JP2018526423A - 眼科疾患を処置するための化合物および製剤 - Google Patents
眼科疾患を処置するための化合物および製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- QNTNKSLOFHEFPK-UPTCCGCDSA-N ubiquinol-10 Chemical compound COC1=C(O)C(C)=C(C\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C)C(O)=C1OC QNTNKSLOFHEFPK-UPTCCGCDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004704 ultra performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCFYEAOKVJSACF-UHFFFAOYSA-N umifenovir Chemical compound CN1C2=CC(Br)=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C2C(C(=O)OCC)=C1CSC1=CC=CC=C1 KCFYEAOKVJSACF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004626 umifenovir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002703 undecylenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-N vancomycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C2C=C3C=C1OC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C=3C(O)=CC=C1C=3)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)Cl)O2)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC)[C@H]1C[C@](C)(N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N vancomycin Natural products O1C(C(=C2)Cl)=CC=C2C(O)C(C(NC(C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C=2C(O)=CC=C3C=2)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C3NC(=O)C2NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC)C(O)C(C=C3Cl)=CC=C3OC3=CC2=CC1=C3OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC1CC(C)(N)C(O)C(C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001600 xylazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BPICBUSOMSTKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N xylazine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1NC1=NCCCS1 BPICBUSOMSTKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000523 zalcitabine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ARAIBEBZBOPLMB-UFGQHTETSA-N zanamivir Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@@H](N=C(N)N)C=C(C(O)=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO ARAIBEBZBOPLMB-UFGQHTETSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001028 zanamivir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002555 zidovudine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HBOMLICNUCNMMY-XLPZGREQSA-N zidovudine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](N=[N+]=[N-])C1 HBOMLICNUCNMMY-XLPZGREQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940043810 zinc pyrithione Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;1-oxidopyridine-2-thione Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S.[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003414 zomepirac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zomepirac Chemical compound C1=C(CC(O)=O)N(C)C(C(=O)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1C ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/575—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of three or more carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, ergosterol, sitosterol
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
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- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
- A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
- A61P27/12—Ophthalmic agents for cataracts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J9/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本出願は、2015年9月8日に出願された米国仮特許出願番号第62/215,629に基づく優先権を主張しており、その全体の内容は、参考として本明細書中に援用される。
