JP2019094910A - Transmission device - Google Patents

Abstract

To enhance the transmission efficiency of gear change mechanisms without the necessity for high processing accuracy to a support part to a casing of first and third transmission members or the like, in a transmission device having: a first transmission member with a first axial line as a center axial line; a first transmission shaft rotating around the first axial line; a rotating member connected with and an eccentric shaft part with a second axial line as a center axial line; a second transmission member rotatably supported to the eccentric shaft part; a third transmission member connected to a second transmission shaft rotating around the first axial line, and opposing the second transmission member; a first gear change mechanism interposed between the first and second transmission members; and a second gear change mechanism interposed between the second and third transmission members.SOLUTION: A first transmission member 5 is relatively movably and relatively non-rotatably connected to a casing C in an axial direction, energization means 50 for energizing the first to third transmission members 5, 8 and 9 to a casing other-sidewall Cb side is interposed between the first transmission member 5 and a casing one-sidewall Ca, and backlash in a radial direction is imparted to the first transmission member 5.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a transmission device, in particular, a first transmission member having a first axis as a central axis, a first transmission shaft rotating about the first axis, and an eccentricity having a second axis eccentric to the first axis as a central axis. An eccentric rotation member in which a shaft portion is integrally connected, a second transmission member rotatably supported by the eccentric shaft portion about a second axis and facing the first transmission member, and a rotation about the first axis A third transmission member coaxially connected to the second transmission shaft and opposed to the second transmission member, and a first transmission mechanism capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the first and second transmission members, and second and second The present invention relates to a transmission including a second transmission mechanism capable of transmitting torque while shifting between three transmission members, and a casing accommodating the first to third transmission members.

  The above-mentioned transmission is conventionally known as shown, for example, in patent document 1, and in this, the first transmission mechanism is on the surface of the first transmission member facing the second transmission member and has a first axis A second wave-shaped annular ring centered on a second axis, the wave ring having a wave number different from that of the first transmission groove, which is located on the opposite surface of the first transmission groove having a center in the corrugated ring and the second transmission member. A plurality of first transmission grooves and a plurality of intersections of the first and second transmission grooves for performing shift transmission between the first and second transmission members while rolling the first and second transmission grooves. A third transmission groove having a corrugated ring, having a first rolling element, the second transmission mechanism being on the surface of the second transmission member facing the third transmission member and having a center on the second axis, and a third transmission A wave-shaped annular member centered on the first axis and having a wave number different from that of the third transmission groove, which is on the surface of the member facing the second transmission member. A plurality of third transmission grooves interposed between a plurality of moving grooves and a plurality of intersections of the third and fourth transmission grooves, for performing shift transmission between the second and third transmission members while rolling the third and fourth transmission grooves. Two rolling elements are provided, and in this case, for example, by forming each transmission member in a plate shape, there is an advantage that the axial reduction of the transmission can be achieved.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-172419

  By the way, in the conventional transmission as shown in Patent Document 1, all of the plurality of first rolling elements are properly engaged with the first and second transmission grooves in the first transmission mechanism, and the third in the second transmission mechanism. And that all of the plurality of second rolling elements are properly engaged with the fourth transmission groove to ensure smooth rotation (about the second axis) and revolution (about the first axis) of the second transmission member. And the second transmission mechanism is effective in enhancing the transmission efficiency.

  Therefore, in the above-described conventional device, the first transmission member is integrated with one side wall of the casing while the first transmission shaft and the third transmission member are supported by the casing via the bearings, respectively. The coaxial arrangement of the transmission shaft and the third transmission member (second transmission shaft) with respect to one another is secured in relation to the casing.

  However, in such a method, a high degree of processing accuracy is required for the support of each transmission member and each transmission shaft to the casing, which results in an increase in manufacturing cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a transmission which can increase the transmission efficiency of the first and second transmission mechanisms without requiring the above-mentioned support portion to have a particularly high degree of processing accuracy. To aim.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention centers on a first transmission member having a first axis as a central axis, a first transmission shaft rotating about the first axis, and a second axis eccentric to the first axis. An eccentric rotation member in which an eccentric shaft portion serving as an axis is integrally connected; a second transmission member rotatably supported by the eccentric shaft portion about a second axis and facing the first transmission member; A third transmission member coaxially connected to a second transmission shaft that rotates about one axis and facing the second transmission member, and capable of transmitting torque while changing speed between the first and second transmission members A transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the second and third transmission members, and a casing accommodating the first to third transmission members, the first transmission mechanism comprising: A first transmission member facing the second transmission member, and A corrugated annular first transmission groove centered on an axis, and a corrugated ring on the opposite surface of the second transmission member to the first transmission member and centered on a second axis, and the wavenumber is the first transmission groove Are respectively interposed in different second transmission grooves and at a plurality of intersections of the first and second transmission grooves, and a shift between the first and second transmission members while rolling the first and second transmission grooves A plurality of first rolling elements for transmitting power, and the second transmission mechanism is a corrugated ring that is on the surface of the second transmission member facing the third transmission member and that is centered on the second axis A third transmission groove, and a fourth transmission groove on a surface of the third transmission member facing the second transmission member and having a wave-like annular shape centered on the first axis and having a wave number different from that of the third transmission groove; The second and third are interposed at a plurality of intersections of the third and fourth transmission grooves, and roll on the third and fourth transmission grooves. And a plurality of second rolling elements for shifting transmission between the moving members, and performing shifting transmission between the first and second transmission shafts, or rotating torque from the casing to the first and second transmission shafts In the first aspect of the present invention, the first transmission member is formed separately from the casing, and is coupled to the casing so as to be axially relatively movable and relatively non-rotatably. A biasing means for biasing the first to third transmission members toward the other side wall of the casing is interposed between the first transmission member and one side wall of the casing opposite thereto. According to a first feature of the present invention, the first transmission member is provided with radial play with respect to the casing.

