RU2715789C1 - Device for dynamic holographic images creation in space - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: advertising and information technologies.

SUBSTANCE: device includes a light source, a laser projector, which additionally includes a unit for forming a base of a virtual screen in air, a unit of holographic plates, a logic unit and a control computer. Light source is connected to the laser projector through an optical splitter and comprises controlled drives. Unit of holographic plates is a multilayer optically transparent liquid crystal matrix consisting of separate optically transparent layers. Separate layer of optically transparent liquid crystal matrix includes two outer optically transparent plates, between which there are capillary channels with solution of optically transparent electrolyte having the same optical conductivity as outer optically transparent plates connected to external current leads and dot liquid crystal segments of separate layer of optically transparent liquid crystal matrix. On the front surfaces of each separate layer of the optically transparent liquid crystal matrix on its two optical plates on the outer side a thin film of metamaterial with a negative refraction index is applied.

EFFECT: in a block of holographic plates at different moments in time an image hologram and a hologram of a contrast virtual screen are formed, on which the image hologram is focused, and switching in a block of holographic plates of an image hologram to a hologram of a contrast virtual screen is carried out by a logic unit based on signals of the control computer, taking into account physiological parameters of inertia of human vision, which provide a cinematic principle.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of advertising and information technologies, including in the architectural environment, and in particular to devices for projecting information in space using objects of the architectural environment.

A device for displaying information is known, which is a panel with an information surface, consisting of a set of modules, each of which is made in the form of a spatial rigid frame in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, one of whose faces, which is an integral part of the information surface, is made in the form of a lightproof panel with a round hole. Moreover, each of the modules contains a hollow cylinder made of opaque material, made with the possibility of changing the position relative to the opaque panel, in one of which one of the bases of the cylinder is in the plane of the opaque panel, covering the round hole, in the other protrudes outside the opaque panel through the round hole with the formation of a shadow from the protruding part of the cylinder, ensuring the formation of an image on the information surface of the scoreboard (see RF patent No. 102137, IPC G09F 19/00).

However, this device provides a demonstration of a limited amount of information, requires a blank plane to place the device on it, not mobile, depending on weather conditions and time of day.

A device for demonstrating stereoscopic images is also known, in which the task of demonstrating stereoscopic images is solved by alternately and sequentially displayed on a common screen frames separated for viewing by the left and right eyes of the observer using an optical system including a uniform polarizer, a liquid crystal (LCD) cell as an optically active element with the function of changing the polarizing direction by 90 degrees, and an image analyzer formed by an LCD screen b without a polarizing filter, the glass substrates of which are made in the form of adjacent to each other horizontally alternating strips of polarizers with mutually orthogonal orientation of the plane of polarization (patent US 6348957, 02.19.2002).

The specified device has the following disadvantages:

- due to the sequential and sequential output of frames for the right and left eyes, the effect of “flickering” of the displayed stereo image is observed, therefore, to reduce this effect, the computer’s video system has increased requirements for the frequency of image regeneration, which leads to unjustified costs of machine resources;

- to output a static computer stereoscopic image, continuous cyclic output of the first right frame, then the left one is required, which forces the computer video system to continuously process large volumes of unchanging information;

- to view the stereo images of the observer, it is necessary to equip with special glasses, which is a certain inconvenience for him and reduces the effect of presence in the plot being shown, and in addition, the stereoscopic image can be observed only on a special screen.

A device for displaying advertising is also known. A virtual image is created in mid-air through the intersecting raster rays of the three laser projectors included in the device. At the beginning, a virtual dense, uniformly saturated flat light field is created in mid-air using two projectors onto which two-sided advertising images are projected using a third projector (RF patent for invention No. 2368958, IPC G09F 19/10).

However, this device involves the use of three projectors, which significantly increases the cost of the device, and also it does not have the ability to create a three-dimensional image.

