JP2019071854A - Water-repellent inhibitor and cultivation soil using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide water-repellent inhibitors and cultivation soil using the same which can exert water-repellent inhibition ability over a long period of time from the initial stage and promote the growth of a plant.SOLUTION: The water-repellent inhibitor of the present invention is a water-repellent inhibitor used for the water repellent inhibition of cultivation soil or soil, containing a carrier and a surfactant adhering to the carrier, the carrier being a porous material with a size of 1 μm to 1.0 mm, the content of the surfactant being 5 to 50 mass%, the total amount when at least one selected from water and alcohol is contained being 30 mass% or less (but except a mixture with a non-porous material).SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a water repellant used for suppressing the water repellence of culture soil or soil, and a culture soil using the same.

  Culture soils which are blended with soil improvers, fertilizers, soils and the like of organic substances and inorganic substances are used for cultivation of vegetables, fruits, flowers and the like. Cultured soil tends to be denser and less permeable to water by repeated feeding and drying with the progress of cultivation, and there is a tendency that the plants can not sufficiently receive water. In addition, the water retention also tends to decrease, and as a result, the growth of plants may be inhibited and the growth may not be sufficient. In particular, organic substances such as peat moss compounded in the culture soil have water repellency unique to dried vegetable fibrous substances, and when the water repellency can not fully disperse the plant, the plant Growth may be inhibited and the growth may not be sufficient.

  Heretofore, methods for suppressing the water repellence of culture soil and soil have been proposed. For example, methods of directly adding a surfactant to culture soil or soil itself have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 to 15). However, although the permeability of water in the initial stage is good, the effect may not be sustained, for example, the permeability may decrease while water supply is repeated, and a large amount of use may cause growth failure. Also, since the culture soil is usually transported and stored after production, there is a time lag between production of the culture soil and its actual use, but transportation from the production site of the culture soil and storage in the warehouse When used after the period of (1), it may not show the water repellency suppressing ability as it was immediately after production.

  On the other hand, there has been proposed a technique for improving the water repellency and the like by adding the carrier to a soil component and soil of a culture medium as a water repellency improving material, with a carrier on which a surfactant is adsorbed in advance (Patent Document 16) 19).

  Patent Document 16 proposes a soil improver in which a surfactant is adsorbed as a hydrophilic agent on dry soil organic matter. In the specific disclosure, 1 kg of peat moss in a dry state is impregnated with a 1000-fold aqueous solution of the surfactant at a rate of 1 L, and then dried to produce a small amount of surfactant. Size is not described.

  Patent Documents 17 and 18 propose a method for producing a non-water-repellent soil conditioner, in which an aqueous solution containing a dialkyl sulfosuccinate salt or an alkyl allyl sulfonate salt is used to suppress the water repellency of peat. In the specific disclosure, it is produced by impregnating peate in a 0.1 to 10% aqueous solution of surfactant and then drying it, but the amount of surfactant is small, and the size of the peet is described Not.

  In addition, even if it is the same seed | species, the organic and inorganic material of culture soil distributes various things as a product as a shape or a size. For example, peat moss as an organic material of culture soil has various shapes and sizes such as fine powder, coarse powder, granular, pellet, string, net, sheet and mat. In addition, vermiculite as an inorganic material also has a wide range from the size of 0.25 to 0.71 mm for small ones to 2.8 to 8.0 mm for large ones for each particle size distribution etc. There is a product of size.

  Patent Document 19 proposes a soil penetrant in which a surfactant is adsorbed on a carrier composed of a porous material and a nonporous material.

