JP2019026428A - Elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an elevator including an inexpensive and small-sized vibration control device.SOLUTION: The elevator includes a guide device 35 attached to a car 1 and guided by a guide rail 2. The guide device 35 includes roller supporting bases 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d that are attached to the car 1 and extend in a direction along the guide rail 2, a lever 5 whose one end is rotatably connected to the roller supporting base 4a, a roller 3 that is rotatably attached to the lever 5 and in contact with the guide rail 2, a link 8 whose one end is connected to the other end of the lever 5, a damper 13 whose one end is rotatably attached to the roller supporting base 4a, and a link 11 connected to the other end of the link 8 and the other end of the damper 13. The link 11 has three rotation shafts 9, 10, 12 which are rotatably connected to the other end of the link 8, the other end of the damper 13, and the roller supporting base 4d, respectively.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator including a vibration damping device that suppresses vibration of a car.

  The elevator is provided with a guide device in which rollers come in contact with the guide rail from three directions in order to move the car up and down stably along the guide rail. The force with which the roller is pressed against the guide rail is adjusted by a spring installed on a lever to which the roller is attached. If the guide rail is bent and installed, or if there is a step at the joint between the guide rails, an external force is applied to the car via the rollers that are in contact with the guide rail, and this force causes lateral vibration. It has become.

  As one of the methods for suppressing such lateral vibration of the car, there is a method of firmly managing the bend and the step of the guide rail which is a disturbance source so as to be within the installation standard. The car is composed of a car room in which a person gets in and a car frame to which a rope and a guide device are attached. Then, the car room and the car frame are connected to each other through an anti-vibration rubber so that vibration is hardly transmitted from the car frame to the car room.

  In recent years, it has become difficult to secure skilled engineers, and it has become difficult to maintain guide rail installation accuracy. The vibration caused by the bending of the guide rail or the level difference cannot be sufficiently suppressed only by the vibration isolating rubber arranged in the car room and the car frame. For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-89487) has been proposed as a method for preventing the vibration of the cab from becoming large even when the guide rail is not well installed.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a lever is connected to a lever to which a roller is attached in a lateral direction from a position where the roller is attached, and a damping device is installed between the lateral lever and a car frame. Has been. Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a pantograph-like link mechanism is provided between a lateral lever and a car frame, and a damping device is installed in the link mechanism to increase the piston stroke of the damping device. ing.

  As another method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-131385 has been proposed. Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for controlling the pressing force of two guide rollers provided on both sides of a guide rail against the guide rail with one actuator. In Patent Document 2, the vibration of the car is detected, and the pressing force of the roller against the guide rail is changed based on the detected vibration information to suppress the vibration of the car.

  Furthermore, Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-52908) has been proposed as a method for suppressing vibration of a direct car. Patent Document 3 discloses a technology in which a rotary actuator is provided with a weight eccentric from a rotation shaft, and this actuator is attached to a car. Then, the rotation of the actuator is controlled according to the vibration information of the car detected by the vibration detecting means attached to the car.

JP2003-89487 JP 2006-131385 A JP 2010-52908 A

  In recent years, it has been difficult to ensure the accuracy of guide rail installation, and the above-described method has been studied in order to suppress the increased lateral car vibration. In order to further improve the damping performance with a passive damping device, it is necessary to improve the performance of the damping device itself. Alternatively, as described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to add a pantograph-like link mechanism to increase the stroke of the damping device. When a pantograph-like link mechanism is added as described in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the apparatus is increased in size and costs are increased.

