JP2019077922A - Molded body for refining or smelting additive - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a molded body to be added in a refining or smelting step, having sufficient strength not to adversely affect operability and the like while exhibiting a sufficient diffusing capacity when added to a system.SOLUTION: The molded body to be added in a smelting step, contains at least one expandable material selected from a group consisting of expandable graphite, vermiculite and perlite as much as 0.1 to 45 pts.wt. with respect to 100 pts.mass of the molded body, and at least one material selected from a group consisting of carbons, iron, lime, nonferrous metals, slags and resins, and is made by being molded into a shape of a disc type, a cylindrical type, a Macek type, an egg type, a pillow type, a lens type or an almond type so that a crushing strength of the molded body is 30 to 1000 kgf.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a molding for refining or smelting addition containing an expanding agent.

  In the refining or smelting process, various additives such as a deoxidizing material, a temperature raising material, a heat retaining material, a steelmaking material or a carbonized material are added to the reaction system to obtain the target metal, metal compound or purified product thereof Add the agent.

  For example, a deoxidizer is used to remove oxygen in molten steel in a steelmaking process, and mainly contains an aluminum-based material represented by aluminum dross as an active ingredient. In addition, in the field of steel making, carbon materials such as coke and graphite are used as an active component of a temperature raising material or a heat insulating material, and also used as an active component of a carburizing material for adjusting the carbon amount of steel.

  It is desirable that these additives readily diffuse their active ingredients in the system to rapidly exhibit their effects. On the other hand, the above-mentioned additives improve the convenience of transportation and transportation, etc .; to make the operation at the time of introduction into the system easy; increase in sedimentation after being introduced into the system; In order to achieve dust prevention and the like at the time of charging, it is considered necessary to have a certain strength or more.

  On the other hand, in the field of casting not related to these refining or smelting processes, as described in Patent Document 1, expanded graphite, which is a typical example of a component exhibiting an expansion effect, is used as a core (na cage) It is known to be Moreover, it is known that vermiculite which is a component which exhibits the same effect is also used in the field of a mold as described in Patent Document 2.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2010-036252 JP, 2009-161409, A

  As described above, the additive (molded body) used in the refining or smelting process is disc-shaped or formed using a tableting machine or a briquette machine for the purpose of improving convenience such as transportation and transportation. It is molded into a shape having a certain degree of strength, such as cylindrical tablets, Macek type, egg type or pillow type.

  On the other hand, when a molded body having the above strength is added into the system, the active ingredient contained in the system does not sufficiently diffuse into the system, and as a result, it becomes difficult to exhibit the effect.

  The present invention provides a shaped body to be added in a refining or smelting process, having sufficient strength not to affect operability, etc. while exhibiting a sufficient diffusion ability when added into the system. To be an issue.

  As a result of intensive investigations by the present inventors in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is possible to obtain sufficient strength by adopting an expansive material which has not been used in the field related to refining or smelting process. And, it has been found that it is possible to provide a shaped body rich in diffusion ability after addition.

  The present invention has been made based on the above-described findings, and broadly includes the invention of the embodiments shown below.

  Item 1 A compact for refining or smelting addition, which contains at least one expansive material selected from the group consisting of expanded graphite, vermiculite and perlite.

  Item 2 The refining or smelting addition according to item 1, further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of carbons, iron, lime, non-ferrous metals, mineral stalks and resins. Moldings.

  Item 3 The molded article for refining or smelting addition described in Item 2, wherein the carbons mentioned above are at least one selected from the group consisting of coal, coke and graphite.

  Item 4 The smelting or smelting addition according to item 2, wherein the nonferrous metals mentioned above are at least one selected from the group consisting of nickel, chromium, silicon, manganese, molybdenum, titanium, phosphorus, sulfur, copper and vanadium Moldings.

  Item 5 A shaped body for refining or smelting addition according to item 2, wherein the above-described mineral and ore is steel slag and / or aluminum dross.

  Item 6 The molded article for refining or smelting addition described in Item 2, wherein the above-mentioned resins are hydrocarbons and / or plastics.