  Further, in addition to the first feature, the present invention adjusts the initial load of the biasing force of the biasing means between the other side wall of the casing and the third transmission member opposed to the other side wall. The second feature is that a shim to be inserted is interposed.

  Furthermore, in addition to the first or second feature, the present invention is thirdly characterized in that the third transmission member is provided with radial play with respect to the casing.

  According to the present invention, in addition to the third feature, the second transmission shaft is spline-fit so that an external shaft rotatably supported on the other side wall of the casing around a first axis can move radially. The fourth feature is to be done.

  Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first transmission member having a first axis as a central axis, a first transmission shaft rotating around the first axis, and a second axis eccentric from the first axis. An eccentric rotation member in which an eccentric shaft portion serving as a central axis is integrally connected; and a second transmission member rotatably supported by the eccentric shaft portion about a second axis and facing the first transmission member; A third transmission member coaxially connected to a second transmission shaft rotating about a first axis and opposed to the second transmission member, and capable of transmitting a torque while changing between the first and second transmission members A first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the second and third transmission members, and a casing accommodating the first to third transmission members, wherein the first transmission mechanism An opposite surface of the first transmission member to the second transmission member; A wave ring has a wave number of a first transmission on an opposing surface of the first transmission groove having a corrugated ring centering on the first axis, and the second transmission member facing the first transmission member and having a wave number centered on the second axis. A second transmission groove different from the groove and a plurality of intersections of the first and second transmission grooves are interposed between the first and second transmission members while rolling the first and second transmission grooves. And a plurality of first rolling elements for performing a speed change transmission, wherein the second speed change mechanism is a corrugated ring on the surface of the second transmission member facing the third transmission member and centered on the second axis. A third transmission groove, and a fourth transmission groove on a surface of the third transmission member facing the second transmission member and having a corrugated annular shape centered on the first axis and having a wave number different from that of the third transmission groove; A plurality of intersections of the third and fourth transmission grooves, and rolling the third and fourth transmission grooves while the second and third And a plurality of second rolling elements for shifting transmission between the moving members, and performing shifting transmission between the first and second transmission shafts, or rotating torque from the casing to the first and second transmission shafts The first transmission shaft is relative to a first external shaft rotatably supported about a first axis on one side wall of the casing, and the second transmission shaft is a transmission. The first transmission member is connected to the second external shaft rotatably supported around the first axis on the other side wall of the casing, and the first transmission member is configured separately from the casing The first transmission member is connected non-rotatably relative to the casing, and the first transmission member has a radial play with respect to the casing, and the second transmission shaft has a radial play with respect to the second outer shaft. Fifth feature to be granted I assume.

  According to the present invention, in addition to the fifth feature, the connection between the first transmission member and the casing allows mutual relative axial movement of the first transmission member, and the first transmission member, Sixth, a biasing means is interposed between the one side wall of the casing opposed to the first side and the other side wall of the casing, to bias the first to third transmission members toward the other side wall of the casing. It features.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, the first transmission member is formed separately from the casing and is axially movably and relatively non-rotatably connected to the casing. Since the biasing means for biasing the first to third transmission members toward the other side wall of the casing is interposed between one side wall of the casing and the opposite side, Forces act on the first and second transmission mechanisms to automatically eliminate the backlash between the transmission grooves and the rolling elements in each transmission mechanism to enhance the transmission efficiency of the first and second transmission mechanisms. Can. As a result, the first and second transmission mechanisms do not require special high processing accuracy in the support of the first transmission member, the first transmission shaft, and the third transmission member (second transmission shaft) to the casing. The transmission efficiency of the device can be enhanced, which can contribute to the reduction of the manufacturing cost of the device. In addition, since the biasing means is interposed between the casing and the first transmission member connected non-rotatably relative to each other, it is almost impossible for the biasing means to rub against the casing and the first transmission member even during transmission. Therefore, the wear is avoided and high durability can be ensured.

  Moreover, since the first transmission member is given radial play with respect to the casing, the first transmission is performed by the biasing engagement between the first rolling element and the first and second transmission grooves by the biasing means. The member can be automatically aligned with the second transmission member without being influenced by the casing, whereby all the plurality of first rolling elements and the first and second transmission grooves are properly engaged, The transmission efficiency of the transmission mechanism can be further improved.

  According to a second feature of the present invention, a shim for adjusting the initial load of the biasing force of the biasing means is interposed between the other side wall of the casing and the third transmission member opposed to the other side wall. Since it is mounted, the selection of the thickness of this shim makes it possible to easily adjust the initial load of the biasing force. Moreover, since the shim can also function as a washer that reduces rotational friction between the third transmission member and the other side wall of the casing, it can contribute to the improvement of the durability of the third transmission member and the casing.