  In addition, as described in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, an actuator that actively suppresses vibration of a car using an actuator requires a driving means such as a motor and a control device, which increases the cost. there were.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and to provide an elevator including an inexpensive and small vibration control device.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by a car that moves in a hoistway, a guide rail that guides the car, and a guide rail that is attached to the car and guided by the guide rail. In the elevator provided with the guide device, the guide device includes a support portion attached to the car and extending in a direction along the guide rail, a lever whose one end is rotatably connected to the support portion, and the lever A roller rotatably attached to the guide rail, a first link having one end connected to the other end of the lever, a damping means having one end rotatably attached to the support, A second link connected to the other end side of the first link and the other end side of the attenuating means, and the second link has three rotating shafts, and each of the first links. The other end, in that the other end side and connecting the support portion and rotatably in the damping means.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the elevator provided with the cheap and small damping device can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the guide apparatus provided with the damping means based on one Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows a part of mechanism of the damping means based on one Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the damping device which concerns on the other Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the comparative example of the guide apparatus provided with the damping means. It is a figure which shows the comparative example of the guide apparatus provided with the damping means. It is a top view of the car concerning one example of the present invention. It is a front view of the car concerning one example of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and includes various modifications and application examples within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a top view of a car according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a front view of a car according to one embodiment of the present invention.

  The elevator car 1 moves up and down in the hoistway along a guide rail 2 installed in the elevator hoistway. Guide devices 35, 36, 37, and 38 for guiding the car 1 along the guide rail 2 are attached above and below the car 1. The guide devices 35, 36, 37, and 38 are attached to the upper, lower, left and right squares of the normal car 1. Each guide device 35, 36, 37, 38 has three rollers 25a, 25b, 25c and 26a, 26b, 26c in contact with the three surfaces of the guide rail 2, as shown in FIG. Therefore, as an elevator, twelve rollers are vertically in contact with the guide rail surface.

  When the car 1 moves up and down by an electric motor (not shown), the rollers 25 and 26 are guided by the guide rail 2. When the guide rail 2 is distorted or the like, the rollers 25 and 26 traveling on the guide rail 2 are shaken, and the shake is transmitted to the car 1.

  In order to suppress the shaking of the car 1, the guide devices 35 and 36 are provided with vibration damping means for suppressing vibration. Hereinafter, the configuration of the vibration damping means will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  FIG. 1 is a view showing a guide device provided with vibration damping means according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view showing a part of the mechanism of the vibration damping means according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the guide device 35 will be described, but the guide device 36 has the same configuration.

  The guide device 35 includes a roller 3 that contacts the guide rail 2. The roller 3 is rotatably supported on the lever 5 by a rotating shaft 7. The lever 5 extends in a direction along the guide rail 2. One end side of the lever 5 is rotatably attached to the roller support 4b via the rotating shaft 6. The roller support base 4b is fixed to the roller support base 4a, and the roller support base 4a is fixed to the car 1 (the roller support bases 4a and 4b are the first support portions. The roller support bases 4c and 4d are also provided. And support part).

  A link 8 (first link) extending in the direction opposite to the guide rail 2 is fixed to the other end of the lever 5 that is not supported by the rotating shaft 6. The lever 5 and the link 8 are fixed at an angle θ as shown in FIG. A link 11 is connected to the other end of the link 8 that is not fixed to the lever 5 via a rotary shaft 9 so as to be rotatable. The link 11 is formed in an L shape. The rotating shaft 10 is provided at a bent portion (L-shaped corner) of the link 11.

  One end side of a roller support base 4c (second support portion) extending in the direction along the guide rail 2 is attached to the roller support base 4b. A roller support base 4d (third support portion) extending in the direction opposite to the guide rail 2 is attached to the other end side of the roller support base 4c.

  The link 11 is connected to the roller support 4d by a rotating shaft 10, and the link 11 is supported so as to be rotatable about the rotating shaft 10. The link 11 is connected to one end side of a damper 13 via a rotary shaft 12, and the other end side of the damper 13 is connected to a roller support base 4 a via a roller support base 4 e provided with a rotary shaft 14.

