JP2018177645A - Wild animal repellent - Google Patents
Wild animal repellent Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018177645A JP2018177645A JP2017074049A JP2017074049A JP2018177645A JP 2018177645 A JP2018177645 A JP 2018177645A JP 2017074049 A JP2017074049 A JP 2017074049A JP 2017074049 A JP2017074049 A JP 2017074049A JP 2018177645 A JP2018177645 A JP 2018177645A
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- wild animal
- animal repellent
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- damage
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 82
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 13
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000283007 Cervus nippon Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000282817 Bovidae Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000282994 Cervidae Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 241000415048 Anemone hupehensis Species 0.000 description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000005870 Ziram Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 241000723436 Chamaecyparis obtusa Species 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282454 Ursus arctos Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001083548 Anemone Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001481787 Capricornis sumatraensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000006104 Salvia roemeriana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000122595 Salvia roemeriana Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000282453 Ursus americanus Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124447 delivery agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKZWIGBDHYSGI-UCSXVCBISA-L disodium;(6r,7r)-7-[[(2e)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[1-[2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazinyl]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]oxyiminoacetyl]amino]-3-[(2-carboxylato-5-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)sulfanylmethyl]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2. Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].N([C@H]1[C@@H]2N(C1=O)C(=C(CS2)CSC1=CC(=NC2=NC(=NN21)C([O-])=O)C)C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(\C=1N=C(N)SC=1)=N\OC(C)(C)C(=O)NNC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 JSKZWIGBDHYSGI-UCSXVCBISA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- VMSRVIHUFHQIAL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;n,n-dimethylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Na+].CN(C)C([S-])=S VMSRVIHUFHQIAL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、安価で、安全性が高く、かつ、野生獣による植物の食害や剥被害を十分に防止する効果を有する野生獣忌避剤に関する。 The present invention relates to a wild animal repellent agent which is inexpensive, highly safe, and has an effect of sufficiently preventing feeding damage and exfoliation of plants by wild animals.
近年、ニホンシカ、カモシカ、ウサギ、ネズミ、ツキノワグマ、ヒグマ等の野生獣による樹木の枝、幹部の食害及び剥皮害、並びに、リンゴ、カンキツ等の果実の食害等、農林業における野生獣による食害及び剥被害は、拡大の一途をたどっている。 In recent years, feeding damage and peeling of tree branches by wild beasts such as Japanese deer, antelope deer, rabbits, rats, black bears and brown bears, and eating damage and exfoliation of trunks, and eating damage of fruits such as apples and citrus, etc. The damage is ever increasing.
このような、植物の食害及び剥被害を防止するために、従来から、金属網等を用いて物理的に野生獣を忌避する方法と、野生獣忌避剤を散布又は塗布して化学的に野生獣を忌避する方法が用いられてきた。しかしながら、金属網等を用いて物理的に野生獣を忌避する方法は、該当する地域に幅広く金属網等を設置する必要があり、設置のために多くの費用を必要とすることが知られていた。また、経時的な劣化が発生することや、金属網等が野生獣により破られることもあり、設置後の管理に相応の困難が伴う場合もあった。そのため、現在は、野生獣忌避剤により化学的に野生獣を忌避する方法が用いられることも多い。 In order to prevent such feeding damage and exfoliation of plants, conventionally, a method of physically repelling wild animals using a metal mesh or the like, and spraying or applying a wild animal repellent agent to chemically Methods of repelling the beast have been used. However, it is known that the method of physically repelling wild animals using metal mesh etc. requires the installation of metal mesh etc widely in the corresponding area and requires a large cost for the installation. The In addition, deterioration with time may occur, and metal nets and the like may be broken by wild beasts, so that management after installation may be accompanied by corresponding difficulties. Therefore, at present, methods of chemically repelling wild animals with wild animal repellents are often used.
