JP2019104551A - Mobile crane - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a mobile crane capable of allowing an operator to easily know an actual winding number.SOLUTION: The mobile crane has a boom with one or plural sheaves, a hook with one or plural sheaves, a winch to wind or feed the wire-rope, a wire-rope wound on the boom side sheave and on the hook side sheave from the winch, a rotational amount detector to detect the rotational amount of at least one sheave of the boom side sheave and the hook side sheave, and a determination device of the wire-rope winding number to determine the wire-rope winding number based on the rotational amount of at least one sheave obtained from the rotational amount detector.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a mobile crane.

  Conventionally, mobile cranes are provided with safety devices for preventing overturning of the crane and overloading of the wire rope. In a crane, the performance of the crane itself is changed according to the work content set in the safety device and the number of winding of the wire rope (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the number of hangs). That is, as long as the crane performs work with the work content set in the safety device and the number of hooks of the set wire rope, it is possible to prevent overturning and overload of the wire rope.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes a safety device provided with a multiplier setting device for setting one of the first and second multipliers of a wire rope. In this safety device, the rated load characteristics and the working limit, which are the performance of the crane, are stored according to the first multiplication number and the second multiplication number. The safety device is provided with a switch fixed to one of the first and second multiples. By setting it as the above structures, the missetting of the number of multiplications is prevented in a safety device.

JP 2007-204266 A

  However, the safety device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a technique based on the premise that the setting of the multiplication factor and the actual multiplication factor are the same. Therefore, even when the actual number of wire ropes and the value of the number set in the safety device are different, the performance of the crane is set based on the number set in the safety device, causing an accident. There was a problem that it was easy to connect.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the mobile crane which an operator can know actual number of times easily.

  In order to achieve the above object, a mobile crane according to the present invention comprises a boom having one or more sheaves, a hook having one or more sheaves, a winch for feeding or unwinding a wire rope, and the winches from the winches. A rotation amount detector for detecting the amount of rotation of at least one of the sheave on the boom side and the wire rope hooked on the sheave on the hook side, and the sheave on the boom side or the sheave on the hook side And a wire rope multiplication factor determination device for determining the multiplication factor of the wire rope based on the rotation quantity of the at least one sheave by the rotation quantity detector.

  The operator using the mobile crane according to the present embodiment can easily know the actual number of multipliers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The side view which shows the whole structure of the crane which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The side view showing the boom tip part of the crane concerning one embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the cockpit of the crane which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. A figure showing a display screen which sets up winding number in a safety device of a crane concerning one embodiment of the present invention. (A) The figure which shows the winding of a main wire rope when the winding number of the crane which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is four hooks, (b) similarly shows the winding of a main wire rope in the case of six hooks. Figure. The figure which shows the structure of the control apparatus of the hook number determination of the crane which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The figure showing the flow chart showing the control mode of winding number judging control in the crane concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the component described in the following embodiment is an illustration, and it is not a thing of the meaning which limits the technical scope of the present invention only to them.

(Configuration of mobile crane)
The mobile crane according to the present embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, as a mobile crane, a rough terrain crane, an all terrain crane, a truck crane, a loading truck crane, etc. are mentioned, for example, and this invention is applicable.

  The side view which shows the whole structure of the crane which concerns on FIG. 1 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the crane 1 is a mobile crane that can move to an unspecified place, and has a vehicle 2 and a crane device 6.

  The vehicle 2 transports the crane device 6. The vehicle 2 has a plurality of wheels 3 and travels using an engine (not shown) as a power source. The vehicle 2 is provided with an outrigger 5.

  The outrigger 5 is composed of an overhang beam which can be extended hydraulically on both sides in the width direction of the vehicle 2 and a hydraulic jack cylinder which can extend in a direction perpendicular to the ground. The vehicle 2 can extend the workable range of the crane 1 by extending the outrigger 5 in the width direction of the vehicle and grounding the jack cylinder.

  The crane apparatus 6 is for lifting the transported object W by a wire rope. The crane device 6 includes a swivel base 7, a telescopic boom 8, a jib 13, a main hook block 14, a sub hook block 15, a relief cylinder 16, a main winch 17, a sub winch 18, a main wire rope 19, a sub wire rope 20, and a cabin 21. , A safety device 23 (see FIG. 3) and the like.