白内障は、40歳および40歳を超え75歳までの、2400万人を超える米国人が罹患しており、全米国人のうちの半数は、白内障を有する。白内障は、視野に影響を及ぼす、眼の中の水晶体の濁りである。白内障の従来の処置は、人工眼内レンズでの外科的置換である。しかし、白内障の外科的処置は、高額であり、人工レンズは、正常な水晶体と全体的に同じ光学的質を有しない。
ある特定の局面において、本開示は、約0.05重量%〜約5重量%の、式(IIIC):
によって表される化合物もしくはその塩、および1種もしくはこれより多くの薬学的に受容可能な賦形剤を含む薬学的製剤を提供する。ある特定の実施形態において、本開示の製剤は、約0.1重量%〜約4重量%、約0.5重量%〜約4重量%、または約2重量%〜約4重量%の式(IIIC)の化合物もしくは塩を含む。
の化合物、またはその塩を投与する工程を包含し、ここで
R1、R2、R3、R4、R6、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、およびR17は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;R1は、R2と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R8は、R9と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R13は、R14と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R9およびR10は、これらが結合される原子と一緒になって、必要に応じて置換された炭素環または必要に応じて置換された複素環をさらに形成し得;そしてここでR3は、炭素5と炭素6との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R16およびR17は、炭素8と炭素9との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R11は、炭素12と炭素13との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず;そして炭素4と炭素5との間に二重結合が存在する場合には、R2およびR3は存在せず、炭素5と炭素6との間に単結合が存在し;
R5、R7、R10、R18、R19およびR20は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、=N(R31)、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R31は、水素、−OR30、−SR30、−S(O)R30、−S(O)2R30、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R30は、水素、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C6アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;そして
nは、0または1から選択され、
ここで該近見視障害は、白内障ではない、方法を提供する。
本明細書中で言及される全ての刊行物、特許、および特許出願は、各個々の刊行物、特許、または特許出願が、参考として援用されることが具体的にかつ個々に示されるのと同程度まで、本明細書に参考として援用される。
定義
別段定義されなければ、本明細書で使用される全ての技術用語および科学用語は、本発明が属する分野の当業者によって一般に理解されているものと同じ意味を有する。本明細書で言及される全ての特許および刊行物は、参考として援用される。
α−クリスタリンは、眼の中で見出される主な構造タンパク質であり、水晶体の屈折率および透明性を維持し得る。α−クリスタリンは、2個の相同なサブユニット:αA−クリスタリン(cryAA)およびαB−クリスタリン(cryAB)から構成され、これらは、保存されたクリスタリンドメインを含む低分子ヒートショックタンパク質(sHSP)のファミリーに属する。αAは、173アミノ酸の長さであり、αBは、175アミノ酸の長さである。この2つのα−クリスタリン遺伝子、αAおよびαBは、57%配列同一性を共有するタンパク質をコードする。大部分の脊椎動物の水晶体におけるαA 対 αBの比は、3:1であり得るが、この比は、種および年齢に伴って変動し得る。αA−クリスタリンタンパク質は、大部分は水晶体中で、および僅かな他の組織で見出され得るに過ぎないのに対して、αB−クリスタリンタンパク質は、遍在して発現され得、他の組織(例えば、脳、心臓および筋)において見出され得る。
本開示は、眼の疾患の処置における使用のための化合物および塩、ならびにこれらの製剤を提供する。開示される化合物および塩は、例えば、視覚障害(例えば、近見視障害)の処置または防止のために使用され得る。ある特定の実施形態において、本開示の化合物は、眼の水晶体におけるα−クリスタリンタンパク質凝集を低減する。本開示の化合物および塩は、本明細書で記載される製剤、方法および併用療法において使用され得る。ある特定の実施形態において、本開示の化合物および塩は、白内障もしくは老視の処置もしくは防止において使用される。
の化合物、またはその塩であり、ここで
R1、R2、R3、R4、R6、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、およびR17は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;R1は、R2と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R8は、R9と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R13は、R14と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R9およびR10は、これらが結合される原子と一緒になって、必要に応じて置換された炭素環または必要に応じて置換された複素環をさらに形成し得;そしてここでR3は、炭素5と炭素6との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R16およびR17は、炭素8と炭素9との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R11は、炭素12と炭素13との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず;そして炭素4と炭素5との間に二重結合が存在する場合には、R2およびR3は存在せず、炭素5と炭素6との間に単結合が存在し;
R5、R7、R10、R18、R19およびR20は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、=N(R31)、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R31は、水素、−OR30、−SR30、−S(O)R30、−S(O)2R30、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R30は、水素、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C6アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;そして
nは、0または1から選択される。
またはこれらのうちのいずれか1種の塩によって表される。
またはその塩によって表され得る。
またはその塩によって表され得る。
またはその塩によって表され得る。
またはその塩によって表され得る。ある特定の実施形態において、式(III)の化合物もしくは塩は、ラノステロールもしくはその塩である。ある特定の実施形態において、式(III)の化合物もしくは塩は、ラノステロールではない。
ここで:
各R101は、Hであるか、または各R101は、Meであり;
