JP2018185494A - Display - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To change display contents on a screen according to a request from an observer.SOLUTION: A display 1 comprises: a screen 40; a projection device 20 that projects light on the screen; a housing 1a that has the screen arranged on at least part of its outer surface; a half mirror 11 that is attached to the housing and arranged closer to an observer than the screen; and a projection control part that controls at least one of whether the projection device performs projection on the screen and the intensity of projection light projected on the screen by the projection device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device including a screen on which light is projected.

  In a drive simulator, a flight simulator, and the like, a display device that displays an image simulating the influence of a transparent object such as a windshield or a windshield on a screen or the like has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, a liquid crystal display that generates a illusion image in which the influence of a transparent object is imaged is provided, and the illusion image is synthesized with a foreground image projected on a screen and provided to an observer. Patent Document 1 also discloses an example in which a half mirror is arranged on the side close to the observer, a liquid crystal display is arranged on the side far from the observer, and a composite image is generated on the liquid crystal display.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-170306

  In Patent Document 1, a screen and a half mirror are used only for the purpose of visually recognizing a projected image. Half mirrors have contradictory characteristics of transparency and reflectivity. By taking advantage of this feature, it is possible not only to see the projected image of the half mirror, but also to show the viewer's own appearance. However, Patent Document 1 does not disclose any idea of using the half mirror for the purpose of projecting the viewer's own appearance.

  For example, in a cosmetic store, a plurality of mirrors are often prepared so that a state in which a cosmetic sample is used can be confirmed. However, if a mirror is arranged at the sales floor, the place where products, price tags, advertisement posters, product explanation tags, etc. are placed is limited, making it difficult to find the target product and making it difficult to understand the price.

  In order to solve such a problem, the present invention provides a display device capable of switching display contents on a screen in response to an observer's request.

In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a screen;
A projection device for projecting light onto the screen;
A housing in which the screen is disposed on at least a part of the outer surface;
A half mirror that is attached to the housing and disposed closer to the viewer than the screen;
A display device is provided that includes a projection control unit that controls at least one of whether the projection device performs projection on the screen and the intensity of light projected onto the screen by the projection device.

  When the observer uses the screen as a mirror, the projection control unit may stop projection on the screen by the projection device.

  The projection control unit may cause the projection apparatus to perform projection onto the screen when the observer desires a composite display of his / her appearance and a projection image by the projection apparatus.

The projection device can switch the projection light intensity of the screen in a plurality of ways,
The projection control unit may control switching of the projection light intensity of the projection device according to an observer's request.

The projection device can switch the projection light intensity of the screen to a first light intensity and a second light intensity that is higher than the first light intensity,
The projection control unit includes a first display mode in which the observer uses the screen as a mirror, and a second display mode in which the projection light intensity by the projection device is set to the first light intensity according to a request of the observer. And a third display mode in which the light intensity projected by the projection device is set to the second light intensity may be switched.

According to another aspect of the invention, a screen;
A projection device for projecting light onto the screen;
A photographing unit for photographing the appearance of the observer that has passed through the screen and generating a first image;
Whether to project the first image on the screen or whether to project a third image obtained by combining a second image different from the first image with the first image to the screen is controlled. And a projection control unit.

  The projection control unit may switch and control the luminance ratio between the first image and the second image in the third image in a plurality of stages when projecting the third image onto the screen.

A selection unit that allows an observer to select any display mode from a plurality of display modes related to the display mode of the screen;
The projection control unit may control projection on the screen by the projection device based on a display mode selected by an observer by the selection unit.

  The selection unit may include at least one of a selection button provided on the housing and a touch sensor that detects whether or not a predetermined position on the screen is touched.

The screen has a wavelength selective reflection layer that transmits light of one or more specific wavelength ranges and reflects light other than the specific wavelength ranges,
The specific wavelength range may be a wavelength range of light emitted from the projection device.

The screen includes a sheet member having a control layer including a plurality of particles or a predetermined liquid, and an electrode that drives the plurality of particles or the predetermined liquid by applying a voltage to the control layer,
The plurality of particles or the predetermined liquid transmit or reflect light emitted from a light source disposed at a predetermined location,
The electrode causes at least one of movement and rotation of the plurality of particles in the control layer in response to the voltage, or moves the predetermined liquid in the control layer in response to the voltage. May be.

  The housing may be a shelf.

  The projection device may be built in the housing.

  According to the present invention, the display content of the screen can be switched according to the request of the observer.

1 is a perspective view of a display device according to a first embodiment. The figure which shows the example which projects a screen with three projectors. The figure which shows an example of the cross-sectional structure of a screen. The figure which shows the advancing direction of the light in the display apparatus in a 1st display mode. The figure which shows the example of a display of the screen in 1st display mode. The figure which shows the advancing direction of the light in the display apparatus in 2nd display mode. The figure which shows the example of a display of the screen in 2nd display mode. The figure which shows the example of a display of the screen in 2nd display mode. The figure which shows the advancing direction of the light in the display apparatus in a 3rd display mode. The figure which shows the example of a display of the screen in 3rd display mode. The top view which shows the example which provided the light advancing direction change member. The top view seen from the arrow direction of FIG. 7A. The block diagram of the control system of the display apparatus by 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the cross-section of a speckle reduction sheet. Enlarged view of the particles. The figure which shows the voltage waveform applied to a pair of electrode. Sectional drawing of the speckle reduction sheet | seat using the particle | grains of a structure different from FIG. Sectional drawing of the speckle reduction sheet | seat using the particle | grains of a structure different from FIG. 9 and FIG. Sectional drawing of the speckle reduction sheet | seat using the particle | grains of a structure different from FIG.9, FIG12 and FIG.13. The figure which shows the example which rotated particle | grains from FIG. The figure which shows the example in which the 1st electrode and the 2nd electrode are formed in stripe form. The figure which shows the example comprised so that a cavity may contain a single particle. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the speckle reduction sheet | seat of an electrophoresis system. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the speckle reduction sheet of the electrophoresis system different from FIG. 18A. The figure which shows the example which has arrange | positioned many microcapsules between two electrodes. The figure which shows the example which controls the movement of particle | grains for every cell part. The figure which shows the example which controls the movement of particle | grains for every cell part by the structure different from FIG. 19A. The figure which shows the example which fills each cell part of a partition structure with gas and a several granular material. The figure which shows the example which employ | adopts an electrowetting system. The figure which shows the example which provided the permeation | transmission diffusion layer between the speckle reduction sheet | seat and the half mirror. The figure which shows schematic structure of the display apparatus by 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows the example which visually recognizes the 3rd image by which the 1st image and 2nd image which are own forms were synthesize | combined. The figure which shows the example which visually recognizes a 2nd image more clearly than the 1st image which is self-appearance. The block diagram of the control system of the display apparatus of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings attached to the present specification, for the sake of illustration and ease of understanding, the scale, the vertical / horizontal dimension ratio, and the like are appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual product.

  Furthermore, as used in this specification, the shape and geometric conditions and the degree thereof are specified. For example, terms such as “parallel”, “orthogonal”, “identical”, length and angle values, etc. Without being bound by meaning, it should be interpreted including the extent to which similar functions can be expected.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a display device 1 according to the first embodiment. The display device 1 in FIG. 1 includes a box-shaped housing 1a. As a more specific use example of the display device 1 of FIG. 1, there are a product display shelf on which various products 34 are arranged, a design shelf on which decorations and the like are placed. The display device 1 in FIG. 1 can be applied to purposes other than shelves, and the outer shape of the housing 1a is not necessarily limited to a box shape.

