JPH07310500A - Waterproof sheet construction of tunnel and its construction frame - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make certain installation work and to improve working efficiency by spreading a waterproof sheet on the upper surface of an arch frame matching with a primary covering work surface and making the waterproof sheet closely contact with the primary covering work surface by way of raising the frame. CONSTITUTION:A frame 12 the shape of the upper surface of which is an arch shape to match roughly the whole of an arch part of a primary covering work surface 2 or the arch part up to slightly above a spring line S.L and consisting of a plate, etc., is provided. This frame 12 is made deep enough to be equivalent to breadth of a waterproof sheet in the tunnel lengthy direction and constituted free to move vertically and longitudinally and to adjust its left and right positions. Thereafter, the frame 12 is set in a tunnel by extending its arch shape in the tunnel transverse direction and spreading the waterproof sheet on the upper surface. Thereafter, the waterproof sheet is made closely contact with the primary covering work surface 2 by matching left and right central lines of the frame 12 with the central line of the primary covering work surface 2 and raising the frame 12. Continuously, the waterproof sheet is installed on the primary covering work surface 2 by making a disc or a surface fastener melted by heating under an electromagnetic induction method as an installation medium.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a waterproof sheet for a tunnel and its construction frame, and in particular, a method of attaching a waterproof sheet to a primary lining surface using a surface fastener as a mounting medium.
The present invention relates to a construction method suitable for a wide waterproof sheet and a construction frame thereof.

Generally, the waterproof sheet of the tunnel covers the primary lining surface of the tunnel, but in the transverse direction of the tunnel, a long length corresponding to the circumference is used, and in the tunnel length direction, the primary lining surface is covered. The specifications are such that the ends of the attached waterproof sheets that are adjacent to each other in the same length direction are welded together into a single sheet.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following construction method has been known as a method for constructing a waterproof sheet for such a tunnel.

Surface fasteners are attached in places on the primary lining surface, the roll-shaped waterproof sheet is spread out, and its central portion is stopped at the top of the arch portion of the primary lining surface.
The waterproof sheet is extended to both sides along the arch portion and both side walls of the primary lining surface, and pressed against the primary lining surface to stop.

In this construction method, at the arch portion extending 90 ° across the center line of the primary lining surface, the waterproof sheet is supported so that the weight of the waterproof sheet stretched by conforming to the irregularities of the surface does not hang down under the weight. It has to be stretched and this is practically difficult to achieve as is known to those skilled in the art. Thus, the tension of the waterproof sheet tends to come off, and if it does come off, the overlap margin required for welding the adjacent ends of the previously stretched waterproof sheet and the next newly stretched waterproof sheet cannot be secured. If it shifts, the tarpaulin must remove the portion joined to the surface fastener on the primary lining surface to correct the shift, resulting in a large decrease in the tensioning efficiency. It is difficult to stretch the tarpaulin so that it does not shift and that it satisfies the support shown above. This is especially true of a waterproof sheet having a wide width (a dimension in the tunnel length direction) which is advantageous in increasing the tensioning efficiency and reducing the number of welding points which are weak points of waterproofness.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof sheet having a wide width, which is almost the entire primary surface of the tunnel, that is, a portion above (including on) the spring line or at least a spring. It hangs down over the arch part up to a little above the line, and it can be closely attached without slipping and can be tensioned on the primary lining surface with surface fasteners, which improves the efficiency of installation work and ensures the waterproofing of the tunnel. To develop a sheet construction method and its construction rack.

[0007]

In the tunnel waterproof sheet construction method according to the present invention, the shape of the upper surface is substantially the same as the arch portion of the primary lining surface of the tunnel, or at least the arch portion slightly above the spring line. The shape of the waterproof sheet or the non-woven laminate type waterproof sheet on the rack that has a depth corresponding to the width of the waterproof sheet in the tunnel length direction and is capable of vertical movement, depth direction movement, that is, forward / backward movement and left / right position adjustment. The seat is installed in the tunnel with the arch shape of the rack extended in the tunnel transverse direction, and the left and right centers of the rack are aligned with the center line of the primary lining surface to raise the rack. The waterproof sheet or the non-woven fabric laminated type waterproof sheet is lifted by the above, and the waterproof sheet is attached to the primary lining surface using a surface fastener as an attachment medium. .

