JP2019032165A - Temperature monitoring system and temperature monitoring method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ヤードに山状に積み上げられた堆積物の温度を監視する温度監視システム及び温度監視方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a temperature monitoring system and a temperature monitoring method for monitoring the temperature of a piled up pile in a yard.
製鉄所や火力発電所などで用いられる大量の石炭は、輸送船で運ばれてきた後、貯炭場や原料ヤードなどに山状に積み上げられ、保管される。この山状に積み上げられた石炭（以下、石炭山）は、必要に応じて、リクレーマ（払出機）により払い出され、製鉄原料や、火力原料として用いられる。 Large quantities of coal used in steelworks and thermal power plants are transported by transport ships and then piled up and stored in a coal storage or raw material yard. The piled coal (hereinafter referred to as coal pile) is dispensed by a reclaimer (dispensing machine) as necessary, and used as a steelmaking raw material or a thermal power raw material.
ところで、貯炭場や原料ヤードに積み上げられた石炭山は、酸化反応により発熱し、自然発火する恐れがある。このため、従来、貯炭場や原料ヤードに山積みされた石炭山の温度を監視するシステムが開発されている。 By the way, the coal piles piled up in the coal storage yard and raw material yard generate heat due to the oxidation reaction, and may ignite spontaneously. For this reason, a system for monitoring the temperature of coal piles piled up in a coal storage or a raw material yard has been developed.
特許文献１には、赤外線放射温度計を備える旋回台を徐々に旋回させて貯炭山の各部の表面温度を計測することで、貯炭山の自然発火を監視予知することのできる貯炭山温度計測装置が開示されている。特許文献１に記載の技術は、貯炭山において異常な温度上昇が確認された場合において、旋回台に設置されたレーザーポインターが貯炭山の該当する位置にレーザーを照射することで、温度上昇を起こしている位置を正確に知らせることができる。 Patent Document 1 discloses a coal mine temperature measuring device capable of monitoring and predicting spontaneous combustion of a coal mine by gradually turning a swivel equipped with an infrared radiation thermometer to measure the surface temperature of each part of the coal mine. Is disclosed. In the technology described in Patent Document 1, when an abnormal temperature rise is confirmed in a coal mine, the laser pointer installed on the swivel platform irradiates a laser at the corresponding position of the coal mine, causing a temperature rise. You can tell the exact position.
また、特許文献２には、貯炭場の両側に、５台のヤード機械がレール上を自在に走行するように配置され、各ヤード機械の頂部付近に石炭パイルから放射される赤外線を撮像する赤外線カメラが設置された温度監視方法が開示されている。 Further, in Patent Document 2, five yard machines are arranged on both sides of a coal yard so that they can freely travel on rails, and infrared rays that radiate from the coal pile are imaged near the top of each yard machine. A temperature monitoring method in which a camera is installed is disclosed.
ところで、通常、石炭山は、高さ数十メートル、長さ数百メートルの山状に形成されており、石炭山全体の温度を常時計測することのできるシステムが望まれている。一方、特許文献１や特許文献２に開示された温度計測装置では、石炭山の各所の温度を随時検出していくことはできるものの、石炭山全体の温度を同時に検出することはできない。 By the way, the coal mine is usually formed in a mountain shape having a height of several tens of meters and a length of several hundred meters, and a system capable of constantly measuring the temperature of the entire coal mine is desired. On the other hand, the temperature measuring devices disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 can detect the temperatures of various parts of the coal mine at any time, but cannot detect the temperature of the entire coal mine at the same time.
また、屋内に積み上げられる堆積山の温度を監視する場合、屋内の限られたスペースに温度計測装置を設ける必要がある。したがって、より簡便な方法で堆積物の温度を計測することのできるシステムが望まれている。 Moreover, when monitoring the temperature of the pile pile piled up indoors, it is necessary to provide a temperature measuring device in the limited indoor space. Therefore, a system that can measure the temperature of the deposit by a simpler method is desired.
そこで、本発明の目的は、より簡便な方法で、堆積物全体の温度を常時検出することのできる温度監視システム及び温度監視方法を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a temperature monitoring system and a temperature monitoring method that can always detect the temperature of the entire deposit by a simpler method.
上記課題を解決し、本発明の目的を達成するため、本発明の温度監視システムは、複数の物体が山状に堆積された堆積物の温度を監視する温度監視システムであって、堆積物表面の所定の位置における法線と当該位置から赤外線カメラに入射する赤外線の入射方向との為す角度を対象角度としたときに、対象角度が６０度以上９０度未満である位置を監視対象領域に含むように、少なくとも一台の赤外線カメラを配置する。 In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object of the present invention, a temperature monitoring system of the present invention is a temperature monitoring system for monitoring the temperature of a deposit in which a plurality of objects are deposited in a mountain shape, When the angle between the normal at the predetermined position and the incident direction of the infrared ray incident on the infrared camera from the position is the target angle, the target angle includes a position where the target angle is 60 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees. Thus, at least one infrared camera is arranged.
本発明の温度監視方法は、複数の物体が山状に堆積された堆積物の温度を監視する温度監視方法であって、堆積物表面の所定の位置における法線と当該位置から赤外線カメラに入射する赤外線の入射方向との為す角度を対象角度としたときに、対象角度が６０度以上９０度未満である前記所定の位置を監視範囲として含むように、少なくとも一台の赤外線カメラを配置し、堆積物を撮像する。 The temperature monitoring method of the present invention is a temperature monitoring method for monitoring the temperature of a deposit in which a plurality of objects are piled up in a mountain shape, and the normal line at a predetermined position on the surface of the deposit and the incident from the position to the infrared camera When the angle made with the incident direction of the infrared rays to be set as the target angle, at least one infrared camera is arranged so as to include the predetermined position as the monitoring range where the target angle is 60 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, The deposit is imaged.
本発明によれば、山状に積み上げられた堆積物の全体の温度を、より簡便に常時検出することができる。 According to the present invention, the entire temperature of the piled up piles can be always detected more easily.
以下、本発明の実施形態に係る堆積物温度監視システム及び堆積物温度監視方法の一例を、図面を参照して説明する。また、以下の説明では、堆積物として石炭が山状に積み上げられた石炭山を例に説明する。本発明の実施形態は以下の順で説明する。なお、本発明は以下の例に限定されるものではない。
１．原理説明（粉末状石炭の放射率特性について）
１−１．温度測定実験
１−２．考察
２．本発明の一実施形態に係る温度監視システム
２−１．温度監視システムの構成
２−２．比較例に係る温度監視システム
２−３．温度監視システムの要部の構成
Hereinafter, an example of a deposit temperature monitoring system and a deposit temperature monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Moreover, in the following description, a coal pile in which coal is piled up as a deposit will be described as an example. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in the following order. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following examples.