  Further, according to the third feature of the present invention, the third transmission member is provided with radial play with respect to the casing, so that the second rolling element and the third and fourth transmission grooves by the biasing means are provided. The biasing engagement enables the third transmission member to be automatically aligned with the second transmission member without being influenced by the casing, whereby all the plurality of second rolling elements and the third and fourth transmission grooves are By properly engaging, the transmission efficiency of the second transmission mechanism can be further improved.

  Further, according to the fourth feature of the present invention, since the external shaft rotatably supported around the first axis on the other side wall of the casing is spline fitted on the second transmission shaft so as to freely move radially. The torque can be transmitted from the second transmission shaft to the external shaft supported on the other side wall of the casing, and the second transmission shaft has radial play with respect to the external shaft. It is possible to avoid the self-centering effect being inhibited by the external axis.

  Further, according to a fifth feature of the present invention, the first transmission member is formed separately from the casing and is connected non-rotatably to the casing, and the first transmission member is connected to the casing in the radial direction. Since the play is imparted, the first transmission member can be automatically aligned with the second transmission member opposed thereto via the first transmission mechanism, and all the plurality of first rolling elements and the first and second transmissions The groove is properly engaged to improve the transmission efficiency of the first transmission mechanism. Further, since the second transmission shaft is given radial play with respect to the second external shaft, the third transmission member coaxially rotating with the second transmission shaft is the second transmission mechanism relative to the second transmission member opposed thereto. As a result, automatic alignment can be performed via the second transmission mechanism, and the transmission efficiency of the second transmission mechanism can be improved by properly engaging all of the plurality of second rolling elements with the third and fourth transmission grooves. Thus, a transmission having a high transmission efficiency can be obtained as a whole.

  Further, according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the mutual connection of the first transmission member and the casing allows relative axial relative movement between the first transmission member and the casing, and the first transmission member and this are opposed to each other. A biasing means for biasing the first to third transmission members toward the other side wall of the casing is interposed between one side wall of the casing and the first and second biasing forces by the biasing means. By acting on the transmission mechanism, it is possible to automatically eliminate the backlash between the transmission grooves and the rolling elements in each transmission mechanism, and this backlash elimination effect and the automatic transmission of the first and third transmission members to the second transmission member described above. Together with the aligning effect, the transmission efficiency of the first and second transmission mechanisms can be further improved.

Longitudinal front view of a differential gear according to an embodiment of the present invention Line 2-2 in FIG. 1 3-3 line sectional view of FIG. 1 Line 4-4 in FIG. 1

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the attached drawings.

  First, in FIG. 1, in a transmission case 1 of a car, a differential gear D as a transmission is accommodated together with a transmission. The differential device D has left and right first and second drives arranged to be relatively rotatable along the central axis of the differential device D, that is, the first axis line X1. The differential rotation between the drive axles A1 and A2 is allowed and distributed to the axles A1 and A2 (that is, the first and second outer shafts). Seals 4 and 4 'seal between the drive axles A1 and A2 and the transmission case 1.

  The differential device D includes a differential case C rotatably supported around the first axis X1 by the transmission case 1 and a differential mechanism 3 described later housed in the differential case C. The differential case C has a short cylindrical ring gear Cm integrally having a helical gear portion on its outer periphery, and a pair of left and right first and second side walls Ca and Cb whose outer peripheral end is joined to both axial ends of the ring gear Cm. Equipped with The joint surfaces of the outer peripheral end of the first and second side walls Ca and Cb and the ring gear Cm are integrally joined by an appropriate coupling means such as welding, adhesion or caulking.

  The first and second side walls Ca and Cb integrally have cylindrical boss-shaped first and second bearings B1 and B2 extending axially outward at respective inner peripheral end portions thereof. The outer peripheral portions of the second bearings B1 and B2 are rotatably supported around the first axis X1 by the transmission case 1 via the outer bearings 2 and 2 '. Further, first and second drive axles A1 and A2 having the first axis X1 as a rotation axis are rotatably fitted and supported on inner peripheral portions of the first and second bearings B1 and B2, respectively. An inner bearing separate from the differential case C is mounted on the inner peripheral portion of the first and second bearings B1 and B2, and the first and second drive axles A1 and A2 are rotatably supported by the inner bearings. You may

  Next, the structure of the differential mechanism 3 in the differential case C will be described. The differential mechanism 3 includes a ring-plate-shaped first transmission member 5 having the first axis X1 as a center axis, a first transmission axis S1 having the first axis X1 as a center axis, and a predetermined amount e from the first axis X1. Eccentric rotation member 6 integrally having an eccentric shaft portion 6e having a central axis that is the second axis X2 that is eccentric by only one side, and one side portion is disposed opposite to the first transmission member 5 and the eccentric shaft portion 6e via a bearing B3 An annular second transmission member 8 rotatably supported about the second axis X2, a ring plate third transmission member 9 disposed opposite to the other side of the second transmission member 8, a first and a second The first transmission mechanism T1 capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the second transmission members 5 and 8 and the second transmission mechanism T2 capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the second and third transmission members 8, 9 Components.