The waterproof sheet construction rack for a tunnel according to the present invention comprises a rack capable of position adjustment in the transverse direction of the tunnel, vertical movement, and movement in the tunnel length direction, and a rack mounted on the rack. The shape of the upper surface of the rack in the transverse direction of the tunnel is almost the entire arch part of the primary lining surface of the tunnel, or at least slightly above the spring line. It is characterized in that the depth corresponds to the width of the waterproof sheet in the vertical direction.

In the present specification, the term "nonwoven fabric" of the "nonwoven fabric laminated waterproof sheet" in the present invention includes not only the nonwoven fabric but also other water permeable fiber mats conventionally stretched on the primary lining surface of the tunnel. It is used in a broad sense. This also applies to the claims and the following description.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 is generally attached to a rack used for constructing a waterproof sheet in a tunnel. The tarpaulin rack 1 for this tunnel is a stand 11
And a frame 12 mounted on the frame 11. The gantry 11 is of a type capable of position adjustment in the transverse direction of the tunnel, that is, left and right position adjustment, vertical movement, and movement in the tunnel length direction, that is, forward and backward movement. In the illustrated example, the gantry 11 is provided with a carriage 111 that moves on a rail (not shown) that is laid in the tunnel and extends in the tunnel length direction, so that the carriage 11 can be moved back and forth. The pedestal 11 is attached by the lateral feed 112 so that the left and right positions can be adjusted, and the leg ends of the pedestal 11 are connected to the lateral feed 112 by the jacks 113 so that they can be moved up and down. The lateral feed table 112 is a pair of dovetail and dovetail type sliding pairs with the bed 114, and is moved in the tunnel crossing direction on the guide surface of the head 114 by a manual feed screw 115. The horizontal feed stand 112 / jack 11
It is preferable that the assembly No. 3 is arranged at a position near the left and right ends of the gantry 11 at a position corresponding to the front and rear ends.

The frame 12 has a shape in the transverse direction of the tunnel, that is, almost the entire arch portion of the primary lining surface 2 of the tunnel, that is,
An arch shape that coincides with the primary lining surface 2 above from a position above or close to the spring lines S and L (FIG. 4), or an arch shape that coincides with an arch portion at least slightly above the spring lines S and L. (FIG. 5), and the arch shape has a depth corresponding to the width of the waterproof sheet in the tunnel length direction, that is, a dimension in the tunnel length direction. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the rack 12 is shown in a raised position by a solid line and in a lowered position by a chain line.

The rack 12 can be filled with expanded metal, with panels similar to panels or skin plates in concrete lining formwork for tunnels. In the case of expanded metal, it is a through hole that is smaller than the diameter of the hook and loop fastener. If the through-hole is larger than the diameter of the hook-and-loop fastener, the waterproof sheet at the hook-and-loop fastener may not be pressed by the rack 12.

The frame 12 may be of a type (FIG. 1) in which the left and right wings of the frame 12 can be bent toward the inside of the tunnel. According to this, since the skirt of the frame 12 becomes shorter by refracting the region of both wings toward the inside of the tunnel, the degree to which the frame 12 can be lowered, in other words, between the upper surface of the frame 12 and the primary lining surface 2 A large space can be taken, and the mounting work of the waterproof sheet on the rack 12 described later becomes easy. It is a matter of course that the present invention also includes a structure in which the left and right wings of the rack 12 are not bent (FIG. 2).

In order to allow the left and right wing portions of the rack 12 to be bent to a predetermined side, it is possible to adopt a mode in which the wing portions are formed separately from other portions and the both wing portions and the other portions are hinged. The hinge is shown in FIG. 1 with the reference numeral 120. Since such a hinge connection structure is known per se, only an outline is shown for convenience of simplifying the illustration.