野生獣忌避剤としては、主として、ジラム水和剤やチウラムペースト製剤等の、有機硫黄系化合物を有効成分とする野生獣忌避剤が、スギ、ヒノキ、カラマツ、西洋なし等に対する食害や剥被害を防止するために長年用いられてきた。有機硫黄系化合物を有効成分とする野生獣忌避剤は、法定の基準を満たしているものの、風雨等により土壌や河川に流出し、又は、空気中に飛散することで、人畜に対する刺激性や魚毒性等を生じることが懸念されており、近年では、より安全性の高い野生獣忌避剤が求められている。 As a wild animal repellent agent, a wild animal repellent agent containing an organic sulfur compound as an active ingredient, such as a ziram wettable powder and a thiuram paste preparation, mainly prevents eating damage and peeling damage to cedar, cypress, larch, western trees etc. It has been used for many years. Although wild animal repellents containing organic sulfur compounds as active ingredients meet legal standards, they will flow into soil or rivers due to wind and rain, etc., or they may be irritating to humans and animals and fish by scattering in the air. There is a concern that toxicity will occur, and in recent years, a safer wild animal repellent agent is required.
安全性の高い野生獣忌避剤として、特許文献１には、乾燥卵黄を含有することを特徴とする野生獣忌避剤が開示されている。また、特許文献２には、濃縮前重量と濃縮後重量の比率である濃縮度が、２０％から５０％である、穀物酢、果実酢、米酢、又は、米黒酢の濃縮液からなる野生獣忌避剤が開示されている。 As a highly safe wild animal repellent agent, Patent Document 1 discloses a wild animal repellent agent characterized by containing dried egg yolk. Further, Patent Document 2 is composed of a concentrated solution of cereal vinegar, fruit vinegar, rice vinegar, or rice black vinegar, which has a concentration ratio of 20% to 50%, which is a ratio of weight before concentration and weight after concentration. Wild animal repellents are disclosed.
しかしながら、特許文献１及び特許文献２に記載の野生獣忌避剤は、有効成分が食品由来の原料であるため、安全性が高い点では有用であったが、野生獣を忌避するための効力が十分ではなかったという問題があった。また、食品をさらに乾燥又は濃縮したものを含有することから、化学的に合成される有機硫黄系化合物を含有する野生獣忌避剤と比較して、よりコストがかかる問題もあった。したがって、本発明は、以上の点の課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、安価で、安全性が高く、かつ、野生獣による植物の食害や剥被害を十分に防止する効果を有する野生獣忌避剤を提供することを目的とする。 However, the wild animal repellent described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 is useful in terms of high safety because the active ingredient is a food-derived material, but the efficacy for repelling wild animals is There was a problem that it was not enough. In addition, there is also a problem that it is more expensive as compared with a wild animal repellent containing an organic sulfur compound chemically synthesized, since the food is further dried or concentrated. Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the problems described above, and is a cheap and safe wild animal repellent having the effect of sufficiently preventing feeding damage and peeling damage to plants by wild animals. The purpose is to provide an agent.
本発明の発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため、鋭意研究を行った。その結果、野生獣忌避剤に有効成分として元素状硫黄を含有させることにより、上記課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。具体的には、本発明は以下のものを提供する。 The inventors of the present invention conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems. As a result, it is found that the above problems can be solved by incorporating elemental sulfur as an active ingredient in a wild animal repellent, and the present invention has been completed. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.
（１）本発明の第１の態様は、有効成分として元素状硫黄を含有し、野生獣による植物の食害及び剥被害を防止する効果を有する、野生獣忌避剤である。 (1) A first aspect of the present invention is a wild animal repellent containing elemental sulfur as an active ingredient and having the effect of preventing eating damage and peeling damage of plants by wild animals.
（２）本発明の第２の態様は、（１）に記載の野生獣忌避剤であって、元素状硫黄の濃度が４０００ｐｐｍ以上１０００００ｐｐｍ以下の範囲で使用されることを特徴とするものである。 (2) A second aspect of the present invention is the wild animal repellent according to (1), characterized in that the concentration of elemental sulfur is used in the range of 4000 ppm to 100,000 ppm. .
（３）本発明の第３の態様は、（１）又は（２）に記載の野生獣忌避剤であって、さらに、展着剤を含有することを特徴とするものである。 (3) A third aspect of the present invention is the wild animal repellent agent according to (1) or (2), further comprising a spreading agent.
（４）本発明の第４の態様は、（３）に記載の野生獣忌避剤であって、１００質量部の元素状硫黄に対して、展着剤の含有量が１質量部以上４０質量部以下、であることを特徴とするものである。 (4) The 4th aspect of this invention is a wild animal repellent agent as described in (3), Comprising: Content of a spreading agent is 1 mass part or more and 40 mass with respect to 100 mass parts elemental sulfur. It is characterized by being a part or less.