  The first transmission member 5 is accommodated in an annular recess 51 provided on the inner side surface of the first side wall Ca of the differential case C. The first transmission member 5 is connected to the first side wall Ca so as to be integrally rotated, and a play in the radial direction with respect to the differential case C is imparted to the first transmission member 5 at the connection portion. That is, on the outer peripheral end inner surface of the annular recess 51, the outer peripheral portion of the first transmission member 5 is spline fitted SP3 radially radially movably and axially slidable relative to each other. In this spline fitting SP3 portion, in order to smooth the radial movement, the circumferential direction (i.e., the rotational direction) is within a range that does not affect the torque transmission between the first transmission member 5 and the first side wall Ca. Even a little play is set.

  Further, as a coupling means between the first transmission member 5 and the first side wall Ca capable of torque transmission, radially movable and axially movable relative to each other, in place of the spline fitting SP3 as in this embodiment, A meshing means using dog teeth, clutch teeth or the like may be employed. In this case, also in the meshing portion, in order to smooth the radial movement, in the circumferential direction (that is, the rotational direction) within a range where there is no hindrance to the torque transmission between the first transmission member 5 and the first side wall Ca. A slight play is set.

  Further, the first transmission shaft S1, which is the main shaft of the eccentric rotation member 6, has a cylindrical shape, and the inner periphery of the first drive axle A1 is coaxially connected to the inner peripheral surface thereof (this embodiment) Then, spline fitting SP1) is performed. In the spline fitting SP1 portion of the present embodiment, radial play may or may not be provided.

  Further, the third transmission member 9 has the first axis X1 as a central axis, and a cylindrical second transmission axis S2 extending axially outward is coaxially connected to the inner peripheral end of the third transmission member 9 ( In the present embodiment, they are integrally formed. The coupled body of the third transmission member 9 and the second transmission shaft S2 is provided with radial play with respect to the differential case C, that is, a radial clearance allowing the play is between the coupled body and the differential case C. It is set. However, the play range is limited by the radial movement range of the second transmission shaft S2 at the spline fitting SP2 portion between the second transmission shaft S2 and the second drive axle A2 described below.

  On the inner peripheral surface of the second transmission shaft S2, the outer periphery of the inner end portion of the second drive axle A2 is spline fitted SP2 so as to be movable radially. In this spline fitting SP2 portion, in order to smooth the radial movement, the circumferential direction (that is, the rotational direction) within a range that does not affect torque transmission between the second transmission shaft S2 and the second drive axle A2. Even a little play is set.

  Thus, the second transmission member 8 is rotatably supported about the second axis X2 on the eccentric shaft portion 6e integral with the first transmission axis S1 having the first axis X1 as the central axis, thereby the second The transmission member 8 rotates about the second axis X2 with respect to the eccentric shaft 6e as the eccentric rotation member 6 (that is, the first transmission shaft S1) rotates about the first axis X1, and rotates to the first transmission shaft S1. On the other hand, it can revolve around the first axis X1.

  The second transmission member 8 has an annular first half 8a rotatably supported by the eccentric shaft 6e of the eccentric rotation member 6 via the bearing B3, and a space between the first half 8a. It includes an annular second half 8b opposed to each other, and a cylindrical connecting member 8c integrally connecting the two halves 8a and 8b so as to surround a space between the two halves 8a and 8b. The first transmission mechanism T1 is provided between the first half 8a and the first transmission member 5, and the second transmission mechanism T2 is provided between the second half 8b and the third transmission member 9. Be

  Furthermore, the differential mechanism 3 has a phase opposite to the combined barycenter of the eccentric shaft 6e of the eccentric rotating member 6 and the second transmission member 8 across the first axis X1 and is larger than the radius of rotation of the combined barycenter. A balance weight 7 having a radius is provided in the internal space of the second transmission member 8. The balance weight 7 is mounted so as to rotate integrally with the first transmission shaft S1 which is the main shaft portion of the eccentric rotation member 6. Further, the second transmission member 8 is provided with a plurality of openings 11 which can be used for attachment of the balance weight 7 and circulation of lubricating oil in the peripheral wall of the connecting member 8c.

  Next, the first and second transmission mechanisms T1 and T2 will be described in order. A corrugated annular first transmission groove 21 centered on the first axis X1 is formed on the inner side surface of the first transmission member 5 opposite to one side surface (that is, the first half 8a) of the second transmission member 8. The first transmission groove 21 extends in the circumferential direction along a hypotrochoid curve whose base circle is a virtual circle having a center on the first axis X1 in the illustrated example. On the other hand, on one side surface (first half 8a) of the second transmission member 8 opposite to the first transmission member 5, a corrugated second transmission groove 22 centered on the second axis X2 is formed. The second transmission groove 22 extends circumferentially along an epitrochoid curve whose base circle is a virtual circle centered on the second axis X2 in the illustrated example, and has a wave number smaller than that of the first transmission groove 21. It has and intersects with the first transmission groove 21 at a plurality of places. A plurality of first transmission balls 23 as first rolling elements are interposed at intersections (that is, overlapping portions) of the first transmission grooves 21 and the second transmission grooves 22, and each first transmission ball 23 is The inner side surfaces of the first and second transmission grooves 21 and 22 are rollable.