In the case of the refraction type, the left and right wings of the rack 12 are connected to the rack 11 by the expandable arm 3 made of a granular pressure cylinder such as a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder. Normally, two arms 3 are required to be provided in the tunnel length direction for each of both wings of the rack 12, and one arm 3 may be provided in some cases. In the case of two arms, the arm 3 may be arranged at a position corresponding to the end in the tunnel length direction at the skirt of the region of both wings, and when one, corresponds to the center part of the skirt of the region in the same direction. It is good to place it in a place.
The connection on both sides of the wing and the connection on the side of the gantry 11 with respect to the arm 3 is a hinged pair connection, for example a pin connection, which allows the arm 3 to rotate in a vertical plane transverse to the tunnel. Reference numeral 31 is attached to the coupling portion.

In the present invention, a waterproof sheet or a non-woven laminate type waterproof sheet (hereinafter, these sheets are collectively referred to as a sheet waterproof material) is used as the waterproof material, and the sheet waterproof material (not shown) is used as a primary tunnel material. A hook-and-loop fastener (not shown) is used as an attachment medium for stretching the lining surface 2.

When the waterproof sheet is a single layer type in which non-woven fabrics are not laminated, the hook and loop fastener is one hook fastener of the hook fastener hook fastener and the pile hook fastener assembly. Is preferably attached to a required portion of the single layer type waterproof sheet, and the other surface fastener is attached to a required portion of the primary lining surface 2. In the case of a sheet waterproof material in which non-woven fabrics are laminated, the non-woven fabrics may be used in place of pile connector type surface fasteners, and hook connector type surface fasteners may be attached to the primary lining surface 2 in some places.

When the sheet waterproofing material is a single layer type in which non-woven fabric is not laminated, the non-woven fabric may be attached to the primary lining surface 2 with a non-woven fabric or other water-permeable fiber mat and then hooked on the mat. In this case, hook connector type surface fasteners may be attached to the surface of the sheet waterproofing material opposite to the inner side of the tunnel in advance. On the primary lining surface 2, the water-permeable fiber mat stretched over the primary lining surface 2 functions as a pile connector type surface fastener.

The waterproof sheet has a dimension in the tunnel transverse direction, that is, a length corresponding to the circumferential length of the primary lining surface 2, and a dimension in the tunnel length direction, that is, a suitable width, preferably a wide width.

The sheet waterproof material is obtained by lowering the rack 11 of the construction rack 1 installed in the tunnel by operating the jack 113 to lower the rack 12 to an appropriate position, and on the rack 12, the crossing direction of the rack 12 in the tunnel 12, that is, Place the seat waterproofing material so that the centerline of the same direction (horizontal centerline) is located on the left and right centerlines (horizontal centerline). In this case, the waterproof sheet is wound in the length direction from both ends in a roll shape, placed on the top end of the rack 12, and then extended to both the left and right sides of the rack 12.
The work can be easily performed by deploying and mounting the sheet waterproof material on. If the horizontal center line is shown on the waterproof sheet,
The left and right centering of the waterproof sheet with respect to the left and right center of 2 can be easily performed.

After the pedestal 11 is laterally fed by the lateral feed table 112, the position of the gantry 11 is adjusted to the tunnel crossing direction, the right and left centers of the gantry 12 are aligned with the center line of the primary lining surface 2, and then the gantry 11 is raised. The sheet waterproof material is lifted by the ascent of the rack 12 and pushed against the primary lining surface 2 by the rack 12, and the sheet waterproof material is stretched on the primary lining surface 2 by using the front surface fastener as an attachment medium.

After the tensioning of the sheet waterproof material is completed, the rack 12 is lowered to an appropriate position, the pedestal 11 is moved to the next sheet waterproof material construction section, and the procedure for constructing the next new sheet waterproof material is as described above. Done in.

