JP2019138051A - Waterproof sheet laying device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a waterproof sheet laying device that can lay a long-span waterproof sheet at a time by preventing restraint on an outer peripheral surface of the waterproof sheet and has high construction efficiency.SOLUTION: A waterproof sheet laying device 1 of the present invention comprises: a frame body 20 having a substantially semi-cylindrical outer peripheral surface corresponding to a primary lining surface of a tunnel; and a base 10 arranged inside the frame body 20 and capable of approaching the frame body 20 to the primary lining surface of the tunnel. A part of the frame body 20 including at least a top has a partial support structure 30 capable of supporting a waterproof sheet S in a dotted or linear shape. In a state where the waterproof sheet S is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20, a gap portion A can be secured in the partial support structure 30.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet laying device, and more particularly to a waterproof sheet laying device that can lay a long-span waterproof sheet at a time by preventing restraint on the outer peripheral surface of the waterproof sheet and has high construction efficiency.

In mountain tunnel construction, in order to ensure the waterproofness of the tunnel, a sheet waterproofing work in which a waterproof sheet is laid on the inner wall of the tunnel after the primary lining is being standardized.
Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for deploying a waterproof sheet on the outer peripheral surface of a mobile carriage and injecting a coagulant between the waterproof sheet and the primary lining surface to fix the waterproof sheet to the tunnel inner wall in the sheet waterproofing work. Has been.
Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose specific techniques for deploying a waterproof sheet on the outer peripheral surface of a movable carriage in a sheet waterproofing work.
In Patent Document 2, a waterproof sheet wound in a roll shape is placed on a receiving base with a feed roller, and this is placed on the ground on the side of the moving carriage, and the waterproof sheet is unwound to the opposite side while being fed out by the feed roller. A circumferentially deployable technology that deploys along the outer peripheral surface of a moving carriage by towing is disclosed.
In Patent Document 3, a waterproof sheet that is folded inward and outward in the longitudinal direction and then folded inward and outward in the width direction is disposed at the front end portion on the side of the moving carriage, and this is pulled by a winch to the opposite side to the outer periphery of the moving carriage. A longitudinally deployable technique is disclosed that spans and then unfolds and deploys rearward from the front end of the moving carriage.

JP 2002-21492 A JP 2017-57560 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-69862

All of the conventional techniques include a step of deploying the waterproof sheet on the outer peripheral surface of the movable carriage by pulling the waterproof sheet with a winch or the like. However, actual deployment work of the waterproof sheet is not as easy as disclosed in these patent documents.
Since the waterproof sheet comes into surface contact with the outer peripheral surface of the movable carriage, the frictional resistance between the waterproof sheet and the outer peripheral surface increases as the waterproof sheet spreads. Further, since the inside of the tunnel pit has high humidity and the outer peripheral surface of the mobile carriage is likely to get wet with water, the waterproof sheet sticks to the outer peripheral surface of the mobile carriage wet by atmospheric pressure or surface tension and is restrained.

From the above, the prior art has the following problems.
<1> To prevent restraint of the waterproof sheet, work such as wiping off water droplets on the outer peripheral surface with a waste cloth or developing the sheet manually by an operator is necessary.
<2> When the waterproof sheet constrained on the outer peripheral surface is forcibly pulled by a winch or the like, the waterproof sheet is damaged. Therefore, there is a practical limit to the area of the waterproof sheet that can be pulled, and a long span waterproof sheet cannot be laid at a time.
<3> In recent mountain tunnel construction, rapid construction is required, and despite the fact that construction has been accelerated in each process such as excavation and secondary lining, sheet waterproofers are bottled. This hinders the speeding up of the entire construction.

  The objective of this invention is providing the waterproof sheet laying apparatus which can solve the subject of the above prior arts.

A waterproof sheet laying device of the present invention for solving the above-described problems includes a frame and a base, and has a partial support structure in a part including at least a top portion of the frame, and the partial support structure and the waterproof sheet It is characterized by being able to ensure a space | gap part between.
According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the waterproof sheet from being restrained when the waterproof sheet is deployed, and to reduce the dynamic friction and facilitate the deployment work.

The waterproof sheet laying device of the present invention is characterized in that the partial support structure is a plurality of support convex portions.
According to this structure, the dynamic friction of a waterproof sheet can be reduced by the point contact of a support convex part.