  Between the opposing surfaces of the first transmission member 5 and the second transmission member 8 (first half 8a), an annular flat first holding member capable of rotatably holding the plurality of first rolling balls 23 H1 is inserted.

  Further, on the other side surface of the second transmission member 8 (i.e., the second half 8b), a corrugated annular third transmission groove 24 centered on the second axis X2 is formed, and this third transmission groove 24 is shown in FIG. In the example shown, it extends in the circumferential direction along the hypotrochoid curve whose base circle is an imaginary circle centered on the second axis X2. On the other hand, on the surface of the third transmission member 9 facing the second transmission member 8, a corrugated annular fourth transmission groove 25 centered on the first axis X1 is formed. The fourth transmission groove 25 extends circumferentially along an epitrochoid curve whose base circle is a virtual circle centered on the first axis X1 in the illustrated example, and has a wave number smaller than that of the third transmission groove 24. It has and intersects the third transmission groove 24 at a plurality of locations. A plurality of second transmission balls 26 as second rolling elements are interposed at intersections (overlaps) of the third transmission grooves 24 and the fourth transmission grooves 25, and each second transmission ball 26 is a third transmission ball. And the inner side surface of the 4th transmission groove 24 and 25 is rollable.

  Between the opposing surfaces of the third transmission member 9 and the second transmission member 8 (second half 8b), an annular flat second holding member capable of rotatably holding the plurality of second rolling balls 26 H2 is inserted.

  In the above, assuming that the wave number of the first transmission groove 21 is Z1, the wave number of the second transmission groove 22 is Z2, the wave number of the third transmission groove 24 is Z3, and the wave number of the fourth transmission groove 25 is Z4, the following equation holds Thus, the first to fourth transmission grooves 21, 22, 24, 25 are formed.

(Z1 / Z2) × (Z3 / Z4) = 2
Desirably, as illustrated, Z1 = 8, Z2 = 6, Z3 = 6, Z4 = 4, or Z1 = 6, Z2 = 4, Z3 = 8, Z4 = 6.

  In the illustrated example, the eight first transmission grooves 21 and the six second transmission grooves 22 intersect at seven locations, and seven intersections (overlapping portions) of the seven locations transmit seven first transmission balls 23. In addition, the third transmission groove 24 of six waves and the fourth transmission groove 25 of four waves intersect at five points, and five second transmission balls 26 are provided at the intersections (overlapping portions) of the five points. Is interspersed.

  Thus, the first transmission groove 21, the second transmission groove 22 and the first transmission ball 23 cooperate with one another to transmit torque while changing the speed between the first transmission member 5 and the second transmission member 8. The third transmission groove 24, the fourth transmission groove 25, and the second transmission ball 26 cooperate with one another to constitute a transmission mechanism T1, and to transmit torque while shifting between the second transmission member 8 and the third transmission member 9 A possible second transmission mechanism T2 is configured.

  By the way, although the first transmission member 5 is formed separately from the first side wall Ca of the differential case C, the first to third transmission members 5 are formed between the first transmission member 5 and the first side wall Ca. , 8 and 9 as biasing means for biasing the second side wall Cb toward the second side wall Cb. The disc spring 50 is held in an appropriate elastic compression state so as to generate a predetermined biasing force in a set state between the first transmission member 5 and the first side wall Ca. The biasing means is not limited to the disc spring as in this embodiment, but various elastic members which can be interposed between the first transmission member 5 and the first side wall Ca and can exert the biasing force. For example, rubber, wave washers, leaf springs, etc. may be used.

  Further, between the opposing surfaces of the second side wall Cb of the differential case C and the third transmission member 9, a thrust washer 15 capable of relative sliding is interposed on at least one of the opposing surfaces. The thrust washer 15 is fitted and held in the annular recess provided on the outer side surface of the third transmission member 9 in the present embodiment, but is an annular recess in which the thrust washer 15 is fitted and held on the inner side surface of the second side wall Cb. May be provided.

  Since the thrust washer 15 is interposed between the facing surfaces of the second side wall Cb and the third transmission member 9, the rotational friction (and hence the wear) between the facing surfaces can be reduced. Durability of opposing surfaces is improved. Moreover, the thrust washer 15 can also function as a shim for adjusting the initial load of the biasing force of the disc spring 50. For example, a plurality of types of thrust washers 15 having different thicknesses are prepared in advance. By selecting an arbitrary thrust washer 15 from among them, the initial load of the biasing force of the disc spring 50 can be easily and accurately adjusted.

  Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described.

  Now, for example, in a state where the eccentric rotary member 6 (and thus the eccentric shaft 6e) is fixed by fixing the first drive axle A1 on the right side, the ring gear Cm is driven by the power from the engine, and the differential case C and thus the first When the transmission member 5 is rotated about the first axis X 1, the eight transmission grooves 21 of the first transmission member 5 move the second transmission grooves 22 of the second transmission member 8 to the first transmission ball 23. Since it drives, the 1st transmission member 5 will drive the 2nd transmission member 8 with the speed-up ratio of 8/6. Then, according to the rotation of the second transmission member 8, the third transmission groove 24 of the six waves of the second transmission member 8 travels the second transmission ball 26 of the fourth transmission groove 25 of the four waves of the third transmission member 9. Since the second transmission member 8 is driven, the third transmission member 9 is driven at a speed increasing ratio of 6/4.

