) is extracted (harvested) by a harvesting section, and the carrot is transported by a transport section. Some are configured to be put into a collection bag (corresponding to a collection unit) from the end of the unit.

JP-A-2006-136894

In patent document 1, the flexible collection | recovery bag is used as a collection part of a crop, and it is requested | required to use the collection | recovery bag provided with a big capacity | capacitance with the enlargement of a harvesting machine. For such a collection bag, there is a harvesting machine including a box-like collection unit made of metal or the like, and it is easy to configure a collection unit having a larger capacity than the collection bag.
When the harvester is provided with a large-capacity collection unit as described above, it is necessary to put the crop in every corner of the collection unit and fill the collection unit without difficulty.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a harvester with a large capacity collection unit so that crops can be put in every corner of the collection unit so that the collection unit can be filled without difficulty.

The harvesting machine of the present invention is
A harvesting section for harvesting crops in the field, a collection section,
A transport unit that transports the crop harvested by the harvesting unit, and throws the crop from the terminal portion into the recovery unit;
A dispersion unit that is arranged at a lower working position of the terminal end of the transport unit, so that crops from the terminal end of the transport unit are dispersed and input to the recovery unit;
A full detection unit for detecting that the recovery unit is full;
A dispersion unit moving mechanism is provided that moves the dispersion unit to a non-operation position away from the operation position based on detection by the full detection unit.

According to the present invention, the crops in the field are harvested by the harvesting unit, transported by the transport unit, and input to the collection unit from the terminal end of the transport unit.
In this case, the crop that comes out from the terminal end of the transport unit is thrown into the collecting unit while being dispersed by the dispersing unit, so that the crop is easily put into each part of the collecting unit without being biased to a part of the collecting unit. Therefore, the crops go into every corner of the collection department without difficulty.
Thereby, according to this invention, a collection | recovery part can be filled up reasonably and the working performance of a harvester can be improved.

As described above, when the collection unit becomes full, it is necessary to move the crop from the collection unit to another transporter or the like so that the collection unit is empty.
According to the present invention, when the collecting unit is full, the dispersing unit arranged at the lower working position of the conveying unit is automatically moved to the non-acting position away from the working position by the dispersing unit moving mechanism. Is done.

  Thereby, it becomes possible to perform the operation of moving the crop from the collection unit to another transport vehicle or the like while avoiding the interference by the dispersion unit, and the work performance of the harvester can be improved. Since the operator does not have to move the dispersing unit to the non-operation position by manual operation, the burden on the operator is reduced.

In the present invention,
It is preferable that the non-acting position is a position on the lower side of the transport unit that is separated from the terminal end of the transport unit toward the center of the transport unit.

As described above, when the dispersion unit arranged at the operation position is moved to the non-operation position, according to the present invention, the separation unit is separated from the terminal end of the conveyance unit toward the central side of the conveyance unit and below the conveyance unit. The position is moved to the day action position.
Thereby, since the dispersion | distribution part can be located in a non-operating position effectively using the space below a conveyance part, it becomes advantageous to the surface of the whole harvester compactization.

In the present invention,
It is preferable that a notification unit that notifies that the dispersion unit is moved to the non-operation position is provided.

  According to the present invention, since it is informed that the dispersion unit is moved to the non-operation position, the worker can start the operation of transferring the crop from the collection unit to another transport vehicle without delay according to the notification. As a result, the work performance of the harvester can be improved.

In the present invention,
The upper part of the recovery part is opened,
An elevating mechanism for elevating the collection unit is provided,
The lifting mechanism is
An ascending position for lifting the collection part to a sideways position so that the terminal part of the transport part and the dispersion part of the working position enter the upper part of the collection part;
The collection unit is configured such that the upper part of the collection unit is located below the terminal part of the transport unit and the dispersion part of the working position, and the bottom part of the collection unit is located below the upper part of the collection unit. It is preferable to raise and lower the recovery unit over a lowered position where the user stands up.

According to the present invention, for example, when the collection unit is empty, the collection unit may be raised to the raised position. In the raised position, the collection unit is in a sideways posture with the upper part of the collection unit facing sideways, and the terminal end of the transport unit enters the upper part of the collection unit.
In this state, the lateral side, not the bottom of the recovery unit, is located below the terminal end of the transport unit, and the drop between the terminal end of the transport unit and the lateral side of the recovery unit is small. Yes.

As a result, when the crop is introduced into the collection unit from the terminal end of the transport unit, the crop falls to the lateral side of the recovery unit, and the difference between the terminal end of the transport unit and the lateral side of the recovery unit is small. Thus, the crop can be prevented from being damaged when the crop is thrown into the collection from the terminal end of the transport unit and falls to the lateral side of the collection unit.
In this case, if the crop falls to the lateral side of the collection unit, the crop often rolls from the lateral side of the collection unit to the bottom side of the collection unit. It is thrown into the collection department without doing it.

When crops are thrown into the collection unit as the harvesting operation proceeds, the collection unit may be lowered to the lowered position accordingly.
In this case, with the head from the end of the transport unit being kept small, the recovery unit is recovered from the lying down position at the raised position while the end of the transport unit is pulled out from the upper part of the recovery unit. The upper part of the unit is in an upright posture facing upward, and crops enter every corner of the collection unit due to the change in the posture of the collection unit during this period.

When the collection unit is almost full, if the collection unit is moved to the lowered position, the upper part of the collection unit is located below the terminal end of the conveyance unit, and the collection unit stands upright. From the terminal end of the part, it is thrown into the collecting part without spilling out, and the collecting part can be filled without difficulty.
When the collection unit is full, the crop is moved from the collection unit to another transport vehicle, the collection unit is emptied, the collection unit is raised to the raised position, and the harvesting operation is resumed.

  As a result, according to the present invention, in a harvesting machine having a collection unit that is open at the top, crop damage is prevented when crops are thrown into the collection unit from the terminal end of the transport unit, and crop spillage is avoided. However, the collection unit can be filled without difficulty and the working performance of the harvester can be improved.