（５）本発明の第５の態様は、（３）又は（４）に記載の野生獣忌避剤であって、展着剤が、ラノリン、パーム蝋、蜜蝋及び松ヤニの群から選択されるいずれか一種の天然脂質であることを特徴とするものである。 (5) A fifth aspect of the present invention is the wild animal repellent agent according to (3) or (4), wherein the spreading agent is selected from the group of lanolin, palm wax, beeswax and pine jani. It is characterized by being any one kind of natural lipid.
（６）本発明の第６の態様は、（１）から（５）のいずれかに記載の野生獣忌避剤であって、野生獣が哺乳動物であることを特徴とするものである。 (6) A sixth aspect of the present invention is the wild animal repellent agent according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the wild animal is a mammal.
本発明の野生獣忌避剤は、有効成分として、工業的に生産できる元素状硫黄を含有するため、従来の有機硫黄系化合物を有効成分とする野生獣忌避剤や乾燥又は濃縮された食品を含有する野生獣忌避剤と比較して安価である。また、元々土壌に含まれる元素状硫黄を有効成分としているため、安全性が高く、野生獣による植物の食害及び剥被害を十分に防止することができる。 Since the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention contains elemental sulfur which can be industrially produced as an active ingredient, it contains a wild animal repellent agent containing a conventional organic sulfur compound as an active ingredient and dried or concentrated food. Compared to wild animal repellents. In addition, since elemental sulfur originally contained in the soil is used as an active ingredient, it is highly safe and can sufficiently prevent eating damage and peeling damage to plants by wild animals.
以下、本発明について、詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
＜野生獣忌避剤＞
本発明の野生獣忌避剤は、有効成分として元素状硫黄を含有する。
［元素状硫黄］
本発明の野生獣忌避剤に用いられる元素状硫黄とは、ジラム、チウラム等の有機硫黄系化合物ではなく、硫黄元素単体として存在する硫黄を指す。元素状硫黄は、加熱水蒸気を鉱床に送り込み、液化した硫黄を地表まで汲み上げた後に冷やして凝固させる、フラッシュ法により採取されていた時代もあったが、現在では、技術の進歩及び硫黄の価格の下落により、フラッシュ法による硫黄の採取は行われておらず、元素状硫黄を得る方法として、石油精製の脱硫工程により副産物として発生する硫化水素含有ガスを、部分酸化反応により元素状硫黄として回収するクラウス式熱回収装置を使用する方法が主として用いられている。このように本発明に用いられる元素状硫黄は、例えば、石油精製の過程で発生する副産物から工業的に生産することができるため、本発明の野生獣忌避剤は、乾燥又は濃縮された食品を含有する野生獣忌避剤と比較して安価である。
<Wild beast repellent>
The wild animal repellent agent of the present invention contains elemental sulfur as an active ingredient.
[Elemental sulfur]
Elemental sulfur used for the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention refers to sulfur which is not an organic sulfur compound such as ziram or thiuram but is present as a sulfur element alone. Elemental sulfur was sent to the deposit by heating steam, pumped down to the surface after liquefied sulfur was cooled and solidified, and there was also a time when it was collected by the flash method, but at present, technological advances and the price of sulfur Due to the decline, the collection of sulfur by the flash method has not been carried out, and as a method of obtaining elemental sulfur, hydrogen sulfide-containing gas generated as a by-product in the desulfurization step of petroleum refining is recovered as elemental sulfur by partial oxidation reaction The method of using a Claus type heat recovery apparatus is mainly used. Thus, since the elemental sulfur used in the present invention can be industrially produced from by-products generated in the process of petroleum refining, for example, the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention can be used to It is inexpensive compared to the wild animal repellent agent contained.