The waterproof sheet laying device of the present invention is characterized in that the support convex portion has a feeding surface that is inclined to the rear side of the frame.
According to this configuration, since the feeding surface smoothly feeds the waterproof sheet to the rear, the waterproof sheet can be expanded more easily.

The waterproof sheet laying device of the present invention is characterized in that the partial support structure is a plurality of support wires.
According to this configuration, since the waterproof sheet is guided in the longitudinal direction of the frame body, it is possible to prevent the waterproof sheet from being biased in the circumferential direction.

In the waterproof sheet laying device of the present invention, the partial support structure is a plurality of rotatable support ball portions.
According to this structure, since a frame has high smoothness, the expansion | deployment operation | work of a waterproof sheet can be made easier.

The waterproof sheet laying device of the present invention is characterized in that the partial support structure is configured to protrude freely on the outer peripheral surface of the frame.
According to this configuration, the restraint of the waterproof sheet can be released at a necessary timing.

With the above configuration, the waterproof sheet laying device of the present invention has at least one of the following effects.
<1> Since the gap can be secured in the gap between the support protrusion and the support rail, the waterproof sheet can be prevented from sticking due to atmospheric pressure when the waterproof sheet is deployed.
<2> Since the waterproof sheet is partially supported by the support convex part and the support rail, the dynamic friction at the time of developing the waterproof sheet can be reduced, and the deployment work becomes easy.
<3> Since the waterproof sheet can be easily developed and restrained, it is possible to lay a long-span waterproof sheet that has been difficult in the past. For this reason, construction efficiency is very good.
<4> By increasing the construction efficiency of the sheet waterproofing work that has become the bottleneck of the overall process, the overall work period is shortened and rapid construction can be realized.

Explanatory drawing of the waterproof sheet laying apparatus of this invention. Explanatory drawing of a partial support structure. Explanatory drawing of a support convex part. Explanatory drawing of a waterproof sheet. Explanatory drawing of the laying method of a waterproof sheet. Explanatory drawing of Example 2. FIG. Explanatory drawing of Example 4. FIG.

  Hereinafter, the waterproof sheet laying device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, each direction such as “up”, “down”, “left”, and “right” indicates each direction in a state where the longitudinal direction of the waterproof sheet laying device is arranged in the pit along the extension direction of the tunnel.

[Waterproof sheet laying device]
<1> Overall configuration (FIG. 1).
The waterproof sheet laying device 1 of the present invention is a device that lays a waterproof sheet S on the inner wall of a tunnel after primary lining. Here, laying the waterproof sheet means that the waterproof sheet S developed on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 is fixed to the primary lining surface of the tunnel through the filler.
The waterproof sheet laying device 1 includes a base 10 that can move in the longitudinal direction in the tunnel, a substantially semi-cylindrical frame 20 that covers the top of the base 10, a partial support structure 30 provided on the frame 20, At least.
In this example, a movable formwork (slide centle) is adopted for the base 10 and the frame 20, and the waterproof sheet laying device 1 is configured by attaching the partial support structure 30 and the traction device 40 thereto.
The waterproof sheet laying device 1 according to the present invention includes the partial support structure 30 in the frame body 20, thereby reducing the dynamic frictional resistance by reducing the contact area between the frame body 20 and the waterproof sheet S when the waterproof sheet S is deployed. By securing the gap A in the partial support structure 30, the waterproof sheet S can be prevented from being attached due to atmospheric pressure or surface tension.

<1.1> Waterproof sheet.
The waterproof sheet S laid by the waterproof sheet laying device 1 of the present invention will be described.
In this example, as the waterproof sheet S, a sheet material in which a long fiber nonwoven fabric is bonded to one surface of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA) sheet is employed.
The width of the waterproof sheet S corresponds to the outer peripheral length of the frame body 20, and the length corresponds to the length of the frame body 20, that is, the length from the front end to the rear end of the frame body 20.
Note that the structure of the waterproof sheet S is not limited to this, and other known various sheet materials may be employed as long as the waterproof sheet S has predetermined water shielding performance and strength.