In the present invention,
A position sensor for detecting that the collection unit is located at the lowered position, and a crop sensor for detecting the presence of a crop in the vicinity of the dispersion unit at the working position,
Preferably, the full detection unit detects that the collection unit is full based on detection of the position sensor and detection of the crop sensor.

As described above, when the collection unit is lifted and lowered between the ascending position and the descending position, according to the present invention, in the state where the collection unit is located at the lowered position, the crops that are thrown into the collection unit and stacked, If the vicinity of the distribution unit is reached, it is determined that the collection unit is sufficiently full.
In this way, by properly detecting that the collection unit is full, a problem caused by delaying the work of transferring the crop from the collection unit to another transport vehicle, etc., for example, the crop is thrown into the full collection unit As a result, it is possible to avoid a state in which the crop spills from the collection unit, and the work performance of the harvester can be improved.

In the present invention,
It is preferable that the crop sensor is supported by the dispersion unit.

  As described above, when the crop sensor input to the collection unit detects that the crop has reached the vicinity of the distribution unit, the crop sensor is supported by the dispersion unit according to the present invention. It is possible to simplify the support structure of the crop sensor while appropriately detecting that has reached the vicinity of the distribution unit.

It is a right view of a harvester. It is a decomposition | disassembly right view which shows the vicinity of the collection | recovery part of the rear part of a body. FIG. 6 is a right side view showing a state in which the container support part and the recovery container are located at the ascending position and the dispersion part is located at the operating position in the vicinity of the recovery part at the rear of the machine body. FIG. 6 is a right side view showing a state in which the container support part and the recovery container are located at the lowered position and the dispersion part is located at the non-acting position in the vicinity of the recovery part at the rear of the machine body. It is a rear view which shows a container support part in the vicinity of the collection | recovery part of the rear part of a body. It is a rear view which shows the structure and dispersion | distribution part which raise / lower a container support part in the vicinity of the collection | recovery part of the rear part of a body. It is a top view which shows the structure which moves and operates a dispersion | distribution part and a dispersion | distribution part. It is the disassembled perspective view which looked at the structure which moves and operates a dispersion | distribution part and a dispersion | distribution part from diagonally lower side. It is a right view which shows a support structure in the state in which the guide cover was located in the 1st position. It is a right view which shows a support structure in the state in which the guide cover was located in the 2nd position. It is a figure which shows the control apparatus and the cooperation state of each part. It is a right view which shows the flow of work at the time of the start of harvesting work. It is a right view which shows the flow of work at the time of the start of harvesting work. It is a right view which shows the flow of the first half of a harvesting operation | work. It is a right view which shows the flow of the middle half of a harvesting operation | work. It is a right view which shows the flow of the latter half of a harvesting operation | work. It is a right view which shows the flow of the latter half of a harvesting operation | work. It is a right view which shows the flow of a replacement | exchange operation | work of a collection container. It is a right view which shows the flow of a replacement | exchange operation | work of a collection container. It is a right view which shows the flow of a replacement | exchange operation | work of a collection container. In the 4th another form of implementation of invention, it is a top view which shows the structure which moves and operates a dispersion | distribution part and a dispersion | distribution part.

1 to 21 show an onion harvester that is an example of a harvester.
In the harvest of onion A (corresponding to a crop), a digging machine (not shown) digs up the onion A buried in the field G and places it in the position where the onion A is dug. Leave in G for several days to dry. The harvesting machine of the present invention picks up and harvests the onion A placed in the field G after the completion of drying.

  1 to 21, F indicates “forward direction”, B indicates “rear direction”, U indicates “upward direction”, and D indicates “downward direction”. R indicates “right direction”, and L indicates “left direction”.

(Overall configuration of harvester)
As shown in FIG. 1, the aircraft 10 is supported by the right and left crawler type traveling devices 1, the harvesting unit 2 is supported at the front of the aircraft 10, and the transport unit 3 is disposed behind the harvesting unit 2. And the dispersion | distribution part 4 is supported by the body 10, and the collection | recovery part 5 is supported by the rear part of the body 10. FIG.
A driving unit 6 is provided on the right front of the machine body 10, and a work deck 7 is provided on the right and left sides of the transport unit 3.

  As the machine body 10 advances, the onion A in the field G is picked up by the harvesting unit 2, and the onion A is lifted upward by the harvesting unit 2 and delivered to the transport unit 3. The onion A is transported to the rear side by the transport unit 3, and is introduced into the recovery unit 5 from the terminal end 3 a of the transport unit 3 through the dispersion unit 4 and recovered.

  In addition to the driver of the driving unit 6, auxiliary workers are standing on the right and left work decks 7. When the auxiliary worker takes out the defective onion A from the onion A transported through the transport unit 3 or the onion A stays in the transport unit 3, the auxiliary worker copes with the stay of the onion A.

(Composition of harvesting part)
As shown in FIG. 1, the harvesting unit 2 is provided with a pick-up device 8 and a scraping device 9.

  The pickup device 8 is connected to the front portion of the machine body 10 in the vertical direction, the lower end portion of the pickup device 8 is disposed at a position substantially in contact with the field G, and the upper end portion of the pickup device 8 is the start end of the transport unit 3. It is arrange | positioned above the part.

  In the pick-up device 8, a wide endless rotating body 11 having a lateral width close to the left-right width of the airframe 10 is extended over the lower end and the upper end of the pick-up device 8, and a number of pick-up members 12 are provided. The rotating body 11 is connected.

  When the rotator 11 is driven to rotate counterclockwise in FIG. 1, the onion A of the farm field G is picked up by the pick-up member 12 at the lower end of the pick-up device 8 and lifted upward along the rotator 11. Then, it is transferred from the upper end of the pick-up device 8 to the start end of the transport unit 3.

