JP2018513784A - 排ガス処理システム - Google Patents
排ガス処理システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018513784A JP2018513784A JP2017550525A JP2017550525A JP2018513784A JP 2018513784 A JP2018513784 A JP 2018513784A JP 2017550525 A JP2017550525 A JP 2017550525A JP 2017550525 A JP2017550525 A JP 2017550525A JP 2018513784 A JP2018513784 A JP 2018513784A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- exhaust gas
- platinum
- molecular sieve
- twc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 308
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 232
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 NO x Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017119 AlPO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 124
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 64
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZWWCURLKEXEFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen pentaoxide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[N+]([O-])=O ZWWCURLKEXEFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFPZPJSADLPSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen tetraoxide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)[N+]([O-])=O WFPZPJSADLPSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960001730 nitrous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000075898 Lantana strigocamara Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dicalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical class [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Eu+3].[Eu+3] AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013842 nitrous oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052611 pyroxene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
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Abstract
Description
ガソリンエンジンにより駆動する乗り物からの排ガスは一般的に、化学量論的な空気/燃料条件で、またはほぼ化学量論的な空気/燃料条件で稼動されるエンジンの排気中の汚染物質であるNOx、一酸化炭素、(CO)および炭化水素(HC)を削減するのに効率的な、1つまたは複数の三元転化(TWC)自動車用触媒により処理される。化学量論的な条件をもたらす、燃料に対する空気の正確な割合は、燃料中の炭素と水素との相対的割合に伴って変化する。14.65:1の空燃比(A/F)(空気の質量:燃料の質量)は、平均式CHl.88を有する炭化水素燃料、例えばガソリンの燃焼に相応する化学量論比である。したがって、記号λは、特定のA/F比を所定の燃料についての化学量論的なA/F比で割った結果を表すために使用され、λ=1は化学量論的混合物であり、λ>1は燃料がリーンな混合物であり、λ<1は燃料がリッチな混合物である。
本発明の第1の態様は、ガソリンエンジン排ガス流を処理するための排ガス処理システムに関する。第1の実施形態において、NOx、微粒子状物質および硫黄を含有するガソリンエンジン排ガス流を処理するための排ガスシステムは、三元転化(TWC)触媒、リーンNOxトラップ(LNT)および一体化されたLNT−TWCから選択される少なくとも1つの触媒物品;少なくとも1つの触媒物品の下流にある白金含有触媒物品;および白金含有触媒物品のすぐ下流にある選択触媒還元(SCR)触媒物品を有し、SCR触媒物品は分子ふるいを含む。
幾つかの例示的な本発明の実施形態を説明する前に、本発明は、以下の説明で記載される構成または方法工程の詳細に限定されないものと理解されたい。本発明は、別の実施形態であってよく、様々な手法で実践または実施することができる。
1つまたは複数の実施形態では、排ガス処理システムは、三元転化(TWC)触媒、リーンNOxトラップ(LNT)および一体化されたLNT−TWCから選択される1つまたは複数の触媒物品220(図2中)を含む。
図2を参照すると、1つまたは複数の実施形態では、排ガスシステムは、白金含有触媒物品230を、1つまたは複数の触媒物品220の下流に、かつ1つまたは複数の選択触媒還元物品240のすぐ上流に有する。理論に結びつけるつもりはないが、白金含有触媒物品を、1つまたは複数のTWC触媒、LNT、または一体化されたLNT−TWCの下流に、かつ1つまたは複数のSCR触媒物品のすぐ上流に置くことによって、NO2の量が制限され、ガソリン中の硫黄に対してより安定なシステムが提供されるであろうと考えられている。白金含有触媒物品によって、1つまたは複数のSCR触媒物品のNOx削減能力の低下が防止され、したがって、SCR触媒物品が効率的にNOx排出を減らすことができると考えられている。