JP-A-53-122508 Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 08-023768 gazette Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 08-130976 Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 08-157819 JP 10-164975 A JP 10-191780 A JP-A-11-215917 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-261872 JP 2005-052013 A JP, 2008-092955, A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2015-054880 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-074677 The re-table 2012-063899 gazette JP, 2001-204246, A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-000041 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-085488 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-030654 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 07-026260 Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 11-256160

  In Patent Document 19, from the recognition that the permeability of initial size is poor with respect to peat moss having a large fiber length of 3 mm in Comparative Example 2, non-porous silica sand in which the surfactant does not penetrate and adsorbs on the exposed outer surface is used in combination. It is said to compensate for the poor initial permeability. In Example 1, the water repellency suppressing ability at the initial stage was improved as compared with Comparative Example 2 by mixing silica sand with the above-mentioned peat moss of 3 mm in fiber length at a mass ratio of 4: 6. It is stated that equivalent results were obtained by mixing, but the results of using only small size porous materials are not shown, and the influence of the specific surface area by the porous fine carrier, in particular Attention has not been paid to the ability to suppress water repellant and the effect on suppressing growth disorders of plants over the early to long term. In addition, when two or more types of carriers are used in combination, the specific gravity and size of each of the carriers are different, so that uniform agents can not be obtained, uniform dispersion across the culture soil is difficult, and poor dispersion results in sufficient performance. I can not demonstrate.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a water repellent agent capable of exhibiting water repellent suppressing ability from the initial stage to a long period and promoting plant growth, and a culture soil using the same. To be a problem.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the water repellency suppressing agent of the present invention is a water repellency suppressing agent used for water repellency suppression of culture soil or soil, which comprises a carrier and a surfactant adsorbed on the carrier. And the carrier is a porous material having a size of 1 μm to 1.0 mm, the content of the surfactant is 5 to 50% by mass, and contains at least one selected from water and alcohol. In some cases, the total amount is 30% by mass or less (except for the mixture with the non-porous material).

  The culture soil of the present invention is a mixture of the above-mentioned water repellent inhibitor with a culture soil component.

  According to the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention and the culture soil using the same, the water repellent suppressing ability from the initial stage to the long term can be excellent, and the growth of plants can be promoted.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  The carrier used for the water repellent agent of the present invention is a porous material having a size of 1 μm to 1.0 mm. By using such a small-sized porous material for the carrier, the specific surface area to which the surfactant adsorbs is increased, and in particular, the specific surface area of the exposed outer surface of the carrier is also increased. It exhibits stable water repellant ability from the beginning. Then, even if a time lag occurs before use, or even if plant growth is carried out for a long period and irrigation is repeated, water can be infiltrated quickly and uniformly, has water permeability, and is stable from the initial stage to long term Water suppression ability can be maintained. In addition, the increase in the specific surface area to which the surfactant adsorbs reduces the concentration of the surfactant that causes the growth disorder, which leads to the suppression of the growth disorder. When the size of the porous material is 1 μm or more, it does not fly during operation and the workability is good. The dispersibility at the time of mixing with a culture soil component is favorable in it being 1.0 mm or less, and performance can be expressed. Considering this point, the size of the carrier is preferably 800 μm or less, more preferably 600 μm or less, still more preferably less than 300 μm, and particularly preferably 250 μm or less.

  The porous material preferably consists of a single species with a single specific gravity. By using a single type of carrier, the dispersibility in the whole culture soil is improved, and a stable water permeation effect is exhibited.

  The porous material is one having pores through which the surfactant penetrates, and examples thereof include vegetable fibrous materials and inorganic materials having a porous structure.

  In the present invention, the size of the porous material is an average fiber length in the case of a fibrous material, and an average particle diameter in the case of a granular material such as an inorganic material. The average fiber length refers to the value measured with a scanning electron microscope, for example, the average value of the fiber lengths of 50 randomly extracted fibrous materials. The average particle diameter refers to a value measured by a scanning electron microscope, for example, an average value of the longest diameters of 50 particles extracted arbitrarily.

  Among the porous substances, examples of vegetable fibrous substances include peat moss, cocopies, coconut shells, rice hulls, rice husks, sawdust, bamboo powder, bagasse, peat, grass charcoal and the like.

  Among the porous materials, examples of the inorganic material having a porous structure include vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, attapulgite, sepiolite, zeolite, perlite, montmorillonite and the like.