After all, the first transmission member 5
(Z1 / Z2) × (Z3 / Z4) = (8/6) × (6/4) = 2
The third transmission member 9 is driven at a speed increasing ratio of

  On the other hand, in a state where the third transmission member 9 is fixed by fixing the left second drive axle A2, when the differential case (thus, the first transmission member 5) is rotated, the rotational drive force of the first transmission member 5 and The second transmission member 8 rotates on the eccentric shaft 6e (the second axis X2) of the eccentric rotation member 6 by the driving reaction force of the second transmission member 8 to the stationary third transmission member 9, while rotating The eccentric shaft 6e is driven around the first axis X1 by revolving around the one axis X1. As a result, the first transmission member 5 drives the eccentric rotation member 6 with a double speed increase ratio.

  Thus, when the loads of the eccentric rotation member 6 and the third transmission member 9 balance each other or mutually change, the rotation amount and revolution amount of the second transmission member 8 change steplessly, and eccentric rotation The average value of the rotational speeds of the member 6 and the third transmission member 9 becomes equal to the rotational speed of the first transmission member 5. Thus, the rotation of the first transmission member 5 is distributed to the eccentric rotation member 6 and the third transmission member 9, and thus the rotational force transmitted from the ring gear Cm to the differential case C can be distributed to the left and right drive axles A1 and A2. it can.

  At that time, the differential function is secured by setting Z1 = 8, Z2 = 6, Z3 = 6, Z4 = 4, or setting Z1 = 6, Z2 = 4, Z3 = 8, Z4 = 6. The weir structure can be simplified.

  By the way, in this differential device D, the rotational torque of the first transmission member 5 is transmitted to the second transmission member 8 via the first transmission groove 21, the plurality of first transmission balls 23 and the second transmission groove 22, and the second transmission member 8. The rotational torque of the second transmission member 8 is transmitted to the third transmission member 9 through the third transmission groove 24, the plurality of second transmission balls 26, and the fourth transmission groove 25, so that the first transmission member 5 and the Between each of the second transmission member 8, the second transmission member 8 and the third transmission member 9, torque transmission is performed in a distributed manner at a plurality of locations where the first and second transmission balls 23 and 26 are present. It is possible to increase the strength and reduce the weight of each of the transmission elements such as the first to third transmission members 5, 8 and 9 and the first and second transmission balls 23 and 26.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the first transmission member 5 is configured separately from the differential case C, and is axially slidable relative to the differential case C and non-rotatably connected (spline fitting SP3), Between the first transmission member 5 and the first side wall Ca of the differential case C opposite thereto, a biasing force is applied to bias the first to third transmission members 5, 8, 9 toward the second side wall Cb. A disc spring 50 as a means is interposed. Then, the resilient biasing force of the disc spring 50 acts on the first and second transmission mechanisms T1, T2, and the transmission grooves 21, 22 (24, 25) and the balls 23 in each transmission mechanism T1 (T2). (26) Since the backlash between them is automatically eliminated, the transmission efficiency of each of the transmission mechanisms T1, T2 is enhanced. As a result, both the transmissions do not require special high processing accuracy in the support of the first transmission member 5, the first transmission shaft S1, and the third transmission member 9 (second transmission shaft S2) to the differential case C. Since the transmission efficiency of the mechanisms T1 and T2 is enhanced, the manufacturing cost of the differential device D can be reduced.

  Moreover, since the disc spring 50 is interposed between the differential case C and the first transmission member 5 which are connected non-rotatably relative to each other, the disc spring 50 frictions the differential case C and the first transmission member 5 even during transmission. And wear is avoided to ensure high durability.