1つまたは複数の実施形態では、排ガスシステムは、1つまたは複数の選択触媒還元(SCR)触媒物品240(図2中)を、白金含有触媒物品230のすぐ下流に有しており、1つまたは複数のSCR触媒物品240は分子ふるいを含む。
本発明の別の態様は、エンジンの排ガス流の処理法に向けられている。1つまたは複数の実施形態では、微粒子状物質、アンモニア、NOxおよび硫黄を含有するガソリンエンジンのエンジン排ガス流の処理法は、エンジン排ガス流を、三元転化(TWC)触媒、リーンNOxトラップ(LNT)および一体化されたLNT−TWCから選択される1つまたはそれより多くの触媒物品上に流すこと;微粒子状物質、NOx、硫黄およびアンモニアを含有する排ガス流を白金含有触媒物品に通すこと;および白金含有触媒物品を通過した排ガスを、分子ふるいおよび促進剤金属を含む、1つまたはそれより多くの選択触媒還元物品に通すことを含む。
実施例1−白金含有CSFの製造
白金を有する触媒化された煤煙フィルターを、吸入口コートおよび排出口コートを使用して製造した。白金含有触媒作用材料は、白金およびパラジウムを10:1の比および25g/ft3の合計白金族金属担持量で含有していた。
2つのSCR触媒を獲得した。第一SCR触媒は、市販で入手可能な、フロースルー基材上の新品のCuCHAのSCR触媒であった。第二SCR触媒は第一SCR触媒と同じであったが、ただしこの触媒は、基材の質量を含めて約1質量%のSO3の硫黄負荷によって硫酸塩化させた。
フロースルー基材上のPd単独三元触媒を、フロースルー基材上のPd−RhTWC触媒の上流に置き、これらのTWC触媒を実施例2の触媒の上流に置いた。新品のCuCHAのSCR触媒を実施例1の触媒の下流に置いた。これは、Federal Test Protocol 72に従って、ガソリンエンジンシミュレーター上で試験されたシステムであった。
フロースルー基材上のPd単独三元触媒を、フロースルー基材上のPd−Rh系TWC触媒の上流に置き、これらのTWC触媒を実施例2の触媒の上流に置いた。硫酸塩化させたCuCHAのSCR触媒を実施例1の触媒の下流に置いた。これは、Federal Test Protocol 72に従って、ガソリンエンジンシミュレーター上で試験されたシステムであった。
実施例3を繰り返したが、ただし、実施例2の触媒を、剥き出しの触媒化されていないフィルターと取り替えた。これは、Federal Test Protocol 72に従って、ガソリンエンジンシミュレーター上で試験されたシステムであった。
実施例4を繰り返したが、ただし、実施例2の触媒を、剥き出しの触媒化されていないフィルターと取り替えた。これは、Federal Test Protocol 72に従って、ガソリンエンジンシミュレーター上で試験されたシステムであった。
Claims (31)
- NOx、微粒子状物質および硫黄を含有するガソリンエンジン排ガス流を処理するための排ガスシステムであって、
三元転化(TWC)触媒、リーンNOxトラップ(LNT)および一体化されたLNT−TWCから選択される少なくとも1つの触媒物品;
少なくとも1つの触媒物品の下流にある白金含有触媒物品;および
前記白金含有触媒物品のすぐ下流にある選択触媒還元(SCR)触媒物品を有し、前記SCR触媒物品が分子ふるいを含む、
前記排ガスシステム。 - 少なくとも1つの触媒物品がTWC触媒から成る、請求項1記載の排ガスシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの触媒物品がLNTから成る、請求項1記載の排ガスシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの触媒物品がTWC触媒およびLNTを含む、請求項1記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記LNTおよび前記TWC触媒が単一の基材上で一体化されている、請求項4記載の排ガスシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの触媒物品および前記白金含有触媒物品が単一の基材上にある、請求項1記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記白金含有触媒が微粒子フィルター上にある、請求項1記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記微粒子フィルターがウォールフローフィルターである、請求項7記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記白金含有触媒がフロースルー基材上にある、請求項1記載の排ガスシステム。
- NOx、微粒子状物質および硫黄を含有するガソリンエンジン排ガス流を処理するための排ガスシステムであって、
三元転化(TWC)触媒;
前記TWC触媒の下流にある、触媒化された白金含有煤煙フィルター;
触媒化された煤煙フィルターのすぐ下流にある第一選択触媒還元(SCR)触媒;および
第一SCR触媒物品のすぐ下流にある第二選択触媒還元(SCR)触媒を有し、
ここで第一および第二SCR触媒物品がそれぞれ独立して分子ふるいを含む、前記排ガスシステム。 - 前記白金含有触媒物品がさらに、Pd、Rh、Ru、IrおよびOsから選択されるさらなる白金族金属(PGM)を含み、前記白金が、全PGMの少なくとも50質量%の量で、前記白金含有触媒物品中に存在する、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記さらなる白金族金属がパラジウムである、請求項11記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記SCR触媒物品の下流にアンモニア酸化(AMOx)触媒をさらに含む、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記SCR触媒物品が、吸入口および排出口を有する基材上にあり、前記AMOx触媒が排出口にある、請求項13記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記ガソリンエンジンがリーンガソリン直噴(GDI)エンジンである、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記ガソリンエンジンの排ガス流がリッチである場合、1つまたは複数の前記触媒物品がNH3を発生させる、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記分子ふるいが、二重六員環(d6r)単位を有する分子ふるいである、請求項1記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記分子ふるいが、AEI、AFT、AFX、CHA、EAB、EMT、ERI、FAU、GME、JSR、KFI、LEV、LTL、LTN、MOZ、MSO、MWW、OFF、SAS、SAT、SAV、SBS、SBT、SFW、SSF、SZR、TSC、WENおよびこれらの組み合わせの骨格構造型から成る群より選択される、請求項17記載の排ガスシステム。