  The scraping device 9 is supported so as to be swingable up and down around the axis P1 in the left-right direction at the lower end portion of the pick-up device 8, and a hydraulic cylinder 13 for swinging the pick-up device 9 includes the pick-up device 8 and It is connected across the scraping device 9.

  In the scraping device 9, the right and left rotating chains 14 are arranged at substantially the same left / right distance as the left / right width of the picking device 8, and a number of scraping members 15 made of rubber plates are attached to the right and left rotating chains 14. The right and left grounding wheels 16 are supported at positions in front of the right and left rotating chains 14.

In the field G, the machine body 10 is moved forward with the grounding wheel 16 positioned on the right and left sides of the portion (rice cake) where the onions A are placed, and the rotating chain 14 is driven to rotate clockwise in FIG. Is done.
Thus, the onion A is handled on the rear side (the pickup device 8 side) while the scraping member 15 contacts the onion A of the field G from the upper side of the field G, and the pickup device 8 (the pickup member 12). ) To pick up the onion A from the lower end.

(Conveyor configuration)
As shown in FIG. 1, the transport unit 3 includes a front first transport device 17 and a rear second transport device 18.

The 1st conveyance apparatus 17 is provided in the lower side of the upper end part of the picking-up apparatus 8 with the left-right width substantially the same as the left-right width of the picking-up apparatus 8, and is arrange | positioned diagonally forward upward in the side view.
The second transport device 18 has a lateral width that is substantially the same as the lateral width of the first transport device 17 and the pick-up device 8, and is disposed on the rear side of the first transport device 17, and is disposed obliquely rearward and upward in a side view. Has been. The end portion of the second transfer device 18 (the end portion 3a of the transfer portion 3) is rearward of the shaft core P8 (see below (container lifting / lowering operation structure) and FIGS. 2, 3 and 4) in side view. Protruding.

  An arch-shaped (channel-shaped) frame 19 is provided in a front view, the right leg of the frame 19 is connected to the right lateral side of the second transport device 18, and the left lateral side of the second transport device 18. The left leg portion of the frame 19 is connected to the portion.

The pick-up device 8 picks up the onion A of the field G and lifts it upward, and the onion A is transferred from the upper end of the pick-up device 8 to the first transport device 17 (the start end of the transport unit 3) (the above-mentioned (harvesting) Part structure)).
The onion A is conveyed to the rear side by the first conveying device 17, transferred to the second conveying device 18, and conveyed to the rear side by the second conveying device 18.

  The auxiliary worker standing on the right and left work decks 7 takes out the defective onion A from the onion A conveyed through the second conveying device 18 (conveying unit 3), or in the second conveying device 18 (conveying unit 3). When the onion A stays, etc., the onion A stays. In this case, the auxiliary worker can stabilize the body by holding the frame 19.

  The onion A is transported rearward by the second transport device 18, falls from the terminal end of the second transport device 18 (the terminal end 3 a of the transport unit 3), hits the dispersion unit 4, and moves from the dispersion unit 4 to the recovery unit 5. It is thrown in and collected.

(Frame structure at the rear of the aircraft)
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 6, right and left track frames 20 that support the right and left traveling apparatuses 1 are provided, and a frame 21 extends in the left-right direction across the rear portion of the track frame 20. Are connected.

  A frame 22 is connected to the left and right central portions of the frame 21 and extends obliquely rearward and upward, and a frame 23 is connected to the upper portion of the frame 22 along the left and right direction. The right and left support frames 24 are connected to the right and left ends of the frame 23 and extend obliquely rearward and upward.

  The right and left frames 25 connected to the upper part of the front part of the airframe 10 extend to the rear side, and the frame 25 is connected to the upper part of the support frame 24. The right and left frames 26 connected to the lower part of the front portion of the airframe 10 extend obliquely rearward and upward, and the frame 26 is connected to a connecting portion between the support frame 24 and the frame 25.

The work deck 7 is supported by the frame 25, and the frame 27 is connected across the work deck 7 and the support frame 24.
Frames 28 and 29 are connected to the rear part and the front-rear intermediate part of the frame 25 in the left-right direction, and a support member 30 formed by bending a flat plate into a channel shape in plan view is connected to the frame 29. A support shaft 31 is connected over the upper portion of the support frame 24.

(Configuration of the distribution unit)
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 6, the dispersion unit 4 is provided below the terminal portion of the second transport device 18 (the terminal portion 3 a of the transport unit 3). The dispersion unit 4 includes an operation position B1 (see FIG. 3) below the terminal portion of the second transport device 18 (terminal portion 3a of the transport unit 3) and a non-operation position B2 that is separated from the operation position B1 (FIG. 4). (See)).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the dispersing unit 4 disperses the onion A that has come out from the terminal end of the second transport device 18 (the terminal end 3 a of the transport unit 3) at the working position B <b> 1, so that the onion A is collected by the collecting unit 5. So that it is evenly placed in each part.

  As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, the dispersing portion 4 includes a flat plate portion 32, a guide portion 33, frames 34 and 35 connected to the lower surface portion of the flat plate portion 32, and a connecting portion 36. 32 is formed by bending a flat plate, and includes a central portion 32a, right and left lateral portions 32b, and a rear portion 32c.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the state where the dispersion part 4 is located at the action position B1, the central part 32a of the flat plate part 32 is obliquely rearward and downward, the right and left lateral side parts 32b of the flat plate part 32 are obliquely downward and downward, and The rear side portion 32c of the flat plate portion 32 faces obliquely downward and downward.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the guide portion 33 is formed in an elongated shape by a rubber material having a semicircular cross section, and is attached to the upper surface of the central portion 32a of the flat plate portion 32 and the right and left lateral side portions 32b. In this manner, they are arranged obliquely so as to spread rearward with respect to the front-rear direction.

  The frame 34 is formed by bending a plate material into a channel shape in plan view, and is connected to the front portion of the lower surface of the flat plate portion 32. A frame 35 made of an elongated plate is connected in the left-right direction around the front and rear center of the lower surface of the flat plate portion 32. The flat plate-like right and left connecting portions 36 are connected to the rear portion of the lower surface of the flat plate portion 32 along the front-rear direction.