  1 is provided with a projector (projection device) 20 and a drive device 36 incorporating a power source of the projector 20, a power control unit, a control device 35, and the like. . A screen 40 is disposed on at least a part of the outer surface of the housing 1a. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the screen 40 is arranged on one side surface of the box-shaped housing 1a, the arrangement location and size of the screen 40 are not limited to those shown in FIG. Further, the screen 40 does not necessarily have a planar shape, and may have a non-planar shape such as a curved surface shape or a bent surface shape.

  The drive device 36 may be separately disposed at a plurality of locations. For example, a part of the drive device 36, for example, the control device 35 may be provided at a location separate from other members. More specifically, the control device 35 may be built in the projector 20. The control device 35 has a projection control unit described later. Moreover, some components in the drive device 36 may be disposed outside the housing 1a.

  The projector 20 includes a light source that emits coherent light, and a scanning device that scans the coherent light emitted from the light source on the screen 40. The coherent light output from the projector 20 is so-called focus-free, and can project a clear image on the screen 40 provided at an arbitrary place. The projection size on the screen 40 changes depending on the optical path length from the light exit port of the projector 20 to the screen 40.

  Note that the light source does not necessarily emit coherent light such as laser light, and may be a light source that emits non-coherent light such as LED (Light Emitting Device) light. Hereinafter, the projector 20 using a light source that mainly emits coherent light will be described.

  As the scanning device, for example, a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) mirror or the like is used.

  FIG. 1 shows an example in which the projection of the screen 40 is performed by one projector 20, but the projection of the screen 40 may be performed by a plurality of projectors 20. FIG. 2 shows an example in which the screen 40 is projected by three projectors 20. In this case, each projector 20 projects a partial projection area in the screen 40. Ideally, the projection range of each projector 20 is continuously connected in the horizontal direction of the screen 40, and the height position in the vertical direction also coincides.

  The screen 40 is a transmission type, and the observer observes the screen 40 in the direction of the arrow shown from the outside of the housing 1a. In the following, the side of the viewer facing the screen 40 is the front side of the display device 1.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of the screen 40. The screen 40 in FIG. 3 includes a half mirror 11, a speckle reduction sheet 12, a lenticular layer 13, and a Fresnel lens layer 14 in order from the side closer to the observer, that is, the front side of the display device 1. The screen 40 may include layers other than these layers, or may not include some of the illustrated layers.

  The half mirror 11 transmits a part of incident light from the viewer side and reflects at least a part of the remaining light. Thereby, the observer can visually recognize his / her appearance displayed on the half mirror 11.

  The half mirror 11 may be formed of a wavelength selection film having optical characteristics that transmits light in a specific wavelength range and reflects light in a wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range. Such a wavelength selection film can be realized by a dielectric multilayer film, for example. The specific wavelength range is a wavelength range of light emitted from the projector 20. The projector 20 that emits coherent light emits light in three narrow wavelength ranges corresponding to the three colors RGB. When the wavelength selection film has an optical characteristic that allows the light emitted from the projector 20 to pass, the light emitted from the projector 20 passes through the half mirror 11 made of the wavelength selection film and reaches the eyes of the observer. It will be.

  Moreover, since the wavelength selective film reflects light in a wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range, the light in the wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range among the light incident from the observer side is composed of the wavelength selective film. The light is reflected by the half mirror 11 and similarly reaches the eyes of the observer. Therefore, by using a wavelength selective film having an optical characteristic that transmits light in a specific wavelength range and reflects light in other wavelength ranges as the half mirror 11, the observer can see his / her appearance as a half mirror. 11 and the projected image transmitted from the projector 20 through the half mirror 11 can be visually recognized.

  A wavelength selection film having optical characteristics that transmits light in a specific wavelength range and reflects light in a wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range is disposed between the half mirror 11 and the speckle reduction sheet 12. May be. That is, instead of using the half mirror 11 as a wavelength selection film, a wavelength selection film may be provided separately from the half mirror 11. In this case, the observer visually recognizes his / her appearance by a composite image of the image reflected by the half mirror 11 and the image transmitted through the half mirror 11 and reflected by the wavelength selection film. Compared to the case where 11 is a wavelength selective film, the appearance of the subject can be visually recognized with a more natural hue and clearer brightness.

  The speckle reduction sheet 12 is a sheet that has been subjected to a process that makes it difficult to visually recognize speckles when the observer looks at the screen 40. When the projector 20 emits coherent light, it is desirable to provide the speckle reduction sheet 12 because the speckle becomes conspicuous. However, when the projector 20 emits non-coherent light such as LED light, The speckle reduction sheet 12 may be omitted. Thus, the speckle reduction sheet 12 is not an essential component. Since there are a plurality of specific configurations of the speckle reduction sheet 12, a detailed description will be given later.

  The Fresnel lens layer 14 is provided for collimating the light emitted from the projector 20. By providing the Fresnel lens layer 14, the light emitted from the projector 20 can be collimated while suppressing the thickness of the screen 40.

  The lenticular layer 13 is provided for diffusing the light that has passed through the Fresnel lens layer 14 and expanding the viewing angle of the screen 40.

  As described above, the display device 1 of FIG. 1 is, for example, a box-shaped housing 1a, and is formed of, for example, an acrylic plate except for the place where the screen 40 is disposed. The acrylic plate is subjected to, for example, a coloring process or an opaque process so that the driving device 36 and the projector 20 built in the housing 1a are not visually recognized from the outside.

  The display device 1 in FIG. 1 is capable of switching the display mode of the screen 40 in accordance with an observer's request. The observer can select one of the first to third display modes, for example, using a physical selection button provided on the housing 1a, a touch button on the screen 40, or the like.

  4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating a display mode of the screen 40 when the observer selects the first display mode. FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a traveling direction of light in the display device 1 in the first display mode, and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a display example of the screen 40 in the first display mode.

  When the observer selects the first display mode, the projection on the screen 40 by the projector 20 is stopped and the inside of the projector 20 becomes dark. In this case, since the rear side of the screen 40 becomes dark, as shown in FIG. 4A, the light reflected by the half mirror 11 among the incident light from the viewer side enters the eyes of the viewer. Since the back of the half mirror 11 is dark, the light reflected by the half mirror 11 is easily noticeable, and the observer can visually recognize his / her appearance clearly. Thus, in the first display mode, the display device 1 can be used as a mirror.

  FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, and FIG. 5C are diagrams for explaining the display mode of the screen 40 when the observer selects the second display mode. FIG. 5A is a diagram showing the traveling direction of light in the display device 1 in the second display mode, and FIGS. 5B and 5C are diagrams showing one display example of the screen 40 in the second display mode.

  When the observer selects the second display mode, projection onto the screen 40 by the projector 20 is performed. The projected light intensity at that time is set to the first light intensity. The first light intensity is set to a light intensity comparable to the ambient light intensity on the observer side. In the second display mode, part of the incident light from the viewer side is reflected by the half mirror 11 and enters the eyes of the viewer, as in the first display mode. In addition, the projection light from the projector 20 passes through the half mirror 11 and enters the observer's eyes. Therefore, in the second display mode, the observer visually recognizes an image in which the appearance of the user and the projection image by the projector 20 are combined. FIG. 5B shows an example of displaying a hat image, a hat product name, and a price as the projection image of the projector 20, but the specific content of the projection image is arbitrary. The difference between FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C is that the product is a translucent image in FIG. 5B, whereas the product is an opaque image in FIG. 5C. Actually, any product image of FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C may be adopted.