  Item 7 A molded product for refining or smelting addition according to Item 6, wherein the above-mentioned hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of paraffin, pitch and tar.

  Item 8 The refining according to item 6, wherein the plastics mentioned above are selected from the group consisting of phenol, epoxy, melamine, polyester, polyurethane, polyimide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, nylon, polycarbonate, acrylic and polyethylene terephthalate resins. Molded body for smelting addition.

  Item 9: A molded product for refining or smelting addition according to any one of items 1 to 8, characterized in that 0.1 to 45 parts by weight of the expansive material is contained with respect to 100 parts by mass of the molded product. .

  Item 10 A molded product for refining or smelting addition described in any one of Items 1 to 9, characterized in that the crushing strength of the molded product is 30 to 1000 kgf.

  Item 11: The refining or smelting described in any one of items 1 to 10, characterized in that the shape is a disc shape, a column shape, a machec shape, a egg shape, a pillow shape, a lens shape or an almond shape. Additive molding.

  The molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention exerts an action of diffusing easily when administered into the system. Based on this action, the active ingredient contained in the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention does not remain in the system, and the effect of the active ingredient can be exhibited at an early stage.

  Since the formation body for refining or smelting addition of the present invention has sufficient strength, it is advantageous in terms of convenience such as transportation and transportation. In addition, it is possible to expect effects such as an improvement in workability when this is introduced into the system, an increase in sedimentation after being introduced into the system, and a prevention of dusting when introduced into the system.

The photographic image which shows the result of Example 1. FIG. The result of a disintegration test at 1000 ° C. of a molded body containing expanded graphite at a concentration of 0% by weight, 0.1% by weight or 0.3% by weight is shown. In the figure, in order to heat a molded object, the elapsed time after installing these in an electric furnace is described. The photographic image which shows the result of Example 1. FIG. The result of a disintegration test at 1000 ° C. of a molded body containing expanded graphite at a concentration of 0.5% by weight or 1% by weight is shown. In the figure, in order to heat a molded object, the elapsed time after installing these in an electric furnace is described. The photographic image which shows the result of Example 1. FIG. The result of a disintegration test at 1400 ° C. of a molded body containing expanded graphite at a concentration of 0% by weight, 0.1% by weight or 0.3% by weight is shown. In the electric furnace to heat the molded body in the figure. Note the elapsed time since installing these. The photographic image which shows the result of Example 1. FIG. In a diagram showing the results of the disintegration test at 1400 ° C. of a shaped body containing expanded graphite at a concentration of 0.5% by weight or 1% by weight, these are placed in an electric furnace to heat the shaped body. Note the elapsed time from The photographic image which shows the result of Example 2. FIG. The result of the disintegration test of the cast containing vermiculite of various concentration is shown. Each photographic image shows the appearance after the installation for 3 minutes and the installation for 5 minutes before installing the molded body in an electric furnace at 1000 ° C. The photographic image which shows the result of Example 2. FIG. The result of a disintegration test of the forming object containing 0.5 weight% and 1% of expanded graphite is shown. Each photographic image shows the appearance after placing for 3 minutes and placing for 5 minutes before placing the molded body in an electric furnace at 1200 ° C. The photographic image which shows the result of Example 2. FIG. The result of disintegration experiment of the forming object containing vermiculite of various concentration and 0.5 weight% of graphite is shown. Each photographic image shows the appearance after placing for 3 minutes and placing for 5 minutes before placing the molded body in an electric furnace at 1200 ° C. The photographic image which shows the result of Example 3. FIG. The result of the disintegration test of the molded object which does not contain various expansion materials is shown. Each photograph image shows a state after setting for 5 minutes, setting for 10 minutes, and setting for 20 minutes, before installing a molded object in an electric furnace at 1200 ° C. (corresponding to “before loading” in the figure). In addition, the numerical value described in the photograph image of "before input" shows the pressure which produced the molded object, and the position of the molded object shown to each other photographic image is the same as this. The photographic image which shows the result of Example 3. FIG. The appearance after installing for 5 minutes before installing in a 1400 degreeC electric furnace the molded object containing the vermiculite of 1 weight% and a density | concentration of 5 weight% which were prepared by shaping | molding by various shaping | molding pressure is shown. In addition, the numerical value described in the photographic image shown in "1%" "before insertion" shows the pressure which produced the molded object, and the molded object of the same position as these photographic images shown in "5%" "before insertion" It shows that they are moldings obtained by molding at the same pressure. Further, in both “1%” and “5%”, the positions of the molded products of the photographic image before and after 5 minutes are the same. The photographic image which shows the result of Example 3. FIG. The appearance after installing for 5 minutes before installing in a 1400 degreeC electric furnace the molded object containing 1weight% of expanded graphite of F goods and N goods produced by shape | molding by various molding pressure is shown. In addition, the numerical value described in the photograph image shown to "F product: 1%" "before insertion" shows the pressure which produced the molded object, These are the same as the photographic image shown to "N product: 1%" "before insertion." The molded articles at the positions indicate that they are molded articles obtained by molding at the same pressure. Further, in both “F product: 1%” and “N product: 1%”, the positions of the moldings of the photographic image before and after 5 minutes are the same.