1. Principle explanation (emissivity characteristics of powdered coal)
1-1. Temperature measurement experiment 1-2. Consideration 2. 2. Temperature monitoring system according to one embodiment of the present invention 2-1. Configuration of temperature monitoring system 2-2. Temperature monitoring system according to comparative example 2-3. Configuration of main parts of temperature monitoring system
〈１．原理説明（粉末状石炭の放射率特性について）〉
本発明の一実施形態に係る温度監視システム及び温度監視方法の説明に先立ち、本発明の原理の説明を行う。本発明の発明者らは、赤外線カメラを用いて粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物の温度を監視する際に、より少ない台数の赤外線カメラで効率良く堆積物の温度を検出する方法について検討した。
<1. Principle explanation (emissivity characteristics of powdered coal)>
Prior to the description of the temperature monitoring system and temperature monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the principle of the present invention will be described. The inventors of the present invention have studied a method for efficiently detecting the temperature of a deposit with a smaller number of infrared cameras when monitoring the temperature of a deposit made of powdered coal using an infrared camera.
一般的に、絶縁体からなる対象物を赤外線カメラで撮像した場合、対象物面の法線と赤外線カメラへの赤外線入射方向との角度（以下、対象角度）が６０度以上になると、著しく反射率が上がると共に放射率が下がる。このため、対象角度が６０度以上の場合には、赤外線カメラで対象物の温度を正確に測定することができなくなることが知られている。
［１−１．温度測定実験］
まず、発明者らは、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物を対象物として、対象物に対して赤外線カメラが位置する方向を、対象物のおよそ平面である表面に対して傾けていった場合について、赤外線カメラで検出される温度について検証した。
In general, when an object made of an insulator is imaged with an infrared camera, if the angle between the normal of the object surface and the direction of incidence of infrared light on the infrared camera (hereinafter referred to as the object angle) is 60 degrees or more, it is significantly reflected. As the rate goes up, the emissivity goes down. For this reason, it is known that when the target angle is 60 degrees or more, the temperature of the target cannot be accurately measured with the infrared camera.
[1-1. Temperature measurement experiment]
First, the inventors set a deposit made of powdered coal as an object, and incline the direction in which the infrared camera is positioned with respect to the object with respect to the surface that is approximately a plane of the object. The temperature detected by the infrared camera was verified.
図１は、対象物に対して赤外線カメラが位置する方向を撮像対象となる対象物のおよそ平面である表面に対して傾けていったときに検出される対象物の温度を調査する手法を示す説明図である。ここでは、撮像対象となる対象物１０２を所定の温度に保持して載置することのできる熱源１０１と、その熱源１０１上に載置された対象物１０２を撮影する赤外線カメラ１０３とを準備した。赤外線カメラ１０３は９０度回転させ、水平視野が垂直になるよう設置した。対象物が撮像できる範囲で赤外線カメラ１０３の光軸を上方に向けると、撮像画面の左端に対象物が表示される。また、赤外線カメラ１０３の水平視野角は９０度である。 FIG. 1 shows a method for investigating the temperature of an object that is detected when the direction in which the infrared camera is positioned with respect to the object is tilted with respect to the surface that is approximately the plane of the object to be imaged. It is explanatory drawing. Here, a heat source 101 that can be placed while holding the object 102 to be imaged at a predetermined temperature, and an infrared camera 103 that photographs the object 102 placed on the heat source 101 were prepared. . The infrared camera 103 was rotated 90 degrees and installed so that the horizontal field of view was vertical. When the optical axis of the infrared camera 103 is directed upward within a range where the object can be imaged, the object is displayed at the left end of the imaging screen. The horizontal viewing angle of the infrared camera 103 is 90 degrees.
熱源１０１は、所定の温度に加熱可能な天板を有し、その天板が水平となるようにテーブル１００に固定した。赤外線カメラ１０３は、熱源１０１の中心位置からの水平方向の距離が１．０ｍとなる位置において、高さを調整可能に配置した。 The heat source 101 has a top plate that can be heated to a predetermined temperature, and is fixed to the table 100 so that the top plate is horizontal. The infrared camera 103 is arranged so that the height can be adjusted at a position where the horizontal distance from the center position of the heat source 101 is 1.0 m.
また、撮像対象となる対象物１０２としては、粉末状の石炭と、黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板とを準備した。そして、熱源１０１の天板上の所定の領域に、粉末状の石炭と、黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板とを設置した。 In addition, as the object 102 to be imaged, powdered coal and an aluminum plate coated with a black matte resin paint were prepared. And in the predetermined area | region on the top plate of the heat source 101, the powdery coal and the aluminum plate which apply | coated black matting resin paint were installed.
図２は、熱源１０１の天板上に載置された対象物１０２を上面から見た図である。図２に示すように、ここでは、熱源１０１の天板を中心から２つの領域に分割し、一方の領域には粉末状の石炭を３〜５ｍｍの厚さになるように敷き詰めることで、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物１０２ａの平面を形成し、他方の領域には、黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板１０２ｂを載置した。このとき、天板に敷き詰められた粉末状石炭からなる堆積物１０２ａと、黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板１０２ｂとがほぼ同じ厚みになるように調整した。また、天板が８０℃となるように熱源１０１を調整した。 FIG. 2 is a view of the object 102 placed on the top plate of the heat source 101 as viewed from above. As shown in FIG. 2, here, the top plate of the heat source 101 is divided into two regions from the center, and powdered coal is spread in one region so as to have a thickness of 3 to 5 mm. A flat surface of a deposit 102a made of coal-like coal was formed, and an aluminum plate 102b coated with a black matting resin paint was placed on the other region. At this time, it adjusted so that the deposit 102a which consists of powdered coal spread | laid on the top plate, and the aluminum plate 102b which apply | coated the black matte resin coating may become substantially the same thickness. Moreover, the heat source 101 was adjusted so that the top plate might be 80 degreeC.
また、赤外線カメラ１０３と熱源１０１の中心位置との水平距離を固定した状態で、赤外線カメラ１０３の高さｈを変化させ、赤外線カメラ１０３の光軸を撮像対象となる対象物１０２の表面に対して変化させた。ここで、赤外線カメラ１０３への赤外線入射方向と対象物１０２の法線との角度（以下、対象角度）を、以下の表１に示すように変化させることで、赤外線カメラ１０３への赤外線入射方向と、対象物面の法線との角度変化に伴う測定温度の変化を調査した。 Further, with the horizontal distance between the infrared camera 103 and the center position of the heat source 101 fixed, the height h of the infrared camera 103 is changed, and the optical axis of the infrared camera 103 is set to the surface of the object 102 to be imaged. Changed. Here, by changing the angle between the infrared incident direction to the infrared camera 103 and the normal line of the object 102 (hereinafter, the target angle) as shown in Table 1 below, the infrared incident direction to the infrared camera 103 is changed. And the change of the measurement temperature with the angle change with the normal of the object surface was investigated.
ここで、角度ｄ１（ｍｒａｄ）及び角度ｄ１（度）は、赤外線カメラ１０３への赤外線入射方向の、対象物１０２の表面に対する水平面からの角度である。また、対象角度ｄ２（度）は、赤外線カメラ１０３への赤外線入射方向と、対象物１０２面の法線との角度である。 Here, the angle d1 (mrad) and the angle d1 (degree) are angles from the horizontal plane with respect to the surface of the object 102 in the direction of infrared incidence to the infrared camera 103. Further, the target angle d2 (degrees) is an angle between an infrared incident direction to the infrared camera 103 and a normal line of the surface of the target object 102.