  The second display mode can be used, for example, for the purpose of confirming by the observer himself what the impression will be when the observer wears cosmetics such as lipstick, wigs, clothes, decorations, and the like. That is, the second display mode can be applied to so-called virtual fitting. As an example, it is conceivable that a projection image of a product is generated in advance for each product to be subjected to virtual fitting, and a separate display device 1 is provided for each product. The observer stands in front of the display device 1 corresponding to the product for which virtual fitting is desired, first selects the first display mode, confirms his / her appearance, and then switches to the second display mode. And a projected image of the product can be visually recognized on the screen 40, and the user wearing the product can be easily and easily confirmed. Therefore, the observer can easily and easily confirm the impression of wearing the product without actually picking up and wearing the product.

  Note that a single display device 1 may switch the projection images of a plurality of products and project the projected images onto the screen 40. In this case, the observer can project a projection image corresponding to the selected product on the screen 40 by selecting a desired product with a selection button, a touch button, or the like, and the observer can perform various operations without changing the location. It is possible to easily wear a virtual product.

  6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating a display mode of the screen 40 when the observer selects the third display mode. FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a traveling direction of light in the display device 1 in the third display mode, and FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a display example of the screen 40 in the third display mode.

  When the observer selects the third display mode, the projection light intensity of the projector 20 is set to a second light intensity that is higher than the first light intensity. The second light intensity is higher than the ambient light intensity on the observer side. In this case, a part of the incident light from the viewer side is reflected by the half mirror 11 and enters the viewer's eyes as in the first and second display modes, but the intensity of the projection light from the projector 20 is low. Since it is higher than that in the second display mode, it becomes difficult for an observer to visually recognize the reflected image reflected by the half mirror 11 due to the strong light intensity of the projection image from the projector 20.

  By providing the third display mode separately from the second display mode, the observer can check the product image with clearer brightness.

  In the above description, the example in which the first to third display modes are provided has been described. However, for example, only the first display mode and the second display mode may be provided, or three types of projection light intensities of the projector 20 may be provided. As described above, four or more display modes may be provided so as to be switchable. 5B and 6B show an example in which the projector 20 projects the product image, product name, and price on the screen 40, but this is an example, and the image projected on the screen 40 can be changed arbitrarily. May be. For example, normally, the screen 40 is used to display images and characters for advertising purposes, and when the observer performs any button operation, the screen is switched to the first to third display mode images described above. Good.

  In FIG. 1, the light emitted from the projector 20 is directly incident on the screen 40. However, in order to increase the projection area of the screen 40, it is necessary to increase the optical path length from the projector 20 to the screen 40. However, when the size of the housing 1a is limited and the depth of the housing 1a cannot be increased, the light emitted from the projector 20 may be folded back to increase the optical path length.

  FIG. 7A is a plan view showing an example in which a light traveling direction changing member 73 composed of, for example, a reflecting mirror 72 is provided between the projector 20 and the screen 40. The reflection mirror 72 in FIG. 7A changes the traveling direction of the coherent light emitted from the projector 20 and guides it to the screen 40. By providing the reflection mirror 72 as shown in FIG. 7A, the linear distance from the projector 20 to the screen 40 can be shortened while the optical path length from the projector 20 to the screen 40 is lengthened, and the depth of the housing 1a can be shortened.

  In FIG. 7A, the projector 20 may be arranged on substantially the same plane as the reflecting mirror 72, or the projector 20 may be arranged above, below, on the right side or on the left side of the mirror.

  FIG. 7B is a plan view seen from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7A. FIG. 7B shows an example in which the projector 20 is disposed on the bottom surface side of the housing 1 a, coherent light is output obliquely upward from the projector 20, and is incident on the reflection mirror 72. In this case, the coherent light reflected by the reflection mirror 72 passes above the projector 20 and enters the screen 40. Therefore, the projector 20 does not block the optical path of coherent light from the reflecting mirror 72 toward the screen 40. Note that the projector 20 may be disposed on the top surface side of the housing 1 a so that coherent light is output obliquely downward from the projector 20 and is incident on the reflection mirror 72.

  The location of the projector 20 and the reflection mirror 72 is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. Further, the reflection mirror 72 may have a planar shape as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, or may have a non-planar shape such as a curved surface. Further, the screen 40 may be arranged not only on one side surface of the housing 1a but also at a plurality of locations on the outer surface of the housing 1a. At this time, the projector 20 may be provided separately for each screen 40, or projection may be performed on the plurality of screens 40 by one projector 20.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a control system of the display device 1 according to the first embodiment. The control system of the display device 1 in FIG. 8 includes a selection unit 15, a projection control unit 16, and a control device 35. As described above, the selection unit 15 includes a physical selection button provided on the housing 1a, a touch button of the screen 40, or the like, and selects a display mode of the screen 40.

  Based on the display mode selected by the selection unit 15, the projection control unit 16 controls at least one of whether the projector 20 performs projection onto the screen 40 and the intensity of light projected onto the screen 40 by the projector 20. When the observer wants to use the screen 40 as a mirror (in the case of the first display mode described above), the projection control unit 16 in the control device 35 stops the projection on the screen 40 by the projector 20. The projection control unit 16 projects the projector 20 onto the screen 40 when the observer desires a composite display of his / her appearance and the projection image from the projector 20 (in the second display mode described above). Make it. When the projector 20 can switch the projection light intensity of the screen 40 in a plurality of ways, the projection control unit 16 controls switching of the projection light intensity of the projector 20 according to the request of the observer. More specifically, the projection control unit 16 sets the first display mode in which the observer uses the screen 40 as a mirror and the light intensity projected by the projector 20 to the first light intensity in response to the request of the observer. Switching control is performed between the second display mode and the third display mode in which the light intensity projected by the projector 20 is set to the second light intensity.

  The projection control unit 16 performs lighting control of the light source in the projector 20 and scanning control of the scanning device based on the display mode selected by the observer, and also performs driving control of the driving device 36 shown in FIG. When the screen 40 includes the speckle reduction sheet 12, the driving device 36 performs switching control on whether to supply a power supply voltage to the speckle reduction sheet 12 based on a control signal from the projection control unit 16.

(Speckle reduction sheet 12)
Next, the speckle reduction sheet 12 constituting a part of the screen 40 will be described. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of the speckle reduction sheet 12. The speckle reduction sheet 12 according to the embodiment includes a particle sheet 50 having a plurality of particles, a first electrode 41 and a second electrode 42 connected to the power source 30, and a first cover layer 46 and a second cover layer. 47. The first electrode 41 extends in a planar shape on one main surface of the particle sheet 50, and the second electrode 42 extends in a planar shape on the other main surface of the particle sheet 50. The first cover layer 46 covers the first electrode, and the second cover layer 47 covers the second electrode.

  The speckle reduction sheet 12 of FIG. 9 constitutes a transmission type speckle reduction sheet 12. As shown in FIG. 3, the projector 20 projects light onto the Fresnel lens layer 14 on the side opposite to the observer. This light is collimated by the Fresnel lens layer 14, is incident on the lenticular layer 13, is diffused, and is incident on the first electrode of the speckle reduction sheet 12.

  The Fresnel lens layer 14, the lenticular layer 13, and the first electrode through which the projection light from the projector 20 is transmitted have visible light transmission. Each of the Fresnel lens layer 14, the lenticular layer 13, and the first electrode preferably has a transmittance in the visible light region of 80% or more, and more preferably 84% or more. The visible light transmittance is the transmittance at each wavelength when measured within a measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, JISK0115 compliant product). Specified as the average value of. The second electrode 42 can be made of the same material as the first electrode 41.