<Explanation of terms>
The terms "including" and "containing" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes the meanings of both "comprising as essential" and "consisting only of."

  The term "refining" as used herein means a refining step that increases the purity of the crude metal. For example, this corresponds to the step of melting and oxidizing or reducing the crude metal.

  As used herein, the term "smelting" refers to the process of producing a metal or alloy by separating or extracting the contained metal from ore or other feedstock. For example, in the steel field, a step of melting iron ore with a melting furnace or the like to produce pig iron, etc.

Molded bodies for refining or smelting addition The shaped bodies for refining or smelting addition according to the present invention are various types of addition molded bodies used in the field of refining or smelting, and from the group consisting of expanded graphite, vermiculite and perlite It contains at least one expander selected.

  That is, the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention contains at least one expansive material selected from the group consisting of expansive graphite, vermiculite and perlite to an additive used in the field of refining or smelting. It can be said that this is a molded body.

  The expanded graphite described above is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited. Specifically, a volume change usually occurs at about 150 to 500 ° C., and a coefficient of expansion after the volume change of about 200% or more, preferably about 400% or more can be selected.

  The expansion material contained in the molded body for refining or smelting addition of the present invention changes its volume at about 150 ° C. or higher, ie, exerts the expansion effect, thereby expanding the molded body before being introduced into the system. It is possible to prevent the effect from being exhibited.

  The temperature in the system to which the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention is added is usually about 1000 ° C. or higher, but the person who exerts the expansion effect at about 500 ° C., which is a lower temperature, is The active ingredient described later contained in the molded body together with the expansive material can be diffused more quickly.

  In addition, by setting the expansion coefficient of the expansive material contained in the molded body for refining or smelting addition of the present invention to about 200% or more, the amount of the expansive material contained in the molded body can be reduced, It is possible to blend more active ingredients.

The vermiculite described above is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited. Specifically _{(Mg 1-x (Mg,} Fe, Fe 3+, Al) 3 (Si, Al) 4 O 10 (OH) 2 · 4H 2 O) has a chemical composition of, soil improvement, construction materials , A gasket material, or a component used for applications such as a seal material. Further, similarly to the above-described expanded graphite, a volume change usually occurs at about 150 to 500 ° C., and a coefficient of expansion after the volume change of about 200% or more, preferably about 400% or more is selected. be able to.

  The above-mentioned perlite is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited. Specifically, it is a component used for horticultural culture, soil improvement, filter media, cold storage material, cold storage material, etc., and, like the above-mentioned expanded graphite and vermiculite, it is usually at a volume of about 150 to 500 ° C. A change occurs, and the expansion coefficient after the volume change can be selected to have a characteristic of usually about 200% or more, preferably about 400% or more.

  The additive used in the above-described refining or smelting field is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited. Specifically, a carburizing material, a temperature rising material, a deoxidizing material, a desulfurizing material, a dephosphorizing material, a sedative material, a nonferrous metal additive material, etc. can be mentioned.