R102は、HもしくはOHであり;
炭素5と炭素6との間の破線は、選択肢的な二重結合を示し;
R103は、HもしくはMeであり;
R104は、HもしくはMeであり;
nは、0もしくは1であり;
(a)R106は、
であり、各R105は、独立して、HもしくはMeであるか、または(b)R106および1個のR105は、一緒になって、必要に応じて置換された6員環を形成し、他方のR105は、Meであり;
炭素12と炭素13との間の破線は、選択肢的な二重結合であり、ただしR107は、炭素12と炭素13との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R107は、炭素12と炭素13との間に二重結合が存在しない場合には、HもしくはMeであり;
R108は、HもしくはOHであり;
両方のR109は一緒に、オキソ(=O)を形成するか、または両方のR109は水素であり;そして
R110は、CO2Hであるか、または直線状もしくは分枝状のC1−C6アルキルである、
化合物、またはこれらのプロドラッグもしくは薬学的に受容可能な塩を提供する。
ここで各R111は、独立して、アルキル、CO2H、もしくはCO2アルキルである
構造を有する。
ここでR112は、HもしくはOHであり、R113は、HもしくはOHである
構造を有する。
である。
である。ある特定の実施形態において、式(I)もしくは(II)の化合物は、コレステロールではない。ある特定の実施形態において、式(I)もしくは(II)の化合物は、リトコール酸ではない。
ある特定の実施形態において、式(I)、(IA)、(IB)、(II)、(III)、(IIIA)、(IIIB)、(IIIC)、(IIID)、(IVA)、(IVB)、(IVC)、(IVD)、(IVE)、(IVF)、(IVG)および(IVH)のうちのいずれか1つの任意の化合物もしくは塩(本明細書で「薬学的因子(pharmaceutical agent)」ともいわれる)の治療上有効な量を含む組成物が本明細書で提供される。ある特定の実施形態において、薬学的製剤は、本明細書で記載される方法のうちのいずれかにおいて使用され得る。
(ここでMwは、質量平均モル質量(もしくは分子量)であり、Mnは、数平均モル質量(もしくは分子量)である)。Pure Appl. Chem.,2009, 81(2), 351−353。粒度分布は、フォーマット:D(50)に記載され得、このフォーマットは、50質量%が大きい方の相当直径を有し、50質量%が小さい方の相当直径を有する平均相当直径を表し、「相当直径(equivalent diameter)」とは、粒子が球形である場合の粒子直径をいう。
本開示の組成物および方法は、その必要性のある個体を処置するために利用され得る。ある特定の実施形態において、その個体は、ヒトのような哺乳動物、または非ヒト哺乳動物である。ヒトのような動物に投与される場合、その組成物または薬学的因子は、好ましくは、例えば、式(I)、(IA)、(IB)、(II)、(III)、(IIIA)、(IIIB)、(IIIC)、(IIID)、(IVA)、(IVB)、(IVC)、(IVD)、(IVE)、(IVF)、(IVG)および(IVH)のうちのいずれか1つの化合物もしくは塩ならびに薬学的に受容可能なキャリアもしくは賦形剤を含む薬学的製剤として投与される。
本開示は、α−クリスタリンタンパク質凝集を低減もしくは防止することにおける使用のための化合物および製剤を提供する。α−クリスタリンの凝集は、種々の疾患において影響を与えてきた。その疾患の中で、本明細書で記載される化合物および製剤は、処置もしくは防止するために使用され得る。このような疾患としては、例えば、白内障、核硬化症、老視、神経学的疾患、アレキサンダー病、クロイツフェルト・ヤコブ病、アルツハイマー病、およびパーキンソン病が挙げられる。
本明細書で提供される化合物もしくはその薬学的に受容可能な塩は、1種もしくはこれより多くの治療剤と組み合わせて投与され得る。
本発明の方法において使用され得る例証的製剤は、以下の表2に示される:
本発明の化合物の効力を試験するために、生体分析法を使用して、薬物動態研究を可能にした。その生体分析法は、血漿中では約15nMの化合物、および眼組織中では、約20nMの化合物のスケールの感度であった。ニュージーランドホワイトウサギに、各局所アームに関して3日間にわたって6用量、ならびに硝子体内注射および前眼房内注射につき1回の注射を、注射後2時間および24時間の時点とともに与えた。
本発明の化合物(C29)の曝露を、ゆっくりとした拡散を示し得るウサギの水晶体において測定した。なぜならその水晶体は、タンパク質が豊富であり、眼の前方にある密な組織領域だからである。毛様体突起レベルを、水晶体中の化合物の曝露の尺度として使用した。以下の表3および図4は、この実験の結果を示す。
本発明の化合物(C29)の曝露を、ウサギの角膜において測定した。角膜に到達するには、上記化合物は、角膜、もしくは強膜を通過して、眼の内部構造にアクセスしなければならない。以下の表4および図5は、この実験の結果を示す。
本発明の化合物(C29)の曝露を、迅速な拡散を示し得るウサギの網膜において測定した。なぜなら網膜は、脂質が豊富であり、眼の後ろにある軟組織領域だからである。以下の表5および図6は、この実験の結果を示す。
本発明の化合物(C29)の曝露を、迅速な拡散を示し得るウサギの毛様体において測定した。なぜなら毛様体は、脂質が豊富であり、眼の前方にある軟組織だからである。以下の表6および図7は、この実験の結果を示す。
薬物動態実験を、完全なヒト眼球(付属器なしの眼)に対して行って、眼の種々の領域における上記化合物(C29)の曝露を決定した。各眼球を、集めた後24時間未満で得て、次いで、PBS中の8% シクロデキストリン中の1mM APIの溶液またはPBSのみのいずれかの中に、6日間室温において浸漬した。結果を、以下の表7および図8に示す。
ニュージーランドホワイトアルビノウサギを使用して、本発明の化合物の種々の製剤および投与経路を試験した。そのウサギに、各局所アームに関して3日間にわたって6用量、ならびに硝子体内注射および前眼房内注射につき1回の注射を、注射後2時間および24時間の時点とともに与えた。
動物
Western Oregon Rabbit Companyから得たニュージーランドホワイトウサギを、この研究に使用した。12羽の動物をこの研究に使用した。全ての動物は雄性であった。処置を開始する前に、この研究のための動物の選択は、良好な臨床状態の視覚的評価および体重仕様書に基づいた。この研究における使用に選択した動物は、年齢および体重を可能な限り均一にした。動物の体重は、実験開始時に約2.58〜約3.22キログラムの範囲に及んだ。全ての動物は、動物の選択時には健康であった。全ての動物を、イヤータグによって、ならびに動物識別番号、研究番号、群、および動物の性別を列挙するケージカードによって同定した。
式IIICの化合物を、2種の異なる濃度、3重量%/体積および0.5重量%/体積で試験した。両方の濃度に関して、上記化合物を水性懸濁物として製剤化した。製剤の詳細は、以下のとおりである:製剤1:緩衝化剤としての0.6% トロメタミン、APIの分散を補助するための0.1% ポリソルベート−80中の式IIICの化合物の3%の約500nmナノ粒子(pHはホウ酸で7.4に調節し、容量オスモル濃度は、マンニトールで293mOsmに調節)。製剤2:緩衝化剤としての0.6% トロメタミン、APIの分散を補助するための0.1% ポリソルベート−80中の式IIICの化合物0.5%の約500nmナノ粒子(pHはホウ酸で7.4に調節し、容量オスモル濃度は、マンニトールで293mOsmに調節)。
動物を、各群が6羽の動物を含むように、体重に基づいて2つの実験群のうちの1つに割り当てた。群1の動物には、製剤1を25μL、硝子体内注射によって投与した一方で、群2の動物には、製剤2を25μL投与した。各内で、動物をさらに3つの時点、2時間、1日および7日へとさらに分けた。各時点は、2羽の動物からなった。製剤1および製剤2の投与は、時間0で起こった。