A device for displaying information is known, which includes two laser projectors that can rotate each in the azimuthal and vertical planes, forming an image on the screen, a light source, a block of holographic plates with a device for changing plates when displaying images, mounted at the output of each laser projector along its optical axis. At the same time, the optical axes of each of the laser projectors are oriented at one point on the same area of space near the surface used as a screen to create a holographic image element during interference. For each laser projector in each block, each holographic plate consists of two parts forming half a hologram of the same image. The light source is connected to two laser projectors through an optical splitter (RF patent for utility model No. 146058 of 03/14/2014).

The disadvantage of this device is the limited amount of information for demonstration, due to the limited capacity of the blocks of holographic plates with a device for changing plates when displaying images installed at the output of each laser projector along its optical axis.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for creating dynamic holographic images in space, including two laser projectors, with the possibility of rotation in the azimuth and vertical plane, forming an image on the screen, a light source, a block of holographic plates mounted at the output of each laser projector by its optical axis, which is a multilayer optically transparent liquid crystal matrix consisting of separate optically transparent layers, what is a separate layer of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix includes two external optically transparent plates, between which capillary channels are placed with a solution of an optically transparent electrolyte having the same optical conductivity as the external optically transparent plates connected to external current leads and point liquid crystal segments of a separate layer optically transparent liquid crystal matrix, on the front surfaces of each individual layer is optically transparent of the liquid crystal matrix on its two optical plates, a thin film of metamaterial is deposited on the outside with a negative refractive index equal to the refractive index of the outer optical plate of a separate layer of the optically transparent liquid crystal matrix; the optical axes of each of the laser projectors are oriented at one point on the same area of space near the surface used as a screen to create a holographic image element, and the light source is connected to two laser projectors through an optical splitter and contains controlled drives for controlling orientation of the optical axis of each of the laser projectors (RF patent for utility model No. 183810 dated 10/05/2017) - (prototype).

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the lack of clarity and contrast of the image due to interference and distortion due to the overlap at the projection point of two simultaneously transmitted images, as well as the significant complexity and increased power consumption associated with the use of two laser projectors in the analogue.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device with improved information capabilities, providing the formation of a volumetric virtual dynamic image of high definition and contrast in space at different times of the day using building facades or other planes solely as a background to improve the perception of the information displayed, as well as reducing complexity and device power consumption.

The essence of the claimed invention is characterized by the fact that in the device for creating dynamic holographic images in space, including two laser projectors, with the possibility of rotation in the azimuthal and vertical planes forming an image on the screen, a light source, a block of holographic plates mounted at the output of each laser projector its optical axis, which is a multilayer optically transparent liquid crystal matrix consisting of separate optically transparent layers ev, moreover, a separate layer of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix includes two external optically transparent plates, between which capillary channels are placed with a solution of optically transparent electrolyte having the same optical conductivity as the external optically transparent plates connected to external current leads and point liquid crystal segments a separate layer of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix, on the frontal surfaces of each individual layer of optically transparent a thin liquid film of a metamaterial with a negative refractive index equal to the refractive index of the outer optical plate of a separate layer of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix on its two optical plates on its two optical plates; the optical axes of each of the laser projectors are oriented at one point on the same area of space near the surface used as a screen to create a holographic image element, and the light source is connected to two laser projectors through an optical splitter and contains controlled drives for controlling orientation of the optical axis of each of the laser projectors, one laser projector is used, which additionally includes a unit for forming the base of the virtual screen in the air and bl logic, moreover, in the block of holographic plates at different times, a hologram of the image and a hologram of the contrast virtual screen are formed, on which the hologram of the image is focused, and switching in the block of holographic plates of the hologram of the image on the hologram of the contrast virtual screen is performed by the logic unit according to the signals of the control computer, taking into account physiological the inertia parameters of human vision, providing a cinematic principle.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution lies in the fact that one laser projector is used, which additionally includes a block for forming the basis of a virtual screen in the air and a logic block, moreover, a hologram of the image and a hologram of a contrast virtual screen are formed in the block of holographic plates (at different times) on which the hologram of the image is focused, and switching in the block of holographic plates of the hologram of the image to the hologram of the contrast virtual screen is carried out tvlyaetsya logic unit the signals of the control computer with the physiological parameters of human vision persistence providing cinematic principle.