  The above-mentioned recarburizing material is a material which exhibits the effect of adjusting the carbon concentration in the system to be charged, and contains carbons typified by coal, coke or graphite as an effective component.

  The above-mentioned temperature raising material is a material which exerts an effect of raising the temperature in the system to be introduced by combustion reaction, carbons mainly represented by coal, coke or graphite, etc .; silicon; aluminum or magnesium Nonferrous metals represented by etc. or iron etc. are included as an active ingredient.

  The above-described deoxidizing material is a material that exerts the effect of reducing the oxygen concentration in the system to be charged, and contains aluminum or aluminum dross as an active ingredient.

  The above-mentioned desulfurizing material is a material that exerts the effect of reducing the concentration of sulfur in the system to be charged, and contains lime, aluminum dross, etc. as an active ingredient.

  The above-mentioned dephosphorization material is a material which exerts the effect of reducing the phosphorus concentration in the system to be charged, and contains lime or the like as an active ingredient.

  The above-mentioned sedative material is a material which exhibits the effect of preventing or suppressing the sloping and forming in the system to be introduced, and contains resins as an active ingredient.

  The non-ferrous metal additive described above is a material that exerts the effect of imparting the non-ferrous metal component in the system to be introduced into the system, and nickel, chromium, silicon, manganese, molybdenum, titanium, phosphorus, sulfur, copper Or nonferrous metals, such as vanadium, are included as an active ingredient.

  Therefore, the compact for refining or smelting addition of the present invention is represented by the expansive material described above, carbons represented by coal, coke, graphite etc., iron, lime, non-ferrous metals, steel slag, aluminum dross etc. It can be set as the aspect containing the active ingredients, such as mineral wastes and hydrocarbon which are carried out, or plastics resin.

  The above-mentioned hydrocarbon is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited. For example, paraffin, pitch or tar can be mentioned. Further, the above-described plastics are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited. For example, phenol, epoxy, melamine, polyester, polyurethane, polyimide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, nylon, polycarbonate, acrylic or polyethylene terephthalate resin can be mentioned.

  The above-mentioned epoxy, melamine and acrylic resins are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited. For example, known resins can be appropriately selected.

  The content of the above-mentioned intumescent material in the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited. Specifically, the amount is usually about 0.1 to 45 parts by weight, preferably about 0.3 to 30 parts by weight, and more preferably about 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the molding for refining or smelting.

  By adding an expansion material of about 0.1 part by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention, the additive added into the system is easily disintegrated and the effect contained in the molding is It tends to be easy to exhibit the effect that a component spreads sufficiently.

  Further, by setting the content of the expansive material to about 45 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the molding for refining or smelting addition, there is a tendency that the effect by the active ingredient contained in the above-mentioned molding can be sufficiently exhibited. Become.

  The crushing strength of the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited. Specifically, as a numerical value measured by a crushing strength test method according to JIS Z 8841 "granulated product-strength test method", usually about 30 to 1000 kgf, preferably about 50 to 500 kgf, more preferably about 100 to 200 kgf It can be mentioned.

  By setting the crushing strength of the molded body for refining or smelting addition of the present invention to about 30 kgf or more, dusting is suppressed by forming the molded body, and the effect of improving the handling property tends to be easily exhibited. . In addition, by setting the crushing strength of the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention to about 1000 kgf or less, after being introduced into the system, the molding is rapidly disintegrated and dispersed, and the effect of exhibiting the effect of the active ingredient Tend to exert

  The shape of the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited. For example, a disk type, a cylinder type, a Macek type, a egg type, a pillow type, a lens type, an almond type etc. can be mentioned.

  The above-mentioned molding for refining or smelting addition can be obtained by blending the above-mentioned expansive agent together with a binder, if necessary, with various additives used in the field of refining or smelting.

  The specific size of the molding for refining or smelting addition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited. For example, the length of three sides can usually be set to about 20 to 90 mm. In addition, the diameter can usually be about 20 to 90 mm.

  Hereinafter, in order to explain the present invention in more detail, experimental results showing temperature responsiveness of various molded articles as typical examples of the refined or smelted addition molded article of the present invention will be shown. Needless to say, the present invention is not interpreted as being limited to the inventions shown in the following examples.