  The swivel base 7 is configured to be able to swivel the crane apparatus 6. The swivel base 7 is provided on the frame of the vehicle 2 via an annular bearing. The annular bearing is disposed such that the center of rotation is perpendicular to the installation surface of the vehicle 2. The swivel base 7 is configured to be rotatable about the center of the annular bearing as a rotation center. The swivel base 7 is configured to be rotated by a hydraulic swivel motor (not shown).

  The telescopic boom 8, which is a boom, supports the wire rope in a state in which the transported object W can be lifted. The telescopic boom 8 is composed of a plurality of boom members, and in the example shown in FIG. 1, it comprises a base boom member 8a, a second boom member 8b, a third boom member 8c, a force boom member 8d, a fifth boom member 8e and a top boom member 8f. It is done.

  Each boom member 8a-8f is formed in the hollow cylinder shape which has a mutually similar polygonal cross section. Each boom member 8a-8f is formed in the magnitude | size which can be inserted in the inside in order of the magnitude | size of cross-sectional area. That is, the top boom member 8f having the smallest cross-sectional area is formed in a size that can be inserted into the inside of the fifth boom member 8e having the largest cross-sectional area next to the top boom member 8f. The fifth boom member 8e is formed in a size that can be inserted into the inside of the force boom member 8d having the largest cross-sectional area next to the fifth boom member 8e. As described above, in the telescopic boom 8, the second boom member 8b, the third boom member 8c, the force boom member 8d, the fifth boom member 8e, and the top boom member 8f have large cross-sectional areas inside the base boom member 8a having the largest cross-sectional area Are nested in the order of

  The telescopic boom 8 is configured such that the second boom member 8b, the third boom member 8c, the force boom member 8d, the fifth boom member 8e, and the top boom member 8f are movable in the axial direction of the telescopic boom 8 with respect to the base boom member 8a. It is done. That is, the telescopic boom 8 is configured to be telescopic by moving each boom member with a telescopic cylinder (not shown). The telescopic boom 8 is provided such that the base end of the base boom member 8 a can be pivoted on the swivel base 7. Thus, the telescopic boom 8 is configured to be horizontally rotatable on the frame of the vehicle 2. Furthermore, the telescopic boom 8 is configured to be able to slide around the base end of the base boom member 8 a with respect to the swivel base 7.

  Next, the detailed configuration around the telescopic boom 8 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, the side view which shows the boom front-end | tip part of the crane which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a main guide sheave 9, a sub guide sheave 10, a main sheave 11 and a sub sheave 12 are provided at the tip of the top boom member 8 f of the telescopic boom 8. The main guide sheave 9 on which the main wire rope 19 is wound and the sub guide sheave 10 on which the sub wire rope 20 is wound are provided on the back side of the tip of the top boom member 8f (the side surface in the swing direction when the telescopic boom 8 is erected). And are provided rotatably.

  The sub sheave 12 and the main wire rope 19 to which the sub wire rope 20 is wound sequentially from the tip end side are wound on the ventral surface side of the tip of the top boom member 8 f (the side surface opposite to the swing direction when the telescopic boom 8 stands up) A plurality of main sheaves 11 (a first main sheave 11a, a second main sheave 11b, and a third main sheave 11c (see FIG. 5)) are rotatably provided. Also, a jib support 8g is provided at the tip of the top boom member 8f. In the vicinity of the plurality of main sheaves 11, sensors 25 (rotation amount detectors) for detecting the amount of rotation (number of rotations) of each sheave are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the jib 13 is for enlarging the lift and working radius of the crane device 6. The jib 13 is held in a posture along the base boom member 8 a by a jib support 8 g provided on the base boom member 8 a of the telescopic boom 8. The proximal end of the jib 13 is configured to be connectable to the jib support 8g of the top boom member 8f. The jib 13 is configured to be connectable to the tip of the top boom member 8f of the telescopic boom 8 by driving a pin (not shown) into the jib support 8g.

  The main hook block 14 suspends the transported object W. The main hook block 14 includes a first hook sheave 14a, a second hook sheave 14b and a third hook sheave 14c (see FIG. 5), which are a plurality of hook sheaves on which the main wire rope 19 is wound. Is provided. The sub hook block 15 suspends the conveyed product W. The sub hook block 15 is provided with a sub hook 15 a for suspending the conveyed product W. In the vicinity of the hook sheaves 14a to 14c, a sensor 26 (rotation amount detector) for detecting the rotation amount (rotational speed) of each sheave is provided.