  The roller 3 is pressed against the guide rail 2 with a predetermined force by a spring 15 in contact with the lever 5. When the roller 3 is pressed toward the car 1 by bending or a step on the guide rail 2, the lever 5 rotates in the direction of the arrow (clockwise) about the rotating shaft 6 against the urging force of the spring 15. . The force applied to the lever 5 is transmitted to the link 8 and further transmitted to the link 11. Since the link 11 is connected to the roller support 4d via the rotating shaft 10, it rotates in the direction of the arrow (counterclockwise) about the rotating shaft 10. Since the damper 11 (attenuating means) is connected to the link 11 via the rotary shaft 12, the link 11 rotates in the direction of the arrow (counterclockwise) on the rotary shaft 12. In accordance with this, the damper 13 is pulled upward. The damper 13 includes a cylinder 13a and a piston 13b. In the cylinder 13a, there are oil and an orifice (not shown), and a damping effect is exhibited by a resistance force generated when the oil passes through the orifice. In order to produce a damping effect, it is necessary to secure a predetermined piston stroke. In this embodiment, the stroke of the piston 13b of the damper 13 can be increased by using the link 8 and the link 11, and the vibration of the car 1 can be reduced. Can be suppressed.

  The vibration generated when the guide rail 2 has irregularities such as a bend or a level difference can be alleviated by the spring 15. However, if the irregular frequency of the guide rail 2 and the natural frequency of the car 1 are close, the car vibration may increase. For this reason, a vibration control means is required.

  For example, when a damper is used as a part of the damping means, it is necessary to secure a predetermined piston stroke in order to obtain a damping effect as described above. As a comparison with the present embodiment, an example of a guide device using a damper will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

  4 and 5 are diagrams showing a comparative example of the guide device provided with the vibration damping means. In FIG. 4, one end side of a link 20 that extends in the lateral direction opposite to the guide rail 2 with respect to the lever 5 is connected by a rotating shaft 7 to be rotatable. A damper 21 is connected to the other end of the link 20 that is not fixed to the lever 5 via a rotating shaft 22. In this configuration, if the distance between the rotating shaft 6 and the rotating shaft 7 is 11 and the distance between the rotating shaft 7 and the rotating shaft 22 is 12, the amplification factor a of the stroke of the damper 21 with respect to the displacement of the roller 3 is a = 12. / L1. Therefore, if l1 is made as small as possible and l2 is made large, the amplification factor a also becomes large. However, in order to reduce l1, it is necessary to make the roller 3 small. However, since the roller 3 needs a predetermined size, there is a limit in reducing l1. Further, instead of reducing l1, if l2 is increased, it is necessary to secure a lateral place, and there is a limit to increasing l2. Thus, the amplification factor a cannot be easily increased.

  Next, FIG. 5 will be described. In FIG. 5, one end of a roller support 4f extending in the lateral direction opposite to the guide rail 2 is connected to the other end of the roller support 4c. A roller support base 4g extending downward is connected to the other end side of the roller support base 4f. A damper 23 is attached to the roller support 4g so as to be laterally arranged toward the guide rail 2. A damper 23 is brought into contact with the other end of the lever 5 not connected to the rotating shaft 6. The damper 23 is disposed between the lever 5 and the roller support 4g. In this case, if the distance between the rotary shaft 6 and the rotary shaft 7 is l1, and the distance between the rotary shaft 6 and the point where the damper 23 is in contact is l3, the amplification factor a is a = 13 / l1. In order to increase the amplification factor a, it is necessary to increase l3. However, if l3 is increased, it is necessary to secure a place in the vertical direction, and there is a limit to increasing l3. Also in this case, the amplification factor a cannot be increased easily.

  As described above, in the configurations of FIGS. 4 and 5, it is difficult to increase the amplification factor a, and vibrations of the car cannot be sufficiently suppressed.

  Next, the amplification factor a of this embodiment will be described. Let us calculate the amplification factor a in the embodiment of FIG. Here, θ formed by the lever 5 and the link 8 shown in FIG. 2 is assumed to be 90 °. If the length of the lever 5 is l3 and the length of the link 8 is l4, the amplification factor al of the displacement of the rotating shaft 9 relative to the displacement of the roller 3 is as follows.