We point out that to create a moving image, including in cinematography, two basic principles are used - the division of motion into phases (frames) and the effect of the after-vision. The cinematic principle is that when demonstrating successive still frames carrying an image of an object, at a certain speed, an illusion of the movement of the object appears. In order for the shape of objects to change smoothly, at least 12 ... 16 frames must change on the screen in one second. Also, this principle of simulating motion is called animation.

The visual analyzer and the cerebral cortex participate in creating the illusion of movement. A person’s vision is inertial, and inertia of vision means the property of the eye to maintain an image for about 0.1 sec. The inertia of vision determines the speed with which frames must change: the time between frames should be less than the time of inertia of vision. In this case, the effect of overlapping two consecutive frames occurs. Here are a few examples:

modern cinema: film speed - 24 frames / sec (time between frames 1/24 sec);

television standard (PAL / SECAM) - 25 frames / sec (time between frames 1/25 sec);

American television standard (NTSC) - 30 frames / sec (time between frames 1/30 sec).

Therefore, in reality, any film is a figment of the imagination - still frames are displayed on the screen; and how the object moved from the position on one frame to the position on the next frame, the viewer "creates" himself, relying on his own life and visual experience.

Due to the design of the block of holographic plates, the proposed device implements the creation and quick change during the demonstration of a larger number of generated volumetric virtual dynamic images in space at different times of the day using building facades or other planes, solely as a background to improve the perception of the information displayed, and also increases the reliability and information content of the generated image, for example, in cinema and theater productions, when creating special effects.

The use of only one laser projector, which additionally includes a block for forming the base of a virtual screen in the air and a logic block, together with a block of holographic plates, in which a hologram of an image and a hologram of a contrast virtual screen are formed on which the hologram of the image is focused, with switching in the block of holographic plates of the hologram of the image on the hologram of the contrasting virtual screen by the logic unit according to the signals of the control computer A series of physiological parameters of the inertia of human vision, providing the cinematic principle, compared with the prototype increases the clarity and contrast of the realized images due to the lack of interference of images, and also reduces the complexity and power consumption of the device.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-3, where the positions 1-18 are indicated:

1 - light source;

2 - optical splitter;

3 - block laser projectors;

4 - block holographic plates;

5 - control drive unit laser projectors;

6 - control computer;

7 - surface created and used as a screen;

8 - image;

9 - a multilayer optically transparent LCD matrix;

10, 12 — layer of a multilayer optically transparent LCD matrix;

11 - current lead;

13 - external optical plates;

14 - capillary channels;

15 - point LCD segments;

16 - a thin film of metamaterial;

17 - block logic;

18 - block forming the basis of the virtual screen in the air.

The proposed device for creating dynamic holographic images in space includes a light source 1, an optical splitter 2, a block of a laser projector 3, which is configured to move (turn) in the azimuthal plane and in a vertical plane, which further includes a virtual screen base forming unit in the air 18; a block of holographic plates 4, mounted at the output of each laser projector along its optical axis, a control drive of a block of laser projectors 5, a control computer 6, a logic block 17.

The device operates as follows. When the device is operating, a light source 1 is used, the rays of which first pass through a standard optical fiber in optical splitter 2 and are divided into several (1, 3, 5 ..) rays. At the exit of the optical splitter 2, for each corresponding beam of the light source 1, a laser projector unit 3 is installed, capable of being rotated in the azimuthal and vertical plane, including an additional unit for forming the base of the virtual screen in the air 18; and at the output of the laser projector of block 3, a block of holographic plates 4 is installed along its optical axis 4. Moreover, the optical axis of the laser projector of block 3 is oriented at one point on the same area of space near the surface created and used as screen 7 to create an image 8.

Note that at present there are various devices that form a three-dimensional image in space, but they need a certain environment to create an image, for example, steam, fog and more.

