JP2019147948A - 煤処理特性を有するグラフトポリマー - Google Patents
煤処理特性を有するグラフトポリマー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2019147948A JP2019147948A JP2019029608A JP2019029608A JP2019147948A JP 2019147948 A JP2019147948 A JP 2019147948A JP 2019029608 A JP2019029608 A JP 2019029608A JP 2019029608 A JP2019029608 A JP 2019029608A JP 2019147948 A JP2019147948 A JP 2019147948A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxazoline
- olefin copolymer
- alkyl
- acid
- phenyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 title 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 alkoxyl aralkyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 84
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-aminodiphenylamine Chemical group C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- NYEZZYQZRQDLEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CCC1=NCCO1 NYEZZYQZRQDLEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZXTHWIZHGLNEPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound O1CCN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXTHWIZHGLNEPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HZRZMHNRCSIQFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethyl-5h-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC1=NC(C)(C)CO1 HZRZMHNRCSIQFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SWYMJLYPXAXHBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)propan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(C)C1=NCCO1 SWYMJLYPXAXHBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GPBCTHQIXXYBHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-5h-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC1(C)COC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GPBCTHQIXXYBHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GUXJXWKCUUWCLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-oxazoline Chemical compound CC1=NCCO1 GUXJXWKCUUWCLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VJTZHXQAZLGBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-n-phenylbenzene-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 VJTZHXQAZLGBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KOAMXHRRVFDWRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethyl-5h-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC1(C)COC=N1 KOAMXHRRVFDWRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- YFSGRMONVCFYTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-Dihydro-2,4,5-trimethyloxazole Chemical compound CC1OC(C)C(C)=N1 YFSGRMONVCFYTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005805 dimethoxy phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 88
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 40
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 33
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 26
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 20
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 16
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 11
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 8
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 7
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004457 alkyl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 4
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 4