  In the water repellency inhibitor of the present invention, it is not a mixture with a non-porous substance. Here, the non-porous material does not have pores through which a surfactant such as silica sand, sea sand, alumina sand, talc, calcium carbonate and the like penetrates. When a porous material and a non-porous material are used in combination, they have different specific gravities, and even when mixed, the water repellent inhibitor itself is not uniform, and the porous material is used alone as in the present invention. In comparison, it becomes difficult to obtain a desired effect in water repellence suppressing ability and plant growth promotion from the initial stage to the long term. In addition, the use of a non-porous carrier can reduce the specific surface area, and can inhibit the growth of plants if the concentration of the surfactant causing the growth disorder increases.

  In the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention, the content of the surfactant is 5 to 50% by mass. If the content of the surfactant is within this range, mixing with the culture soil component causes a time lag before being used, and even if the plant is grown over a long period of time and irrigation is repeated, it becomes quick and uniform. Water can penetrate it, has water permeability, can maintain stable water repellant ability from the initial to long term, and can promote plant growth without causing growth inhibition. As for content of surfactant, when the point of water repellence suppression ability is considered, 10 mass% or more is preferable, and 15 mass% or more is more preferable. If the point which suppresses growth inhibition of a plant is considered, 45 mass% or less is preferable, and, as for content of surfactant, 40 mass% or less is more preferable.

  Although the surfactant used for the water repellant of the present invention is not particularly limited, at least one selected from an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant is preferable.

  The anionic surfactant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include sulfonate type, phosphate ester type, carboxylate type, and sulfate type. Among them, the following anionic surfactants (A) are preferred. The anionic surfactant (A) is at least one anionic surfactant selected from a sulfonate type and a phosphate ester type.

  Examples of sulfonate type anionic surfactants include alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As the alkyl sulfosuccinate, for example, the alkyl group is one having 4 to 10 carbon atoms such as isobutyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, decyl, etc., and the cationic species is sodium or potassium. Some mono or dialkyl sulfosuccinates and the like can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the alkylbenzene sulfonate include those in which the alkyl group is linear having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and the cation species is sodium, potassium or the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the alpha olefin sulfonate include those having an alkenyl group of 12 to 18 carbon atoms and a cationic species such as sodium or potassium. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of anionic surfactants of phosphoric acid ester salt type include alkyl phosphoric acid ester salts, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphates and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the alkyl phosphate ester salt include mono- or dialkyl phosphate ester salts and the like in which the alkyl group has 8 to 22 carbon atoms and the cationic species is sodium, potassium, ammonium, an amine compound, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate include those having an alkyl group of 12 to 22 carbon atoms and a cationic species such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or an amine compound. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the carboxylate type anionic surfactant include salts of fatty acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms with alkali metals and amine compounds. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the sulfate type anionic surfactant include alkyl sulfate ester salts, alkyl ether sulfate ester salts and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the alkyl sulfate ester salt include those in which the alkyl group has 12 to 18 carbon atoms and the cation species is sodium, potassium or the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The alkyl ether sulfate ester salt is, for example, a salt of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate obtained by sulfuric acid esterification of an ethylene oxide (EO) added to a higher alcohol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and the cationic species is sodium And potassium and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The nonionic surfactant is not particularly limited, but the following nonionic surfactants (B) are preferable. The nonionic surfactant (B) is polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styrenated phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene (hardened) castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, Fatty acid alkanolamide, and at least one nonionic surfactant selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester.

  Examples of polyoxyalkylene glycols include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol ethylene oxide adducts and the like. Among these, polypropylene glycol ethylene oxide adduct is preferable, and the ethylene oxide content is more preferably 40% or less, for example, ethylene oxide 3 to 30 mol addition of polypropylene glycol which is a 25 to 35 mol adduct of propylene oxide Things etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers include propylene oxide and / or ethylene oxide adducts of linear or branched alcohols having 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Among these, propylene oxide 2 to 10 moles of a C 12 to C 18 straight or branched alcohol, and ethylene oxide 2 to 10 moles of a C 12 to C 18 straight or branched alcohol. And random or block adducts of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide and 2 to 15 moles of propylene oxide of linear or branched alcohols having 12 to 18 carbon atoms are preferable. In the case of block adducts, terminal ethylene oxide adducts are preferred in terms of the emulsification and dispersion effect. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In particular, the polyoxyalkylene glycol and the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether as the nonionic surfactant (B) are preferably those having a HLB of 8 or less from the viewpoint of the handling property such as foaming and the water repellency suppressing ability.

