JP2018508704A - 排ガス処理システム及び排ガス処理方法、排ガス処理システムを備える船舶、並びに排ガス処理システムの使用 - Google Patents
排ガス処理システム及び排ガス処理方法、排ガス処理システムを備える船舶、並びに排ガス処理システムの使用 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 103
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 ammonia Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K5/00—Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
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- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
- B01D2259/4566—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
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- F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/40—Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
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Abstract
Description
3 エンジン
5 第1のボイラーユニット
7 混合ユニット
9 SCR反応器
11 第2のボイラーユニット
17 スクラバ
19 第1の出口
21 第2の出口
23 第3の出口
25 第2の入口
27 第1の入口
29 第2の入口
31 出口
33 入口
35 出口
37 第1の入口
39 第1の出口
41 第2の入口
43 第2の出口
45 入口
47 出口
49 噴射装置
51 温度センサ
53 制御ユニット(CU)
BEG ボイラー排ガス
EEG エンジン排ガス
M 媒体
Claims (14)
- エンジン(3)からのエンジン排ガス(EEG)を処理するためのシステム(1)であって、前記エンジン排ガス(EEG)は、T1とT2との間の温度を有しており、前記システム(1)は、前記エンジン排ガス(EEG)を含む媒体(M)に含まれるNOxをN2及びH2Oに変換するためのSCR反応器(9)を含んでおり、前記SCR反応器(9)は、前記媒体(M)を受容するための入口(33)と、NOxが還元された媒体(M−NOx)を出力するための出口(35)と、を有しているシステム(1)において、
混合ユニット(7)と第1のボイラーユニット(5)とをさらに含み、前記第1のボイラーユニット(5)は、前記第1のボイラーユニット(5)からボイラー排ガス(BEG)を出力するための第1の出口(19)を有しており、前記ボイラー排ガス(BEG)は、T3以上の温度を有しており、T3はT1より大きく、前記混合ユニット(7)は、前記エンジン排ガス(EEG)を前記ボイラー排ガス(BEG)と混合して、前記媒体(M)を生成するように構成されており、前記混合ユニット(7)は、前記エンジン排ガス(EEG)を受容するための、前記エンジン(3)と連通する第1の入口(27)と、前記ボイラー排ガス(BEG)を受容するための、前記第1のボイラーユニット(5)の前記第1の出口(19)と連通する第2の入口(29)と、前記媒体(M)を出力するための出口(31)と、を有しており、前記混合ユニット(7)の前記出口(31)は、前記SCR反応器(9)の前記入口(33)と連通することを特徴とするシステム(1)。 - 前記媒体(M)から熱を回収するための第2のボイラーユニット(11)をさらに含み、前記第2のボイラーユニット(11)は、NOxが還元された媒体(M−NOx)を受容するために、前記SCR反応器(9)の前記出口(35)と連通する第1の入口(37)と、冷却された、NOxが還元された媒体(CM−NOx)を出力するための第1の出口(39)と、を有している、請求項1に記載のシステム(1)。
- 前記第2のボイラーユニット(11)と前記第1のボイラーユニット(5)との間における水の循環を可能とするために、前記第2のボイラーユニット(11)の第2の入口(54)が、前記第1のボイラーユニット(5)の第2の出口(21)に接続されており、前記第2のボイラーユニット(11)の第2の出口(43)が、前記第1のボイラーユニット(5)の第2の入口(25)に接続されている、請求項2に記載のシステム(1)。
- 前記第1のボイラーユニット(5)が火力で動作する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のシステム(1)。
- 前記媒体(M)が前記SCR反応器(9)に入る前に、前記媒体(M)の温度を評価するための温度センサ(51)をさらに含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のシステム(1)。
- 前記温度センサ(51)と連通するとともに、前記温度センサ(51)の出力に応じて、前記第1のボイラーユニット(5)を制御するように構成された制御ユニット(53)をさらに含む、請求項5に記載のシステム(1)。
- T3=360℃である、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のシステム(1)。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のシステム(1)を含む船舶。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のシステム(1)の船上での使用。
- エンジンからのエンジン排ガス(EEG)を処理するための方法であって、前記エンジン排ガス(EEG)が、T1とT2との間の温度を有しており、
エンジン排ガスを含む媒体をSCR反応器に受容するステップ(ステップO)と、
前記SCR反応器内で、前記媒体に含まれるNOxをN2及びH2Oに変換するステップ(ステップP)と、
前記SCR反応器から、NOxが還元された前記媒体を出力するステップ(ステップQ)と、を含む方法において、
第1のボイラーユニットから、T3(T3>T1)よりも高い温度を有するボイラー排ガスを出力するステップ(ステップB)と、
混合ユニットに、前記エンジン排ガスと前記ボイラー排ガスとを受容するステップ(ステップC及びK)と、
前記混合ユニット内で、前記エンジン排ガスと前記ボイラー排ガスとを混合して、前記媒体を生成するステップ(ステップL)と、
前記混合ユニットから前記媒体を出力するステップ(ステップM)と、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする方法。 - NOxが還元された前記媒体を第2のボイラーユニットに受容するステップ(ステップR)と、
前記第2のボイラーユニットにおいて、NOxが還元された前記媒体から熱を回収するステップ(ステップS)と、
前記第2のボイラーユニットから、冷却された、NOxが還元された媒体を出力するステップ(ステップU)と、
をさらに含む、請求項10に記載の方法。 - 前記第2のボイラーユニットの第2の入口が、前記第1のボイラーユニットの第2の出口に接続されており、前記第2のボイラーユニットの第2の出口が、前記第1のボイラーユニットの第2の入口に接続されており、前記第2のボイラーユニットと前記第1のボイラーユニットとの間で水を循環するステップ(ステップT)をさらに含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 温度センサを用いて、前記媒体が前記SCR反応器に入る前に前記媒体の温度を評価するステップ(ステップD)をさらに含む、請求項10から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記温度センサの出力に応じて、前記第1のボイラーユニットを制御するステップ(ステップE、F、G、H、I)をさらに含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
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