<2> Base.
The base 10 is a base portion of the waterproof sheet laying device 1.
The base 10 is a frame-shaped body formed by connecting a plurality of substantially gate-shaped support frames 11 in the longitudinal direction.
Above the support frame 11, there are a plurality of support columns 12 that support the frame body 20 so as to be movable up and down.
A plurality of support arms 13 that support the frame 20 so as to be widened are provided on the sides of the support frame 11.
Below the support frame 11, there are wheels 14. The vehicle can travel on the rails laid on the ground by the wheels 14 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
Since the other structure of the base 10 is known as a so-called slide center base, it will not be described in detail here.

<3> A frame.
The frame 20 is an outer shell of the waterproof sheet laying device 1.
The frame 20 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape and has an outer peripheral surface corresponding to the primary lining surface of the tunnel.
The frame body 20 is composed of a plurality of divided frame bodies that are hinged in the vicinity of both shoulder portions and both lower end portions, and the frame body 20 can be widened by extending the support arm 13 of the base 10.
A partial support structure 30 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20.
Since the other structure of the frame 20 is known as a so-called slide centle frame, it will not be described in detail here.

<4> Partial support structure (FIG. 2).
The partial support structure 30 is a structure that partially supports the inner surface of the waterproof sheet S in the step of developing the waterproof sheet S on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20.
In this example, a plurality of support protrusions 31 are provided on the entire outer peripheral surface of the frame 20 as the partial support structure 30. Specifically, a sheet body in which a plurality of support convex portions 31 are continuously arranged on one surface is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20.
Although the support convex part 31 is demonstrated in this example, the partial support structure 30 is not restricted to this, For example, structures, such as a linear shape, a spherical shape, a lattice frame shape, a roller shape, and the fabric shape which has an unevenness | corrugation, may be sufficient. In short, any structure that can partially support the inner surface of the waterproof sheet S may be used.
Note that “providing” the partial support structure 30 on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 means that the sheet having the partial support structure 30 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 and is partially supported on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20. It includes attaching the structure 30 directly, processing the surface shape of the frame 20 itself into the partial support structure 30, and the like.
Further, the partial support structure 30 may be provided not only on the entire outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 but only on the upper portion from the shoulder portion. What is necessary is just to provide in a part including the top part of the frame 20 at least.

<4.1> Support convex part (FIG. 3).
The support convex part 31 is a component which supports the waterproof sheet S by point contact.
In this example, a substantially conical cone is employed as the support convex portion 31.
The support protrusions 31 are integrally formed on a heat-flexible resin sheet by press work, and are arranged in a staggered manner at predetermined intervals.
A certain space extends between the adjacent support convex portions 31, and in a state where the waterproof sheet S is supported on the upper portion, this space becomes a gap A that prevents the waterproof sheet S from sticking.
Since the support convex portion 31 has a substantially conical shape, a feed surface 31a inclined at an angle α ° from the vertical axis toward the rear of the frame body 20 is formed on the peripheral surface thereof.
The waterproof sheet S can be smoothly fed out by the feeding surface 31a when deployed.

<4.2> Function of partial support structure.
The waterproof sheet laying device 1 of this example supports the waterproof sheet S by point contact by a plurality of support convex portions 31 instead of conventional surface contact in the process of developing the waterproof sheet S on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20.
For this reason, the dynamic friction accompanying expansion | deployment of the waterproof sheet S can be reduced, and it can be made to develop with less force.
Even if the frame 20 gets wet, water droplets flow between the support convex portions 31 and a gap portion A is secured between the water droplets and the waterproof sheet S, so that the waterproof sheet S is at atmospheric pressure or surface tension. It is possible to prevent the frame 20 from being stuck and restrained on the outer peripheral surface.

<5> Traction device.
The traction device 40 is a device that pulls the waterproof sheet S and deploys it on the frame body 20.
In this example, a combination of a plurality of electric winches and wires mounted on the base 10 is employed as the traction device 40.
Note that the traction device 40 may be mounted on the frame body 20 instead of the base 10. Alternatively, the waterproof sheet laying device 1 may be provided independently.

[How to lay waterproof sheets]
<1> Overall configuration.
The waterproof sheet laying method of the present invention includes an unfolding step of unfolding the waterproof sheet S, a proximity step of bringing the waterproof sheet S on the frame 20 close to the primary lining surface, and filling in which a filler is injected into the back surface of the waterproof sheet S And at least a process.
In this example, a longitudinal development type method of developing the waterproof sheet S in the longitudinal direction of the frame body 20 will be described, and the circumferential development type method will be described later as a second embodiment.