動物を、ペントバルビタール(150mg/kg)の静脈内注射によって指定された時点で安楽死させた。安楽死手順は、2013年 米国獣医師会(AVMA)の安楽死に関するガイドラインに従って行った。安楽死の直後に、各動物の両眼を摘出し、解剖し、眼の組織を集めた。各動物における各眼のサンプルを、別個のままにし、プールしなかった。サンプルを液体窒素中で急速凍結し、LC−MS/MS分析まで−60〜−80℃で貯蔵した。各集めたサンプル中の化合物IIICの濃度を、LC−MS/MSによって測定した。標準を、ブランクの均質化したニュージーランドホワイトウサギ眼組織、硝子体液、もしくは結晶中で調製した。作業溶液を、50:50 アセトニトリル:水において調製した。次いで、作業溶液を適切なマトリクスに添加して、較正標準を作製した。標準を、研究サンプルと同一に処理した。組織および硝子体液サンプルを、アセトニトリルでの沈殿を介して手動で抽出した。
機器: Waters Acquity UPLC;カラム: Waters BEHフェニル、30×2.1mm 内径、1.7μm;水性リザーバ(A):水中0.1% ギ酸;有機リザーバ アセトニトリル中0.1% ギ酸;勾配プログラム:
機器: Waters Xevo TQ−S;インターフェイス:エレクトロスプレー;モード:多重反応モニタリング;ネブライザーガス:7バール;脱溶媒和ガス:1000L/時間;コーンガス:150L/時間;衝突ガス:0.15mL/分;脱溶媒和温度:450℃;キャピラリー電圧:3kV。
試験製剤(3重量%または0.5重量%)を、12羽のニュージーランドホワイトウサギの眼に両側のIVT注射を介して成功裡に投与した。投与事象の間に示される合併症はなかった。7日目まで生存した全ての動物は、研究の過程にわたって体重が増加した。全ての動物は、研究の間に正常な行動および健康状態を示した。研究の間に、動物のうちのいずれにも刺激、膨張、もしくは分泌物の肉眼での所見は示されなかった。
老視を有する5名の患者の群を、LogMAR検査において近見視力の障害に基づいて同定する。上記患者を、式IIICの化合物の組成物で1週間に1回処置する。1ヶ月ごとに、各患者の近見視力を、LogMAR検査で測定する。その患者の処置後の近見視力を、彼らの処置前の視力と比較する。
40歳齢を超えかつ老視の臨床徴候のない5名の患者の群を、LogMAR検査における成績に基づいて同定する。上記患者を、式IIICの化合物の組成物を含む毎日の点眼剤で処置する。6ヶ月ごとに、患者の近見視力を、LogMAR検査で測定する。その患者の近見視力を、彼らの処置前の視力と比較する。
ある特定の局面において、本開示は、以下の実施形態のうちの1つもしくはこれより多くを提供する:
実施形態1.被験体の近見視障害を処置または予防するための方法であって、該方法は、必要性のある被験体に、式(III):
の化合物、またはその塩を投与する工程を包含し、ここで
R1、R2、R3、R4、R6、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、およびR17は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;R1は、R2と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R8は、R9と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R13は、R14と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R9およびR10は、これらが結合される原子と一緒になって、必要に応じて置換された炭素環または必要に応じて置換された複素環をさらに形成し得;そしてここでR3は、炭素5と炭素6との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R16およびR17は、炭素8と炭素9との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R11は、炭素12と炭素13との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず;そして炭素4と炭素5との間に二重結合が存在する場合には、R2およびR3は存在せず、炭素5と炭素6との間に単結合が存在し;
R5、R7、R10、R18、R19およびR20は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、=N(R31)、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R31は、水素、−OR30、−SR30、−S(O)R30、−S(O)2R30、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R30は、水素、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C6アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;そして
nは、0または1から選択され、
ここで該近見視障害は、白内障ではない、方法。
実施形態2. nは、0である、実施形態1に記載の方法。
実施形態3. nは、1である、実施形態1に記載の方法。
実施形態4. R1、R2、R3、R4、R6、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、およびR17は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN,および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから独立して選択される、実施形態1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態5. R1、R2、R3、R4、R6、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、およびR17は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−NO2、−CN,および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから独立して選択される、実施形態4に記載の方法。
実施形態6. R5、R7、R10、R18、R19およびR20は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、=N(R31)、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニルから独立して選択される、実施形態1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態7. R1およびR2は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから独立して選択されるか、またはR1は、R2と一緒になって、=O、=Sおよび=N(R31)から選択される、実施形態1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態8. R3は、水素、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜7のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態9. R3は存在せず、炭素5と炭素6との間に二重結合が存在する、実施形態1〜7のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態10. R2およびR3は存在せず、炭素4と炭素5との間に二重結合が存在する、実施形態1〜7のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態11. R20は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、=N(R31)、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜11のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態12. R20は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、および=N(R31)から選択される、実施形態11に記載の方法。