  Moreover, in the present embodiment, in the region of the spline fitting SP3 between the first transmission member 5 and the differential case C, the first transmission member 5 is provided with radial play with respect to the differential case C. Due to the biasing engagement of the first ball 23 and the first and second transmission grooves 21 and 22, the first transmission member 5 is not affected by the differential case C with respect to the second transmission member 8, and the first transmission mechanism T1. It is possible to automatically align (that is, maintain the relative positional relationship parallel to each other while maintaining the predetermined eccentricity between the rotation axes of the first and second transmission members 5 and 8). As a result, all of the plurality of first balls 23 and the first and second transmission grooves 21 and 22 can be properly engaged, so that the transmission efficiency of the first transmission mechanism T1 can be further improved.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the third transmission member 9 is provided with radial play with respect to the differential case C, biasing of the second ball 26 and the third and fourth transmission grooves 24 and 25 by the disc spring 50 is performed. By engagement, the third transmission member 9 is automatically aligned with the second transmission member 8 through the second transmission mechanism T2 without being influenced by the differential case C (ie, the first and second transmission members 5, 8). It is possible to maintain the facing positional relationship parallel to each other while maintaining the predetermined eccentricity between the rotation axes. As a result, since all of the plurality of second balls 26 can be properly engaged with the third and fourth transmission grooves 24 and 25, the transmission efficiency of the second transmission mechanism T2 can be further improved.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the second drive axle A2 rotatably supported on the second side wall Cb (i.e., the second bearing B2) of the differential case C is spline fitted SP2 radially movably on the second transmission shaft S2. Therefore, torque can be transmitted from the second transmission shaft S2 to the second drive axle A2 extending outside the differential case C, and the second transmission shaft S2 has a diameter relative to the second drive axle A2 at the spline fitting SP2 portion. Because of the directional play, it is possible to avoid that the above-mentioned self-aligning action of the third transmission member 9 is hindered by the second drive axle A2.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention can perform various design changes in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  For example, in the embodiment, the differential gear D is illustrated as a transmission, and the power input from the power source to the differential case C (first transmission member 5) is transmitted through the first and second transmission mechanisms T1 and T2. Although the first and second transmission shafts S1 and S2 are shown to allow distribution while allowing differential rotation, the present invention is also applicable to various transmissions other than differentials. For example, the casing corresponding to the differential case C of the embodiment is a fixed transmission case, and one of the first and second transmission shafts S1 and S2 is an input shaft, and the other is an output shaft. The differential gear D according to the embodiment can be diverted as a transmission (speed reducer or speed increaser) capable of shifting (decelerating or accelerating) the rotational torque input to the input shaft and transmitting it to the output shaft. In that case, such a transmission (speed reducer or speed increaser) is the transmission of the present invention. In this case, the transmission may be a transmission for a vehicle or transmission for various mechanical devices other than a vehicle.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the differential device D as the transmission device is accommodated in the transmission case M of the vehicle for the vehicle, but the differential device D is not limited to the differential device for the vehicle It can also be implemented as a differential for various mechanical devices.

  In the above embodiment, the differential device D as a transmission is applied to the left and right wheel transmission systems to distribute power while allowing differential rotation to the left and right drive axles A1 and A2. Although shown, in the present invention, a differential gear as a transmission is applied to a front and rear wheel transmission system in a front and rear wheel drive vehicle to allow power while allowing differential rotation of front and rear drive wheels. It may be distributed.

  Also, although the second transmission member 8 of the embodiment has exemplified a structure in which the first and second halves 8a and 8b and the connecting member 8c are separately manufactured and then the three members are integrally coupled, In the present invention, the second transmission member 8 is another embodiment (for example, a sintered product) in which the first and second halves 8a and 8b and the connecting member 8c are integrally formed (eg, a sintered product). Is also assumed. In that case, the second transmission member 8 may be configured in a flat plate shape in the axial direction.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the transmission grooves 21, 22; 24 and 25 of the first and second transmission mechanisms T1 and T2 are wave-shaped annular grooves along the trochoid curve, but these transmission grooves are not limited to the embodiment. For example, it may be a corrugated annular wave groove along a cycloid curve.

  In the above embodiment, the first and second ball-shaped first and second transmission grooves T1 and T2 of the first and second transmission mechanisms T1 and T2, and the ball-shaped first and second transmission grooves T24 and T25, respectively. Although two rolling elements 23 and 26 are interposed, the rolling elements may be in the form of rollers or pins, in which case, the first and second transmission grooves 21 and 22 and the third and fourth may be used. The transmission grooves 24 and 25 are formed in an inner side shape so that roller-like or pin-like rolling elements can roll.

  In the above embodiment, the first and second holding members H1 and H2 are used to smoothly roll the first and second balls 23 and 26, but the first and second holding members are illustrated. If the first and second balls 23 and 26 can roll smoothly without H1 and H2, the first and second holding members H1 and H2 may be omitted.

A1, A2 .. First and second drive axles (first and second outer shafts)
C · · · · Differential case (casing)
Ca, Cb · · · First and second side walls (one side wall, other side wall)
D ··· Differential (transmission)
S1, S2,..., First and second transmission shafts SP1 to SP3 .. Spline fitting (connection)
T1, T2 · · · First and second transmission mechanism X1, X2 · · · First and second axis 5 ··· First transmission member 6 · · · Eccentric rotation member 6e · · · Eccentric shaft portion 8 ··· Second transmission member 9 ··· Third transmission member 15 ··· · · · Thrust washer (sim)
21, 22 · · · first and second transmission grooves 23, 26 · · · first and second balls (first and second rolling elements)
24, 25 · · · 3rd, 4th power transmission groove 50 ······ Disc spring (biasing means)

Claims (6)