そして、赤外線カメラ１０３で取得された画像を解析することで、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物１０２ａの温度と、黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板１０２ｂの温度とを求めた。図３は、対象物１０２が画像表示器５内に表示される位置を示した図である。図３に示すように、対象物１０２が、Ａ：画像表示器５の上下方向の中心位置（上下中心）で左端、Ｂ：画像表示器５の上側で左端、Ｃ：画像表示器５の上側で左右の中心位置（左右中心）、Ｄ：画像表示器５の上下中心で左右中心の各位置に表示されるよう、同一の対象角度ｄ２（度）で４回の測定を行った。各々の測定では表示された対象物１０２の表示画像内に適当な四角形の領域を設け、その温度平均を求めた。 Then, by analyzing the image acquired by the infrared camera 103, the temperature of the deposit 102a made of powdered coal and the temperature of the aluminum plate 102b coated with black matting resin paint were obtained. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a position where the object 102 is displayed in the image display 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the object 102 is A: the left end at the center position (vertical center) in the vertical direction of the image display 5, B: the left end above the image display 5, C: the upper side of the image display 5. The measurement was performed four times at the same target angle d2 (degrees) so that the left and right center positions (left and right centers) and D: the center of the image display 5 were displayed at the vertical center. In each measurement, an appropriate rectangular area was provided in the displayed image of the displayed object 102, and the temperature average was obtained.
図４は、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物の異なる対象角度における測定温度を示した図である。また、図５は、黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板の異なる対象角度における測定温度を示した図である。図４及び図５において、横軸は対象角度であり、縦軸は測定温度である。 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing measured temperatures at different target angles of deposits made of powdered coal. FIG. 5 is a graph showing measured temperatures at different target angles of an aluminum plate coated with a black matte resin coating. 4 and 5, the horizontal axis is the target angle, and the vertical axis is the measured temperature.
図５に示されるように、黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板１０２ｂでは、対象角度を５５度から８７度まで変化させた場合、対象角度６５度以上で著しく測定温度が下がる。そして、対象角度５５度と対象角度８７度とでは、赤外線カメラ１０３で検出される温度に、２０℃以上の差が出る。すなわち、黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板１０２ｂを撮像した場合には、対象角度が大きくなると、測定温度が大きく下がることがわかる。 As shown in FIG. 5, when the target angle is changed from 55 degrees to 87 degrees in the aluminum plate 102b coated with the black matting resin paint, the measurement temperature is remarkably lowered at the target angle of 65 degrees or more. A difference of 20 ° C. or more appears in the temperature detected by the infrared camera 103 between the target angle 55 degrees and the target angle 87 degrees. That is, when an image is taken of the aluminum plate 102b coated with a black matte resin paint, it can be seen that the measurement temperature greatly decreases as the target angle increases.
一方、図４に示されるように、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物１０２ａでは、対象角度を５５度から８７度まで変化させても、測定温度はあまり低下していない。また、図４及び図５において、各位置Ａ〜Ｄにおける測定温度がほぼ一致することから、視野内の位置によらず、温度測定が可能であることが判る。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, in the deposit 102 a made of powdered coal, the measured temperature does not decrease much even when the target angle is changed from 55 degrees to 87 degrees. 4 and 5, the measured temperatures at the positions A to D substantially coincide with each other, so that it is understood that the temperature can be measured regardless of the position in the visual field.
ところで、一般的に、絶縁体からなる対象物を赤外線カメラで撮像した場合、対象物面の法線と赤外線カメラへの赤外線入射方向との角度（対象角度）が６０度以上になると、著しく反射率が上がると共に放射率が下がることが知られている。このため、対象角度が６０度以上の場合には、赤外線カメラで対象物の温度を正確に測定することができなくなる。図５に示した黒色のつや消し樹脂塗料を塗布したアルミ板における温度の測定結果は、この事実に則した結果となった。 By the way, in general, when an object made of an insulator is imaged by an infrared camera, if the angle (object angle) between the normal of the object surface and the direction of incidence of infrared light on the infrared camera is 60 degrees or more, it is significantly reflected. It is known that emissivity decreases as rate increases. For this reason, when the target angle is 60 degrees or more, the temperature of the target cannot be accurately measured with the infrared camera. The temperature measurement result on the aluminum plate coated with the black matte resin paint shown in FIG. 5 was based on this fact.
しかしながら、図４に示されるように、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物１０２ａを赤外線カメラ１０３で観測した場合には、一般的に考えられている対象角度と測定温度の変化との関係とは異なることがわかった。 However, as shown in FIG. 4, when the deposit 102 a made of powdered coal is observed with the infrared camera 103, the generally considered relationship between the target angle and the change in measured temperature is different. I understood it.
［１−２．考察］
ここで、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物を、均一な大きさの球体の集合であると仮定し、粉末の石炭をモデル化した。図６は、粉末状の石炭のモデルを側面から見た図と、そのモデルを正面から見た図を示している。一般的な絶縁体では、対象角度が±４５度の範囲内にある場合には、放射率は変わらない。したがって、図６に示すモデルを、矢印方向に入射する赤外線を赤外線カメラで撮影した場合、斜線で示す領域では放射率が低下せず、温度を精度良く検出することができる。
[1-2. Discussion]
Here, assuming that the deposit made of powdered coal is a collection of spheres of uniform size, powdered coal was modeled. FIG. 6 shows a side view of the powdered coal model and a front side view of the model. In a general insulator, when the target angle is within a range of ± 45 degrees, the emissivity does not change. Therefore, when the infrared ray incident in the direction of the arrow is photographed with the infrared camera, the model shown in FIG. 6 does not decrease the emissivity in the region indicated by the oblique lines, and the temperature can be detected with high accuracy.
そして、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物１０２ａを、図６に示すモデルで図示すると、図６に示すモデルを左右密に配列した状態となる。図７は、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物をモデルで示した図である。図７の左側は、モデル化した石炭からなる堆積物がなす平面の法線と赤外線カメラへの赤外線入射方向とが０度である場合に、その堆積物を側面から見た図、図７の右側は、その堆積物を正面から見た図である。図７では、堆積物がなす平面の法線と赤外線カメラへの赤外線入射方向とが０度である場合において、放射率の低下しない範囲を斜線で示している。 And if the deposit 102a which consists of powdery coal is illustrated with the model shown in FIG. 6, it will be in the state which arranged the model shown in FIG. 6 right and left densely. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a deposit made of powdered coal as a model. The left side of FIG. 7 is a view of the deposit viewed from the side when the normal of the plane formed by the modeled deposit of coal and the direction of infrared incidence on the infrared camera is 0 degrees, FIG. On the right side, the deposit is viewed from the front. In FIG. 7, the range in which the emissivity does not decrease is indicated by hatching when the normal line of the plane formed by the deposit and the infrared incident direction to the infrared camera are 0 degrees.