  Brackets 34 a are connected to the right and left portions of the frame 34, and right and left crop sensors 37 are attached to the right and left brackets 34 a of the frame 34. The crop sensor 37 is provided with an arm-shaped contact portion 37 a, the crop sensor 37 is positioned below the flat plate portion 32, and the contact portion 37 a protrudes rearward from the flat plate portion 32. As shown in FIG. 3, in a state where the dispersion part 4 is located at the action position B1, the contact part 37a of the crop sensor 37 is extended obliquely rearward and downward in a side view.

(Support structure for moving part and moving operation structure)
As shown in FIGS. 2, 6, 7, and 8, a connecting portion 38 formed by bending a plate material and having a box shape is provided, and a support shaft 38 a is connected to the front portion of the connecting portion 38 along the left-right direction. The right and left arms 38b are connected to the right and left ends of the support shaft 38a and extend to the front side. Two sets of connection holes 38c and 38d are opened in the connection part 38, and the connection part 36 of the dispersion part 4 is bolted to the connection hole 38c of the connection part 38.

  Right and left operation arms 39 are swingably supported around a left and right axis P2 of the bracket 29a connected to the frame 29, and an upper end portion of the operation arm 39 is connected to an arm 38b of the connection portion 38. The front end is swingably connected around the axis P3 in the left-right direction. A backward-acting hydraulic cylinder 40 (corresponding to the dispersing portion moving mechanism) is connected across the bracket 28a coupled to the frame 28 and the lower portion 39a of the operation arm 39.

  The right and left operation arms 41 are swingably supported around the axis P4 in the left-right direction of the support member 30, and the upper end of the operation arm 41 is supported on the support shaft 38a of the connecting portion 38 in the left-right direction. The shaft P5 is swingably connected around the axis P5.

  The state shown in FIGS. 3 and 8 is a state in which the hydraulic cylinder 40 is contracted and the operation arms 39 and 41 are operated to swing rearward, and the dispersing unit 4 is connected to the end portion (conveyance) of the second conveying device 18. This is a state where the terminal portion 3a) of the portion 3 is located at the lower action position B1.

  At the action position B1, the rear end portion (the crop sensor 37) of the dispersion unit 4 is connected to the end portion (the end portion 3a of the transfer portion 3) of the second transfer device 18 and the axis P8 (described later) in a plan view and a side view. (Refer to the lifting / lowering operation structure of the container support section)). The dispersion part 4 and the connecting part 38 partially overlap with the terminal part of the second transport device 18 (terminal part 3a of the transport part 3) in plan view.

  In the state shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8, the dispersion portion 4 and the connecting portion 38 are supported at the two front and rear points in a side view by the upper ends of the operation arms 39 and 41, and the dispersion portion 4 acts. It is fixed at position B1. If the connecting portion 36 of the dispersing portion 4 is bolted to the connecting hole 38d of the connecting portion 38, the position of the dispersing portion 4 at the operation position B1 can be set slightly behind the position shown in FIG. it can.

  When the hydraulic cylinder 40 is extended from the state shown in FIG. 3, the operation arms 39 and 41 are swung forward as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, and the dispersing portion 4 and the connecting portion 38 are moved. It moves to the front side along the lower side of the second conveying device 18 (conveying unit 3), and is moved to the non-operation position B2.

The non-operation position B2 is separated from the terminal end of the second transport device 18 (terminal portion 3a of the transport unit 3) toward the center side of the second transport device 18 (center side of the transport unit 3), and the second transport device. This is a lower position of 18 (conveying unit 3). In the non-operation position B2, the dispersion | distribution part 4 and the connection part 38 overlap with the 2nd conveying apparatus 18 (conveying part 3) by planar view.
In the non-acting position B2, the rear end portion (the crop sensor 37) of the dispersing portion 4 is located immediately above the axis P8 (see the below-described (lifting operation structure of the container support portion)) in a plan view and a side view. .

(Configuration of the container support part in the recovery part)
As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, the collection unit 5 includes a container support unit 43 that supports a box-shaped collection container 42 (see FIGS. 3 and 12) with an upper part 42 a opened.

  The right and left frames 44 are provided, the frames 45 and 46 are connected across the upper and lower middle portions of the frame 44, and the round pipe-like support frame 48 is connected over the upper portion of the frame 44. The body is formed.

  A frame 49 extending in the left-right direction is provided. A bracket 49a is connected to the left and right center of the frame 49, and a round pipe-shaped support frame 50 is connected to the bracket 49a. A support frame 50 and a frame 49 are swingably supported around a left and right axis P6 at the lower end of the frame 44. The bracket 45a connected to the frame 45 and the bracket 49a of the frame 49 are spanned. A single-acting hydraulic cylinder 51 is connected.

  Fork-like right and left support arms 52 are connected to the left and right central portions of the frame 49 and extend rearward. The right and left support arms 53 having an L-shaped cross section (angle material shape) are connected to the right and left ends of the frame 49 and extend to the rear side.

  L-shaped (angle-shaped) right and left holding arms 54 are coupled to the frame 44 in plan view. A support frame 55 is connected in the left-right direction across the upper end of the frame 44, and a rubber plate cover 56 is connected to the support frame 55.

  By extending and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 51, the support frame 50 and the frame 49 can be swung around the axis P6 of the frame 44, and the support arms 52 and 53 (container support portion 43) are moved to the support position C1. (See FIG. 11) and the disengagement position C2 (see FIG. 11).

(Configuration of collection container)
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 12, the collection container 42 has a box-shaped frame formed of a metal frame, and a plate member and a wire mesh are attached to the bottom part 42b and the side part 42c of the frame, and the upper part 42a. Is open.