実施形態13. R20は、−OR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、=O、および=Sから選択される、実施形態12に記載の方法。
実施形態14. R4は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜13のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態15. R4は、水素および−OR30から選択される、実施形態14に記載の方法。
実施形態16. R5は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜15のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態17. R5は、水素、ハロゲンおよびC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態16に記載の方法。
実施形態18. R6は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜17のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態19. R6は、水素、ハロゲンおよびC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態18に記載の方法。
実施形態20. R7は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、=O,および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜19のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態21. R7は、水素、ハロゲンおよびC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態20に記載の方法。
実施形態22. R8およびR9は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから独立して選択される、実施形態1〜21のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態23. R8およびR9は、水素、ハロゲン、およびC1−C10アルキルから独立して選択される、実施形態22に記載の方法。
実施形態24. R9およびR10は、これらが結合される原子と一緒になって、必要に応じて置換された炭素環もしくは必要に応じて置換された複素環を形成する、実施形態1〜21のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態25. R9およびR10は、これらが結合される原子と一緒になって、必要に応じて置換された炭素環を形成する、実施形態24に記載の方法。
実施形態26. R10は、−OR30、=O、=S、=N(R31)、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、および必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルキニルから選択される、実施形態1〜23のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態27. R10は、−OR30もしくは=Oである、実施形態26に記載の方法。
実施形態28. R10は、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルもしくは必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニルである、実施形態26に記載の方法。
実施形態29. R10は、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、および=N(R31)から独立して選択される1個もしくはこれより多くの置換基で置換される、実施形態28に記載の方法。
実施形態30. R10は、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、および=N(R31)から独立して選択される1個もしくはこれより多くの置換基で置換される、実施形態29に記載の方法。
実施形態31. R10は、ハロゲンおよび−OR30から選択される1個もしくはこれより多くの置換基で置換されるC1−C10アルキルである、実施形態29に記載の方法。
実施形態32. R10は、ハロゲンおよび−OR30から選択される1個もしくはこれより多くの置換基で必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニルである、実施形態29に記載の方法。
実施形態33. R11は、水素、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜32のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態34. R11は、水素もしくはC1−C10アルキルである、実施形態33に記載の方法。
実施形態35. R11は、存在せず、炭素12と炭素13との間に二重結合が存在する、実施形態1〜32のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態36. R12は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜35のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態37. R12は、水素および−OR30から選択される、実施形態36に記載の方法。
実施形態38. R13およびR14は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから独立して選択されるか、またはR13はR14と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)から選択される、実施形態1〜37のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態39. R13およびR14は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから独立して選択される、実施形態38に記載の方法。
実施形態40. R13はR14と一緒になって、=Oである、実施形態38に記載の方法。
実施形態41. R15は、水素および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから選択される、実施形態1〜40のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態42. R15は、メチルである、実施形態41に記載の方法。