A first transmission member (5) whose central axis is the first axis (X1);
A first transmission shaft (S1) rotating about a first axis (X1) and an eccentric shaft (6e) having a second axis (X2) eccentric from the first axis (X1) integrally connected Eccentric rotating member (6),
A second transmission member (8) rotatably supported by the eccentric shaft (6e) about a second axis (X2) and facing the first transmission member (5);
A third transmission member (9) coaxially connected to the second transmission shaft (S2) rotating about the first axis (X1) and facing the second transmission member (8);
A first transmission mechanism (T1) capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the first and second transmission members (5, 8);
A second transmission mechanism (T2) capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the second and third transmission members (8, 9);
A casing (C) for housing the first to third transmission members (5, 8, 9);
The first transmission mechanism (T1) is a corrugated annular first member located on the surface of the first transmission member (5) facing the second transmission member (8) and centered on the first axis (X1). The wave number is a first transmission in a wave ring in a wave ring on the opposite surface of the transmission groove (21) and the second transmission member (8) to the first transmission member (5) and centered on the second axis (X2) A second transmission groove (22) different from the groove (21) and a plurality of intersections of the first and second transmission grooves (21, 22) are interposed, and the first and second transmission grooves (21, 22 A plurality of first rolling elements (23) for shifting transmission between the first and second transmission members (5, 8) while rolling
The second transmission mechanism (T2) is a corrugated annular third member located on the surface of the second transmission member (8) facing the third transmission member (9) and centered on the second axis (X2). The third transmission has a wave number in the form of a wave ring in the surface facing the transmission groove (24) and the second transmission member (8) of the third transmission member (9) and centered on the first axis (X1) A fourth transmission groove (25) different from the groove (24) and a plurality of intersections of the third and fourth transmission grooves (24, 25) are interposed to form third and fourth transmission grooves (24, 25). And a plurality of second rolling elements (26) that perform shift transmission between the second and third transmission members (8, 9) while rolling
Transmission in which transmission is performed between the first and second transmission shafts (S1, S2), or rotational torque is distributed from the casing (C) to the first and second transmission shafts (S1, S2) A device,
The first transmission member (5) is configured separately from the casing (C), and is coupled axially movably and relatively non-rotatably (SP3) with respect to the casing (C),
The first to third transmission members (5, 8, 9) are disposed between the first transmission member (5) and one side wall (Ca) of the casing (C) opposite to the first transmission member (5). C) biasing means (50) for biasing toward the other side wall (Cb),
The first transmission member (5) is provided with radial play with respect to the casing (C).   Initial load of biasing force of the biasing means (50) between the other side wall (Cb) of the casing (C) and the third transmission member (9) opposed to the other side wall (Cb) 2. A transmission as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a shim (15) is provided which adjusts.   The transmission according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the third transmission member (9) is provided with radial play with respect to the casing (C).   In the second transmission shaft (S2), an external shaft (A2) rotatably supported around the first axis (X1) on the other side wall (Cb) of the casing (C) is radially splined so as to freely move Transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that it is fitted (SP2). A first transmission member (5) whose central axis is the first axis (X1);
A first transmission shaft (S1) rotating about a first axis (X1) and an eccentric shaft (6e) having a second axis (X2) eccentric from the first axis (X1) integrally connected Eccentric rotating member (6),
A second transmission member (8) rotatably supported by the eccentric shaft (6e) about a second axis (X2) and facing the first transmission member (5);
A third transmission member (9) coaxially connected to the second transmission shaft (S2) rotating about the first axis (X1) and facing the second transmission member (8);
A first transmission mechanism (T1) capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the first and second transmission members (5, 8);
A second transmission mechanism (T2) capable of transmitting torque while shifting between the second and third transmission members (8, 9);
A casing (C) for housing the first to third transmission members (5, 8, 9);
The first transmission mechanism (T1) is a corrugated annular first member located on the surface of the first transmission member (5) facing the second transmission member (8) and centered on the first axis (X1). The wave number is a first transmission in a wave ring in a wave ring on the opposite surface of the transmission groove (21) and the second transmission member (8) to the first transmission member (5) and centered on the second axis (X2) A second transmission groove (22) different from the groove (21) and a plurality of intersections of the first and second transmission grooves (21, 22) are interposed, and the first and second transmission grooves (21, 22 A plurality of first rolling elements (23) for shifting transmission between the first and second transmission members (5, 8) while rolling
The second transmission mechanism (T2) is a corrugated annular third member located on the surface of the second transmission member (8) facing the third transmission member (9) and centered on the second axis (X2). The third transmission has a wave number in the form of a wave ring in the surface facing the transmission groove (24) and the second transmission member (8) of the third transmission member (9) and centered on the first axis (X1) A fourth transmission groove (25) different from the groove (24) and a plurality of intersections of the third and fourth transmission grooves (24, 25) are interposed to form third and fourth transmission grooves (24, 25). And a plurality of second rolling elements (26) that perform shift transmission between the second and third transmission members (8, 9) while rolling
Transmission in which transmission is performed between the first and second transmission shafts (S1, S2), or rotational torque is distributed from the casing (C) to the first and second transmission shafts (S1, S2) A device,
The first transmission shaft (S1) is mounted on a first external shaft (A1) rotatably supported about a first axis (X1) on one side wall (Ca) of the casing (C), 2 The transmission shaft (S2) can not rotate relative to the second external shaft (A2) rotatably supported around the first axis (X1) on the other side wall (Cb) of the casing (C) Consolidated (SP1, SP2),
The first transmission member (5) is configured separately from the casing (C), and is coupled to the casing (C) so as not to be relatively rotatable (SP3).
A radial play with respect to the casing (C) is given to the first transmission member (5), and a radial play with respect to the second outer shaft (A2) is given to the second transmission shaft (S2). Transmission device characterized by The mutual connection (SP3) of the first transmission member (5) and the casing (C) allows relative axial relative movement between the first transmission member (5) and the casing (C),
The first to third transmission members (5, 8, 9) are disposed between the first transmission member (5) and the one side wall (Ca) of the casing (C) opposite to the first transmission member (5). A transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that biasing means (50) are provided which bias towards the other side wall (Cb) of (C).

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