  The collection container 42 can be installed on the container support portion 43 (support arms 52 and 53) from the rear side, and can be extracted from the container support portion 43 (support arms 52 and 53) to the rear side. In a state where the collection container 42 is installed on the container support portion 43 (support arms 52 and 53), the onion A is introduced from the upper portion 42a of the collection container 42 as described later.

(Configuration of guide cover provided in the container support)
As shown in FIGS. 2, 5, 9, and 10, a round pipe-like support frame 57 is connected to the upper end portion of the frame 44, and extends right and left laterally outside. The right and left guide plates 58 are connected to the left and right outer ends.

  An arch-shaped (channel-shaped) frame 59 is provided in a front view, and a right support member 60 is connected to the right lateral side 59b of the frame 59, and a left support is supported on the left lateral side 59b of the frame 59. The member 60 is connected.

  A guide cover 61 is attached to the upper portion 59 a and the right and left lateral portions 59 b of the frame 59, and an opening 62 is formed between the guide covers 61. The guide cover 61 is in the form of a sheet having flexibility, such as a synthetic fiber cloth or a synthetic resin vinyl sheet.

  A support member 60 is swingably supported around an axis P7 in the left-right direction at the end of the support frame 57. The guide cover 61 and the frame 59 have a first position D1 (see FIG. 9) where the support member 60 stops when it hits the stopper portion 58a of the guide plate 58, and a second position where the lower portion 60a of the support member 60 hits the stopper portion 58a of the guide plate 58. A toggle spring 63 is connected across the pin 70b of the support member 60 and the pin 58b of the guide plate 58. The toggle spring 63 is swingable over a position D2 (see FIG. 10).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 9, at the first position D1, the guide cover 61 and the frame 59 are substantially aligned with the frame 44 of the container support portion 43 in a side view.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 10, at the second position D2, the guide cover 61 and the frame 59 are substantially parallel to the support arms 52 and 53 of the container support portion 43 in a side view.

(Container lifting / lowering structure)
As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 5, and 6, the support shaft 31 of the machine body 10 is inserted into the support frame 48 of the container support portion 43, and around the axis P <b> 8 in the left-right direction of the support shaft 31 of the machine body 10, The container support portion 43 is supported so as to be swingable up and down.

The right and left brackets 44 a are connected to the frames 44 and 45 of the container support portion 43, and the right and left brackets 23 a are connected to the frame 23 of the body 10. Single-acting right and left hydraulic cylinders 64 (corresponding to an elevating mechanism) are connected across the bracket 44a of the container support portion 43 and the bracket 23a of the airframe 10.
As shown in FIG. 3, the container support portion 43 can be lifted and lowered across the raised position E1 and the lowered position E6 by operating the hydraulic cylinder 64 to expand and contract.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the position sensor 65 is attached to a connecting portion between the left support frame 24 and the frame 25 of the body 10. The position sensor 65 is of a potentiometer type and is provided with a detection arm 65a that can swing in the front-rear direction.

  A pin 44b is laterally coupled to the frame 44 of the container support 43, and a linkage link 66 is connected across the detection arm 65a of the position sensor 65 and the pin 44b of the container support 43.

  As the container support 43 is moved up and down, the detection arm 65a of the position sensor 65 is swung through the linkage link 66, and the position sensor is moved between the raised position E1 and the lowered position E6. 65, the position of the container support 43 is detected.

(Configuration of control system for raising and lowering container support)
As shown in FIG. 11, the control device 67 is provided in the machine body 10, the detection signal of the crop sensor 37 is input to the control device 67, and the detection value of the position sensor 65 is input to the control device 67.

Electromagnetic operation type control valves 72, 73, and 74 are provided for operating the hydraulic cylinders 40, 51, and 64 to extend and contract by supplying and discharging hydraulic oil to and from the hydraulic cylinders 40, 51, and 64.
A moving operation unit 75 for operating the control valve 72, a detaching operation unit 76 for operating the control valve 73, an elevating operation unit 77 for operating the control valve 74, and a fullness detecting unit 78 are provided in the control device 67 as software. .

A manual lever type lift switch 68 is provided at the rear part of the operation unit 6 (front part of the right work deck 7), and an operation signal of the lift switch 68 is input to the control device 67.
The raising / lowering switch 68 can be operated to the stop position, the raising position and the lowering position, and is biased to the stopping position. When the raising / lowering switch 68 is operated to the raising position (lowering position), the control valve 74 is operated by the raising / lowering operation unit 77. As a result, the hydraulic cylinder 64 expands and contracts.

  A release switch 69 and an automatic lowering switch 79 are provided at the rear part of the driving unit 6 (the front part of the right work deck 7), and operation signals of the separation switch 69 and the automatic lowering switch 79 are input to the control device 67. Yes.

Both the driver of the driving unit 6 and the auxiliary worker of the right work deck 7 can operate the raising / lowering switch 68, the separation switch 69 and the automatic lowering switch 79.
An alarm buzzer 70 (corresponding to the notification unit) is provided in both the operation unit 6 and the work deck 7, and an alarm lamp 71 (corresponding to the notification unit) is provided in a meter panel (not shown) of the operation unit 6.

  Based on the operation signals of the elevating switch 68, the separation switch 69 and the automatic lowering switch 79, and the detection signals of the crop sensor 37 and the position sensor 65, the following (work flow at the start of harvesting work) to (recovery container replacement work) ), The control valves 72, 73, 74 are operated by the moving operation unit 75, the detachment operation unit 76, the lifting operation unit 77, and the fullness detection unit 78 of the control device 67, and the hydraulic cylinders 40, 51 and 64 extend and contract.

(Flow of work at the start of harvesting work)
As shown in FIG. 12, when the machine body 10 is stopped, the container support 43 is positioned at the lowered position E6, the support arms 52 and 53 (container support 43) are positioned at the support position C1, and the dispersion unit 4 is not in position. In a state where the guide cover 61 and the frame 59 are located at the first position D1 in the operation position B2, the empty collection container 42 is removed from the container support portion 43 (support arms 52, 52) by another work vehicle (not shown). 53) from the rear side.