実施形態43. R16およびR17は、各々水素である、実施形態1〜42のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態44. R16およびR17は、存在せず、炭素8と炭素9との間に二重結合が存在する、実施形態1〜42のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態45. R18およびR19は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、=O、および必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキルから独立して選択される、実施形態1〜44のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態46. R18およびR19は、各々水素である、実施形態45に記載の方法。
実施形態47. 式(III)の化合物は、式(IIIA):
もしくはその塩によって表される、実施形態1〜46のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態48. 式(IIIA)の化合物は、式(IIIB):
もしくはその塩によって表される、実施形態47に記載の方法。
実施形態49. 式(IIIA)の化合物は、式(IIIC):
もしくはその塩によって表される、実施形態48に記載の方法。
実施形態50. 式(III)の化合物は、式(IIID):
もしくはその塩によって表される、実施形態1〜46のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態51. 上記近見視障害は、上記被験体が25歳齢もしくはこれより高齢であるときに初めて起こる、実施形態1〜50のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態52. 上記近見視障害は、上記被験体が35歳齢もしくはこれより高齢である場合に初めて起こる、実施形態51に記載の方法。
実施形態53. 上記近見視障害は、常用距離での視力、矯正近見視力、屈折障害、光学パワー、イエーガー検査、LogMARスケール、ETDRSスケール、および水晶体の調節幅のうちの1種もしくはこれより多くによって診断される、実施形態1〜52のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態54. 上記近見視障害は、以下の視力検査:
a.被験体の片眼を覆い、上記被験体の眼からおよそ16インチのところに実施例1の視力検査表を置く、
b.被験体が1個以下の文字を見落として読むことができる最初の文字サイズを決定する、および
c.上記文字サイズと処置前視力値とを相関させる、
によって決定される場合に、0.8もしくはこれより小さい処置前の近見視力値を含む、実施形態53に記載の方法。
実施形態55. 上記近見視障害は、0.6もしくはこれより小さい近見視力を含む、実施形態54に記載の方法。
実施形態56. 上記近見視障害は、0.4もしくはこれより小さい近見視力を含む、実施形態55に記載の方法。
実施形態57. 上記近見視障害は、イエーガー検査のイエーガースケールでJ2もしくはこれより高いスコアを含む、実施形態53に記載の方法。
実施形態58. 上記近見視障害は、イエーガー検査のイエーガースケールでJ3もしくはこれより高いスコアを含む、実施形態57に記載の方法。
実施形態59. 上記近見視障害は、イエーガー検査のイエーガースケールでJ4もしくはこれより高いスコアを含む、実施形態58に記載の方法。
実施形態60. 上記近見視障害は、イエーガースケールでJ5もしくはこれより高いスコアを含む、実施形態59に記載の方法。
実施形態61. 上記近見視障害は、イエーガースケールでJ6もしくはこれより高いスコアを含む、実施形態60に記載の方法。
実施形態62. 上記近見視障害は、イエーガースケールでJ8もしくはこれより高いスコアによって決定される、実施形態61に記載の方法。
実施形態63. 上記屈折障害は、検影器、自動屈折計、シャックハルトマン波面センサもしくはピンホール遮眼子のうちの1種もしくはこれより多くによって評価される、実施形態53に記載の方法。
実施形態64. 上記被験体の近見視障害を処置または防止することは、視力、光学パワー、水晶体の調節幅、イエーガースケールスコア、LogMARスケールスコア、ETDRSスケール、読む速度、および屈折障害のうちの1種もしくはこれより多くにおける改善を含む、実施形態1〜63のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態65. 上記被験体の近見視障害を処置または防止することは、処置前の近見視力値と比較して、近見視力における改善を含む、実施形態64に記載の方法。
実施形態66. 上記近見視力における改善は、LogMARスケールで少なくとも0.1に等しい、実施形態65に記載の方法。
実施形態67. 上記近見視力における改善は、上記処置前の視力値と比較して、0.2もしくはこれより大きい、実施形態66に記載の方法。
実施形態68. 近見視障害の上記処置は、約+.5Dもしくはこれより高いパワーを有する眼鏡もしくはコンタクトレンズでの処置におよそ等しい、実施形態1〜67のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態69. 近見視障害の上記処置は、約+1Dもしくはこれより高いパワーを有する眼鏡もしくはコンタクトレンズでの処置におよそ等しい、実施形態68に記載の方法。
実施形態70. 近見視障害の上記処置は、約+2Dもしくはこれより高いパワーを有する眼鏡もしくはコンタクトレンズでの処置におよそ等しい、実施形態69に記載の方法。
実施形態71. 上記投与の前に、上記被験体は、以下の症状:近傍の物体に焦点を合わせる能力の低下、眼精疲労、細かい印刷が読みにくい、照明されたスクリーンを読むかもしくは見ているときに疲労する、直ぐ近傍がはっきりと見にくい、印刷物を読むときにコントラストが小さい、読むためにより明るくかつより直接的な光が必要である、および近見視力を使う場合の頭痛のうちの1もしくはこれより多くを示す、実施形態1〜70のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態72. 上記近見視障害は、老視である、実施形態1〜71のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態73. 被験体の水晶体の光学パワーを増大させるための方法であって、該方法は、式(III):
の化合物もしくはその塩を必要性のある被験体に投与する工程を包含し、ここで:
R1、R2、R3、R4、R6、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、およびR17は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;R1はR2と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R8はR9と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R13はR14と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R9およびR10は、これらが結合される原子と一緒になって、必要に応じて置換された炭素環もしくは必要に応じて置換された複素環をさらに形成し得;そしてここでR3は、炭素5と炭素6との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R16およびR17は、炭素8と炭素9との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R11は、炭素12と炭素13との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず;そして炭素4と炭素5との間に二重結合が存在する場合には、R2およびR3は存在せず、かつ炭素5と炭素6との間に単結合が存在し;