<1.1> The state before the unfolding process.
The waterproof sheet laying device 1 is disposed on the ground in a state in which the column 12 and the support arm 13 of the base 10 are shortened in the construction section of the sheet waterproofing work after the primary lining.
The waterproof sheet S is previously folded in two directions, the width direction W and the longitudinal direction L (FIG. 4). More specifically, the waterproof sheet S is first folded back and forth in the longitudinal direction L and folded into a plurality of layers, and then folded back and forth in the width direction W and folded into a plurality of layers.
The folded waterproof sheet S is installed on the ground near the front end on the side of the frame 20 with the width direction W and the longitudinal direction L aligned with the width direction and the longitudinal direction of the waterproof sheet laying device 1.
The upper end edge of the folded waterproof sheet S is pinched by a pinching member, and the wire connected to the pinching member is passed to the opposite side via the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 and connected to the traction device 40.

<2> Deployment process.
When the wire is wound by the winch of the pulling device 40, the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 is pulled in the circumferential direction while being spread in the width direction W, and is stretched over the outer peripheral surface (FIG. 1). After the transfer, the clamping member is removed from the waterproof sheet S.
One end edge of the waterproof sheet S spanned over the frame body 20 is fixed to the end portion of the frame body 20, and the waterproof sheet S is developed backward from the front end portion of the frame body 20 (FIG. 5). For deployment of the waterproof sheet S, a winch and a wire are used.
Alternatively, one end edge of the waterproof sheet S stretched over the frame body 20 is welded to the waterproof sheet S that has been fixed to the primary lining surface, and the waterproof sheet laying device 1 is moved in the tunnel longitudinal direction, whereby the frame 20 The waterproof sheet S may be automatically developed.
The deployment of the waterproof sheet S may be performed manually without using the traction device 40.
The waterproof sheet laying device 1 of the present invention prevents the waterproof sheet S from sticking to the frame body 20 due to atmospheric pressure or surface tension since the gap A is secured in the partial support structure 30 when the waterproof sheet S is deployed. be able to.
Further, the contact between the waterproof sheet S and the support convex portion 31 is a point contact, and the waterproof sheet S is smoothly fed rearward by the feeding surface 31a of the support convex portion 31, so that the dynamic friction is reduced and deployed with less force than before. can do.

<3> Proximity process.
When the waterproof sheet S is deployed on the front surface of the frame body 20, the strut 12 of the base 10 is raised and the support arm 13 is extended to expand the diameter of the frame body 20, and the waterproof sheet S on the frame body 20 is attached to the tunnel. Close to the primary lining surface.

<4> Filling step.
An air tube or the like is used to close both the bottom end and the lower end of the frame body 20 with an air tube, and an airtight filling space is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 and the primary lining surface so that the filler does not leak.
A filler is injected between the waterproof sheet S and the primary lining surface in the filling space. In this example, a known backfill material used in a shield tunnel is used as the filler.
The filler is injected by inserting an injection tube between the air tube of the frame 20 and the primary lining surface. In addition, the waterproof sheet S may be inserted through the inspection window of the frame 20 and the injection tube may be inserted into the filling space for injection.
When the filler is solidified, the waterproof sheet S is fixed to the primary lining surface via the filler, and the installation work of the waterproof sheet is completed.

[Example of circumferential expansion type (Fig. 6)]
An embodiment in which the waterproof sheet is developed in the circumferential direction of the frame will be described.
A roll rolled in the form of a long roll through the core B1 in the waterproof sheet S is rotatably arranged on the support base B, and the support base B is installed on the ground on the side of the waterproof sheet laying device 1 To do.
The length of the waterproof sheet S corresponds to the length of the frame body 20.
The starting edge of the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S is sandwiched between the clamping members at a plurality of positions.
The wire connected to the holding member is passed through the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 to the opposite side and connected to the traction device 40.
When the wire is wound up by the winch of the pulling device 40, the waterproof sheet S is pulled around the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 in the circumferential direction and developed.
Since the function and other steps of the partial support structure 30 are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