  As the conductive material for the first electrode 41 and the second electrode, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), InZnO (Indium Zinc Oxide), Ag nanowire, carbon nanotube, or the like can be used.

  Next, the particle sheet 50 will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, the particle sheet 50 includes a pair of base material layers 51 and 52 and a particle layer 55 provided between the pair of base material layers 51 and 52. The first base material layer 51 supports the first electrode 41, and the second base material layer 52 supports the second electrode 42. The particle layer 55 is sealed between the first base material layer 51 and the second base material layer 52. The first base material layer 51 and the second base material layer 52 are materials having a strength capable of sealing the particle layer 55 and functioning as a support for the electrodes 41 and 42 and the particle layer 55, for example, A polyethylene terephthalate resin film can be used. The first base material layer 51 and the second base material layer 52 have the same visible light transmissivity as the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42.

  Next, the particle layer 55 will be described. As well illustrated in FIG. 9, the particle layer 55 includes a large number of particles 60 and a holding portion 56 that holds the particles 60. The holding unit 56 holds the particles 60 in an operable manner. In the illustrated example, the holding portion 56 has a large number of cavities 56a, and the particles 60 are accommodated in the cavities 56a. The inner dimension of each cavity 56a is larger than the outer dimension of the particle 60 in the cavity 56a. Therefore, the particles 60 can operate in the cavity 56a. The holding part 56 is swollen by the solvent 57. In the cavity 56 a, the space between the holding unit 56 and the particles 60 is filled with the solvent 57. According to the holding part 56 swollen by the solvent 57, the smooth operation of the particles 60 can be ensured stably. Hereinafter, the holding unit 56, the solvent 57, and the particles 60 will be described in order.

  First, the holding part 56 and the solvent 57 will be described. The solvent 57 is used for smooth operation of the particles 60. The solvent 57 is held in the cavity 56a as the holding portion 56 swells. The solvent 57 is preferably of low polarity so as not to prevent the particles 60 from operating in response to an electric field. As the low-polarity solvent 57, various materials that facilitate the operation of the particles 60 can be used. Examples of the solvent 57 include dimethyl silicone oil, isoparaffinic solvents, and linear alkanes such as linear paraffinic solvents, dodecane, and tridecane.

  Next, the holding | maintenance part 56 may be comprised using the elastomer sheet | seat which consists of an elastomer material as an example. The holding portion 56 as an elastomer sheet can swell the solvent 57 described above. Examples of the material for the elastomer sheet include silicone resin, (microcrosslinked) acrylic resin, (microcrosslinked) styrene resin, and polyolefin resin.

  In the illustrated example, the cavities 56 a are distributed at a high density in the surface direction of the speckle reduction sheet 12 in the holding portion 56. The cavities 56 a are also distributed in the normal direction nd of the speckle reduction sheet 12. In the illustrated example, a group of cavities 56 a that are spread in a planar shape are arranged in three layers in the thickness direction of the speckle reduction sheet 12.

  Next, the particle 60 will be described. The particles 60 have a function of changing the traveling direction of image light projected from the projector 20. In the illustrated example, the particle 60 has a function of diffusing image light.

  The particle 60 includes a first portion 61 and a second portion 62 having different relative dielectric constants. Therefore, when the particle 60 is placed in an electric field, an electron dipole moment is generated in the particle 60. At this time, the particle 60 moves toward a position where the vector of the dipole moment is opposite to the vector of the electric field. Therefore, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 and an electric field is generated in the particle sheet 50 positioned between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42, the particles 60 are It operates in the cavity 56a so as to assume a stable posture, that is, a stable position and orientation with respect to the electric field. The speckle reduction sheet 12 changes its diffusion wavefront in accordance with the operation of the particles 60 having a light diffusion function.

  FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the particle 60. The particle 60 has a spherical shape, and the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 are each hemispherical. The first portion 61 of the particle 60 has a first main portion 66a and a first diffusion component 66b dispersed in the first main portion 66a. Similarly, the second portion 62 has a second main portion 67a and a second diffusion component 67b dispersed in the second main portion 67a. Therefore, the spherical particles 60 can exhibit a diffusion function with respect to light traveling inside the first portion 61 and light traveling inside the second portion 62. Here, the diffusing components 66b and 67b are components that can act on the light traveling in the particle 60 by changing the traveling direction of the light by reflection or refraction. Such a light diffusion function (light scattering function) of the diffusion components 66b and 67b includes, for example, the diffusion components 66b and 67b made of a material having a refractive index different from that of the material forming the main portions 66a and 67a of the particle 60. Or by constituting the diffusing components 66b and 67b from a material capable of reflecting light. Examples of the diffusion components 66b and 67b having a refractive index different from that of the material forming the main portions 66a and 67a include resin beads, glass beads, metal compounds, a porous substance containing gas, and simple bubbles.

  In the illustrated example, the particle 60 has a single color. That is, the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 have the same color. The colors of the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 can be adjusted by adding a coloring material such as a pigment or a dye to the first portion 61 and the second portion 62. As the pigment and dye, various known pigments and dyes can be used.

  The particle layer 55 can be manufactured by a known manufacturing method. That is, first, an ink in which the particles 60 are dispersed in the polymerizable silicone rubber is prepared. Next, the ink is stretched with a coater or the like, and further polymerized by heating or the like to form a sheet. By the above procedure, the holding part 56 holding the particles 60 is obtained. Next, the holding part 56 is immersed in a solvent 57 such as silicone oil for a certain period. As the holding portion 56 swells, a gap filled with the solvent 57 is formed between the holding portion 56 made of silicone rubber and the particles 60. As a result, a cavity 56a containing the solvent 57 and the particles 60 is defined. The particle layer 55 can be manufactured as described above.

  Next, the speckle reduction sheet 12 can be produced using the particle layer 55 by the production method disclosed in JP2011-112792A. First, the particle layer 55 is covered with the pair of base material layers 51 and 52, and the particle layer 55 is sealed using a laminate or an adhesive. Thereby, the particle sheet 50 is produced. Next, the speckle reduction sheet 12 is obtained by providing the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 on the particle sheet 50 and further laminating the first cover layer 46 and the second cover layer 4747.

  Next, the effect | action at the time of displaying an image using this display apparatus 1 is demonstrated.

First, under the control of the control device 35, the light source of the projector 20 oscillates coherent light. The light from the projector 20 has its optical path adjusted by a scanning device (not shown) and is irradiated onto the speckle reduction sheet 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the scanning device (not shown) adjusts the optical path of the light so that the light scans on one sheet surface of the speckle reduction sheet 12.
The emission of coherent light by the light source is controlled by the control device 35. The control device 35 stops the emission of coherent light from the light source corresponding to the image to be displayed on the speckle reduction sheet 12. The operation of the scanning device included in the projector 20 is so fast that it cannot be disassembled by human eyes. Therefore, an observer observes simultaneously the light irradiated to each position on the speckle reduction sheet 12 irradiated at intervals.

  The light projected on the speckle reduction sheet 12 passes through the first cover layer 46 and the first electrode 41 and reaches the particle sheet 50. This light is diffused by the particles 60 of the particle sheet 50 and is emitted toward various directions on the viewer side of the speckle reduction sheet 12. Therefore, light from each position on the speckle reduction sheet 12 can be observed at each position on the viewer side of the speckle reduction sheet 12. As a result, an image corresponding to the region irradiated with the coherent light on the speckle reduction sheet 12 can be observed.

  The light source may include a plurality of light sources that emit coherent light in different wavelength ranges. In this case, the control device 35 controls the light source corresponding to the light in each wavelength region independently from the other light sources. As a result, a color image can be displayed on the speckle reduction sheet 12.