- 150000005671 trienes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- FGURMUFTHTVTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-4,4-dimethyl-5h-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CCC1=NC(C)(C)CO1 FGURMUFTHTVTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005196 alkyl carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003435 aroyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005126 aryl alkyl carbonyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005100 aryl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004658 aryl carbonyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanediamide Chemical group NC(=O)CCC(N)=O SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000005390 cinnolyl group Chemical group N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005167 cycloalkylaminocarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- NVTPMUHPCAUGCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCOP(O)(O)=O NVTPMUHPCAUGCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium polysulfide Chemical compound [Na+].S HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSCl FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003558 thiocarbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKSDGJDHHZEWEP-SNAWJCMRSA-N trans-3-coumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 KKSDGJDHHZEWEP-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical class FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M149/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
- C08F255/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms on to ethene-propene copolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
-
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
- C08F8/32—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups by reaction with amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/48—Isomerisation; Cyclisation
-
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M149/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/024—Propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
-
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/082—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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Abstract
Description
一態様では、本明細書の潤滑剤添加剤は、下式Iのオキサゾリンまたはその誘導体などのオキサゾリン由来のキャッピング剤を含み、
本開示の潤滑油添加剤はまたアミン官能化されている。一手法では、潤滑剤添加剤は、下記のアミン官能化アシル化オレフィンコポリマーなどの分散剤粘度調整剤であってよい。アミン官能化は、1つ以上の第1級および/または第2級アリールアミン、および任意に、1つ以上の第1級および/または第2級アルキルアミンを含み得る。
上記のように、潤滑剤添加剤は、一手法では、アシル化オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤であり得る。そのような手法において、オレフィンコポリマーは、エチレンと3〜18個の炭素原子の、例えば3〜5個の、3〜10個の、3〜15個の、5〜10個の、8〜12個の、10〜15個のまたは10〜18個の、炭素原子を有するアルキレンとのコポリマー骨格を有することができる。いくつかの手法では、アルキレンは、プロピレン、イソプロピレン、ブチレン、イソブチレン、n−ペンチレン、イソペンチレン、および/またはネオペンチレン、ならびにそれらの混合物であり得る。
他の手法では、本明細書の潤滑添加剤は、式Vのヒドロカルビル置換ジカルボン酸無水物誘導体などの分散剤であってよく、
本明細書で使用されるとき、用語「有効濃度」は、煤入り基油に対し、基油中の煤粒子が十分に分散されていることを示す、ニュートン挙動を示すのに必要な粘度調整剤の濃度を指す。
本開示の分散剤粘度指数調整剤および/または分散剤は、大部分の基油とブレンドすることができる。エンジン潤滑油組成物および/または金属加工組成物(または他の潤滑組成物)の配合に使用するのに適した基油は、任意の適切な合成油、動物油、植物油、鉱油またはそれらの混合物から選択できる。動物油および植物油(例えばラード油、ヒマシ油)、ならびに液体石油および溶媒処理または酸処理されたパラフィン系、ナフテン系または混合パラフィン−ナフテン型の鉱物潤滑油などの鉱物潤滑油を使用することができる。石炭または頁岩由来の油もまた有用であり得る。基油は、典型的には、100℃で約2〜約15cSt、またはさらなる例として、約2〜約10cStの粘度を有し得る。さらに、ガスツーリキッド(gas−to−liquid)プロセスから誘導される油もまた適切である。
上記の分散剤反応生成物と共に使用することができる金属清浄剤は、一般に、極性頭部が酸性有機化合物の金属塩を含む、長い疎水性尾部を有する極性頭部を含む。塩は実質的に化学量論量の金属を含有していてもよく、その場合それらは通常は正塩のまたは中性塩として記載され、典型的には約0〜約150未満の全塩基価またはTBN(ASTM D2896により測定)を有する。酸化物または水酸化物のような過剰の金属化合物と二酸化炭素のような酸性ガスとを反応させることによって大量の金属塩基を含ませることができる。得られる過塩基化洗浄剤は、無機金属塩基(例えば、水和炭酸塩)のコアを囲む中和された洗浄剤のミセルを含む。そのような過塩基性洗浄剤は、約150以上、例えば約150〜約450以上のTBNを有することができる。
