JP7097807B2 - Harvester - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a harvester in which harvested crops are transported rearward by a transport section and collected by a recovery section at the rear of the machine.

As a harvester having the above configuration, Patent Document 1 describes that onions in a field are raised by a foliage raising device, and the caused foliage is pulled out from the ridges while being sandwiched by a pulling mechanism and transported. The technique of harvesting the separated bulbs in the harvesting mechanism is described.

The harvester of Patent Document 1 has a machine that can travel by a crawler traveling device, and as a harvesting mechanism, a transporting means for transporting bulbs transported by a pulling mechanism and a bulb transported by this transporting means are used. It is configured with a container to collect.

In particular, in Patent Document 1, a container is arranged at a position for accommodating onions transported by a conveyor means as the machine travels, and an empty container is supported above the container in advance. It is described that an empty container is placed at a position where onions from the conveyor means fall.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-43966

Taking an example of a harvesting machine that harvests onions, in the case of a harvesting machine that runs the machine as described in Patent Document 1, the container is full of the harvested onions from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of the harvesting work. If this happens, it is desirable to be able to quickly replace the container.

On the other hand, the harvester described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a mechanism for preparing a plurality of containers in the machine body and sequentially arranging the containers at the positions where the onions fall from the conveyor means during the harvesting work. There is. Further, Patent Document 1 also describes that the container held above is moved downward by an artificial work.

However, in Patent Document 1, since a mechanism for moving the container toward the rear of the airframe is required, the size of the airframe is increased, and the work for transferring the container held above to the lower side is a work. There is room for improvement because it will be a burden on the person.

For this reason, when the container is full due to the harvesting work, a harvester that can easily place a new container at a position where the crops can be collected is required.

The characteristic configuration of the harvester according to the present invention is arranged in the front part of the machine, and the harvesting part that harvests the crops in the field as the machine runs and the crops harvested in the harvesting part are placed on the rear side of the machine. The container can be held in a transport unit for transporting, a collection unit for collecting crops discharged from the rear end position of the transport unit in a container arranged at the collection position, and a standby position directly above the collection position. The container is provided with a container arranging portion for linearly lowering the container held in the standby position and arranging the container at the collecting position , and the container arranging portion is vertically formed on one side portion in the lateral direction of the machine. The vertical frame provided in an orientation posture, an elevating frame that can move up and down along the vertical frame, and the elevating frame projecting from the elevating frame in the lateral width direction of the machine to come into contact with the bottom wall of the container. The container arranging portion includes a pair of arm portions capable of supporting the container, and an interval changing mechanism for changing the spacing between the pair of arm portions, and the container at the collection position has the container. After being taken out, the container arranging portion arranges the container in the standby position at the collecting position by lowering the pair of the arm portions, and after that, the pair of the arm portions is placed from the outer wall of the container. The point is that the opening interval is expanded to a distance, the container is raised to the standby position, and the container is reduced to a support interval that can support the container .

According to this characteristic configuration, as the aircraft travels, the crops in the field are harvested at the harvesting section, transported backward at the transport section, discharged from the rear end position of this transport section, and placed at the collection position of the recovery section. It will be possible to collect it. Further, when the container at the collection position reaches the full state with the harvested material, after removing the container at the collection position, the container arrangement portion linearly lowers the container held at the standby position and arranges it at the collection position. ..
In particular, in this configuration, the container arranging unit linearly lowers the container held in the standby position directly above the collection position and arranges it at the collection position, so that a new container is arranged at the collection position. Simplification is possible.
As a result, when the container is full due to the harvesting work, a harvester is configured in which a new container can be easily placed at a position where the crop can be collected.

As another configuration, the container arranging portion includes a pair of arm portions that support the container, an elevating mechanism that raises and lowers the pair of the arm portions, and a spacing changing mechanism that changes the spacing between the pair of the arm portions. The spacing changing mechanism may be configured to be freely switchable between a support spacing in which the bottom of the container can be supported by the pair of arms and an opening spacing separated from the outer wall of the container.