  The hoisting cylinder 16 is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder, and holds the posture of the telescopic boom 8 by raising and lowering the telescopic boom 8. One end of the up-and-down cylinder 16 is rotatably connected to the swivel base 7, and the other end is rotatably connected to the base boom member 8 a of the telescopic boom 8.

  The main winch 17, which is a hydraulic winch, is for carrying in (rolling up) and unwinding (rolling down) of the main wire rope 19. The main winch 17 is configured such that a drum on which the main wire rope 19 is wound is rotated by a hydraulic motor. The main winch 17 is provided with a sensor 24 (see FIG. 6) that detects the rotational speed of the main winch 17.

  Further, the sub winch 18, which is a hydraulic winch, is for carrying in (rolling up) and unwinding (rolling down) of the sub wire rope 20. The sub winch 18 is configured such that a drum on which the sub wire rope 20 is wound is rotated by a hydraulic motor.

  The main wire rope 19 is wound around the plurality of main sheaves 11 and the first hook sheave 14a, the second hook sheave 14b and / or the third hook sheave 14c from the main winch 17 through the main guide sheave 9 (see FIG. 2) ). The end of the main wire rope 19 is fixed (cord end) to the top boom member 8f when the number of hooks is even (see FIG. 5), and is fixed to the main hook block 14 when cords are odd (cords) (Not shown). The sub wire rope 20 is connected to the sub hook block 15 from the sub winch 18 through the sub guide sheave 10 and the sub sheave 12.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing a cockpit of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cabin 21 covers the cockpit 22. The cabin 21 is provided on the side of the telescopic boom 8 in the swivel base 7. A pilot seat 22 is provided inside the cabin 21.

  The pilot seat 22 includes a main operation tool 22 a for operating the main winch 17, a sub operation tool 22 b for operating the sub winch 18, a relief operation tool 22 c for operating the telescopic boom 8, and a crane 1. A handle 22 d for moving the object, an alarm buzzer 22 e as notification means, a safety device 23 and the like are provided.

(How to determine the number of wraps)
Next, with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the method to determine the winding number of a wire rope is demonstrated. The figure which shows the display screen which sets the number of winding in the safety device of the crane which concerns on FIG. 4 at one Embodiment of this invention is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the safety device 23 has, for example, four hooks, six hooks, etc., of the number of windings of the main wire rope 19 that is transferred and fed out from the main winch 17 that is used during main hook operation. It is configured to select one of them. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the figure which has selected the winding number of the main wire rope 19 by four is shown.

  Further, the safety device 23 is configured to automatically select the number of winding of the sub wire rope 20 to be transferred and fed out from the sub winch 18 which is a used winch, as a single hook in the sub hook operation.

  Although the details will be described later, the crane 1 can change the performance of the crane such as the allowable suspension load by changing the number of winding of the main wire rope 19 according to the weight of the transported object W. However, as described above, the worker needs to input the number of wraps into the safety device 23 by himself. Therefore, in the conventional crane, even when the setting of the number of winding input to the safety device 23 is different from the actual number of winding, such as when the number of winding is changed, the winding set in the safety device 23 Since the performance of the crane is set based on the number of hangs, there is a problem that it is likely to lead to an accident. In the crane according to the present embodiment, when the safety device 23 determines the actual winding number and the setting is different from the setting of the winding number input to the safety device 23, the alarm buzzer 22 e of the pilot seat 22 is different. Since notification of the effect can be performed, the method will be described in detail.

  FIG. 5 (a) is a view showing the hooking of the main wire rope when the number of winding of the crane according to the embodiment of the present invention is four, and FIG. 5 (b) is a case where it is six. The figure which shows the winding of the main wire rope of. The figure which shows the structure of the control apparatus of the winding number determination of the crane which concerns on FIG. 6 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown. In the present embodiment, the number of winding of the main wire rope 19 of the crane 1 will be described in the case of four or six commonly used, but the present invention is not limited to this. What is necessary is just what can change the number of winding.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the main sheave 11 is constructed in order from one side to a support shaft disposed parallel to the drum rotation axis of the main winch 17 at the tip of the top boom member 8f of the telescopic boom 8 The 1 main sheave 11a, the second main sheave 11b, and the third main sheave 11c are rotatably supported independently. The first hook sheave 14 a, the second hook sheave 14 b and the third hook sheave 14 c are independently and rotatably supported by the main hook block 14 in the order.