R5、R7、R10、R18、R19およびR20は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、=N(R31)、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R31は、水素、−OR30、−SR30、−S(O)R30、−S(O)2R30、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R30は、水素、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C6アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;そして
nは、0もしくは1から選択され、
ここで上記水晶体は、白内障を有しない、方法。
実施形態74. 上記水晶体は、20ジオプター未満の処置前の光学パワーを有する、実施形態73に記載の方法。
実施形態75. 上記水晶体は、15ジオプター未満の処置前の光学パワーを有する、実施形態74に記載の方法。
実施形態76. 上記水晶体の光学パワーを増大させることは、処置前の光学パワーと比較して、光学パワーを少なくとも0.1ジオプター改善することを包含する、実施形態73〜75のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態77. 上記水晶体の光学パワーを増大させることは、処置前の光学パワーと比較して、光学パワーを少なくとも1ジオプター改善することを包含する、実施形態76に記載の方法。
実施形態78. 上記水晶体の光学パワーを増大させることは、処置前の光学パワーと比較して、光学パワーを少なくとも5ジオプター改善することを包含する、実施形態77に記載の方法。
実施形態79. 上記近見視障害は、遠視ではない、実施形態1〜72のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態80. 上記投与する工程は、4週間もしくはこれより長く投与する工程を包含する、実施形態1〜79のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態81. 上記投与する工程は、局所投与、結膜下投与、球後投与、眼周囲投与、網膜下投与、脈絡膜投与、もしくは眼内投与を含む、実施形態1〜80のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態82. 上記方法は、さらなる治療剤を投与する工程をさらに包含する、実施形態1〜81のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施形態83. 上記さらなる治療剤は、リポ酸である、実施形態82に記載の方法。
Claims (43)
- 約0.05重量%〜約5重量%の式(IIIC):
によって表される化合物もしくはその塩、および1種もしくはこれより多くの薬学的に受容可能な賦形剤を含む、薬学的製剤。 - 前記製剤は、約0.1重量%〜約4重量%の式(IIIC)の化合物もしくは塩を含む、請求項1に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約0.5重量%〜約4重量%の式(IIIC)の化合物もしくは塩を含む、請求項2に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約2重量%〜約4重量%の式(IIIC)の化合物もしくは塩を含む、請求項1に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 式(IIIC)の前記化合物もしくは塩は、粒子の形態にあり、ここで該粒子は、約1nm〜約1μmから選択される平均最大直径を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 式(IIIC)の化合物もしくは塩の前記粒子は、約1nm〜約200nmから選択される平均直径を有する、請求項5に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 式(IIIC)の化合物もしくは塩の前記粒子は、約400nm〜約600nmから選択される平均直径を有する、請求項5に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 式(IIIC)の化合物もしくは塩の前記粒子は、約450〜約550nmから選択される平均直径を有する、請求項7に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記粒子のうちの80%より多くは、約450nm〜約550nmから選択される平均最大直径を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、少なくとも約90重量%の水を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、該製剤の粘度を増大させる薬剤を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤の粘度を増大させる薬剤は、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC)、ソルビトール、ゲランガム(高アシルもしくは低アシル)、キサンタンガム、デキストラン、グアールガム、ローカストビーンガム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、アガー、ゼラチン、キトサン、ペクチン、アルギネート、キシログルカン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、カラギーナンおよびこれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項11に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤の粘度を増大させる薬剤は、ゲランガムである、請求項12に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約0.005Pa.s〜約0.030Pa.s.の粘度を有する、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、該製剤のpHを調節するための薬剤を含む、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤のpHを調節するための薬剤は、塩酸、ホウ酸、水酸化ナトリウムおよび水酸化カリウムから選択される、請求項15に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤のpHを調節するための薬剤は、ホウ酸である、請求項16に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約5〜約9から選択されるpHを有する、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約7〜約8から選択されるpHを有する、請求項18に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約7.4のpHを有する、請求項19に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、該製剤の容量オスモル濃度を調節するための薬剤を含む、請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤の容量オスモル濃度を調節するための薬剤は、マンニトールである、請求項21に