一方、図８は、モデル化した石炭からなる堆積物（左側）がなす平面の法線と赤外線カメラのへの赤外線入射方向とが４５度である場合に、モデル化した石炭からなる堆積物を側面から見た図、及びその堆積物を正面から見た図（右側）である。図８では、堆積物がなす平面の法線と赤外線カメラへの赤外線入射方向とが４５度である場合において、放射率の低下しない範囲を斜線で示している。 On the other hand, FIG. 8 shows the modeled coal deposit when the normal of the plane formed by the modeled coal deposit (left side) and the direction of infrared incidence on the infrared camera are 45 degrees. It is the figure seen from the side, and the figure (right side) which looked at the deposit from the front. In FIG. 8, when the normal line of the plane formed by the deposit and the infrared incident direction to the infrared camera is 45 degrees, the range where the emissivity does not decrease is indicated by diagonal lines.
図９は、図７における堆積物の正面図と図８における堆積物の正面図とを並べて示した図である。図９からわかるように、赤外線カメラへの赤外線入射方向に対して、粉末の石炭からなる堆積物の面を４５度だけ傾かせて配置しても、堆積物の面積全体に対する斜線で示す領域の割合はほとんど減らない。このため、赤外線カメラへの赤外線入射方向に対して、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物を斜めに配置し、対象角度を大きくした場合においても、赤外線カメラで観測される測定温度がほとんど変化しない。なお、対象角度を極端に大きくしたときに、若干測定温度が低下した理由は、放射率の低下しない範囲を示す斜線領域の面積が小さく観測されるためであると考えられる。 FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the front view of the deposit in FIG. 7 and the front view of the deposit in FIG. 8 side by side. As can be seen from FIG. 9, even if the surface of the deposit made of powdered coal is inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the direction of infrared incidence to the infrared camera, the area indicated by the oblique lines with respect to the entire area of the deposit The ratio is hardly reduced. For this reason, even when deposits made of powdered coal are arranged obliquely with respect to the direction of infrared incidence on the infrared camera and the target angle is increased, the measured temperature observed with the infrared camera hardly changes. Note that the reason why the measurement temperature slightly decreases when the target angle is extremely increased is considered to be that the area of the hatched area indicating the range where the emissivity does not decrease is observed to be small.
以上の考察により、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物を赤外線カメラで観測する場合には、対象角度を大きくした場合でも、その堆積物の温度をほぼ正確に計測できると言える。なお、図１に示す実験では、赤外線カメラへの赤外線入射方向と対象物の法線との角度（対象角度）が８７度〜５５度の範囲である場合を調査している。しかしながら、上述の考察により、原理的には、対象角度９０度未満であれば（すなわち、撮像対象となる堆積物の面が、赤外線カメラで撮像可能な範囲であれば）、温度を精度良く検出することができる。 Based on the above considerations, it can be said that when a deposit made of powdered coal is observed with an infrared camera, the temperature of the deposit can be measured almost accurately even when the target angle is increased. In the experiment shown in FIG. 1, the case where the angle (target angle) between the infrared incident direction to the infrared camera and the normal line of the target is in the range of 87 degrees to 55 degrees is investigated. However, according to the above consideration, in principle, if the target angle is less than 90 degrees (that is, if the surface of the deposit to be imaged is within the range that can be imaged by the infrared camera), the temperature can be detected with high accuracy. can do.
すなわち、粉末状の石炭からなる堆積物が赤外線カメラの画角内にあり、堆積物のある位置における面の法線と、その位置から赤外線カメラに入射する赤外線との角度が９０度未満であれば、その位置における温度を赤外線カメラで精度良く検出することができる。 That is, the deposit made of powdered coal is within the angle of view of the infrared camera, and the angle between the normal of the surface at the position where the deposit is located and the infrared ray incident on the infrared camera from that position is less than 90 degrees. For example, the temperature at that position can be accurately detected by the infrared camera.
以下では、上述の実験結果に基づき、山状に積層された石炭からなる堆積物の温度を精度良く監視することができる堆積物温度監視システムについて説明する。 Below, based on the above-mentioned experimental result, the deposit temperature monitoring system which can monitor the temperature of the deposit which consists of coal piled in mountain shape with sufficient accuracy is demonstrated.
〈２．本発明の一実施形態に係る温度監視システム〉
［２−１．温度監視システムの構成］
図１０Ａは、本発明の一実施形態に係る温度監視システム１を備える貯炭場を上面から見た図であり、図１０Ｂは、その貯炭場を側面から見た図である。また、図１１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る温度監視システム１を備える貯炭場を、堆積物２の短手方向における側面から見た図である。
<2. Temperature monitoring system according to one embodiment of the present invention>
[2-1. Configuration of temperature monitoring system]
FIG. 10A is a view of a coal storage yard provided with the temperature monitoring system 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above, and FIG. 10B is a view of the coal yard from the side. Moreover, FIG. 11 is the figure which looked at the coal storage area provided with the temperature monitoring system 1 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention from the side surface in the transversal direction of the deposit 2. FIG.
本実施形態における温度監視システム１は、図１０Ａ及び図１０Ｂに示すように、建屋１０の内部に設けられた貯炭場に山状に積層された石炭からなる堆積物２の温度を監視するシステムである。一般的に、貯炭場に積み上げられる石炭は、長さ数百メートル、高さ数十メートルの大きさである。本実施形態では、例えば、１つの建屋１０内において、長手方向の長さは６００メートル、短手方向の長さは５０メートル、高さ２０メートルの堆積物２が積み上げられている。なお、本実施形態では、図１０Ａに示すように、堆積物２は、堆積物２の長手方向において３つの山に分けられて積み上げられている。 As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the temperature monitoring system 1 in the present embodiment is a system that monitors the temperature of the deposit 2 made of coal stacked in a mountain shape in a coal storage yard provided inside the building 10. is there. Generally, coal piled up in a coal yard is several hundred meters long and several tens of meters high. In this embodiment, for example, in one building 10, the deposit 2 having a length in the longitudinal direction of 600 meters, a length in the short direction of 50 meters, and a height of 20 meters is stacked. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10A, the deposit 2 is divided into three peaks in the longitudinal direction of the deposit 2 and stacked.
本実施形態における堆積物２の温度監視システム１は、山状の堆積物２の温度を監視する複数台の赤外線カメラ３が設けられている。複数台の赤外線カメラ３は、それぞれ、建屋１０の内壁等、固定可能な場所に設置され、所望の堆積物２を撮像可能な位置に配置されている。以下に、赤外線カメラ３の設置方法について説明する。 The temperature monitoring system 1 of the deposit 2 in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of infrared cameras 3 that monitor the temperature of the mountain-shaped deposit 2. Each of the plurality of infrared cameras 3 is installed at a place where it can be fixed, such as the inner wall of the building 10, and is arranged at a position where the desired deposit 2 can be imaged. Below, the installation method of the infrared camera 3 is demonstrated.