Here, HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) indicates the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group portion in the total molecular weight of the surfactant, and HLB of the polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactant is the griffin (Griffin shown below) It is obtained by the equation of In the case of a propylene oxide single adduct, the HLB value is zero.
HLB value = E / 5
E: mass% of polyoxyethylene moiety contained in surfactant molecule
The polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether is preferably an ethylene oxide adduct of 3 to 50 moles of an alkylphenol having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and an ethylene oxide 5 to 20 mole adduct of octylphenol and an ethylene oxide 5 to 20 mole adduct of nonylphenol Is more preferred. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of polyoxyethylene styrenated phenyl ether include 3 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide adduct of (mono, di, tri) styrenated phenol, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As polyoxyethylene (hardened) castor oil, an ethylene oxide 10 to 60 mole adduct of castor oil or hydrogenated castor oil is preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of polyoxyethylene alkylamines include 2 to 20-mole ethylene oxide adducts of aliphatic primary amines (linear or branched having 12 to 18 carbon atoms). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of fatty acid alkanolamides include lauric acid diethanolamide, palmitic acid diethanolamide, myristic acid diethanolamide, stearic acid diethanolamide, oleic acid diethanolamide, palm oil fatty acid diethanolamide, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester include polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  It is preferable that the water-repellent agent of this invention uses together an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant. When the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant are used in combination, the water immersion speed, the water permeability, and the plant growth promoting action are generally better.

  It is preferable to use together the said anionic surfactant (A) and nonionic surfactant (B) for the water-repellent agent of this invention. The anionic surfactant (A) is excellent in the water repellency suppressing ability, and the nonionic surfactant (B) has little influence on the growth of plants. By using these in combination, it is possible to obtain those excellent in the water repellency suppressing ability and the suppressing action on the growth disorder of the plant. When the anionic surfactant (A) and the nonionic surfactant (B) are used in combination, in particular, the water permeability is good, and water can spread deep to the root of a plant to promote growth. The plant growth promoting action is particularly good. Among the anionic surfactants (A), the sulfonate type can be preferably used from the viewpoint of water repellence suppressing ability, and the phosphate ester type can be preferably used from the viewpoint of the inhibitory action on the plant growth disorder. Although the said patent documents 1-19 are various compounds being mentioned as surfactant of each ionic property, the content of an indication is fundamentally using an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant independently, and is different. A combination system of surfactants having ionicity has not been specifically verified.

  In the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention, the mass ratio represented by (A) / (B) of the anionic surfactant (A) and the nonionic surfactant (B) is preferably 0.01 to 5.00, More preferred is 0.25 to 1.00. By blending the anionic surfactant (A) and the nonionic surfactant (B) in such a mass ratio, it is possible to obtain those excellent in the water repellency suppressing ability and the suppressing effect on the plant growth disorder.

  The water repellent agent of the present invention can be produced by adsorbing a surfactant to a carrier.

  When the surfactant is adsorbed to the carrier, a mixed solution of the surfactant and at least one selected from water and alcohol may be prepared in advance, and this mixture may be uniformly mixed with the carrier. By preparing the mixture, the viscosity can be reduced and the surfactant can be uniformly adsorbed on the carrier.

  With regard to the surfactant which is liquid at normal temperature, the above-mentioned mixed solution may be prepared, or the surfactant may be adsorbed to the carrier as it is in the stock solution. It is preferable to set it as the said liquid mixture about solid or a paste-form surfactant.