Example 1
Molded body obtained by adding expansive graphite to carburizing and heating additives containing coal powder and iron powder Carburization and temperature raising compounding expansive graphite (China) at a ratio shown in Table 1 below The additives (coal powder: iron powder = 4: 1) were mixed with a binder and then molded into a machek type using a roll molding machine; The crush strength (kgf) in the table is the average value (10 pieces) of the values measured using a press; manufactured by our company. The measurement means was carried out according to the crushing strength test method described in JIS Z 8841 "granulated product-strength test method". Also. The apparent specific gravity (g / mL) in the table is an average value of 5 molded bodies.

  The molded body produced in this manner was introduced into an electric furnace heated to 1000 ° C. or 1400 ° C., and the state of the collapse was observed by a photographic image (image obtained by photographing the inside of the furnace through a light shielding plate). The results are shown in FIGS.

  From FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, it is possible that the molded body which does not contain the expansive graphite of the conventional compounding collapses within 4 minutes from the introduction both at the temperature condition of 1000 ° C. and the temperature condition of 1400 ° C. It was not. On the other hand, it has become clear that the compact containing the expanded graphite collapses according to the content ratio.

  For example, in FIG. 1 and 2 to a temperature condition of 1000 ° C., a compact containing 0.1% by weight of expanded graphite disintegrates in 3 minutes and 50 seconds, and 0.3% by weight is 2 minutes and 42 seconds, and 0.5% by weight is 2 minutes and 25 seconds. And at 1 wt%, it disintegrated in 2 minutes and 4 seconds.

  Also, the temperature condition of 1400 ° C. disintegrates faster than the temperature condition of 1000 ° C., and the molded body containing 0.1% by weight of expanded graphite from FIGS. 3 and 4 collapses in 3 minutes and 14 seconds, and 0.3% by weight makes 1 minute 27 It disintegrated in 1 minute 12 seconds for 0.5 second, and in 1 minute 5 seconds for 1 weight%.

  As shown in Table 1 above, the crush strength of these molded bodies exceeds 100 kgf, and it can be generally said that the strength is such that there is no inconvenience in the operations at the time of transportation and injection of the molded bodies.

Example 2
Molded articles obtained by adding various expansive agents in various compounding amounts to the additive for deoxidizing Aluminous dross used in the field of steel making contains expansive agents vermiculite and expansive graphite at a predetermined concentration A molded body was produced.

  Vermiculite was mixed with a binder so as to be 5% by weight or 10% by weight with respect to aluminum dross, and these were molded into Macek type by employing the means described in Example 1 above. The molded body containing 5% by weight of vermiculite was molded to have a crushing strength of 150 kgf or 500 kgf, respectively, using the means whose strength was confirmed in Example 1 described above. Further, similarly, a molded body was prepared which contained 0.5% by weight or 1% by weight of expanded graphite with respect to aluminum dross.

  The molded body thus produced was placed in an electric furnace at 1000 ° C. or 1400 ° C., and the state of the collapse was observed by a photographic image (image taken outside the furnace). The results are shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the crush strength is 150 kgf, the degree of disintegration of the molded body increases as it becomes long after 3 minutes and 5 minutes after the introduction, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the crushing strength was 500 kgf, it was revealed that neither collapse occurred 3 minutes after addition nor 5 minutes after addition.

  The degree of disintegration progressed as the molded body containing 10% by mass of vermiculite (the crush strength at this time is 320 kgf) became longer after 3 minutes and 5 minutes.

Example 3
An additive-formed compact containing various expansive materials compacted under various pressures. A compact was prepared containing a predetermined amount of the expansive materials vermiculite and expansive graphite with respect to the aluminum dross used in the field of steel making.

  Columnar molds were produced at a predetermined pressure of 2 t, 4 t, 6 t, 8 t and 10 t of aluminum dross. Specifically, a molded body was produced by adopting the means produced in the above-mentioned Example 1 (the difference is that a hydraulic press was used).