本実施形態では、図１０Ａにおいて破線で示すように、水平面において１山分の堆積物２を囲むように設定された長方形状の少なくとも４つの角部のそれぞれに、赤外線カメラ３が１つずつ配置されている。このとき、それぞれの赤外線カメラ３は、図１０Ａに示すように、最も近接する堆積物２の長手方向の面と、短手方向の面とが水平面における視野角α１以内に収まるように設置される。また、図１１に示すように、それぞれの赤外線カメラ３は、堆積物２の高さ方向において、垂直方向における視野角α２以内に収まるように設置されている。なお、本実施形態では、赤外線カメラ３の水平面における視野角α１は９０度に設定されている。 In this embodiment, as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 10A, one infrared camera 3 is arranged at each of at least four corners of a rectangular shape set so as to surround one pile of sediment 2 on a horizontal plane. Has been. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10A, each infrared camera 3 is installed so that the longitudinal surface and the lateral surface of the nearest deposit 2 are within the viewing angle α1 in the horizontal plane. . Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, each infrared camera 3 is installed in the height direction of the deposit 2 so as to be within the viewing angle α2 in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the viewing angle α1 in the horizontal plane of the infrared camera 3 is set to 90 degrees.
このように、１山分の堆積物２を囲む位置に設けられた４つの赤外線カメラ３は、それぞれ堆積物２の表面の一部を視野に収めており、４つの赤外線カメラ３で堆積物２の表面のすべてを一部重複して撮像している。また、４つの赤外線カメラ３は、堆積物２の表面の任意の位置について、当該位置での面の法線と、当該位置からの赤外線が当該位置の監視を担当する赤外線カメラ３に入射する方向との角度は９０度未満となるよう配置されている。 As described above, the four infrared cameras 3 provided at positions surrounding the pile 2 of the deposits 2 each include a part of the surface of the deposit 2 in the field of view. The entire surface of the camera is partially overlapped. In addition, the four infrared cameras 3 are in any position on the surface of the deposit 2 and the direction in which the normal of the surface at the position and the infrared rays from the position are incident on the infrared camera 3 responsible for monitoring the position. Is arranged so that the angle with the angle is less than 90 degrees.
前述の考察により、堆積物２の表面の法線と、赤外線カメラ３への赤外線入射方向との為す角度が９０度未満である場合には、堆積物２の温度を測定できることを示した。また、視野内であれば視野の中央でなくとも精度よく温度計測が可能なことも実験によって明らかである。したがって、図１０Ａから、赤外線カメラ３Ａに注目すると、赤外線カメラ３Ａを堆積物２から堆積物２の短手方向に１０．５ｍ離すことによって、堆積物２の長手方向に１５０ｍ離れた位置の面の法線と、赤外線カメラ３Ａへの赤外線入射方向との為す角度が８６度となる。ところで、図１１に示すように、長手方向における堆積物の面は、鉛直方向に対して、堆積物２の中心部に向かって斜め方向に傾いて形成されている。この点を考慮しても、長手方向に１５０ｍ離れた位置での堆積物２の面の法線と、赤外線カメラ３Ａへの赤外線入射方向との為す角度は９０度未満である。すなわち、本実施形態における温度監視システム１では、赤外線カメラ３Ａによって、堆積物２の長手方向において、赤外線カメラ３Ａから１５０ｍ離れた位置においても堆積物２の温度を正しく検知することができる。 From the above consideration, it has been shown that the temperature of the deposit 2 can be measured when the angle between the normal line of the surface of the deposit 2 and the direction of incidence of infrared rays on the infrared camera 3 is less than 90 degrees. It is also clear from experiments that the temperature can be measured accurately without being in the center of the field of view. Therefore, focusing on the infrared camera 3A from FIG. 10A, by separating the infrared camera 3A from the deposit 2 in the short direction of the deposit 2 by 10.5 m, the surface at a position 150 m away in the longitudinal direction of the deposit 2 The angle formed between the normal line and the direction of infrared incident on the infrared camera 3A is 86 degrees. By the way, as shown in FIG. 11, the surface of the deposit in the longitudinal direction is formed so as to be inclined obliquely toward the center of the deposit 2 with respect to the vertical direction. Even in consideration of this point, the angle between the normal line of the surface of the deposit 2 at a position 150 m away in the longitudinal direction and the direction of incidence of infrared rays on the infrared camera 3A is less than 90 degrees. That is, in the temperature monitoring system 1 in the present embodiment, the temperature of the deposit 2 can be correctly detected by the infrared camera 3A even at a position 150 m away from the infrared camera 3A in the longitudinal direction of the deposit 2.
また、短手方向についても、図１０Ｂに示すように、短手方向における堆積物の面は、鉛直方向に対して、堆積物２の中心部に向かって斜め方向に傾いて形成されている。したがって、堆積物２の短手方向においても、堆積物２の短手方向における面の法線と、赤外線カメラ３Ａへの赤外線入射方向との為す角度は９０度未満となっている。したがって、このような赤外線カメラ３Ａの配置により、堆積物２の短手方向における面の温度も正しく検知することができる。 Also in the short direction, as shown in FIG. 10B, the surface of the deposit in the short direction is formed to be inclined obliquely toward the center of the deposit 2 with respect to the vertical direction. Therefore, even in the short direction of the deposit 2, the angle between the normal line of the surface in the short direction of the deposit 2 and the direction of incidence of infrared rays on the infrared camera 3 </ b> A is less than 90 degrees. Therefore, the temperature of the surface of the deposit 2 in the short direction can be correctly detected by such an arrangement of the infrared camera 3A.
そして、本実施形態では、堆積物２を囲むように設定される長方形状（図１０Ａの一点鎖線）の各角部に１つずつ赤外線カメラ３を配置することで、堆積物２全体を検知することができる。また、本実施形態では、赤外線カメラ３の視野角内に、堆積物２の長手方向の面と短手方向の面とが収まるように、各角部に赤外線カメラ３が設置されればよい。したがって、赤外線カメラ３で堆積物２全体を撮影するために、赤外線カメラ３を堆積物２から遠く離れた位置に設置する必要がない。このため、本実施形態の温度監視システム１は、室内など、限られたスペースに赤外線カメラ３を設置しなければならない場合の温度監視に好適である。 And in this embodiment, the infrared rays camera 3 is arrange | positioned 1 each in each corner | angular part of the rectangular shape (FIG. 10A dashed line) set so that the deposit 2 may be enclosed, and the deposit 2 whole is detected. be able to. Moreover, in this embodiment, the infrared camera 3 should just be installed in each corner | angular part so that the surface of the longitudinal direction and the surface of a transversal direction of the deposit 2 may be settled in the viewing angle of the infrared camera 3. FIG. Therefore, it is not necessary to install the infrared camera 3 at a position far away from the deposit 2 in order to photograph the entire deposit 2 with the infrared camera 3. For this reason, the temperature monitoring system 1 of this embodiment is suitable for temperature monitoring when the infrared camera 3 must be installed in a limited space such as indoors.