  By the way, when an image is formed on the speckle reduction sheet 12 using coherent light, speckles with a speckled pattern are observed. One cause of speckle is considered to be that coherent light typified by laser light causes an interference pattern on the surface of the optical sensor (on the retina in the case of humans) after diffusing on the speckle reduction sheet 12. . In particular, when the speckle reduction sheet 12 is irradiated with coherent light by raster scanning, the coherent light is incident on each position on the speckle reduction sheet 12 from a certain incident direction. Therefore, when the raster scan is adopted, the speckle wavefront generated at each point of the speckle reduction sheet 12 is immovable unless the diffusion wavefront is changed with time, such as the speckle reduction sheet 12 swinging, and the speckle pattern is observed together with the image. When visually recognized by a person, the image quality of the display image is significantly deteriorated.

  On the other hand, the speckle reduction sheet 12 of the display device 1 according to the present embodiment changes the diffusion wavefront with time. If the diffusion wavefront on the speckle reduction sheet 12 changes, the speckle pattern on the speckle reduction sheet 12 changes over time. Then, when the change with time of the diffusion wavefront is made sufficiently fast, the speckle patterns are overlapped and averaged, and are observed by the observer. Thereby, speckles can be made inconspicuous.

  The illustrated speckle reduction sheet 12 has a pair of electrodes 41 and 42. The pair of electrodes 41 and 42 are electrically connected to the power source 30. The power source 30 can apply a voltage to the pair of electrodes 41 and 42. When a voltage is applied between the pair of electrodes 41, 42, an electric field is formed on the particle sheet 50 positioned between the pair of electrodes 41, 42. In the particle layer 55 of the particle sheet 50, particles 60 having a plurality of portions 61 and 62 having different relative dielectric constants are operably held. Since the particle 60 is originally charged or a dipole moment is generated at least when an electric field is formed in the particle layer 55, the particle 60 operates according to a vector of the formed electric field. When the particle 60 having the function of changing the traveling direction of light, for example, the function of reflection, refraction, or diffusion, operates, the diffusion characteristic of the speckle reduction sheet 12 changes with time. As a result, speckle can be made inconspicuous. The reference symbol “La” in FIG. 10 is image light emitted from the projector 20 to the speckle reduction sheet 12, and the reference symbol “Lb” is image light diffused by the speckle reduction sheet 12.

  It should be noted that the relative permittivity being different between the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 of the particle 60 is sufficient if the relative permittivity is different enough to exhibit the speckle reduction function. Therefore, whether or not the relative permittivity differs between the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 of the particle 60 depends on whether or not the operably held particle 60 can operate with a change in the electric field vector. Can be determined.

  Here, the principle that the particle 60 operates with respect to the holding unit 56 is to change the direction and position of the particle 60 so that the charge or dipole moment of the particle 60 has a stable positional relationship with respect to the electric field vector. That's it. Therefore, if a constant electric field is continuously applied to the particle layer 55, the operation of the particles 60 stops after a certain period. On the other hand, in order to make the speckle inconspicuous, it is necessary to continue the operation of the particles 60 with respect to the holding unit 56. Therefore, the power source 30 applies a voltage so that the electric field formed in the particle layer 55 changes with time. In the illustrated example, the power source 30 applies a voltage between the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 so as to invert the electric field vector generated in the particle sheet 50. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 11, an AC voltage that repeats a voltage of X [V] and a voltage of −Y [V] is applied from the power source 30 to the pair of electrodes 41 and 42 of the speckle reduction sheet 12. Is done.

  The particles 60 are accommodated in a cavity 56 a formed in the holding portion 56. The cavity 56a has a substantially spherical inner shape. Therefore, the particle 60 can vibrate about the rotation axis ra extending in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. However, depending on the size of the cavity 56a that accommodates the particle 60, the particle 60 not only repeatedly rotates but also translates. Further, the solvent 56 is filled in the cavity 56a. The solvent 57 facilitates the operation of the particles 60 with respect to the holding unit 56.

  The particle 60 is not limited to the structure including the substantially hemispherical first portion 61 and the second portion 62 as shown in FIG. Below, the 1st modification-the 3rd modification of particle 60 are explained in order.

(First Modification of Particle 60)
12 is a cross-sectional view of the speckle reduction sheet 12 using particles 60 having a structure different from that in FIG. A particle 60 according to the first modification shown in FIG. 12 has a first portion 61 and a second portion 62 having different volumes. FIG. 12 shows an example in which the volume of the first portion 61 is larger than the volume of the second portion 62. In the case of FIG. 12, the second portion 62 has a shape close to a sphere or an elliptic sphere, and the surface of the second portion 62, that is, the interface with the first portion 61 is a convex surface. Note that the particle 60 is not necessarily an ideal sphere, and the second portion 62 may be slightly distorted from an ideal sphere or ellipsoid.

  The first portion 61 is a transparent member. Specific materials for the first portion 61 include, for example, silicone oil and a transparent resin member. The first portion 61 is ideally arranged on the viewer side as shown in FIG. The light incident on the first portion 61 passes through the first portion 61 as it is and reaches the second portion 62. The second portion 62 has a relative dielectric constant different from that of the first portion 61 and has a light scattering or refraction function. Further, the second portion 62 is configured with a refractive index different from that of the first portion 61. The second portion 62 may include a diffusion component 62c that diffuses light. These diffusing components 62c perform the action of changing the light path direction by reflection or refraction with respect to the light traveling in the particle 60.

  Thus, the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 have different optical characteristics, and the surface of the second portion 62 has a convex shape. Thereby, the light that has reached the second portion 62 from the first portion 61 is scattered or refracted in a direction corresponding to the convex shape of the surface of the second portion 62. Therefore, the projection light from the projector 20 is scattered or refracted by the second portion 62 and is reflected on the speckle reduction sheet 12.

  Since the surface of the second portion 62 has a convex shape, the light that has passed through the first portion 61 and reached the surface of the second portion 62 is scattered or refracted in a direction corresponding to the curvature of the convex surface. The light incident on the convex surface has a wider light diffusion range than the light incident on the concave surface. Therefore, when the volume of the second portion 62 is smaller than the first portion 61 and the surface of the second portion 62 is convex as in the present embodiment, the diffusion range of the light incident on each particle 60 is increased. Can be spread.

  In a state where no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 41 and 42, each particle 60 in the particle layer 55 may be oriented in various directions. In this case, by applying a predetermined initial voltage between the first and second electrodes, it is possible to align the first portions 61 of the particles 60 so as to face the viewer as shown in FIG. Become. Alternatively, by adjusting the specific gravity of the first portion 61 and the second portion 62, it is possible to align the particles 60 in the direction as shown in FIG.

  In the state of FIG. 12, when a voltage is applied between the first and second electrodes 41 and 42, an electric field is generated between the first and second electrodes 41 and 42, and this electric field causes an electron bipolar in the particle 60. A child moment is generated. At this time, the particle 60 moves toward a position where the vector of the dipole moment is opposite to the vector of the electric field. Therefore, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 and an electric field is generated in the particle sheet 50 positioned between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42, the particles 60 are It operates in the cavity 56a so as to assume a stable posture, that is, a stable position and orientation with respect to the electric field. In the state of FIG. 12, the second portion 62 in the particle 60 is arranged to face the surface of the particle layer 55, but the particle 60 is changed by changing the voltage between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42. Accordingly, the surface direction of the second portion 62 with respect to the surface direction of the particle layer 55 changes. Since the second portion 62 has a function of scattering or refracting the light incident on the first portion 61, the surface direction of the second portion 62 changes to change the light incident on the surface of the second portion 62. The incident angle changes, and the light scattering or refraction direction in the second portion 62 also changes. Thereby, the diffusion characteristic of the speckle reduction sheet 12 can be changed.