According to this, since the container arranging portion is configured to include a pair of arm portions, an elevating mechanism, and an interval changing mechanism, when arranging the container in the standby position in the collection position, the container in the collection position is used. After taking it out, the placement is completed simply by lowering the container in the standby position by the elevating mechanism. After this, by switching the pair of arm portions to the opening interval and raising them, it is possible to return the pair of arm portions to the standby position without contacting the container.

It is a side view of a harvester. It is a top view which shows the elevating structure of an arm part. It is a side view of the state where a pair of arm portions support a container in a standby position. It is a side view of a state in which a pair of arm portions is lowered and the opening interval is set. It is a rear view of the state where the container is arranged in the collection position and the standby position. It is a rear view when the container of the standby position is lowered to the collection position.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a harvester for onions, which is an example of a harvester. This harvester is configured to pick up and harvest onions A (an example of a crop) that have been dug out of field G and placed in field G. That is, the harvesting work with this harvester is performed after digging the onion A (crops) buried in the field G with a digging machine (not shown) and placing it in the dug out position for several days to dry it.

In addition, the harvester may perform the work of pulling out the onion A in the ground of the field G, and for example, after this work, the foliage portion and the onion A may be separated and harvested.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, etc., F indicates the "forward direction" of the harvester, B indicates the "rear direction", U indicates the "upward direction", and D indicates the "downward direction". .. Further, R indicates "to the right" of the harvester, and L indicates "to the left".

(Overall composition of the harvester)
As shown in FIG. 1, the harvester is provided with a left and right crawler type traveling device 1 on the machine body 10, a harvesting part 2 on the front side of the machine body 10, and a transporting part 3 on the rear side of the harvesting part 2. And the collection unit 4 are provided in this order, and a container arrangement unit S for arranging the container C in the collection unit 4 at a position adjacent to the collection unit 4 is provided.

This harvester is provided with a driving unit 6 having a driver's seat 6a on the right front portion of the machine body 10, and a working deck 7 as an auxiliary working unit is provided on the left and right lateral sides of the transport unit 3 on the working deck 7. It is equipped with an auxiliary seat 7a.

This harvester has a scraping section 2a that picks up and scrapes the onion A in the field G at the front end portion of the harvesting section 2, and a conveyor section 2b that transports the onion A from the scraping section 2a to the upper rear side. It is configured with.

Further, the transport section 3 is configured to include a conveyor that feeds the onions A sent out from the rear end portion of the harvest section 2 to the rear in a horizontal posture. As described above, the work decks 7 are arranged on the left and right sides of the transport unit 3 in a plan view.

At the rear position of the machine body 10, a support frame 12 that supports the bottom of the container C set (arranged) at the collection position is provided. The recovery section 4 is configured by the support frame 12, and by supporting the container C on the support frame 12 in a mounted state, the container C is held at the recovery position and discharged from the rear end position 3a of the transport section 3. Enables the collection of onions A.

The container C has a structure that is open upward by having a bottom wall that is rectangular in a plan view and four side walls. In particular, in this embodiment, an opening is formed in the bottom wall so that a fork of a forklift (not shown) can be inserted.

With this configuration, the container C is set at the collection position, and the harvester's body 10 is advanced by the left and right crawler-type traveling devices 1 while the harvesting section 2 and the transport section 3 are operated. The onion A of G can be picked up by the harvesting unit 2, and the picked up onion A can be lifted upward and delivered to the transport unit 3.

The transport unit 3 transports the onion A to the rear, and at the time of this transport, the auxiliary worker seated on the auxiliary seats 7a of the left and right work decks 7 is among the onions A transported by the transport unit 3. Sorting work to take out defective items and soil lumps becomes possible. Then, the onion A transported by the transport unit 3 is discharged from the rear end position 3a (transport end position) and collected in the container C of the collection unit 4.

[Container placement section]
The container arranging unit S can hold the container C in the standby position U directly above the collection position D as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, and holds the container C held in the standby position U as shown in FIG. It is configured so that it can be linearly lowered and placed at the collection position D of the collection unit 4.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the container arranging portion S includes a pair of arm portions 15 that support the container C in a form of contacting the bottom wall of the container C, and raises and lowers the pair of arm portions 15 up and down. It is configured to include a mechanism Sa and an interval changing mechanism Sb for changing the interval between the pair of arm portions 15.