リン系摩耗防止剤を使用することができ、金属ジヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェート化合物、例えばこれに限定されないが、亜鉛ジヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェート化合物を含むことができる。適切な金属ジヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェートは、ジヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェート金属塩を含むことができ、ここで金属はアルカリもしくはアルカリ土類金属、またはアルミニウム、鉛、スズ、モリブデン、マンガン、ニッケル、銅もしくは亜鉛であり得る。
本開示の実施形態は、1つ以上の摩擦調整剤を含み得る。好適な摩擦調整剤は、金属含有および金属を含まない摩擦調整剤を含み得、これらには、イミダゾリン、アミド、アミン、スクシンイミド、アルコキシル化アミン、アルコキシル化エーテルアミン、アミンオキシド、アミドアミン、ニトリル、ベタイン、第4級アミン、イミン、アミン塩、アミノグアナジン(guanadine)、アルカノールアミド、ホスホネート、金属含有化合物、グリセロールエステルなどを挙げることができるが、これらに限定されない。
いくつかの実施形態において、消泡剤は、組成物中での使用に適した他の成分を形成し得る。消泡剤は、シリコーン、ポリアクリレートなどから選択することができる。本明細書に記載のエンジン潤滑剤配合物中の消泡剤の量は、配合物の全重量に基づいて約0.001重量%〜約0.1重量%の範囲であり得る。さらなる例として、消泡剤は、約0.004重量%〜約0.008重量%の量で存在してもよい。
酸化防止剤または抗酸化剤は、使用中にベースストックが劣化する傾向を低減し、その劣化は、金属表面に堆積するスラッジおよびワニス状堆積物などの酸化生成物および完成した潤滑剤の粘度増大によって証明され得る。このような酸化防止剤には、ヒンダードフェノール、ヒンダード硫化フェノール、C5〜C12アルキル側鎖を有するアルキルフェノールチオエステルのアルカリ土類金属塩、硫化アルキルフェノール、硫化または非硫化アルキルフェノールのいずれかの金属塩、例えばカルシウムノニルフェノールスルフィド、無灰油溶性フェネートおよび硫化フェネート、リン硫化または硫化炭化水素、リンエステル、金属チオカルバメート、および米国特許第4,867,890号に記載されているような、油溶性銅化合物が挙げられる。
本明細書に記載の反応は、一般に、オーバーヘッド攪拌器、水分除去凝縮器、温度プローブ、および窒素供給を備えた500mLのフラスコ中で行った。必要に応じて、反応物を、イソマントル(isomantle)を用いて加熱した。
本開示の分散剤オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤は、以下のスキーム1に示される手順によって調製することができる。具体的には、オレフィンコポリマーにアシル化剤(例えば、無水マレイン酸(Sigma Aldrich))をグラフトする。アシルグラフト化は、ジクミルペルオキシド(Sigma Aldrich)などのラジカル開始剤を使用してオレフィン結合から生成される炭素ラジカルを使用するなど、当業者に知られている適切な技術を用いて達成することができる。他のラジカル開始剤は当業者に知られている。グラフトされた酸または無水物は、次いで、本明細書に記載のポリアミン化合物とのカップリング化学反応(酸の場合)または脱水反応(無水物の場合)を受け得る。次いでアミンを式Iのオキサゾリン(Sigma Aldrichから入手可能)でキャッピングすることができ、式中、R1、R2、およびR3は本明細書で定義され、一般的に以下に示される。
高度にグラフト化された多官能性中分子量粘度調整剤(比較ポリマー1)の調製:
高度にグラフト化された多官能性高分子量粘度調整剤(比較ポリマー2)の調製。高分子量多官能性オレフィンコポリマーは、文献中に前に記載されているおよび比較例1に記載されているものと同じ一般的方法により調製した。
高度にグラフト化された多官能性中分子量粘度調整剤(本発明のポリマー1)の2−フェニル−2−オキサゾリンによる後官能化
高度にグラフト化された多官能性高分子量粘度調整剤(本発明のポリマー2)の2−フェニル−2−オキサゾリンによる後官能化
高度にグラフト化された多官能性高分子量粘度調整剤(本発明のポリマー3)の2−エチル−2−オキサゾリンによる後官能化
高度にグラフト化された多官能性高分子量粘度調整剤(本発明のポリマー4)の2−エチル−2−オキサゾリンによる後官能化
この実施例は、上記比較例および本発明実施例のキャッピングされたおよびキャッピングされない添加剤を含む潤滑油の分散剤性能を評価する。
シール性能試験は、エンジンのフルオロエラストマーシールの寿命に関するさまざまな潤滑剤成分の影響を評価するために使用されるスクリーニング手順である。フルオロエラストマー性能試験は、ASTM D471 12a、ASTM412 06a、ASTM D2240 05、およびASTM D5662 14に基づき、これらは参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。添加剤またはポリマー成分の化学的性質および大きさに応じて、これらはエラストマー中に拡散および/またはエラストマーと相互作用し、それによってそれらの寿命を短くする可能性がある。処理量を下げると、より高い処理量に関連するいくつかの利点が失われることがある。
Claims (15)
- (i)1つ以上の第1級および/または第2級アリールアミン、1つ以上の第1級および/または第2級アルキルアミン、またはこれらの混合物を含む、アミン官能化アシル化オレフィンコポリマーと、(ii)オキサゾリンまたはその誘導体と、の反応生成物を含み、前記オキサゾリンまたはその誘導体が、前記第1級および/または第2級アミンの窒素に対するキャッピング剤である、多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤。
- 前記1つ以上の第1級および/または第2級アリールアミンが立体障害性窒素を含む、請求項1に記載の多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤。
- 前記オキサゾリンまたはその誘導体が、2−フェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−エチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−メチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−ベンジル−4,4−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−エチル−4,4−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン、2,4,4−トリメチル−2−オキサゾリン、4,4−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン、2,4,5−トリメチル−3−オキサゾリン、2−(2,6−ジメトキシフェニル)−4,4−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−[1−(ヒドロキシメチル)エチル]オキサゾリン、これらの混合物、およびこれらの誘導体から選択される、請求項1に記載の多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤。