このように、本実施形態の温度監視システム１では、１山分の堆積物２に対して、４つの赤外線カメラ３を設置すればよく、図１０Ａに示すように、３山分の堆積物２の温度を検知するためには、１２台の赤外線カメラ３を設置すればよい。 Thus, in the temperature monitoring system 1 of this embodiment, the four infrared cameras 3 should just be installed with respect to the deposit 2 for one mountain, and the deposit 2 for three mountains is shown in FIG. 10A. In order to detect the temperature, 12 infrared cameras 3 may be installed.
［２−２．比較例に係る温度監視システム］
図１４は、従来の赤外線カメラ３を用いた一般的な温度監視システムを示す図である。図１４において、図１０Ａに対応する部分には同一符号を付し重複説明を省略する。
[2-2. Temperature monitoring system according to comparative example]
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a general temperature monitoring system using a conventional infrared camera 3. In FIG. 14, parts corresponding to those in FIG.
図１４に示すように、従来は、堆積物２の長手方向の軸に対して光軸が直交するように赤外線カメラ３を設置する方法が採用されていた。また、堆積物２を撮像する際、堆積物２の面に対して赤外線カメラ３の視野角が４５度以下であれば、堆積物２の放射率が低下しないと考えられていた。このため、山状の堆積物２を撮像するためには、赤外線カメラ３を、その光軸が堆積物２の長手方向の軸に直交するように配置すると共に、視野角４５度以内に全ての堆積物２の面が収まるように配置するのが一般的な考え方であった。 As shown in FIG. 14, conventionally, a method of installing the infrared camera 3 so that the optical axis is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the deposit 2 has been adopted. Further, when imaging the deposit 2, it was considered that if the viewing angle of the infrared camera 3 with respect to the surface of the deposit 2 is 45 degrees or less, the emissivity of the deposit 2 does not decrease. For this reason, in order to image the mountain-shaped deposit 2, the infrared camera 3 is arranged so that its optical axis is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the deposit 2 and all the viewing angles are within 45 degrees. It was a general idea to arrange the deposit 2 so that the surface of the deposit 2 was contained.
したがって、このような従来の考え方を採用した場合、赤外線カメラ３は、堆積物２の長手方向に沿って、例えば２０ｍ置きに１台ずつ配置する必要がある。そうすると、堆積物２の両側において、２０ｍ毎に１台の赤外線カメラ３を設置する必要があり、全長６００ｍ程に積まれた堆積物２を撮影するには、約６０台の赤外線カメラ３が必要になる。 Therefore, when such a conventional concept is adopted, it is necessary to arrange the infrared cameras 3 one by one along the longitudinal direction of the deposit 2, for example, every 20 m. Then, it is necessary to install one infrared camera 3 every 20 m on both sides of the deposit 2, and about 60 infrared cameras 3 are necessary to photograph the deposit 2 stacked about 600 m in total length. become.
これに対し、本実施形態では、前述した原理に基づいて、粉末状の石炭を赤外線カメラ３で撮影する場合、粉末状の石炭の面と、赤外線カメラ３への赤外線入射方向が９０度未満であれば、温度検知の精度が落ちないことがわかった。したがって、本実施形態の温度監視システム１では、図１０Ａ及び図１０Ｂに示す位置に赤外線カメラ３を設置すればよく、１２台の赤外線カメラ３で堆積物２全体の温度を検知することができる。これにより、より少ない台数の赤外線カメラ３で堆積物２全体を監視することができ、システム全体のコストを抑えることができる。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, when powdered coal is imaged with the infrared camera 3 based on the principle described above, the surface of the powdered coal and the infrared incident direction to the infrared camera 3 are less than 90 degrees. It was found that the accuracy of temperature detection would not drop if there was. Therefore, in the temperature monitoring system 1 of this embodiment, the infrared camera 3 should just be installed in the position shown to FIG. 10A and 10B, and the temperature of the deposit 2 whole can be detected with the 12 infrared cameras 3. FIG. Thereby, the whole deposit 2 can be monitored with a smaller number of infrared cameras 3, and the cost of the entire system can be suppressed.
そして、従来の赤外線カメラによる対象物の温度監視では、対象角度が６０度以上の場合には、赤外線カメラで対象物の温度を正確に測定することができないと考えられていたが、本実施形態では、対象角度が９０度未満であれば温度検知を行うことができる。したがって、本実施形態の温度監視システムでは、対象角度が６０度以上９０度未満となる領域を含む領域を監視領域とすることができる。そして、本実施形態の温度監視システム１では、対象角度が０度以上６０度未満となる領域を監視領域に含むと共に、対象角度が６０度以上９０度未満となる領域も監視領域に含むように赤外線カメラ３が設置されている。このように、対象角度が６０度以上９０度未満となる領域も監視対象に含むことができるため、設置する赤外線カメラの台数を従来に比較して、より少なくすることができる。 And in the temperature monitoring of the object by the conventional infrared camera, when the object angle is 60 degrees or more, it is considered that the temperature of the object cannot be accurately measured by the infrared camera. Then, temperature detection can be performed if the target angle is less than 90 degrees. Therefore, in the temperature monitoring system of the present embodiment, an area including an area where the target angle is 60 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees can be set as the monitoring area. In the temperature monitoring system 1 of the present embodiment, a region where the target angle is 0 ° or more and less than 60 ° is included in the monitoring region, and a region where the target angle is 60 ° or more and less than 90 ° is also included in the monitoring region. An infrared camera 3 is installed. Thus, since the area | region where an object angle is 60 degree or more and less than 90 degree can also be included in a monitoring object, the number of the infrared cameras to install can be decreased compared with the past.
さらに、本実施形態のように、視野角９０度以上の赤外線カメラ３を堆積物２の四隅に配置する構成は、堆積物２により近い位置に赤外線カメラ３を配置でき、より少ない赤外線カメラ３の台数で堆積物２全体の温度を監視することができる効果をもたらす。 Furthermore, as in the present embodiment, the configuration in which the infrared cameras 3 having a viewing angle of 90 degrees or more are arranged at the four corners of the deposit 2 allows the infrared cameras 3 to be arranged at positions closer to the deposit 2. This brings about an effect that the temperature of the entire deposit 2 can be monitored by the number.
また、従来の方法では、赤外線カメラ３などの温度検知装置を、スペースの限られた室内で移動させることで堆積物２の温度を検知することも行われている。これに対し、本実施形態では、赤外線カメラ３を移動させるための設備を必要としないという利点もある。 In the conventional method, the temperature of the deposit 2 is also detected by moving a temperature detection device such as an infrared camera 3 in a room with limited space. On the other hand, in this embodiment, there is also an advantage that equipment for moving the infrared camera 3 is not required.