  When the number of winding of the main wire rope 19 is four, the main wire rope 19 is the first main sheave 11a of the top boom member 8f, the first hook sheave 14a of the main hook block 14, and the third main of the top boom member 8f. The sheave 11c and the third hook sheave 14c of the main hook block 14 are wound in this order. The end of the main wire rope 19 wound around the third hook sheave 14c is hooked to the top boom member 8f.

  With such a configuration, the crane 1 has a total of four cranes supporting the first hook sheave 14 a and the third hook sheave 14 c for the transported object W (see FIG. 1) suspended from the main hook block 14. Supported by the main wire rope 19. Therefore, the allowable load of the crane 1 is increased to four times the allowable tension of the main wire rope 19 by setting the number of turns of the main wire rope 19 between the main sheave 11 and the hook sheave to four. In the case of the four hooks, the crane 1 operates the first hook sheave 14a and the third hook sheave 14c configured as a moving pulley to draw the main wire rope 19 at a tension of 1/4 of the load of the main hook 14d. The transported object W can be lifted at a speed of 1⁄4 of.

  As a result, in the case of four loops, by feeding or feeding the main wire rope 19 by a predetermined amount, a difference occurs in the amount of rotation (number of rotations) between the sheaves. As a specific example, in the case of the four-loop setting, the first main sheave 11 a rotates four times while the third main sheave 11 c rotates twice. As described above, the number of turns of the main wire rope 19 can be determined by the sensors 25 and 26 detecting the amount of rotation (number of rotations) between at least two sheaves and comparing and determining the difference.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the number of winding of the main wire rope 19 is six, the main wire rope 19 is the first main sheave 11 a of the top boom member 8 f and the main hook block 14. First hook sheave 14a, second main sheave 11b of top boom member 8f, second hook sheave 14b of main hook block 14, third main sheave 11c of top boom member 8f, third hook sheave 14c of main hook block 14 It is done. The end of the main wire rope 19 wound around the third hook sheave 14c is hooked to the top boom member 8f.

  With this configuration, the crane 1 supports the first hook sheave 14a, the second hook sheave 14b, and the third hook sheave 14c of the transported object W (see FIG. 1) suspended from the main hook block 14. It is supported by a total of six main wire ropes 19. Therefore, the allowable load of the crane 1 is increased to six times the allowable tension of the main wire rope 19 by setting the number of turns of the main wire rope 19 between the main sheave 11 and the hook sheave to six. In the case of six hooks, the crane 1 is a main wire with a tension of 1/6 of the load of the main hook 14d by the action of the first hook sheave 14a, the second hook sheave 14b and the third hook sheave 14c configured as a moving pulley. The transported object W can be lifted at a speed of 1⁄6 of the feeding speed of the ropes 19.

  As a result, even in the case of six loops, by feeding out or inserting the main wire rope 19 by a predetermined amount, a difference occurs in the amount of rotation (number of rotations) between the sheaves. As a specific example, in the case of six-piece hooking, the first main sheave 11 a makes four rotations while the third main sheave 11 c makes one rotation. As described above, the number of turns of the main wire rope 19 can be determined by the sensors 25 and 26 detecting the amount of rotation between the at least two sheaves and comparing and determining the difference.

  The number of sheaves for detecting the amount of rotation is not particularly limited, and it is preferable to detect the amounts of rotation of two or more sheaves, and it is more preferable to detect the amounts of rotation of all the sheaves. By increasing the number of sheaves to be detected, the accuracy of the number of wraps to be determined can be improved.

  The number of winding can be determined even if the number of sheaves for detecting the amount of rotation is one. In this case, based on the rotational speed of the main winch 17 detected by the sensor 24, the amount of extension or insertion of the main wire rope 19 and the amount of rotation of one sheave detected by the sensor 25 or the sensor 26 are compared, Determine the number of multiplications.

  In addition, in the method mentioned above, although the case where the number of winding is even number and the case where it is odd can not be determined, it can be determined by the position of the cable end in this case. Specifically, the end of the main wire rope 19 is fixed to the top boom member 8f when the number of hooks is even (see FIG. 5), and is fixed to the main hook block 14 when the number of hooks is odd. (Not shown). Therefore, by confirming the position of the cable end with a sensor (not shown) or the like, the number of winding can be determined even when the number of winding is an odd number.