[Example of using support wires for the partial support structure (Fig. 2)]
The Example which employ | adopted the support filament to the partial support structure is described.
The support line 32 is a component that supports the waterproof sheet S by line contact.
The support line 32 is arranged along the longitudinal direction on the outer peripheral surface of the frame 20, and the plurality of support lines 32 are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the frame 20.
The support line 32 does not need to be continuous over the entire length of the frame body 20, and may be discontinuous or may be partially arranged.
The support line 32 may be a sheet provided with a plurality of rails, or the rail may be directly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20, or the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20 may be formed in a rail shape. Also good.
In this example, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, since the support filaments 32 guide the inner surface of the waterproof sheet S in the longitudinal direction, the waterproof sheet S can be prevented from being biased in the circumferential direction of the frame body 20 during deployment. .

[Example of using a support ball for the partial support structure (Fig. 7)]
An embodiment in which a support ball part is adopted as the partial support structure will be described.
The support ball portion 33 is a component that supports the waterproof sheet S by point contact with a sphere.
In this example, a ball bearing provided with a sphere 33a and a holding frame 33b is employed as the support sphere 33.
The holding frame 33b is a plate body having a holding hole in the center.
The spherical body 33 a is disposed in the holding frame 33 b with the upper portion exposed from the holding hole, and the holding frame 33 b is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20.
Thereby, the sphere 33a is rotatably held in the holding frame 33b.
In order to reduce the protruding height of the support sphere 33, the frame 20 may be provided with a recess for accommodating the lower portion of the sphere 33a.
Further, a plurality of small bearings may be disposed below the sphere 33a so as to rotate more smoothly.
In this example, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, by adding high smoothness of the ball bearing to the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20, the dynamic friction resistance in the operation of deploying the waterproof sheet S is greatly reduced, and the construction is easier. Can be.

[Example of partial support structure protruding freely]
An embodiment in which the partial support structure is configured to protrude freely will be described.
In this example, a plurality of accommodation holes are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20, and the support convex portion 31 is accommodated in each accommodation hole so as to protrude freely.
The means for projecting the support convex portion 31 is based on various mechanical means or gas pressure feeding.
Under normal conditions, the support protrusion 31 is held in the accommodation hole, and the outer peripheral surface of the frame 20 is smooth.
When the waterproof sheet S is unfolded or when the waterproof sheet S is restrained by wetting or the like during the unfolding operation, the support convex portion 31 is projected on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body 20.
As a result, the waterproof sheet S is pushed up and air flows into the inside, so that the restriction due to atmospheric pressure or surface tension can be released.
The partial support structure 30 is not limited to the support convex portion 31, and may be any structure such as a support line 32.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waterproof sheet laying apparatus 10 Base 11 Support frame 12 Support | pillar 13 Support arm 14 Wheel 20 Frame 30 Partial support structure 31 Support convex part 31a Feeding surface 32 Support line 33 Support ball part 33a Sphere 33b Holding frame 40 Towing device S Waterproof Sheet A Cavity B Support stand B1 Winding core

Claims (6)

A waterproof sheet laying device for laying a waterproof sheet on a tunnel inner wall after primary lining,
A frame having a substantially semi-cylindrical outer peripheral surface corresponding to the primary lining surface of the tunnel;
A base that is arranged inside the frame and is capable of bringing the frame close to a primary lining surface of a tunnel;
Of the frame body, at least a part including the top part has a partial support structure capable of supporting the waterproof sheet in a dotted or linear shape,
In a state where the waterproof sheet is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the frame body, it is configured to be able to ensure a void in the partial support structure,
Tarpaulin laying device.   The waterproof sheet laying device according to claim 1, wherein the partial support structure is a plurality of support convex portions arranged on an outer peripheral surface of the frame body.   The waterproof sheet laying device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of supporting convex portions have a feeding surface inclined toward the rear side of the frame body.   The partial support structure is a plurality of support wires arranged in parallel on the outer peripheral surface of the frame, and the plurality of support wires extend along a longitudinal direction of the frame. The waterproof sheet laying device according to claim 1.   The partial support structure is a plurality of support spheres arranged on the frame, the support sphere has a sphere and a holding frame, and the holding frame exposes the upper part of the sphere. The waterproof sheet laying device according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof sheet is rotatably held.   The waterproof sheet laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the partial support structure is configured to protrude from the frame body onto an outer peripheral surface of the frame body.

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