［２−３．温度監視システムの要部の構成］
ここで、本実施形態の温度監視システム１の要部の構成について説明する。図１２は、本実施形態における温度監視システム１における要部の構成を示す概略図である。図１２に示すように、本実施形態の温度監視システム１は、複数台の赤外線カメラ３と、発火検知部８とを備える。各赤外線カメラで３は、センサ部６で取得された情報が画像処理部７に送られ、画像処理部７において処理された信号が、発火検知部８に送られる。そして、この発火検知部８において、堆積物２の各領域における温度が検知される。
[2-3. Configuration of main parts of temperature monitoring system]
Here, the structure of the principal part of the temperature monitoring system 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a main part in the temperature monitoring system 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, the temperature monitoring system 1 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of infrared cameras 3 and an ignition detection unit 8. In each infrared camera 3, information acquired by the sensor unit 6 is sent to the image processing unit 7, and a signal processed in the image processing unit 7 is sent to the firing detection unit 8. And in this ignition detection part 8, the temperature in each area | region of the deposit 2 is detected.
ところで、赤外線カメラ３で温度を検知する場合、赤外線カメラ３から近い位置にある物を撮像する場合に１画素に収められる面積は、赤外線カメラ３から遠い位置にある物を撮像する場合における１画素に収められる面積よりも小さい。 By the way, when detecting the temperature with the infrared camera 3, the area that can be accommodated in one pixel when imaging an object that is close to the infrared camera 3 is one pixel when imaging an object that is far from the infrared camera 3. It is smaller than the area that can be accommodated.
図１３は、赤外線カメラ３Ａ（図１０Ａ参照）で撮影される堆積物２の画像５を模式的に示した図である。図１３に示すように、赤外線カメラ３Ａから近い位置にある領域Ｘ１の面積と、遠い位置にある領域Ｘ４の面積を比較すると領域Ｘ４の方が大きい。したがって、領域Ｘ４において１画素に相当する面積は、領域Ｘ１において１画素に相当する面積よりも大きくなる。このため、赤外線カメラ３Ａから最も遠い位置にある領域Ｘ４では、領域Ｘ１よりも広い面積の平均温度が１画素に出力されることとなる。 FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing an image 5 of the deposit 2 taken by the infrared camera 3A (see FIG. 10A). As shown in FIG. 13, the area X4 is larger when the area of the region X1 located near the infrared camera 3A is compared with the area of the region X4 located far away. Therefore, the area corresponding to one pixel in the region X4 is larger than the area corresponding to one pixel in the region X1. For this reason, in the region X4 located farthest from the infrared camera 3A, an average temperature of an area wider than that of the region X1 is output to one pixel.
この結果、赤外線カメラ３Ａから遠い位置にある領域Ｘ４において、実際には発火直前の高い温度の箇所が存在していたとしても、その周りの温度との平均が１画素に出力されることで、発火直前の高い温度の箇所が見逃される問題が出てくる。 As a result, in the region X4 located far from the infrared camera 3A, even if there is actually a high temperature location just before ignition, the average of the surrounding temperature is output to one pixel, There is a problem that the high temperature spot just before ignition is overlooked.
一方、赤外線カメラ３Ａから近い位置にある領域Ｘ１においては、狭い面積を１画素に出力することができるため、比較的精度よく温度を検出することができる。 On the other hand, in the region X1 located close to the infrared camera 3A, a narrow area can be output to one pixel, so that the temperature can be detected with relatively high accuracy.
そこで、図１３に示すように、赤外線カメラ３Ａで撮像する表示画像上に、複数領域（図１３では４領域）を定義し、赤外線カメラ３Ａと堆積物２との距離に応じて、発火検出温度の閾値をそれぞれ設定する。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of regions (four regions in FIG. 13) are defined on the display image captured by the infrared camera 3A, and the ignition detection temperature is determined according to the distance between the infrared camera 3A and the deposit 2. The threshold values are set respectively.
ここでは、例えば、赤外線カメラ３Ａで取得される画像を、赤外線カメラ３Ａから最も近い領域Ｘ１、２番面に近い領域Ｘ２、３番目に近い領域Ｘ３、一番遠い領域Ｘ４に分割し、かつ、各領域Ｘ１〜Ｘ４は、一部重なるように設定する。また、発火検知温度の閾値は、領域Ｘ１、領域Ｘ２、領域Ｘ３、領域Ｘ４の順で、閾値が順に低くなるように設定する。 Here, for example, an image acquired by the infrared camera 3A is divided into the region X1, the region X2, the region closest to the second surface X2, the region X3 closest to the third surface, the region X4 farthest from the infrared camera 3A, and Each region X1 to X4 is set to partially overlap. Moreover, the threshold value of the ignition detection temperature is set so that the threshold value decreases in the order of the region X1, the region X2, the region X3, and the region X4.
撮像された画像の分割方法、及び分割された各領域Ｘ１〜Ｘ４における閾値の設定は、ユーザーによって適宜変更可能である。発火検知部８では、画像処理部７から送られてきたデータを元に、各領域Ｘ１〜Ｘ４において、各領域Ｘ１〜Ｘ４で検知された温度が、各領域Ｘ１〜Ｘ４に設定された閾値よりも高いか低いかを判断し、発火の有無を検知する。ここでは、赤外線カメラ３Ａについて説明したが、その他の赤外線カメラ３において取得された画像を、赤外線カメラ３と堆積物２との距離に応じて各領域に分割し、各領域において設定された閾値と検知された温度との比較によって発火の有無を検知する。 The method for dividing the captured image and the setting of the threshold value in each of the divided regions X1 to X4 can be appropriately changed by the user. In the ignition detection unit 8, based on the data sent from the image processing unit 7, in each of the regions X1 to X4, the temperature detected in each of the regions X1 to X4 is based on the threshold value set in each of the regions X1 to X4. It is also determined whether it is high or low, and the presence or absence of ignition is detected. Here, the infrared camera 3A has been described, but an image acquired by the other infrared camera 3 is divided into each region according to the distance between the infrared camera 3 and the deposit 2, and a threshold value set in each region is obtained. The presence or absence of ignition is detected by comparison with the detected temperature.
以上説明した、本実施形態の温度監視システム１では、赤外線カメラ３と堆積物２との距離が一様でない場合においても、精度良く温度検知することができる。本実施形態では、発火検知部８を赤外線カメラ３とは別に構成する例としたが、赤外線カメラ３の内部に設けてもよい。 In the temperature monitoring system 1 of the present embodiment described above, the temperature can be detected with high accuracy even when the distance between the infrared camera 3 and the deposit 2 is not uniform. In the present embodiment, the ignition detection unit 8 is configured separately from the infrared camera 3, but may be provided inside the infrared camera 3.
ところで、石炭の他、木くずや廃棄物等を山状に積み上げて保管しておく場合においても、木くずや廃棄物からなる堆積物が自然発火する恐れがある。したがって、石炭の他、木くずや廃棄物などの可燃物を山状に積み上げた堆積物の温度を常時監視することのできるシステムが望まれている。 Incidentally, in addition to coal, when wood chips and waste are piled up and stored in piles, there is a risk that the deposits made of wood chips and waste will spontaneously ignite. Therefore, there is a demand for a system that can constantly monitor the temperature of sediments in which combustible materials such as wood chips and waste are piled up in addition to coal.