  Examples of the method of mixing the carrier and the surfactant alone or the above mixed solution include a method of uniformly mixing using a stirring and mixing device such as a Henschel mixer, a method of spraying with a spray, and the like.

  In the case where the surfactant is used as the mixed solution, drying treatment may be performed after mixing treatment with the carrier to remove excess water and the like, but when it is dried, transpiration may be caused when alcohol is used. Therefore, a method of producing without drying treatment is preferable.

  Of the methods of adsorbing the surfactant to the carrier, in the method of impregnating the carrier with the low concentration surfactant aqueous solution, blocking is likely to occur, and it is difficult to adhere the intended amount to the carrier, and adhesion of the surfactant There is a concern that the quantity will run short. In the method of spraying with a spray or the like, it is possible to deposit the intended amount of surfactant, but when the viscosity of the surfactant solution is high, it is necessary to dilute with water etc. and blocking when using a large amount of water There are concerns such as From these points, as a method of adsorbing the surfactant to the carrier in the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention, a method of uniformly mixing the carrier and the surfactant alone or the above mixed solution using a stirring and mixing apparatus Is preferred.

  The stirring and mixing device is not particularly limited, and a general device can be used. For example, a Henschel mixer, a tumbler mixer, a V-shaped mixer, a hybridizer, a ribbon blender, a Loedige mixer, etc. may be mentioned.

  When the water repellency inhibitor of the present invention contains at least one selected from water and alcohol, the total amount thereof is 30% by mass or less. If the total amount is 30% by mass or less, lumps, that is, clumps of the carrier which hardly collapses, are not easily generated, and the handling property is improved. In addition, blocking, that is, aggregation of a soft carrier which is disintegrating to the extent that it does not easily occur, the handling property is improved. In consideration of these points, the total amount is preferably 25% by mass or less, and more preferably 20% by mass or less. The total amount is preferably 3% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, in consideration of the fact that viscosity can be reduced by preparing a liquid mixture with a surfactant and the surfactant can be uniformly adsorbed on a carrier. preferable.

  The water repellent inhibitor of the present invention preferably contains, as the alcohol, a mono- to tri-hydric alcohol or alkoxy alcohol having 8 or less carbon atoms. By using these alcohols, blocking can be suppressed and handling properties become particularly good. Furthermore, the inundation speed is further improved.

  Among the above alcohols, examples of the monohydric alcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, pentanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, hexanol, methylpentanol and dimethyl. Examples include butanol, 2-ethyl butanol, heptanol, octanol, 2-ethyl hexanol and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As a C1-C8 dihydric alcohol, methanediol, ethylene glycol, 1, 3- propanediol, 1, 4- butanediol, 1, 2- pentanediol, 1, 4- pentanediol, 1, for example is mentioned. 5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, 1,8-octanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As a C1-C8 trivalent alcohol, a glycerol etc. are mentioned, for example.

  As C2-C8 alkoxy alcohol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2- (n-propoxy) ethanol, 2-isopropoxy 1-ethanol, 3- (n-propoxy) ethanol, for example 2- (n-butoxy) ethanol, 2- (2-methoxyethoxy) ethanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-methoxy-2-butanol, 3-methoxy-1-butanol, 4-methoxy-1-butanol 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention, the content of the mono- to tri-hydric alcohol or alkoxy alcohol having 8 or less carbon atoms is preferably 0. 5 mass% or more is preferable, and 1 mass% or more is more preferable. The upper limit is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and still more preferably 5% by mass or less, in consideration of suppression of transpiration during production, and the like.

  The water repellent agent of the present invention includes other components such as nutrient sources, fertilizers such as minerals, salts, antifoaming agents, bactericides, fragrances, pH adjusters and the like within the range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. The surfactant can be blended with the surfactant or the mixture, or directly mixed with the carrier.

  The water repellent inhibitor according to the present invention, by mixing it with the soil component, allows water to permeate quickly and uniformly even if a time lag occurs before being used, or if plant growth is carried out over a long period and irrigation is repeated. It has water permeability, can maintain stable water repellant ability stable from the beginning to long term, and can promote plant growth without causing growth inhibition.