(Second Modification of Particle 60)
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the speckle reduction sheet 12 using particles 60 having a structure different from those in FIGS. 9 and 12. A particle 60 according to the second modification shown in FIG. 13 has a first portion 61 and a second portion 62 having a volume larger than that of the first portion 61. The material of the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 is the same as that of the second embodiment, the first portion 61 is a transparent member, and the second portion 62 has a light scattering or refraction function.

  The interface between the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 is convex when viewed from the first portion 61 and concave when viewed from the second portion 62. The light incident on the second portion 62 from the first portion 61 travels in the direction of convergence. Thereby, the speckle reduction sheet 12 having the particles 60 according to the present embodiment can diffuse light in a narrow range. Therefore, the diffused light can be concentrated on the observer at a specific position on the front side of the speckle reduction sheet 12, and the speckle reduction sheet 12 can be visually recognized with high contrast when viewed from this observer. .

(Third Modification of Particle 60)
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the speckle reduction sheet 12 using particles 60 having a structure different from that of FIGS. 9, 12, and 13. The particle 60 according to the third modification shown in FIG. 14 has a three-layer structure in which a first portion 61, a third portion 63, and a second portion 62 are arranged in this order, and the first portion 61 is arranged on the viewer side. Yes. The third portion 63 is in surface contact with the first portion 61 and controls incident light from the first portion 61. The second portion 62 is in surface contact with the second surface 63 b opposite to the first surface 63 a in surface contact with the first portion 61 of the third portion 63, and has a relative dielectric constant different from that of the first portion 61. ing. As described above, the third portion 63 is sandwiched between the first portion 61 and the second portion 62, and the third portion 63 is in surface contact with the first portion 61 and the second portion 62.

  The first portion 61 and the second portion 62 are transparent members. The third portion 63 has a function of scattering or reflecting light incident on the first portion 61. The third portion 63 is configured with a refractive index different from that of the first portion 61. The third portion 63 may include a diffusion component 63c that diffuses light. These diffusing components 63c perform the action of changing the light path direction by reflection or refraction with respect to the light traveling in the particle 60. Such a light diffusing function (light scattering function) of the diffusing component 63c is obtained by, for example, forming the diffusing component 63c from a material having a refractive index different from that of the material forming the main part of the particle 60, or On the other hand, the diffusion component 63c is made of a material capable of exerting a reflection effect on the surface, and can be applied. Examples of the diffusion component 63c having a refractive index different from that of the base material of the third portion 63 include resin beads, glass beads, a metal compound, a porous material containing gas, and simple bubbles.

  The particle 60 is typically spherical, and a thin layer passing through the vicinity of the center thereof is the third portion 63, and the first portion on both sides (the first surface 63 a and the second surface 63 b) side of the third portion 63. 61 and the second portion 62 are in surface contact. Note that the shape of the particles 60 is not necessarily an ideal sphere. Therefore, the shapes of the first portion 61, the third portion 63, and the second portion 62 also change according to the shape of the particle 60.

  The thickness between the first surface 63 a and the second surface 63 b of the third portion 63 of the particle 60 is thinner than the maximum thickness in the normal direction of the first surface 63 a of the first portion 61. The thickness between the first surface 63 a and the second surface 63 b of the third portion 63 is thinner than the maximum thickness in the normal direction of the second surface 63 b of the third portion 63. The first surface 63a and the second surface 63b are, for example, circular or elliptical, and the third portion 63 is, for example, a disk, an elliptical plate, a cylinder, or an elliptical cylinder.

  In the initial state in which no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 41 and 42, the surface direction of the third portion 63 is disposed substantially parallel to the surface direction of the particle layer 55. In order to arrange the surface direction of the third portion 63 substantially parallel to the surface direction of the particle layer 55 in the initial state, for example, the specific gravity of the first portion 61, the second portion 62, and the third portion 63 of the particle 60 is used. This can be realized by adjusting Alternatively, a predetermined initial voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 41 and 42 in the initial state so that the surface direction of the third portion 63 of each particle 60 in the particle layer 55 is the surface direction of the particle layer 55. You may make it become substantially parallel.

  When a voltage is applied between the first and second electrodes 41, 42, an electric field is generated between the first and second electrodes 41, 42, and an electron dipole moment is generated in the particle 60 by this electric field. At this time, the particle 60 moves toward a position where the vector of the dipole moment is opposite to the vector of the electric field. Therefore, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 and an electric field is generated in the particle sheet 50 positioned between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42, the particles 60 are It operates in the cavity 56a so as to take a stable posture, that is, a stable position and orientation with respect to the electric field. By changing the voltage between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42, the posture of the particle 60 changes, and thereby the angle of the third portion 63 with respect to the surface direction of the particle layer 55 changes. Since the third portion 63 has a function of scattering or reflecting the light incident on the first portion 61, the diffusion characteristic of the speckle reduction sheet 12 can be changed by changing the angle of the third portion 63. it can.

  The particles shown in FIG. 14 can be used as the transmissive speckle reduction sheet 12 by being rotated 90 degrees as shown in FIG. In order to rotate the particle 60 as shown in FIG. 15, an electric field may be applied to the inside of the particle layer 55 in a direction different from that of FIG. For example, the first electrodes 41 and the second electrodes 42 are alternately arranged in stripes only on the side opposite to the observer, and the electric field in the plane direction of the particle layer 55 at these electrodes 41 and 42, that is, FIG. Electric fields in different directions are formed by 90 degrees. More specifically, in this embodiment, the electric field formed in the surface direction of the particle layer 55 is periodically switched by applying an alternating voltage between the adjacent first electrode 41 and second electrode 42. Thereby, the particle | grains 60 located in the vicinity between corresponding 1st electrode 41 and 2nd electrode 42 rotate according to the frequency of alternating voltage.

  In each of the speckle reduction sheets 12 described above, the example in which the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are formed in a planar shape and disposed so as to sandwich the particle layer 55 is shown, but is not limited to this example. One or more of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 may be formed in a stripe shape. For example, in the example of FIG. 16, both the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are formed in a stripe shape. That is, the first electrode 41 has a plurality of linear electrode portions 41a extending linearly, and the plurality of linear electrode portions 41a are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. Similarly to the first electrode 41, the second electrode 42 also has a plurality of linear electrode portions 42a extending linearly, and the plurality of linear electrode portions 42a are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. . In the example shown in FIG. 16, the plurality of linear electrode portions 41 a forming the first electrode 41 and the plurality of linear electrode portions 42 a forming the second electrode 42 are both opposite to the observer of the particle sheet 50. It is arranged on the surface. The plurality of linear electrode portions 41a forming the first electrode 41 and the plurality of linear electrode portions 42a forming the second electrode 42 are alternately arranged along the same arrangement direction. Also by the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 shown in FIG. 16, an electric field can be formed in the particle layer 55 of the particle sheet 50 by applying a voltage from the power source 30.