In the case of the gantry 12 in which both the left and right wings are refracted toward the inside of the tunnel, the left and right wings bent in a predetermined direction are placed on the frame 12 after the sheet waterproof material is placed on the frame 12. At a suitable time until the lifting of the sheet waterproof material by the rise of No. 1 is completed, the extendable arm 3 is extended so that the left and right wing portions of the rack 12 are not bent, as shown in FIGS.

The frame 12 has an arched shape whose upper surface in the transverse direction of the tunnel is substantially the same as the arched portion of the primary lining surface of the tunnel or at least slightly above the spring line.

In this structure, the sheet waterproof material is spread and placed on the rack 12, the rack 12 is centered to the left and right, and then the rack 12 is lifted, so that even with a wide sheet waterproof material, almost all of the arch portion of the primary lining surface or At least over the arch part slightly above the spring line, it hangs down, and brings about good adhesion without displacement. Thus, it is possible to efficiently and reliably attach the sheet waterproof material to the primary lining surface using the surface fastener.

The depth of the arch shape of the rack corresponding to the width of the sheet waterproof material in the tunnel length direction brings about the achievement of the above-mentioned close contact even if the sheet waterproof material is sufficiently wide.

It is meaningless that the arched shape of the rack 12 in the direction traversing the tunnel extends comparatively largely downward beyond the spring lines S and L. It is because the seat waterproof material hangs down by gravity below the spring line,
This is because such an arch shape does not contribute to bring the sheet waterproof material into close contact with the form below the spring line of the primary lining surface. The waterproof sheet can be attached to the primary lining surface below the spring line efficiently and reliably by the specifications according to the usual method.

In the waterproof sheet construction method according to the present invention, the unevenness of the primary construction surface is small, for example, D (depth of the depression) / L (diameter of the depression) of the sprayed concrete surface by the Natom method is 1 It is particularly preferable in the case of about / 10, or in the case where the primary lining surface is a segment or a surface formed by the ECL (Extruded Concrete Lining) method without unevenness.

[0030]

As is apparent from the above, according to the present invention, almost the entire arch portion of the primary lining surface of the tunnel, that is, the portion above (including on) the spring line, or a portion above the spring line, or at least slightly above the spring line. It can hang down to the arch part up to, and even with a wide sheet waterproof material, it can be tightly adhered and can be stretched on the primary lining surface using surface fasteners, improving the efficiency and reliability of its installation work. To be effective.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a construction rack according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of another example of the construction rack according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a transverse feed table in the construction rack shown in FIGS.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing an example of the degree to which the arch shape of the rack of the construction table extends in the tunnel crossing direction.

FIG. 5 shows a front view of another example of the degree of extension of the arch shape of the rack in the same direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Tunnel tarpaulin construction frame 11 frame 12 frame 112 frame horizontal feed frame 113 frame jack S, L Spring line

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An arch shape whose upper surface corresponds to almost the entire arch portion of the primary lining surface of the tunnel or at least slightly above the spring line, the shape being the width of the waterproof sheet in the tunnel length direction. A waterproof sheet or a non-woven fabric laminated waterproof sheet is spread on a rack that has a corresponding depth and can be moved up and down, moved in the depth direction, that is, moved back and forth and horizontally, and the art shape of the rack extends in the tunnel crossing direction. In this state, the seat is installed in the tunnel, the left and right centers of the rack are aligned with the center line of the primary lining surface, and the rack or the nonwoven fabric laminated waterproof sheet is lifted by raising the rack to cover the primary cover. A method for constructing a waterproof sheet for a tunnel, characterized in that the waterproof sheet is attached to a work surface using a surface fastener as a mounting medium. 2. The apparatus comprises a frame capable of position adjustment in the tunnel transverse direction, vertical movement and movement in the tunnel length direction, and a frame mounted on the frame, the frame being in the tunnel transverse direction. About the shape of the tunnel is an arch shape that matches almost the entire arch part of the primary lining surface of the tunnel or at least slightly above the spring line, and the shape has a depth corresponding to the width of the waterproof sheet in the tunnel length direction. A waterproof sheet construction rack for tunnels that is characterized by being