  In the case of 2t, it is about 80-120kgf, in the case of 4t, about 180-220kgf, in the case of 6t, about 280-320kgf, in the case of 8t, about 380-420kgf and in the case of 10t, about 480-520kgf. It will be a degree of crushing strength.

  In addition, a molded body was prepared in the same manner by mixing and containing vermiculite so as to be 1% by weight with respect to aluminum dross. At this time, a molded body produced by applying a pressure of 2 t is about 70 to 120 kgf, about 160 to 210 kgf in the case of 4 t, about 250 to 300 kgf in the case of 6 t, and about 350 to 400 kgf in the case of 8 t. In the case of 10 t, the crush strength is about 450 to 500 kgf.

  Then, a molded body containing vermiculite in an amount of 5% by weight based on aluminum dross was similarly produced. At this time, a molded body produced by applying a pressure of 2 t is about 50 to 100 kgf, about 160 to 210 kgf in the case of 4 t, about 230 to 280 kgf in the case of 6 t, and about 320 to 370 kgf in the case of 8 t. In the case of 10 t, the crush strength is about 420 to 470 kgf.

  On the other hand, a molded product containing 1% by weight of two types of expanded graphite called product F (expansion coefficient: about 900%) and product N (product N: expansion coefficient: about 3600%) with respect to aluminum dross The body was made. In the same manner as the vermiculite-containing molded body described above, a cylindrical molded body was produced at 2t, 4t, 6t, 8t and 10t at a predetermined pressure.

  Here, in the case of 2t of product F, about 80 to 120 kgf, in the case of 4 t, about 180 to 220 kgf, in the case of 6 t, about 280 to 320 kgf, in the case of 8 t, about 380 to 420 kgf, and in the case of 10 t. The crush strength is about 480 to 520 kgf.

  And in the case of 2t of N product, it is about 80 to 120kgf, in the case of 4t, about 180 to 220kgf, in the case of 6t, about 280 to 320kgf, in the case of 8t, about 380 to 420kgf, and in the case of 10t. The crush strength is about 480 to 520 kgf.

  The various molded bodies thus produced were put into an electric furnace at 1200 ° C., and the appearance of the molded bodies after a predetermined time elapsed was observed. The results are shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 8 shows the appearance of the molded body of aluminum dross alone before being introduced into an electric furnace at 1200 ° C., and after, 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 20 minutes. In the case of 2 t, although disintegration was taking place after 5 minutes, the molded bodies produced at other pressures did not disintegrate even if the injection was continued for 20 minutes. From the above, it has become clear that as the pressure at the time of producing the molded body is increased, the disintegrability tends to be lowered even if the molded body does not contain the expansion component.

  FIG. 9 shows the appearance of a molded body in which 1% by weight or 5% by weight of vermiculite is contained in aluminum dross before and after charging into a 1200 ° C. electric furnace. In both cases, it was found that the degree of collapse of the molded body after 5 minutes tended to decrease as the pressure at the time of forming the molded body increased, and it became clear that both did not almost collapse at a pressure of 10 t. .

  FIG. 10 shows the appearance of a molded aluminum dross containing 1% of expanded graphite of product F or N for 5 minutes before and after charging into an electric furnace at 1200 ° C. After 5 minutes, it became clear that the molded object produced by all the pressure collapses with both F goods and N goods.

  From the above results, it is clear that the use of expanded graphite having a high expansion coefficient has a higher disintegration property.

Claims (5)

    A shaped body for refining or smelting addition, which contains at least one expansive material selected from the group consisting of expanded graphite, vermiculite and perlite.   Furthermore, a molding for refining or smelting addition described in item 1 characterized in that it contains at least one selected from the group consisting of carbons, iron, lime, non-ferrous metals, mineral stalks and resins. body.     The molding for refining or smelting addition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 0.1 to 45 parts by weight of the expansion material is contained with respect to 100 parts by weight of the molding.     The molding for refining or smelting addition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the crushing strength of the molding is 30 to 1000 kgf.     5. The smelting or smelting additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shape is a disk, a cylinder, a machec, a egg, a pillow, a lens or an almond. Molded body.