  As shown in FIGS. 17A to 17C, the cavity 56 a included in each holding portion 56 in the particle layer 55 may be configured to include a single particle 60. FIG. 17A shows a holding part 56 including a single particle 60 in a single cavity 56a. FIG. 17B shows the holding unit 56 including single particles 60-1 and 60-2 in the two connected cavities 56a1 and 56a2. The movable ranges of the particles 60-1 and 60-2 are restricted by the corresponding cavities 56a1 and 56a2. FIG. 17C shows the holding unit 56 including single particles 60-1, 60-2, and 60-3 in the three connected cavities 56a1, 56a2, and 56a3. The movable ranges of the particles 60-1, 60-2, and 60-3 are restricted by the corresponding cavities 56a1, 56a2, and 56a3. As described above, even when a plurality of cavities are connected, when the movable ranges of the plurality of particles are arranged without overlapping, the cavity of the holding unit 56 is configured to include a single particle. Can be considered.

  The inner diameter of the cavity is not limited as long as it is larger than the outer diameter of the encapsulated particles. For example, the inner diameter of the cavity may be set to be 1.1 to 1.3 times the outer diameter of the particles to be included.

  Each speckle reduction sheet 12 described above prevents the speckles from being visually recognized by rotating the particles 60 in the particle layer 55 in accordance with the AC voltage applied to the electrodes. On the other hand, the speckles may not be visually recognized by moving the particles 60 in the particle layer 55 according to the AC voltage applied to the electrodes.

  18A and 18B are schematic views illustrating an example of an electrophoretic speckle reduction sheet 12. The speckle reduction sheet 12 of FIG. 18A has a structure in which two types of particles 60 that migrate in a solvent are sealed between two opposing electrodes 41 and 42. The two types of particles 60 have different polarities. An AC voltage is applied between the two electrodes 41 and 42. By applying an alternating voltage, one particle 60 moves in the direction of one electrode, and the other particle 60 moves in the direction of the other electrode. When the polarity of the AC voltage applied between the two electrodes 41 and 42 is reversed, the two types of particles 60 move to the electrodes in the opposite directions, respectively.

  In the electronic paper, the two types of particles 60 are colored in different colors, and the display color is varied according to the movement of the particles 60. However, when used as the transmission type speckle reduction sheet 12, two types of particles are used. It is desirable that both particles 60 be transparent. Each time the voltage polarity of the AC voltage is switched, the moving direction of the two types of particles 60 changes, so that the transmission characteristics of the speckle reduction sheet 12 change and the speckle becomes inconspicuous.

  When the structure of FIG. 18A is used as the transmissive speckle reduction sheet 12, both of the two types of particles 60 may be white, for example. Thereby, the image light from the projector 20 irradiated on the speckle reduction sheet 12 is reflected by the particles 60. Even in the transmission-type speckle reduction sheet 12 of FIG. 18A, since the two types of particles 60 move each time the voltage polarity of the AC voltage is switched, the reflection characteristics at the particles 60 change, and speckles are also conspicuous. Disappear.

  Instead of providing two types of particles 60 having different polarities as shown in FIG. 18A, particles 60 made of dipoles may be provided as shown in FIG. 18B. In this case, each time the voltage polarity of the AC voltage applied between the two electrodes 41 and 42 changes, each particle 60 vibrates. As a result, the transmission characteristics and reflection characteristics of the speckle reduction sheet 12 also change, and the speckle becomes inconspicuous.

  In FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B, the particles 60 are allowed to freely move between the two electrodes 41 and 42. However, when the area of the electrodes is large, some of the particles 60 remain in one place. There is a fear. For this reason, you may make it the pattern electrode which divided | segmented the electrode into the fine unit.

  18A and 18B allow a plurality of particles 60 to freely move between the two electrodes 41 and 42, but as shown in FIG. 18C, a microcapsule containing two types of particles 60 having different polarities. A plurality of microcapsules 64 may be arranged between the two electrodes 41 and 42. In addition, by using one electrode as a pattern electrode, the direction of the particles 60 in the microcapsule 64 can be varied for each electrode.

  As a modification of FIGS. 18A, 18B, and 18C, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, a plurality of cell portions 43 are provided along the sheet surface of the speckle reduction sheet 12, and an electrode is provided for each cell portion 43. By providing 41, the movement of the particles 60 may be controlled for each cell unit 43. In the partition structure as shown in FIG. 19A, each cell portion 43 is formed by two opposing substrates 44 and 45 and a partition portion 46. Such a structure can be formed relatively easily using photolithography and transfer techniques. Each cell part 43 may contain particles 60 or microcapsules 64 as shown in FIG. 18C.

  In the partition wall structure of FIG. 19B, irregularities are formed in the insulating layer 47 disposed on one electrode 42 by a molding process or the like, the particles 60 and the solvent 49 are filled in the concave portions 48, and the substrate 44 is disposed thereon. To prepare a microcup array. For example, by arranging the electrode 41 for each microcup, the movement of the particles 60 inside the microcup can be controlled for each microcup.

  In addition, the speckle reduction sheet 12 according to the present embodiment employs an electronic powder system that moves a plurality of particles 60 in a gas instead of adopting an electrophoresis method that moves the plurality of particles 60 in a liquid medium. May be adopted. For example, as shown in FIG. 20, each cell part 43 of the partition wall structure may be filled with a gas 53 and a plurality of powder particles 54. Here, the granular material 54 is a substance that exhibits fluidity without borrowing the power of gas or liquid. That is, the granular material 54 is an intermediate state having both characteristics of a particle and a liquid, and is a substance in a unique state that is hardly affected by gravity and exhibits high fluidity. Also in the case of FIG. 20, for example, by providing an electrode for each cell portion 43, the moving direction of the plurality of particles 60 can be varied for each cell, and speckle becomes inconspicuous.

  Further, the speckle reduction sheet 12 may employ an electrowetting method as shown in FIG. In the case of FIG. 21, each cell portion 43 of the partition wall structure is filled with water 68 and an oil film 69, and the oil film 69 is disposed on the dielectric layer 70. The contact angle of the oil film 69 changes according to the applied voltage of the electrodes 41 and 42 corresponding to each cell part 43, and the surface area of the oil film 69 can be varied. Thereby, the transmission characteristic and reflection characteristic of the speckle reduction sheet 12 change, and it becomes difficult for the speckle to be visually recognized.

  Although each of the speckle reduction sheets 12 described above is premised on using coherent light as a light source, the advantage that speckles are not conspicuous on the speckle reduction sheet 12 without taking measures against speckles on the light source side. Have For this reason, it is assumed that each speckle reduction sheet 12 mentioned above is used for various uses. Below, the typical usage form of each speckle reduction sheet 12 mentioned above is demonstrated. In addition, the speckle reduction sheet | seat 12 used by each usage type demonstrated below may be provided with the cross-sectional structure in any one of FIGS. 9-21 mentioned above. Or you may provide cross-sectional structures other than FIGS. However, the speckle reduction sheet 12 used in each of the following usage forms has a function of reducing speckle by causing at least one of rotation and movement of the particles 60 in the speckle reduction sheet 12. It is assumed.