  Furthermore, the water repellency suppressing agent of the present invention can also be used to suppress water repellency of soil, and the water repellency suppressing effect can be achieved by directly dispersing it on the surface of land (soil) to be planted or mixing it in a small amount into soil. Can be demonstrated.

  The culture soil of the present invention is a mixture of the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention with a culture soil component. In the culture soil of the present invention, the addition amount of the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the culture soil component other than the water repellent inhibitor. Part is more preferred. If it is in this range, stable water repellence suppressing ability can be obtained over a long period from the initial stage without causing growth inhibition of a growing plant.

  As a method of mixing the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention with the culture soil component, a method which is usually used can be appropriately adopted in order to uniformly disperse in the culture soil component.

  The culture soil component to be used in the culture soil of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as culture soil, and, for example, various plant-based organic compounds conventionally used for culture soil Substances, inorganic substances, fertilizers, soil etc. may be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of the fertilizer of the culture soil component include nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, potassium fertilizers, calcium compounds such as calcium hydroxide, magnesium compounds such as magnesium hydroxide, zinc compounds such as zinc oxide, and the like. Examples of the soil of the culture soil component include natural soil such as black and white soil, akadama soil, kanuma soil, higaga soil, rice soil and the like.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
(1) Production of Water Repellent Inhibitor According to the formulations shown in Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 in Table 1 and Table 2, components such as a carrier and a surfactant are stirred and mixed to obtain a water repellent inhibitor. The Water and alcohol were previously mixed with the surfactant, and this mixed liquid was added to the carrier and mixed with stirring. The stirring and mixing was carried out at 200 rpm for 3 minutes at normal temperature using a Henschel mixer.

(2) Production of culture soil Using peat moss / vermiculite = 5/5 (mass ratio) as a culture soil component, 1 part by mass of the above-mentioned water repellent inhibitor is mixed with 100 parts by mass of the culture soil component. The culture soil was obtained.

(3) Evaluation The following evaluation was made.
<Handling property>
About the presence or absence of the lump at the time of manufacture of a water-repellent inhibitor, the state after manufacture of (1) water-repellent agent was visually observed and evaluated ((circle): none, x: presence).
The blocking of the water repellant was observed and evaluated by visual observation of the condition after filling in the plastic bag (、: not happening, ○: less likely, ×: more likely to occur). The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

<Dispersibility at the time of addition of the culture soil>
The dispersibility at the time of mixing the water repellent inhibitor with the culture soil was observed and evaluated visually. (○: uniform, ×: uneven)

<Water repellant performance>
<Inundation speed>
A fixed amount of culture soil was filled in a standard cell tray (30 squares, 128 holes) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water using a planter, and after pressure was applied, a fixed amount was watered. Within 5: 5 seconds, 4: 5 to 10 seconds, 3: 10 to 20 seconds, 2: 20 to 60 seconds, of the time until the water is submerged in the culture soil (in the absence of water floating) 1: Observation evaluation was performed in 5 steps of 60 seconds or more. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
The 50th is the evaluation result of the 50th day after watering a fixed amount once a day. The culture soil after 120 days of manufacture is a plastic bag filled with culture soil after production, sealed, and stored at 30 ° C.

Permeability
A fixed amount of culture soil was filled in a standard cell tray (30 squares, 128 holes) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water using a planter, and after pressure was applied, a fixed amount was watered. After one minute of watering, the culture soil is dug up with a spatula, and the permeability to the whole is 5: 100 to 90%, 4: 90 to 80%, 3: 80 to 60%, 2: 60 to 40%, 1: It was observed and evaluated in 5 steps of less than 40%. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
The 50th is the evaluation result of the 50th day after watering a fixed amount once a day. The culture soil after 120 days of manufacture is a plastic bag filled with culture soil after production, sealed, and stored at 30 ° C.