  The gain a can be increased by connecting the link 11 directly to the lever 5 but not via the link 8. However, for this purpose, it is necessary to set the angle θ formed by the lever 5 and the link 8 to 90 ° or more. When the distance between the rotary shaft 9 and the rotary shaft 10 in the link 11 is 15 and the distance between the rotary shaft 10 and the rotary shaft 12 is 16, the displacement amplification factor a2 at the link 11 is a2 = 16/15, and the roller 3 The amplification factor a of the stroke of the damper 13 with respect to the displacement is as follows.

  The length of l5 in the link 11 only needs to secure the dimension to which the rotary shaft 9 and the rotary shaft 10 are attached, and can be set to a considerably small value. Accordingly, the amplification factor a can be increased without increasing l6 too much.

  Moreover, the damper 13 is placed vertically by changing the direction in which the rotating shaft 12 is displaced from the lateral direction in which the roller 3 is displaced to the longitudinal direction by using the L-shaped link 11 as shown in FIG. Can do.

  In this embodiment, the guide device 35 uses the link 8, the link 11, and the damper 13 as vibration control means. Three rotational shafts 9, 10, and 12 are attached to the link 11 so as to be rotatable on the other end side of the link 8, the other end side of the damper 13, and the roller support 4d. According to the present embodiment, by configuring as described above, it is possible to secure the size of the stroke of the damper 13 while suppressing an increase in dimension in the lateral direction.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the difference from the first embodiment is the shape of the link 11 and the size of the damper 13. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 3, a link 11 is connected to the other end of the link 8 that is not fixed to the lever 5 via a rotary shaft 9 so as to be rotatable. The rotating shaft 9 is provided at a bent portion of the link 11. A roller support base 4d extending in the direction opposite to the guide rail 2 is attached to the other end side of the roller support base 4c. The link 11 is connected to the roller support 4d by a rotating shaft 10, and the link 11 is supported so as to be rotatable about the rotating shaft 10. The link 11 is connected to one end side of a damper 13 via a rotary shaft 12, and the other end side of the damper 13 is connected to a roller support base 4 a via a roller support base 4 e provided with a rotary shaft 14.

  The operations of the lever 5, the link 8 and the link 11 are the same as those in the first embodiment. When the roller 3 is pressed toward the car 1, it moves in the direction of the arrow shown. In this embodiment, the attachment positions of the rotary shaft 9 and the rotary shaft 10 in the link 11 are reversed with respect to FIG. That is, the rotating shaft 9 provided at the bent portion of the link 11 is connected to the link 8. Therefore, the height direction of the portion extending in the lateral direction of the link 11 is lower than that in FIG. 1, and the length of the damper 13 connected to the link 11 is shorter than that in FIG. However, compared with the prior art, the stroke of the piston 13b of the damper 13 can be increased.

  In the present embodiment, the link 8, the link 11, and the damper 13 are used as the vibration control means in the guide device 35. Three rotational shafts 9, 10, and 12 are attached to the link 11 so as to be rotatable on the other end side of the link 8, the other end side of the damper 13, and the roller support 4d. According to the present embodiment, by configuring as described above, it is possible to secure the size of the stroke of the damper 13 while suppressing an increase in dimension in the lateral direction. Furthermore, since the damper 13 can also be made small, an increase in the dimension in the vertical direction can be suppressed.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the guide devices 35 and 36 having the vibration damping means have been described in the configuration (FIG. 7) arranged on the upper left and right of the car 1, but the car 1 Vibration control means may be provided on the guide devices 37 and 38 disposed on the left and right sides of the lower portion of the car 1.