An image projector of various types, including a laser projector, when it is functioning, must project an image onto something. In this case, the screen can be any, including microparticles suspended in the air (microdrops) of dust, water, fog, smoke, located in the same plane, can also serve as a screen.

For example, a well-known device developed and constantly improved at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, (AIST), for example, see the official websites: http: : //www.aist.go.jp; http://www.pinktentacle.com; http://www.ixbt.com and others), which uses lasers to create three-dimensional images in open space. AIST developed the projector in collaboration with Keio University and Burton Inc. (Kawasaki), Japan. The developed device creates "real" volumetric images. For this, laser light is used, which is focused using lenses at points in space behind the projector and creates a process of plasma emission of nitrogen and oxygen at these points. The laser operates in the infrared range of the light invisible to the human eye, creating an emission that causes a glow. Due to the fact that the emission continues for a limited time, the device is able to reproduce including three-dimensional figures, moving the focus point.

To create an image, this device uses an infrared laser operating with a frequency f = 0.1 ... 1 (kHz), which ionizes air molecules at certain points in such a way that viewers see as if the light source is "hanging" in the air, that is, certain points in the air begin to emit photons, (that is, light of a certain wavelength). At the same time, choosing the laser wavelength, frequency, radiation power, moving the focus point, you can get in space a kind of "darkened" region, for example, a rectangular shape of a certain size, that is, a region in space, the points of which emit photons into space, for example, violet color of the corresponding intensity, which is the basis for the subsequent formation of a virtual screen in the air.

Therefore, when the claimed device is operated, the virtual screen base forming unit in air 18, additionally located in the block of the laser projector 3, functions continuously, forming in the space a “darkened” region, for example, a rectangular shape of a certain size, that is, a region in space whose points emit into the space of photons, for example, of violet color of the corresponding intensity, which is the basis for the subsequent formation of a virtual screen in the air.

For a laser projector of block 3, in a block of holographic plates 4, at different times, a hologram of an image and a hologram of a contrast virtual screen are formed, on which the hologram of the image is focused, and projection of image 8 completely arises on the same area of space near the surface created and used as screen 7, or also at the surface, which can be used as screen 7.

Switching in the block of holographic plates 4 of the hologram of the image to the hologram of the contrast virtual screen is carried out by the logic unit 17 according to the signals of the control computer 6, taking into account the physiological parameters of the inertia of human vision, providing the cinematic principle.

In the logic block 17, when demonstrating the changing holograms of the image 8 created in the block of holographic plates 4, a constant periodic switching by the signal of the control computer 6 of the indicated image holograms to the hologram of the contrast virtual screen 7 occurs; namely, for example, taking into account the inertia of vision, when demonstrating 24 holograms of the image in 1 second, every 11 (23) holograms of the image 8 switches over and the hologram of the contrast virtual screen 7 is shown.

To improve the information capabilities of the proposed device, a block of holographic plates 4 is used, which is a multilayer optically transparent LCD matrix 9, consisting of n-separate optically transparent layers 10, 12 (where n = 10 ... 20). Moreover, a separate layer 10, 12 of a multilayer optically transparent LCD matrix 9 includes two outer optical plates 13, between which capillary channels are placed with a solution of optically transparent electrolyte 14 having the same optical conductivity as the outer optical plates 13 connected by current leads 11, serving for supplying voltage control signals to the LCD dot segments 15 of a separate layer 10, 12 of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix. When a voltage control signal is applied through current leads 11 and capillary channels 14, each LCD dot segment 15 of each individual layer 10, 12 of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix 9 changes its own transparency (in the range from completely transparent to completely opaque), thereby forming the required the original holographic plate, and in another block a hologram of the contrast virtual screen is formed, on which the hologram of the image is focused. The voltage control signal through current leads 11 and capillary channels 14 to each LCD dot segment 15 of each individual layer 10,12 of the optically transparent liquid crystal matrix 9 is received from the control computer 6, in memory of which prior to the demonstration images of layers of the same set of layers were written in layers holograms.