(Control device of crane)
Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the structure of the control apparatus 54 of the crane 1 which concerns on this embodiment, and determination of the missetting of the safety apparatus 23 are demonstrated. The figure which shows the structure of the control apparatus of the number determination of the crane which concerns on FIG. 6 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the control device 54 functions as a wire rope hook number determination device that acquires detection information of the sensors 24 to 26 and determines the number of winding of the wire rope based on the acquired rotation amount. Further, although not shown, the control device 54 displays various information and warnings on the screen of the safety device 23, restricts the working range of the telescopic boom 8, main tension which is tension of the main wire rope 19, sub wire rope 20 It has functions such as calculating the sub tension, which is the tension of and the estimated suspension load and the actual suspension load. In addition, the safety device 23 can display a warning or an alarm about a working range, a suspension load, and the like on a screen, and can notify an operator using an alarm buzzer 22e (see FIG. 3) of the operation seat 22.

  The control device 54 may be substantially connected by a bus such as a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an HDD or the like, or may be a one-chip LSI or the like. The control device 54 stores various programs and data for calculating the number of winding based on the detection information of the sensors 24 to 26. Also, various programs and data are stored in order to calculate the working range of the telescopic boom 8, the main tension, the sub tension, and the load of the conveyed product W.

  The figure which shows the flowchart showing the control aspect of winding number determination control in the crane concerning one Embodiment of this invention at FIG. 7 is shown. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the example in which the number of winding is determined from the rotation amount of the sheave is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the winding number determination control first acquires winding number information (winding number) input to the safety device 23 (step S101). Next, during the operation, the rotation amount information of the sheave is acquired from the sensor 25 or 26 (step S102). Then, based on the acquired rotation amount of the sheave, an actual winding value is determined (step S103). Then, in step S104, the control device 54 compares the winding number information input to the safety device 23 with the determined winding number. As a result, when it is determined that the input winding number information and the determined winding number are the same (YES), the control device 54 ends the winding number determination control. On the other hand, when it is determined that the input winding number information and the determined winding number are different (No), the control device 54 indicates that the setting of the winding number on the display screen of the safety device 23 is incorrect. A warning is displayed, and the winding number determination control ends (step S105).

  By this configuration, the operator can easily know the actual number of loops, and the actual number of wire ropes differs from the number of loops set in the safety device. Even if you do, you can easily know that.

  The above-mentioned embodiment showed only a typical form, and can be variously deformed and carried out in the range which does not deviate from the main point of one embodiment. It is needless to say that the present invention can be practiced in various forms, and the scope of the present invention is shown by the description of the claims, and the equivalent meaning described in the claims, and all the scope within the scope. Including changes.

1 crane 2 vehicle 6 crane device 7 swivel base 8 telescopic boom 13 jib 13
14 main hook block 15 sub hook block 17 main winch 18 sub winch 19 main wire rope 20 sub wire rope 23 safety device 24 sensor 25 sensor 26 sensor

Claims (4)

A boom having one or more sheaves;
A hook having one or more sheaves;
A winch for carrying in or out the wire rope,
A wire rope hooked from the winch to the sheave on the boom side and the sheave on the hook side;
A rotation amount detector that detects a rotation amount of at least one sheave of the boom side sheave or the hook side sheave;
A wire rope hook number determination device that determines the number of turns of the wire rope based on the amount of rotation of the at least one sheave by the rotation amount detector;
Mobile crane with. The rotation detector detects an amount of rotation of two or more sheaves of the sheave on the boom side or the sheave on the hook side,
The wire rope multiplication factor determination device determines the multiplication factor of the wire rope based on the rotation amount of the two or more sheaves by the rotation amount detector.
The mobile crane according to claim 1. The mobile crane further comprises
A winch rotational speed detector for detecting the rotational speed of the winch;
The wire rope multiplication factor determination device determines the multiplication factor of the wire rope based on the rotation amount of the at least one sheave by the rotation amount detector and the rotation speed of the winch by the winch rotation speed detector. Do,
The mobile crane according to claim 1 or 2. The mobile crane further includes a wire rope hook number input device, an alarm control device, and an alarm.
The notification device determines whether or not the number of wire ropes input to the wire rope number input device is different from the number of wire ropes determined by the wire rope number determining device. Control the operation of the annunciator to provide notification that they are different when different;
The mobile crane according to any one of claims 1 to 3.