- 前記オキサゾリンまたはその誘導体が、2、4、および5位にまたはそれらの組み合わせにペンダント基を含み、かつ前記ペンダント基が、複素環式芳香族、C1〜C32のヒドロカルビル基、およびこれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1に記載の多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤。
- 前記アミン官能化アシル化オレフィンコポリマーが、前記オレフィンコポリマーの数平均分子量単位約1000当たり約0.1〜約0.8のカルボキシル基を有し、かつ前記オレフィンコポリマーが約5,000〜約150,000の数平均分子量を有する、請求項1に記載の多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤。
- 前記アミン官能化が、下記式のN−アリールフェニレンジアミンから得られ、
- 前記アシル化オレフィンコポリマーが、エチレンと1つ以上のC3〜C18アルファ−オレフィンとのコポリマー、ならびに少なくとも1つのエチレン結合と、少なくとも1つのカルボン酸基もしくはその無水物基、または前記オレフィンコポリマーと反応したカルボキシル基に変換可能な極性基とを有する、グラフトエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸材料から誘導される、請求項1に記載の多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤。
- 前記エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸材料が、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、ケイ皮酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、またはこれらの無水物誘導体から選択される、請求項7に記載の多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤。
- 請求項1に記載の多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤を含む添加剤濃縮物。
- 主要量の潤滑粘性のある基油と、
少量の多官能性オレフィンコポリマー粘度調整剤であって、(i)1つ以上の第1級および/または第2級アリールアミン、1つ以上の第1級および/または第2級アルキルアミン、またはそれらの混合物を含むアミン官能化アシル化オレフィンコポリマーと、(ii)オキサゾリンまたはその誘導体との反応生成物を含み、前記オキサゾリンまたはその誘導体が、前記第1級および/または第2級アミンの窒素に対するキャッピング剤である、粘度調整剤と、を含む潤滑剤。 - 前記1つ以上の第1級および/または第2級アリールアミンが立体障害性窒素を含む、請求項10に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記オキサゾリンまたはその誘導体が、2−フェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−エチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−メチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−ベンジル−4,4−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−エチル−4,4−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン、2,4,4−トリメチル−2−オキサゾリン、4,4−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン、2,4,5−トリメチル−3−オキサゾリン、2−(2,6−ジメトキシフェニル)−4,4−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−[1−(ヒドロキシメチル)エチル]オキサゾリン、これらの混合物、およびこれらの誘導体から選択される、請求項10に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記オキサゾリンまたはその誘導体が、2、4、および5位にまたはこれらの組み合わせにペンダント基を含み、かつ前記ペンダント基が、複素環式芳香族、C1〜C32のヒドロカルビル基、およびこれらの混合物から選択される、請求項10に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記アミン官能化アシル化オレフィンコポリマーが、前記オレフィンコポリマーの数平均分子量単位約1000当たり約0.1〜約0.8のカルボキシル基を有し、かつ前記オレフィンコポリマーが約5,000〜約150,000の数平均分子量を有する、請求項10に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記アミン官能化が、下記式のN−アリールフェニレンジアミンから得られ、
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US10899989B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2021-01-26 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Amino acid grafted polymer with soot handling properties |
US11046908B2 (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2021-06-29 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Oxazoline modified dispersants |
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CN110194984B (zh) | 2022-09-23 |
US20190264126A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
EP3530678B1 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
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EP3530678A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
CN110194984A (zh) | 2019-09-03 |
CA3034497A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
US10851324B2 (en) | 2020-12-01 |
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