  The end portion of the second transport device 18 (the end portion 3a of the transport portion 3) protrudes rearward from the axis P8 in a side view and enters the opening 62 (see FIG. 5) of the guide cover 61. It is located above the upper part 42 a of the collection container 42.

  In the state shown in FIG. 12, the elevation switch 68 is operated to the raised position, and the hydraulic cylinder 64 is extended to operate the container support 43 as shown in FIG. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 40 is contracted, and the dispersing portion 4 is automatically moved from the non-operation position B2 to the operation position B1 through the opening 62 (see FIG. 5) of the guide cover 61.

  When the container support part 43 reaches the raised position E1, the lift switch 68 is operated to the stop position to stop the hydraulic cylinder 64. When the dispersion unit 4 reaches the operating position B1, the hydraulic cylinder 40 automatically stops.

  As shown in FIG. 13, when the container support portion 43 is lifted from the lowered position E6, the guide cover 61 and the frame 59 tend to fall forward. By hitting the frame 19, the guide cover 61 and the frame 59 are operated from the first position D1 (see FIG. 9) to the second position D2 (see FIG. 10).

  As shown in FIG. 13, in the state where the container support portion 43 is located at the ascending position E1, the recovery container 42 is in a sideways posture in which the upper part 42a of the recovery container 42 is directed frontward (laterally). The terminal part (terminal part 3 a of the transport part 3) and the dispersion part 4 of the transport device 18 enter the upper part 42 a of the recovery container 42 and enter the inside of the recovery container 42.

(Flow of the first half of the harvesting work)
As described in the previous section (work flow at the start of harvesting work), the harvesting work is started in a state where the container support portion 43 is located at the raised position E1. In this case, the automatic lowering switch 79 is operated to the ON position.

  As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 14, with the container support portion 43 positioned at the ascending position E1, on the lower side of the second transport device 18 (the end portion 3a of the transport unit 3) and the dispersion unit 4, The lateral portion 42c is located instead of the bottom portion 42b of the collection container 42, the terminal end portion (terminal portion 3a of the transport portion 3) and the dispersion portion 4 of the second transport device 18, the lateral side portion 42c of the recovery container 42, The head is small.

  When the onion A is put into the collection container 42 from the terminal end of the second transport device 18 (terminal part 3a of the transport unit 3), the onion A falls to the lateral side part 42c of the recovery container 42, and the second transport Onion A becomes the terminal part (conveying part) of the second conveying device 18 because the drop between the terminal part (terminal part 3a of the conveying part 3) and the dispersing part 4 and the lateral side part 42c of the collection container 42 is small. 3, the onion A can be prevented from being damaged when it is put into the recovery container 42 from the terminal end 3 a).

  Since the onion A that has come out from the end portion of the second transport device 18 (the end portion 3a of the transport portion 3) hits the dispersion portion 4, the onion A is thrown into the collection container 42 while being dispersed by the dispersion portion 4. The onions A easily enter into each part of the recovery container 42 without being biased to a part of the recovery container 42, and the onions A easily enter the corners of the recovery container 42.

  When the onion A falls to the side part 42c of the collection container 42, the onion A often rolls from the side part 42c of the collection container 42 to the bottom part 42b side of the collection container 42. 18 is put into the collection container 42 without staying below the terminal portion 18 (terminal portion 3a of the transport unit 3).

(The middle half of the harvesting process)
As the harvesting operation proceeds, the onion A is stacked in the collection container 42, and the onion A reaches the position of the crop sensor 37.

  The onion A stacked in the collection container 42 pushes up the contact portion 37a of the crop sensor 37 from below, and the state where the contact portion 37a of the crop sensor 37 is pushed up from below is set time (for example, several seconds). If maintained over this, the crop sensor 37 is in a state of detecting the onion A.

  When the onion A stacked in the collection container 42 is detected by at least one of the right and left crop sensors 37, the vicinity of the end portion of the second transport device 18 (the end portion 3a of the transport portion 3) It is determined that the onion A exists in the vicinity of the dispersion unit 4.

  When the onion A is thrown into the collection container 42 while being dispersed by the dispersion unit 4, the onion A is likely to gather on the rear side of the dispersion unit 4 or the right and left lateral sides of the dispersion unit 4 in a plan view. Onions A are in a state that is difficult to gather in a portion immediately below (a portion overlapping with the dispersion portion 4 in plan view).

  In the dispersion part 4, the contact part 37a of the crop sensor 37 in a state where the contact part 37a of the crop sensor 37 protrudes rearward from the dispersion part 4 (flat plate part 32) and the dispersion part 4 is located at the action position B1. Is extended obliquely downward in a side view, and the onion A stacked in the collection container 42 is appropriately detected by the contact portion 37a of the crop sensor 37.

When the onion A is thrown into the collection container 42 while being dispersed by the dispersion unit 4, the onion A may come into contact with the contact part 37 a of the crop sensor 37.
In this case, when the onion A contacts the contact portion 37a of the crop sensor 37 from above, the contact portion 37a of the crop sensor 37 is pushed down, and the time for the onion A to contact the contact portion 37a of the crop sensor 37 is short. As a result, the contact portion 37a of the crop sensor 37 is not held in the depressed state.

  Thereby, when the onion A is thrown into the collection container 42 while being dispersed by the dispersion unit 4, the onion A is detected by the crop sensor 37 even if the onion A contacts the contact portion 37 a of the crop sensor 37. In other words, it is not determined that the onion A is present in the vicinity of the terminal part (terminal part 3a of the transport part 3) of the second transport device 18 (in the vicinity of the dispersion part 4).

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 11, 14, and 15, when the automatic lowering switch 79 is operated to the ON position, a plurality of intermediate positions E2, E3, E4 are provided between the ascending position E1 and the descending position E6. E5 is set.