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、緩衝化剤を含む、請求項1〜22のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記緩衝化剤は、トロメタミン、リン酸カリウム、リン酸ナトリウム、クエン酸ナトリウム塩類緩衝液(SSC)、アセテート、塩類溶液、生理食塩水、リン酸緩衝化生理食塩水(PBS)、4−2−ヒドロキシエチル−1−ピペラジンエタンスルホン酸緩衝液(HEPES)、3−(N−モルホリノ)プロパンスルホン酸緩衝液(MOPS)、およびピペラジン−N,N’−ビス(2−エタンスルホン酸)緩衝液(PIPES)、酢酸ナトリウム−ホウ酸ストック溶液、塩化ナトリウムを含むホウ酸−炭酸ナトリウム溶液、ホウ酸-ホウ酸ナトリウム緩衝液、リン酸ナトリウムおよびリン酸カリウム緩衝液、塩化カリウムを含むホウ酸−炭酸ナトリウム、またはこれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項23に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約0.1重量%〜約4重量%の緩衝化剤を含む、請求項23または24に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、分散剤を含む、請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約0.01重量%〜約1重量%の分散剤を含む、請求項26に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、保存剤を含む、請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記保存剤は、塩化ベンザルコニウム、エチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)、クロルブタノール、酢酸フェニル水銀、硝酸フェニル水銀、酢酸クロルヘキシジン、チメロサール、および塩化ベンゼトニウムから選択される、請求項28に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、約0.001重量%〜約0.1重量%の保存剤を含む、請求項28または29に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 前記製剤は、保存剤を含まない、請求項1〜30のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤。
- 請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的製剤を、必要性のある被験体の目に投与する工程を包含する、眼の疾患を処置するための方法。
- 前記薬学的製剤は、硝子体内注射または前眼房内注射によって、局所的に投与される、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記薬学的製剤は、硝子体内注射または前眼房内注射によって投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記薬学的製剤は、1もしくはこれより多くの用量で投与され、ここで各用量は、約60μL〜約120μLから選択される、請求項33または34に記載の方法。
- 前記薬学的製剤は、1もしくはこれより多くの用量で投与され、ここで各用量は、約80μL〜約110μLである、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記薬学的製剤の用量は、1ヶ月に1回、6週間に1回、2ヶ月に1回、6ヶ月に1回、または1年に1回、投与される、請求項35または36に記載の方法。
- 前記薬学的製剤の用量は、1ヶ月に1回、連続3ヶ月間にわたって投与され、続いて、1ヶ月間、2ヶ月間、3ヶ月間、4ヶ月間、5ヶ月間、6ヶ月間、9ヶ月間または1年間の休薬日がある、請求項35または36に記載の方法。
- 前記薬学的製剤の用量は、1ヶ月に1回、連続2ヶ月間にわたって投与され、続いて、1ヶ月間、2ヶ月間、3ヶ月間、4ヶ月間、5ヶ月間、6ヶ月間、9ヶ月間または1年間の休薬日がある、請求項35または36に記載の方法。
- 前記薬学的製剤は、局所投与される、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記眼の疾患は、白内障である、請求項32〜40のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記眼の疾患は、老視である、請求項32〜40にいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 被験体の近見視障害を処置または予防するための方法であって、該方法は、必要性のある被験体に、式(III):
の化合物、またはその塩を投与する工程を包含し、ここで
R1、R2、R3、R4、R6、R8、R9、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、およびR17は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;R1は、R2と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R8は、R9と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R13は、R14と一緒になって、=O、=S、および=N(R31)からさらに選択され;R9およびR10は、これらが結合される原子と一緒になって、必要に応じて置換された炭素環または必要に応じて置換された複素環をさらに形成し得;そしてここでR3は、炭素5と炭素6との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R16およびR17は、炭素8と炭素9との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず、R11は、炭素12と炭素13との間に二重結合が存在する場合には存在せず;そして炭素4と炭素5との間に二重結合が存在する場合には、R2およびR3は存在せず、炭素5と炭素6との間に単結合が存在し;
R5、R7、R10、R18、R19およびR20は、水素、ハロゲン、−OR30、−SR30、−OSO3R30、−OPO3R30、−N(R31)2、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、−OC(O)R30、−NO2、−CN、=O、=S、=N(R31)、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R31は、水素、−OR30、−SR30、−S(O)R30、−S(O)2R30、−C(O)R30、−C(O)OR30、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C10アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C10アルケニル、C2−C10アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;
各R30は、水素、必要に応じて置換されたC1−C6アルキル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルケニル、必要に応じて置換されたC2−C6アルキニル、必要に応じて置換された炭素環および必要に応じて置換された複素環から独立して選択され;そして
nは、0または1から選択され、
ここで該近見視障害は、白内障ではない、方法。
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