In particular, the spacing changing mechanism Sb switches between a support spacing that allows the pair of arm portions 15 to support the bottom of the container C as shown in FIG. 3 and an opening spacing that separates from the outer wall of the container C as shown in FIG. It is freely configured.

The elevating mechanism Sa is a pair of vertical frames 16 in a posture of standing up from one side (left side in the embodiment) of the support frame 12 in the left-right direction, and a pair of vertically movablely supported vertical frames 16 with respect to each vertical frame 16. It is provided with an elevating frame 17.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the left and right elevating frames 17 are connected by upper and lower connecting frames 17a and 17b in a horizontal posture, and these connecting frames 17a and 17ba can be moved up and down with respect to a pair of vertical frames 16. Is supported by. In this elevating mechanism Sa, a steel material having a C-shaped cross section is used for the vertical frame 16, and the connecting frames 17a and 17b are supported by rollers rotatably housed in the internal space of the vertical frame 16.

The connecting frames 17a and 17b of the elevating frame 17 are connected to a part of the chain 14 arranged in a vertical direction, and the operating direction of the chain 14 is switched by switching the rotation direction of the elevating motor 14a that drives the chain 14. Is switched, and the elevating operation of the elevating frame 17 is realized.

The connecting frames 17a and 17b of the pair of elevating frames 17 are provided with a pair of guide frames 18 that are movable in the front-rear direction (horizontal direction in FIGS. 3 and 4) of the machine body with respect to the elevating frame 17. The base end of the arm portion 15 is supported on the upper end side of the guide frame 18. Further, the base end of the reinforcing frame 15a for reinforcing the arm portion 15 is supported on the lower end side of each guide frame 18.

As a result, by moving the left and right guide frames 18 along the connecting frames 17a and 17b, the pair of arm portions 15 is in the front-rear direction of the machine body with respect to the vertical frame 16 (left-right direction in FIGS. 3 and 4). It becomes movable.

The spacing change mechanism Sb includes a screw shaft 19 whose both ends are rotatably supported by a pair of front and rear elevating frames 17, a nut 20 screwed into the screw shaft 19, and a spacing control motor 21 for driving the screw shaft 19. It is configured with. In particular, the nut 20 is provided on the intermediate frame 18a that connects the arm portion 15 and the reinforcing frame 15a while connecting to the guide frame 18.

In this spacing changing mechanism Sb, the screw shaft 19 forms a screw portion between the front position and the rear position in the opposite direction from the center in the front-rear direction. That is, the screw shaft 19 has a structure in which a right-handed screw and a left-handed screw are combined.

From such a configuration, when the screw shaft 19 is rotated in one direction by the interval control motor 21, the interval between the pair of arm portions 15 is expanded, and the interval between the pair of arm portions 15 is increased by rotating in the opposite direction. to shrink. Further, the machine body 10 is provided with a control device (not shown) for controlling the elevating motor 14a of the elevating mechanism Sa and the interval control motor 21 of the interval changing mechanism Sb for changing the interval of the pair of arm portions 15.

[Harvesting work form]
From such a configuration, when performing the harvesting work, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the container C is set at the collection position D, and the container C is arranged at the standby position U with the harvesting unit 2. The machine body 10 is advanced while driving the transport unit 3.

As a result, the onion A exposed on the surface of the field G is taken into the harvesting section 2 and delivered to the transport section 3. When the onion A is transported by the transport unit 3, the auxiliary worker of the work deck 7 selects the onion A, and the onion A transported by the transport unit 3 is from the rear end position 3a of the transport unit 3 to the collection position D. It is collected while falling inside the container C.

When the container C at the collection position reaches the full state by continuing such work, the running of the aircraft 10 is temporarily stopped, the container C at the collection position D is taken out by a forklift or the like, and then the container C is taken out. By the operation of the container arranging unit S, the container C in the standby position U is lowered to the collection position D, and the harvesting operation is restarted.