When the onion A stacked in the collection container 42 is detected by the crop sensor 37, as shown in FIG. 15, the hydraulic cylinder 64 is contracted and the container support 43 is lowered from the raised position E1 to support the container. When the portion 43 reaches the intermediate position E2, the hydraulic cylinder 64 stops based on the detection value of the position sensor 65.
When the container support 43 is lowered to the intermediate position E2, the onions A stacked in the collection container 42 are separated from the crop sensor 37 downward.

When the onion A stacked in the collection container 42 is detected by the crop sensor 37 in the state where the container support portion 43 is located at the intermediate position E2, the hydraulic cylinder 64 is contracted and actuated. When the container support portion 43 is lowered from the intermediate position E2 and the container support portion 43 reaches the intermediate position E3, the hydraulic cylinder 64 stops based on the detection value of the position sensor 65.
When the container support 43 is lowered to the intermediate position E <b> 3, the onion A stacked in the collection container 42 is separated downward from the crop sensor 37.

(The latter half of the harvesting process)
By repeating the operation described in the previous section (flow in the middle half of the harvesting operation), the container support 43 is moved from the raised position E1 to the intermediate position E2, from the intermediate position E2 to the intermediate position E3, and from the intermediate position E3 to the intermediate position E4. The intermediate position E4 is automatically lowered in steps from the intermediate position E5 and from the intermediate position E5 to the lowered position E6.

  When the automatic lowering switch 79 is operated to the ON position, the automatic lowering operation of the container support portion 43 as described above is performed. When the automatic lowering switch 79 is operated to the OFF position, the above-described automatic lowering switch 79 is operated. Such an automatic lowering operation of the container support 43 is not performed.

  When the automatic lowering switch 79 is operated to the OFF position, the driver or the auxiliary operator operates the elevation switch 68 to the lowered position and the stopped position, so that the container support portion 43 is moved from the raised position E1 to the lowered position E6. Can be lowered to an arbitrary position and stopped.

  As shown in FIGS. 14, 15, and 16, the container support portion 43 is lowered from the raised position E <b> 1 to the lowered position E <b> 6 through the intermediate positions E <b> 2 to E <b> 5. The terminal part 3a) of the part 3 and the dispersion part 4 are gradually pulled out from the upper part 42a of the collection container 42.

  Along with this, the collection container 42 changes from a sideways posture at the raised position E1 to an upright position with the upper portion 42a of the collection container 42 facing upward. A enters every corner of the collection container 42.

  The guide cover 61 and the frame 59 in the second position D2 are lowered together with the container support portion 43, and the guide cover 61 is positioned around the upper part 42a of the collection container 42. Accordingly, the guide cover 61 prevents the onion A from spilling out from the upper portion 42 a of the collection container 42.

  As shown in FIG. 16, in a state where the container support portion 43 is located at the lowered position E6, the collection container 42 is disposed below the terminal end portion (terminal portion 3 a of the transport portion 3) and the dispersion portion 4 of the second transport device 18. The recovery container 42 stands up so that the upper part 42a of the recovery container 42 is positioned and the bottom part 42b of the recovery container 42 is positioned below the upper part 42a of the recovery container 42.

  In a state where the container support portion 43 is located at the lowered position E6, the dispersion portion 4 (connecting portion 38) is located below the front end portion of the upper portion 42a of the recovery container 42, and the operation arms 39 and 41 are the upper portions of the recovery container 42. The operation arms 39 and 41 and the front end portion of the upper portion 42a of the collection container 42 do not contact each other.

  Thereby, the onion A is thrown into the collection container 42 from the terminal part (the terminal part 3a of the transport part 3) of the second transport device 18 without spilling, and the recovery container 42 can be filled without difficulty. it can.

  When the onion A stacked in the recovery container 42 is detected by the crop sensor 37 in a state where the position sensor 65 detects that the container support part 43 is positioned at the lowered position E6, the fullness detection part 78 causes the recovery container 42 to Is sufficiently full, the alarm buzzer 70 is activated and the alarm lamp 71 is lit.

When a predetermined time (for example, several seconds) elapses after the alarm buzzer 70 is activated and the alarm lamp 71 is lit, the alarm buzzer 70 is stopped and the alarm lamp 71 is turned off.
When the alarm buzzer 70 is stopped and the alarm lamp 71 is extinguished, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 17, the hydraulic cylinder 40 is extended and the dispersing portion 4 is opened from the operation position B1 to the opening 62 (see FIG. 5), the movement operation is automatically performed to the non-operation position B2.

  After the state shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 17, the harvesting operation is continued for a while, so that the end portion of the second transport device 18 (the end portion of the transport portion 3) in a state where the dispersion portion 4 is located at the non-operation position B <b> 2. From 3a), the onion A can be put into every corner of the collection container 42. After this, the harvesting operation is interrupted.

(Recovery container replacement workflow)
As described in the previous section (flow in the latter half of the harvesting operation), when the collection container 42 is full and the aircraft 10 is stopped and the harvesting operation is interrupted, the aircraft 10 is moved backward a little to stop as shown in FIG. The auxiliary operator operates the guide cover 61 and the frame 59 to the first position D1 (see FIG. 9).

  As shown in FIG. 18, the longitudinal length of the bottom portion 42b of the collection container 42 is set to be slightly longer than the longitudinal length of the support arms 52 and 53, and the rear end portion of the bottom portion 42b of the collection container 42 is the support arm. Projecting to the rear side of the rear end portions of 52 and 53.

  When the release switch 69 is operated in the above-described state, as shown in FIG. 19, the hydraulic cylinder 51 contracts and the support arms 52 and 53 (container support portion 43) are operated to the release position C2. As a result, the collection container 42 is tilted backward, and the rear end portion of the bottom portion 42b of the collection container 42 contacts the field G.

  When the machine body 10 is advanced in the state shown in FIG. 19, as shown in FIG. 20, the support arms 52, 53 (container support portion 43) are caused by the resistance of the rear end portion of the bottom portion 42 b of the collection container 42 to the ground G. ) Is pulled out from the bottom 42b of the collection container 42 to the front side (the collection container 42 is pulled out from the support arms 52 and 53 (container support part 43) to the rear side). It is removed from the container support 43 and placed on the field G.