  Further, the damper 13 described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment is configured to generate a great damping effect when the piston 13b is pulled with respect to the cylinder 13a. In such a case, when the lever 5 moves to the right in FIG. 1, the rotating shaft 12 moves upward, and the piston 13b moves relatively to the side pulled by the cylinder 13a, so that a damping effect can be expected. When moving to the left, the rotating shaft 12 moves downward, and the piston 13b moves to the side pushed relative to the cylinder 13a. When the front-rear direction of the car 1 is viewed, the two rollers 3 are in contact with the surface of the guide rail 2 in the front-rear direction. When dampers 13 are installed on the two rollers 3, respectively, when the car 1 is moved forward by the guide rail 2, the damper 13 of the roller 3 disposed in the forward direction functions and suppresses vibration. Further, when the car 1 is moved in the rear direction, the damper 13 of the roller 3 arranged in the rear direction functions to suppress vibration. In this way, by installing the damper 13 so as to face the guide rail 2, it is possible to obtain a configuration that has a damping effect for vibrations from either direction. The same applies to the left and right directions, and dampers are installed in pairs, and a damping effect can be expected in either direction. Further, the damper 13 described in the first and second embodiments is configured to generate a large damping effect both when the piston 13b is pulled and pushed against the cylinder 13a. Also good. In such a case, the number and arrangement thereof may be freely configured in accordance with the required attenuation effect.

  In this embodiment, the damper is used as the damping means, but an actuator may be used instead.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, Various modifications are included. The above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car 2 Guide rail 3 Roller 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g Roller support stand 5 Lever 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 22 Rotating shaft 8 Link (1st link)
11 link (second link)
13, 21, 23 Damper 15 Spring 25, 25a, 25b, 25c, 26, 26a, 26b, 26c Roller 35, 36, 37, 38 Guide device

Claims (10)

In an elevator that includes a car that moves in a hoistway, a guide rail that guides the car, and a guide device that is attached to the car and guided by the guide rail.
The guide device includes:
A support portion attached to the car and extending in a direction along the guide rail; a lever having one end rotatably connected to the support portion; a roller rotatably attached to the lever and in contact with the guide rail; A first link whose one end is connected to the other end of the lever, a damping means whose one end is rotatably attached to the support, a second end of the first link and the damping means. A second link connected to the other end side,
The elevator, wherein the second link has three rotation shafts, and is rotatably connected to the other end side of the first link, the other end side of the damping means, and the support portion, respectively. . In claim 1,
The elevator characterized in that the first link is connected to form an angle of 90 ° or more with respect to the lever. The elevator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second link has a bent shape, and a rotating shaft connected to the support portion is provided at the bent portion. The elevator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second link has a bent shape, and a rotating shaft connected to the first link is provided at the bent portion.
In an elevator that includes a car that moves in a hoistway, a guide rail that guides the car, and a guide device that is attached to the car and guided by the guide rail.
The guide device includes:
A first support portion attached to the car; a second support portion connected to the first support portion and extending in a direction along the guide rail; and a guide connected to the second support portion. A third support portion extending in a direction opposite to the rail, a lever having one end pivotably connected to the first support portion and extending in a direction along the guide rail, and rotatably attached to the lever. A roller in contact with the guide rail, a first link having one end connected to the other end of the lever and extending in a direction opposite to the guide rail, and one end being rotatably connected to the first support portion. Attenuating means, and a second link connected to the other end side of the first link and the other end side of the attenuating means,
The second link has a bent shape, one end side is rotatably connected to the attenuation means, the other end side is rotatably connected to the first link, and the bent portion is the third portion. An elevator characterized by being rotatably connected to a support portion. In claim 5,
The elevator, wherein the other end of the second link is pivotally connected to the third support portion, and the bent portion is pivotally connected to the first link. In claim 1 or 5,
The elevator characterized in that the guide device is provided on the upper left and right or the lower left and right of the car. In claim 1 or 5,
The elevator characterized in that the damping means is a damper having a cylinder and a piston. In claim 8,
The elevator is characterized in that the damper is disposed so as to face the guide rail. In claim 8,
The elevator is characterized in that the damper is disposed so as to be paired with the guide rails disposed on the left and right.

Images