Since the block of holographic plates 4 is a multilayer optically transparent LCD matrix 9, consisting of n-separate optically transparent layers (where n = 10 ... 20), and each individual layer 10,12 of the optically transparent LCD matrix 9 includes two external optical plates 13 to eliminate the influence of multiple refraction of the illuminating plate of the laser beam from the laser projector of block 3 as it passes through each separate layer of the optically transparent LCD matrix 9, on the outer front surfaces of each individual In the case of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix 9, a thin film of metamaterial 16 is deposited on its two outer optical plates 13 with a negative refractive index equal to and opposite in sign to the refractive index of the outer optical plate 13 of a separate layer of the optically transparent liquid crystal matrix 9.

To date, a three-dimensional metamaterial has been created in the visible light range, as well as a three-dimensional metamaterial for infrared rays (see, for example, Reversing Light with Negative Refraction. John B. Pendry and David R. Smith // Physics Today. Vol. 57. No. 6. P. 37-43. June 2004; Negative-Refraction Metamaterials: Fundamental Principles and Applications. GV Eleftheriades and K. Balmain. Wiley-IEEE Press, 2005.), which can be used in the inventive device.

In order to create different holographic image elements from the same light source and optical splitter, several blocks of laser projectors can be used (shown in dashed lines in Fig. 1), consisting of each of the following laser projectors, with the orientation of the optical axis of each laser projectors of the block along the azimuthal and vertical plane to subsequent points on the same piece of space near the surface, at different times, a hologram of the image and ogramma contrast of the virtual screen on which the focused image hologram, and switching in the block plates 4 hologram holographic image on the hologram contrast virtual display logic block 17 carried by signals of the control computer 6 considering the inertia of physiological parameters of human vision, provide cinematic principle.

When each of the following parts of the holographic plates is synchronously created in the block of holographic plates — by a corresponding change in the optical transparency in the corresponding point segments on the surface and inside the volume of the optically transparent liquid crystal matrix, for example, by the signal from the control computer 6, the subsequent “replacement” of the created holographic plates occurs and new holographic three-dimensional image. Moreover, at a playback speed of 24 images per second, such a device can be used as a projection system of 3D images for cinema and television broadcasts, which does not require, in particular, special glasses when viewed to create a stereoscopic effect.

As a surface used as a screen, in addition to the generated hologram of a contrasting virtual screen, for example, a wall of a building or a special structure can be used, and if necessary, a holographic three-dimensional image can be created in any pre-selected area of space (even without a surface used as a screen).

Claims (1)

A device for creating dynamic topographic images in space, including two laser projectors, with the possibility of rotation in the azimuthal and vertical planes, forming an image on the screen, a light source, a block of holographic plates mounted at the output of each laser projector along its optical axis, which is a multilayer an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix consisting of separate optically transparent layers, with a separate layer of an optically transparent liquid crystal The matrix contains two external optically transparent plates, between which capillary channels are placed with a solution of an optically transparent electrolyte having the same optical conductivity as the external optically transparent plates connected to the external current leads and point liquid crystal segments of a separate layer of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix, on the front surfaces of each individual layer of an optically transparent liquid crystal matrix on its two optical Lastin applied on the outer side thin film metamaterial with negative refractive index equal in the refractive index of the outer optical plate individual layer of optically transparent liquid crystal matrix; the optical axes of each of the laser projectors are oriented at one point on the same area of space near the surface used as a screen to create a holographic image element, and the light source is connected to two laser projectors through an optical splitter and contains controlled drives for controlling orientation of the optical axis of each of the laser projectors, characterized in that the device uses one laser projector, which further includes a base forming unit a virtual screen in the air and a logic block, moreover, a hologram of an image and a hologram of a contrast virtual screen are formed at different times in the block of holographic plates, on which the hologram of the image is focused, and switching in the block of holographic plates of the hologram of the image on the hologram of the contrast virtual screen is performed by the signal logic block control computer, taking into account the physiological parameters of the inertia of human vision, providing cinematic ntsip.

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