- 前記分子ふるいが、AEI、AFT、AFX、CHA、EAB、ERI、KFI、LEV、SAS、SATおよびSAVの骨格構造型から成る群より選択される、請求項18記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記分子ふるいが、AEI、CHAおよびAFXの骨格構造型から成る群より選択される、請求項19記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記分子ふるいがCHA骨格構造型である、請求項20記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記CHA骨格構造型分子ふるいが、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト、ホウケイ酸塩、ガロケイ酸塩、SAPO、AlPO、MeAPSOおよびMeAPOから選択される、請求項21記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記CHA骨格構造型分子ふるいが、SSZ−13、SSZ−62、チャバサイト、ゼオライトK〜G、リンデD、リンデR、LZ−218、LZ−235、LZ−236、ZK−14、SAPO−34、SAPO−44、SAPO−47およびZYT−6から成る群より選択される、請求項22記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記分子ふるいがSSZ−13およびSSZ−62から選択される、請求項23記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記分子ふるいが、Cu、Fe、Co、Ni、La、Ce、Mn、V、Agおよびこれらの組み合わせから選択される金属によって促進される、請求項17から24までのいずれか1項記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記分子ふるいが、Cu、Feおよびこれらの組み合わせから選択される金属によって促進される、請求項25記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 前記分子ふるいがCuによって促進される、請求項25記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 微粒子状物質、アンモニア、NOxおよび硫黄を含有する、リーンバーンエンジンのエンジン排ガス流を処理するための方法であって、
前記エンジン排ガス流を、三元転化(TWC)触媒、リーンNOxトラップ(LNT)および一体化されたLNT−TWCから選択される少なくとも1つの触媒物品上に流すこと;
微粒子状物質、NOx、硫黄およびアンモニアを含有する、少なくとも1つの触媒物品から出る排ガス流を白金含有触媒物品に通すこと;および
前記白金含有触媒物品から出る排ガスを、分子ふるいおよび促進剤金属を有する選択触媒還元(SCR)物品に通すことを含む前記方法。 - 少なくとも1つの触媒物品がTWCから成る、請求項28記載の方法。
- 前記分子ふるいが、二重六員環(d6r)単位を有するアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含む、請求項28記載の方法。
- 前記ゼオライトが、銅で促進されたCHA骨格構造型ゼオライトである、請求項30記載の方法。
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Also Published As
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JP6805161B2 (ja) | 2020-12-23 |
RU2017134855A (ru) | 2019-04-26 |
WO2016154391A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
CN117489449A (zh) | 2024-02-02 |
CA2972861A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
BR112017016102A2 (pt) | 2018-03-27 |
RU2017134855A3 (ja) | 2019-07-17 |
RU2741771C2 (ru) | 2021-01-28 |
MX2017012364A (es) | 2017-12-18 |
KR102479998B1 (ko) | 2022-12-21 |
ZA201707086B (en) | 2021-04-28 |
CA2972861C (en) | 2023-03-28 |
US10253667B2 (en) | 2019-04-09 |
EP3274087A4 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
US20180038252A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
CN107371373A (zh) | 2017-11-21 |
EP3274087A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
KR20170132161A (ko) | 2017-12-01 |
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