  FIG. 22 shows an example in which a transmission diffusion layer 17 is provided between the speckle reduction sheet 12 and the half mirror 11. The transmission diffusion layer 17 in FIG. 22 has a function of diffusing when the projection light from the projector 20 is transmitted. The transmission diffusion layer 17 may be configured by the wavelength selection film described above, or may be provided separately from the wavelength selection film described above. For example, the transmission diffusion layer 17 may be provided in the speckle reduction sheet 12. As a more specific example, the transmission diffusion layer 17 may be provided between the second base material layer 52 and the second electrode 42 in the speckle reduction sheet 12. Instead of providing the transmission diffusion layer 17, for example, the second base material layer 52 may contain diffusion fine particles so that the second base material layer 52 has a function as the transmission diffusion layer 17. Alternatively, the holding part 56 of the particle layer 55 and the solvent 57 may contain diffusion fine particles so that the particle layer 55 has a function as a diffusion transmission layer.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the half mirror 11 is provided on the forefront of the screen 40, and in order to control whether or not the projection from the projector 20 to the screen 40 is performed according to the request of the observer. If necessary, the observer can use the screen 40 as a mirror for projecting his / her appearance on the screen 40 or project a composite image obtained by synthesizing his / her appearance and the projection image from the projector 20 onto the screen 40. . In addition, by allowing the projection light intensity projected from the projector 20 to the screen 40 to be switched in a plurality of ways, when the composite image is projected on the screen 40, which of its own image or the projected image is clearly displayed. Can be changed step by step.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, the half mirror 11 is provided on the forefront of the screen 40 and the display mode of the screen 40 is switched. However, the second embodiment described below uses a camera. The display mode is switched.

  FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the display device 1 according to the second embodiment. The display device 1 of FIG. 23 includes a camera 18 inside the housing 1a. 23 has a layer structure in which at least the half mirror 11 is omitted from the layer structure of the screen 40 in FIG. 23 may have a layer configuration in which the half mirror 11 and the diffusion layer are omitted from the layer configuration of the screen 40 in FIG.

  The display device 1 in FIG. 23 has, for example, a first display mode and a second display mode, similarly to the display device 1 according to the first embodiment. When the observer selects the first display mode, incident light from the observer side passes through the screen 40 and is photographed by the camera 18. The camera 18 is positioned so that the position of the screen 40 is in focus. The projector 20 emits an image captured by the camera 18 as projection image light. This projection image light is projected onto the screen 40, and an observer located on the front side of the screen 40 can visually recognize his / her appearance by the projection image on the screen 40.

  When the observer selects the second display mode, incident light from the observer side passes through the screen 40 and is photographed by the camera 18. The projector 20 emits, as projection image light, a third image obtained by synthesizing the second image generated separately from the captured image of the camera 18 (hereinafter referred to as the first image) with the first image. The projection image light is projected onto the screen 40, and the observer positioned on the front side of the screen 40, as shown in FIG. A third image synthesized with the image can be viewed.

  In the display device 1 of FIG. 23, as in the first embodiment, the observer can select the third display mode. When the observer selects the third display mode, when the first image captured by the camera 18 and the second image newly generated separately from the first image is synthesized. In addition, a third image in which the brightness of the second image is higher than that of the first image is generated, and the projector 20 emits projection image light for the third image. The projected image light is projected onto the screen 40, and the observer located on the front side of the screen 40 is more likely to be the first image than the first image, which is his / her appearance, as shown in FIG. 24B. Two images can be visually recognized more clearly. A third image in which the luminance ratio between the first image and the second image can be switched between two or more levels may be generated at the request of the observer.

  FIG. 25 is a block diagram of a control system of the display device 1 of FIG. The control system of the display device 1 in FIG. 25 includes a selection unit 15, a photographing unit 19, and a control device 35, and the control device 35 includes an image composition unit 22 and a projection control unit 16.

  The selection unit 15 selects a display mode of the screen 40 based on operation information by an observer of a physical selection button provided on the housing 1 a or a touch button of the screen 40. The photographing unit 19 is built in the camera 18 and photographs the appearance of the observer that has passed through the screen 40 to generate a first image. The image composition unit 22 outputs only the first image according to the display mode selected by the observer, or a third image obtained by compositing the second image generated separately from the first image with the first image. Output.

  The projection control unit 16 projects on the screen 40 whether or not to project the first image on the screen 40 according to the display mode selected by the observer, and the third image obtained by combining the first image and the second image. Whether to switch or not. Further, when projecting the third image onto the screen 40, the projection control unit 16 may switch and control the luminance ratio between the first image and the second image in the third image in a plurality of stages. That is, the image composition unit 22 generates a third image by setting the luminance ratio between the first image and the second image according to the display mode selected by the observer, and the projection control unit 16 selects the observer. The third image generated by the image composition unit 22 may be output according to the above.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the camera 18 built in the housing 1a captures the image of the observer that has passed through the screen 40 to generate the first image, and projects only the first image. In addition, in order to select whether to project the third image obtained by combining the first image and the second image according to the request of the observer, the display mode of the screen 40 can be switched without the half mirror 11.

  The aspect of the present invention is not limited to the individual embodiments described above, and includes various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art, and the effects of the present invention are not limited to the contents described above. That is, various additions, modifications, and partial deletions can be made without departing from the concept and spirit of the present invention derived from the contents defined in the claims and equivalents thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Display apparatus, 1a housing | casing, 11 Half mirror, 12 Speckle reduction sheet, 13 Lenticular layer, 14 Fresnel lens layer, 20 Projector, 35 Control apparatus, 36 Drive apparatus, 40 screen

Claims (13)

Screen,
A projection device for projecting light onto the screen;
A housing in which the screen is disposed on at least a part of the outer surface;
A half mirror that is attached to the housing and disposed closer to the viewer than the screen;
A display device comprising: a projection control unit that controls at least one of whether the projection device performs projection onto the screen and the intensity of light projected onto the screen by the projection device.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein when the observer uses the screen as a mirror, the projection control unit stops projection of the projection device onto the screen.   2. The projection control unit according to claim 1, wherein the projection control unit causes the projection device to perform projection on the screen when the observer desires a composite display of his / her appearance and a projection image by the projection device. Display device. The projection device can switch the projection light intensity of the screen in a plurality of ways,
The display device according to claim 3, wherein the projection control unit controls switching of the projection light intensity of the projection device according to a request of an observer. The projection device can switch the projection light intensity of the screen to a first light intensity and a second light intensity that is higher than the first light intensity,
The projection control unit includes a first display mode in which the observer uses the screen as a mirror, and a second display mode in which the projection light intensity by the projection device is set to the first light intensity according to a request of the observer. 5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein the display device switches to one of a third display mode in which a projection light intensity by the projection device is set to the second light intensity. Screen,
A projection device for projecting light onto the screen;
A housing in which the screen is disposed on at least a part of the outer surface;
A photographing unit for photographing the appearance of the observer that has passed through the screen and generating a first image;
Whether to project the first image on the screen or whether to project a third image obtained by combining a second image different from the first image with the first image to the screen is controlled. A display control unit.   7. The projection control unit according to claim 6, wherein when projecting the third image onto the screen, the projection control unit switches and controls a luminance ratio between the first image and the second image in the third image in a plurality of stages. Display device. A selection unit that allows an observer to select any display mode from a plurality of display modes related to the display mode of the screen;
The display device according to claim 1, wherein the projection control unit controls projection on the screen by the projection device based on a display mode selected by an observer by the selection unit.   The display device according to claim 8, wherein the selection unit includes at least one of a selection button provided on the housing and a touch sensor that detects whether or not a predetermined position on the screen is touched. The screen has a wavelength selective reflection layer that transmits light of one or more specific wavelength ranges and reflects light other than the specific wavelength ranges,
The display device according to claim 1, wherein the specific wavelength region is a wavelength region of light emitted from the projection device. The screen includes a sheet member having a control layer including a plurality of particles or a predetermined liquid, and an electrode that drives the plurality of particles or the predetermined liquid by applying a voltage to the control layer,
The plurality of particles or the predetermined liquid transmit or reflect light emitted from a light source disposed at a predetermined location,
The electrode causes at least one of movement and rotation of the plurality of particles within the control layer according to the voltage, or moves the predetermined liquid within the control layer according to the voltage. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the housing is a shelf.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the projection device is built in the housing.