Further, when the container C is in the standby position U, as shown in FIG. 3, the pair of arm portions 15 are at a support interval that can support the bottom portion of the container C by the interval changing mechanism Sb. After the container C at the collection position D is taken out as described above, the container C at the standby position U is lowered, and the bottom portion of the container C is placed on the upper surface of the support frame 12. As a result, the container C is set at the collection position D.

After setting the container C at the collection position D in this way, as shown in FIG. 4, the interval of the pair of arm portions 15 is set to the open interval by the interval changing mechanism Sb, and then the pair of arm portions 15 are raised. As a result, the pair of arm portions 15 can be raised without contacting the container C. After the pair of arm portions 15 reaches the standby position U due to this rise, the distance between the pair of arm portions 15 is returned to the support interval, so that the container C can be supported by the pair of arm portions 15 from the outside. ..

In particular, when the container C is moved from the standby position U to the collection position D, the container C is moved linearly downward, so that the container C can be moved by using its own weight, and the arrangement is arranged. It can be done in a short time, and the interruption time of work is shortened.

Further, when the container C is placed in the standby position U after the container C is moved from the standby position U to the collection position D, the container C is moved to the pair of arm portions 15 in the ascending state by using a forklift. You may put it on.

[Another Embodiment]
The present invention may be configured as follows in addition to the above-described embodiments (those having the same functions as those of the embodiments are designated by the same numbers and reference numerals as those of the embodiments).

(A) The container arranging unit S can be configured to support two or more containers C at a standby position directly above the collection position D. By configuring the container arranging unit S in this way, it is possible to sequentially feed the plurality of containers C from the lower one to the collection position, and the interruption time of the harvesting work can be further shortened.

(B) In the embodiment, it is necessary to take out the container C at the collection position D by a forklift or the like, but instead of this, for example, the rear part of the machine body 10 is configured to be tilted downward. By doing so, it is possible to discharge the container C from which the onion A is collected to the field scene by its own weight. With such a configuration, it is possible to further reduce the time during which the harvesting work is interrupted.

(C) In the embodiment, the chain 14 is used as a configuration for raising and lowering the elevating frame 17, but it is also possible to use a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or a screw shaft instead of the chain 14.

(D) In the embodiment, the interval changing mechanism Sb operates the pair of arm portions 15 in the horizontal direction, but for example, the pair of arm portions 15 are configured to open and close by swinging. It is also conceivable to use a hydraulic cylinder instead of the electric motor as a configuration for swinging in this way.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a harvesting machine in which harvested crops are transported backward by a transport unit and collected by a collection unit at the rear of the machine body.

2 Harvesting section 3 Transport section 3a Rear end position 4 Recovery section 10 Aircraft 15 Arm section C Container S Container placement section Sa Lifting mechanism Sb Spacing mechanism G Field

Claims (1)

A harvesting section, which is located at the front of the aircraft and harvests crops in the field as the aircraft travels.
A transport section that transports the crops harvested in the harvest section to the rear side of the machine, and a transport section.
A collection unit that collects the crops discharged from the rear end position of the transport unit into a container placed at the collection position, and a collection unit.
The container can be held in a standby position immediately above the collection position, and is provided with a container arranging portion for linearly lowering the container held in the standby position and arranging the container in the collection position .
The container arranging portion includes a vertical frame provided in a vertical posture on one side of the machine in the horizontal direction, an elevating frame that can move up and down along the vertical frame, and the machine from the elevating frame. It is provided with an elevating mechanism having a pair of arm portions capable of contacting the bottom wall of the container and supporting the container by projecting in the lateral width direction of the container.
The container arranging portion includes a spacing changing mechanism for changing the spacing between the pair of arm portions.
After the container in the collection position is taken out, the container arranging portion arranges the container in the standby position in the collection position by lowering the pair of the arm portions, and then the pair of the arms. A harvester that expands the unit to an opening interval away from the outer wall of the container, rises to the standby position, and reduces it to a support interval that can support the container .

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