Viability
After filling a certain amount of culture soil in a standard cell tray (30 squares, 128 holes) using the seeding machine and spreading the pressure, the seeds of komatsuna are reseeded using the seeding machine once for each pot, and constant The soil was covered with an amount of culture soil and a fixed amount was watered to complete the sowing operation. After sowing, we water a fixed amount once a day and raise a seedling, and seven days later, about germination rate, rooting situation, development situation of cotyledon, 4: good 3: 3: slightly good 2: 2: slightly bad 1: 1: bad, It was observed and evaluated in four stages. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

上記評価において、サイズが１μｍ〜１．０ｍｍの多孔性物質に界面活性剤を５〜５０質量％付着させた本発明の撥水抑制剤（実施例１〜１７）は、ハンドリング性に優れ、培養土に均一に分散できることが確認された。また、本発明の撥水抑制剤を混合した培養土は、製造直後から長期間にわたって浸水スピードが速い状態を維持し、透水性に優れ、植物の生育を阻害しないことが確認された。

In the above evaluation, the water repellent agent (Examples 1 to 17) of the present invention in which 5 to 50% by mass of surfactant is attached to a porous substance having a size of 1 μm to 1.0 mm is excellent in handling property and culture It was confirmed that it could be uniformly dispersed in the soil. Moreover, it was confirmed that the culture soil mixed with the water repellent inhibitor of the present invention maintains a high water immersion speed for a long period of time immediately after production, is excellent in water permeability, and does not inhibit plant growth.

  When the porous material and the non-porous material were used in combination as in Comparative Examples 7 and 8, the mixture was not uniformly mixed, and the water repellent was formed by separating the porous material and the non-porous material. Even if this was mixed to culture soil, it did not disperse | distribute uniformly. Therefore, the evaluation of the water repellence preventing performance and the subsequent growth was not performed.

  When the size of the porous material is less than 300 μm, particularly 250 μm or less (Examples 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 11 to 14), the dispersibility when mixed in the culture soil becomes good, and the water permeability is improved It was confirmed that the growth of the plant becomes good by doing.

  When an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant are used in combination (Examples 10 to 17), the water immersion speed and the water permeability are improved more than the nonionic surfactants alone (Examples 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) The plants grow better than the anionic surfactant alone (Examples 3 and 4).

  In the combined use of an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, when a sulfonate type or phosphate ester type is used as the anionic surfactant (Examples 11, 12, 13, 17), a carboxylate type (Examples) 14 and 16) Water permeability and plant growth are better than those of the sulfate type (Example 15).

  When an alcohol is mixed with the water repellent agent (Examples 6, 7, 12, 13, 17), blocking does not easily occur, and the handling property is improved. Flooding speed will also be improved.

Claims (9)

A water repellent agent used to suppress water repellence of culture soil or soil,
A carrier and a surfactant adsorbed on the carrier,
The carrier is a porous substance having a size of 1 μm to 1.0 mm,
The content of the surfactant is 5 to 50% by mass,
When containing at least one selected from water and alcohol, a water repellent agent (excluding the mixture with a non-porous material) whose total amount is at most 30% by mass.   The water repellent inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is a vegetable fibrous material or an inorganic material having a porous structure.   The water repellent inhibitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous substance is a single species having a single specific gravity.   The water repellent inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carrier is a porous material having a size of 250 μm or less.   The water repellent inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the surfactant is at least one selected from an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant.   The water repellent agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which contains an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant as the surfactant. The following anionic surfactant (A) and nonionic surfactant (B) are contained as said surfactant, and the mass ratio represented by (A) / (B) is 0.01 to 5.00. The water repellent inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
(A) at least one anionic surfactant selected from sulfonic acid salt type and phosphoric acid ester salt type; and (B) polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene At least one nonionic surfactant selected from styrenated phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene (hardened) castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, fatty acid alkanolamide, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester.   The water repellent inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which contains a mono- to tri-hydric alcohol or alkoxy alcohol having 8 or less carbon atoms as the alcohol.   The culture soil which mixed the water-repellent inhibitor as described in any one of Claims 1-8 with a culture soil component.