  As shown in FIG. 20, when the full collection container 42 is removed from the container support portion 43, the hydraulic cylinder 51 is automatically extended and the support arms 52 and 53 (container support portion 43) are operated to the support position C1. Then, the state returns to the state shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 12, an empty collection container 42 is installed on the container support 43 (support arms 52 and 53) from the rear side by another work vehicle (not shown), and the full container placed in the field G is filled. The collection container 42 is collected, and the harvesting operation is restarted from the state shown in FIG.

(First embodiment of the invention)
In the container support portion 43, the support frame 50 and the frame 49 are slidably supported on the lower end portion of the frame 44, and the support frame 50, the frame 49, and the support arms 52 and 53 are supported by the hydraulic cylinder 51 at the support position C1. In addition, it may be configured to move up and down in parallel over the separation position C2.

  With this configuration, when the support arms 52 and 53 (container support portion 43) are operated to the disengagement position C2, the recovery container 42 is lowered without maintaining the posture at the lowered position E6 and without being tilted backward. As a result, the entire bottom 42 b of the collection container 42 is grounded to the field G.

  Thereafter, the body 10 is moved forward to change the posture of the collection container 42 (without causing spillage of the onion A based on the change in the posture of the collection container 42), and to support arms 52 and 53 (container support portion). 43) can be pulled out from the bottom 42b of the collection container 42 (the collection container 42 can be pulled out from the support arms 52, 53 (container support 43) to the rear).

(Second embodiment of the invention)
Instead of providing the recovery container 42, a recovery part 5 may be configured by connecting a container having a shape corresponding to the recovery container 42 to the container support part 43.

  If comprised in this way, when the collection | recovery part 5 becomes full, the onion A will be taken out from the collection | recovery part 5 by operating the collection | recovery part 5 in a sideways attitude | position toward the back side, and other conveyance vehicles (not shown) It may be configured to move to You may provide another conveyor type conveyance apparatus (not shown) which moves the onion A of the collection | recovery part 5 to another conveyance vehicle (not shown).

(Third Another Embodiment of the Invention)
The intermediate positions E2 to E5 between the ascending position E1 and the descending position E6 may be set to be larger than the state shown in FIGS. 3 and 11, or may be set to be less than the state shown in FIGS. Good.

  A plurality of intermediate positions E2 to E5 between the ascending position E1 and the descending position E6 are abolished, and the container support part 43 (collection part 5) is continuously moved little by little from the ascending position E1 to the descending position E6. You may comprise so that a downward operation may be carried out.

(Fourth embodiment of the invention)
In the dispersing portion 4, the guide portion 33 made of the rubber material shown in FIG. 7 is abolished, and the guide portion 33 in which the outer surface of the metal round pipe is covered with the rubber material as shown in FIG. In addition, it may be attached to the upper surface of the left lateral side portion 32b obliquely so as to extend rearward in the front-rear direction.

(Fifth embodiment of the invention)
In the state shown in FIG. 13, the fact that the container support portion 43 has been lifted to the lift position E1 and the dispersion portion 4 has been moved to the action position B1 is sounded (alarm sound) by an alarm device (not shown). ) May be used for notification.

  In the state shown in FIG. 16, it may be configured such that an alarm device informs that the collection container 42 is full by sound (alarm sound).

The present invention can be applied not only to the onion A harvesting machine but also to a harvesting machine in which crops such as potatoes, carrots and radishes in the field G are harvested while traveling and stored in the collection unit 5 of the machine body 10.
The present invention is not limited to a harvesting machine that collects a crop excavated from the field G and placed in the field G for several days, but also collects the crop from the field G and does not place the crop in the field G. It can also be applied to harvesting machines that store in

2 harvesting section 3 transport section 3a terminal section 4 dispersion section 5 collection section 37 crop sensor 40 hydraulic cylinder (dispersion section moving mechanism)
42a Top 42b Bottom 64 Hydraulic cylinder (lifting mechanism)
65 Position sensor 70 Alarm buzzer (notification unit)
71 Warning lamp (notification part)
78 Full detection part A Onion (crop)
B1 action position B2 non-action position E1 ascent position E6 ascent position G field

Claims (6)

A harvesting section for harvesting crops in the field, a collection section,
A transport unit that transports the crop harvested by the harvesting unit, and throws the crop from the terminal portion into the recovery unit;
A dispersion unit that is arranged at a lower working position of the terminal end of the transport unit, so that crops from the terminal end of the transport unit are dispersed and input to the recovery unit;
A full detection unit for detecting that the recovery unit is full;
A harvesting machine provided with a dispersing unit moving mechanism that moves the dispersing unit to a non-acting position away from the operating position based on detection of the fullness detecting unit.   The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the non-operation position is a position on the lower side of the transport unit that is separated from the terminal end of the transport unit toward the center of the transport unit.   The harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a notification unit that notifies that the dispersion unit has been moved to the non-operation position. The upper part of the recovery part is opened,
An elevating mechanism for elevating the collection unit is provided,
The lifting mechanism is
An ascending position for lifting the collection part to a sideways position so that the terminal part of the transport part and the dispersion part of the working position enter the upper part of the collection part;
The collection unit is configured such that the upper part of the collection unit is located below the terminal part of the transport unit and the dispersion part of the working position, and the bottom part of the collection unit is located below the upper part of the collection unit. The harvester as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which raise / lower the said collection | recovery part over the descent | fall position which stands up. A position sensor for detecting that the collection unit is located at the lowered position, and a crop sensor for detecting the presence of a crop in the vicinity of the dispersion unit at the working position,
The harvester according to claim 4, wherein the full detection unit detects that the collection unit is full based on detection of the position sensor and detection of the crop sensor.   The harvester according to claim 5, wherein the crop sensor is supported by the dispersing unit.

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