実施形態の温度監視システム１では、粉末状の石炭を堆積させた堆積物２を例に説明したが、その他、粒状の物体、例えば、木くずや、廃棄物等を山状に積み上げた堆積物の温度検知にも有効に用いることができる。木くずや廃棄物等を山状に積み上げた場合においても、様々な方向に向かう面を有するため、木くずや、廃棄物等で構成される堆積物面に対して赤外線カメラが位置する方向を斜めにしていった場合にも、対象角度による放射率の低下は起こりにくい。このため、木くずや、廃棄物等で構成される堆積物においても、本実施形態の温度監視システムを用いることで、少ない台数の赤外線カメラで、堆積物全体の温度を検知することができる。 In the temperature monitoring system 1 of the embodiment, the deposit 2 in which powdered coal is deposited has been described as an example, but other granular objects, for example, a pile of piled wood waste, waste, and the like It can also be used effectively for temperature detection. Even when piled up wood chips and waste, etc., it has a surface that faces in various directions, so the direction in which the infrared camera is located is slanted with respect to the surface of the wood and waste piles. Even if it goes, the emissivity is not easily lowered by the target angle. For this reason, the temperature of the entire deposit can be detected with a small number of infrared cameras by using the temperature monitoring system of the present embodiment even for the deposit composed of wood chips, waste, or the like.
また、本実施形態の温度監視システム１では、一山分の堆積物２を４つの赤外線カメラ３で撮影する構成としたが、必要によっては、４つ以上の赤外線カメラ３を設置してもよい。また、１山分の堆積物２を囲むように設定された長方形状の４つの角部に赤外線カメラを設置する構成としたが、対角上にある２つの角部に赤外線カメラを設置する構成としてもよい。すなわち、堆積物２がなす面の法線と、赤外線カメラ３への赤外線入射方向との為す角度が９０°未満となるように配置されていればよく、種々の形態を採ることができる。 Moreover, in the temperature monitoring system 1 of this embodiment, although it was set as the structure which image | photographs the deposit 2 for one mountain with the four infrared cameras 3, you may install four or more infrared cameras 3 as needed. . In addition, the infrared camera is installed at the four rectangular corners set so as to surround the pile 2 of sediment, but the infrared camera is installed at the two diagonal corners. It is good. That is, it is only necessary that the angle formed by the normal of the surface formed by the deposit 2 and the direction of incidence of infrared rays on the infrared camera 3 is less than 90 °, and various forms can be adopted.
以上、本発明について、実施形態に基づいて説明したが、本発明は上述の実施形態に記載した構成に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において適宜その構成を変更することができるものである。また、上述した実施形態例は、本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されない。例えば、実施形態の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。 As described above, the present invention has been described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above-described embodiment, and the configuration can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist thereof. Is. Further, the above-described exemplary embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. For example, with respect to a part of the configuration of the embodiment, it is possible to add, delete, or replace another configuration.
１…温度監視システム、２…堆積物、３…赤外線カメラ、６…センサ部、７…画像処理部、８…発火検知部、１０…建屋、１００…テーブル、１０１…熱源、１０２…対象物、１０３…赤外線カメラ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Temperature monitoring system, 2 ... Deposit, 3 ... Infrared camera, 6 ... Sensor part, 7 ... Image processing part, 8 ... Ignition detection part, 10 ... Building, 100 ... Table, 101 ... Heat source, 102 ... Object, 103 ... Infrared camera
Claims (7)
前記堆積物表面の所定の位置における法線と当該位置から赤外線カメラに入射する赤外線の入射方向との為す角度を対象角度としたときに、
前記対象角度が６０度以上９０度未満である位置を監視対象領域に含むように、少なくとも一台の赤外線カメラを配置する
温度監視システム。 A temperature monitoring system for monitoring a temperature of a deposit in which a plurality of objects are piled up in a mountain shape,
When the angle between the normal line at a predetermined position on the surface of the deposit and the incident direction of infrared light incident on the infrared camera from the position is the target angle,
A temperature monitoring system in which at least one infrared camera is arranged so that a position where the target angle is 60 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees is included in the monitoring target area.
請求項１に記載の温度監視システム。 The temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the deposit and the infrared camera are disposed indoors.
請求項１又は２に記載の温度監視システム。 2. The deposit has a shape that is long in one direction on a horizontal plane, and the infrared camera is disposed at at least four corners of a rectangular shape that is set to surround the deposit on the horizontal plane. Or the temperature monitoring system of 2.
請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載の温度監視システム。 The temperature monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a viewing angle of the infrared camera is 90 degrees or more.
前記定義された複数の領域毎に、前記赤外線カメラと領域に含まれる前記堆積物の距離に応じて発火検知温度の閾値を定義し、
各領域において設定された閾値と前記赤外線カメラの画像から検知された温度とを比較して、発火の有無を検知する発火検知部を備える
請求項１〜４のいずれか一項に記載の温度監視システム。 Defining a plurality of regions in the image acquired by the infrared camera;
For each of the plurality of defined areas, a threshold value of ignition detection temperature is defined according to a distance between the infrared camera and the deposit included in the area,
The temperature monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an ignition detection unit that detects the presence or absence of ignition by comparing a threshold set in each region with a temperature detected from an image of the infrared camera. system.
請求項１〜５のいずれか一項に記載の温度監視システム。 The temperature monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the object constituting the deposit is a combustible material.
前記堆積物表面の所定の位置における法線と当該位置から赤外線カメラに入射する赤外線の入射方向との為す角度を対象角度としたときに、
前記対象角度が６０度以上９０度未満である前記所定の位置を監視範囲として含むように、少なくとも一台の赤外線カメラを配置し、
前記堆積物を撮像する
温度監視方法。
A temperature monitoring method for monitoring a temperature of a deposit in which a plurality of objects are piled up in a mountain shape,
When the angle between the normal line at a predetermined position on the surface of the deposit and the incident direction of infrared light incident on the infrared camera from the position is the target angle,
Arrange at least one infrared camera so as to include the predetermined position where the target angle is 60 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees as a monitoring range,
A temperature monitoring method for imaging the deposit.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111007099A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-14 | 陕西煤业化工新型能源有限公司神木分公司 | Test method for determining spontaneous combustion accumulation thickness of pulverized coal |
| CN111579584A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-25 | 太原理工大学 | Method for identifying gas enrichment area in coal based on infrared thermal imaging technology |
| WO2022030229A1 (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-10 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Management system, management device, management method, and management program |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111007099A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-14 | 陕西煤业化工新型能源有限公司神木分公司 | Test method for determining spontaneous combustion accumulation thickness of pulverized coal |
| CN111579584A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-25 | 太原理工大学 | Method for identifying gas enrichment area in coal based on infrared thermal imaging technology |
| WO2022030229A1 (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-10 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Management system, management device, management method, and management program |
| JP2022028245A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-16 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Management system, management device, management method and program |
| JP7166314B2 (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2022-11-07 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Management system, management device, management method and program |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7055602B2 (en) | 2022-04-18 |
| TW201910238A (en) | 2019-03-16 |
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