また、有機硫黄系化合物には、特有の刺激臭が存在するが、元素状硫黄は無臭である。このため、本発明の野生獣忌避剤を散布又は塗布する周辺地域において、悪臭が発生することもない。また、元素状硫黄は、もともと土壌に含まれている成分であるため、本発明の野生獣忌避剤を散布又は塗布しても、土壌汚染を引き起こすことはない。また、元素状硫黄は化学的な安定性が高く反応性も低いことから、有機硫黄系化合物を含有する野生獣忌避剤よりも安全性が高い。よって、本発明の野生獣忌避剤は、安価で、安全性が高く、かつ、野生獣による植物の食害や剥被害を十分に防止することができる。なお、本発明の野生獣忌避剤を用いる対象となる野生獣としては、食害又は剥被害の原因となる哺乳動物である、二ホンシカ、カモシカ、ウサギ等の草食哺乳動物又はネズミ、ツキノワグマ、ヒグマ等の雑食哺乳動物が挙げられる。 In addition, the organic sulfur compounds have a pungent odor specific to them, but elemental sulfur is odorless. Therefore, no offensive odor is generated in the surrounding area where the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention is applied or applied. In addition, since elemental sulfur is a component originally contained in the soil, the application of the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention does not cause soil pollution. In addition, elemental sulfur has higher chemical stability and lower reactivity, so it is safer than wild animal repellents containing organic sulfur compounds. Therefore, the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention is inexpensive, highly safe, and can sufficiently prevent eating damage and exfoliation of plants by wild animals. In addition, as a wild animal to which the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention is applied, herbivorous mammals such as two-faced deer, antelope, rabbit and the like which are mammals causing feeding damage or exfoliation damage or rat, black-and-white bear, brown bear etc. And omnivorous mammals.
また、本発明の野生獣忌避剤は、元素状硫黄の濃度を４０００ｐｐｍ以上１０００００ｐｐｍ以下の範囲で使用することが好ましく、１００００ｐｐｍ以上６００００ｐｐｍ以下の範囲で使用することがより好ましく、１００００ｐｐｍ以上３００００ｐｐｍ以下で使用することがさらに好ましい。元素状硫黄の濃度をこのような範囲にすることにより、効果的に野生獣による植物の食害及び剥被害を防止できる。 Moreover, it is preferable to use the density | concentration of elemental sulfur in the range of 4000 ppm or more and 100000 ppm or less, it is more preferable to use it in the range of 10000 ppm or more and 60000 ppm or less, and the wild animal repellent agent of this invention is used in 10000 ppm or more and 30000 ppm or less It is further preferable to do. By setting the concentration of elemental sulfur in this range, it is possible to effectively prevent eating damage and exfoliation of plants by wild animals.
［展着剤］
本発明の野生獣忌避剤は、野生獣忌避剤の表面張力を下げ、有効成分である元素状硫黄の植物への付着性及び固着性を向上させるために、さらに、展着剤を含有することが好ましい。このような効果を有する展着剤としては、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、リグニンスルホン酸塩、ナフチルメタンスルホン酸塩等の有機化合物、又は、ラノリン、パーム蝋、蜜蝋及び松ヤニ等の天然脂質が挙げられるが、本発明に用いる展着剤としては、安全性の観点から、ラノリン、パーム蝋、蜜蝋及び松ヤニの群から選択されるいずれか一種の天然脂質を用いることが好ましく、本発明の野生獣忌避剤の効果をより持続させることのできるラノリンを用いることがより好ましい。
[Delivery agent]
The wild animal repellent agent of the present invention further contains a spreading agent in order to lower the surface tension of the wild animal repellent agent and to improve the adhesion and fixation of the elemental sulfur which is the active ingredient to the plant. Is preferred. Spreading agents having such an effect include organic compounds such as polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, lignin sulfonate, naphthyl methane sulfonate, etc., or lanolin, Although natural lipids such as palm wax, beeswax and pine yani may be mentioned, as the spreading agent used in the present invention, from the viewpoint of safety, any one selected from the group of lanolin, palm wax, beeswax and pine yani It is preferable to use the natural lipid of the present invention, and it is more preferable to use lanolin which can more sustain the effect of the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention.
また、本発明の野生獣忌避剤が展着剤を含有する場合、展着剤の含有量は、１００質量部の元素状硫黄に対して、１質量部以上４０質量部以下であることが好ましく、５質量部以上３０質量部以下であることがより好ましい。展着剤の含有量をこのような範囲にすることで、有効成分としての元素状硫黄の野生獣を忌避する効果を持続させることができる。 When the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention contains a spreading agent, the content of the spreading agent is preferably 1 part by mass to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of elemental sulfur. And 5 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less. By setting the content of the spreading agent in such a range, the effect of repellent elemental sulfur as an active ingredient can be sustained.
（ラノリン）
本発明に用いる展着剤としては、ラノリンを用いることが好ましい。ラノリンは、羊毛に付着している分泌物を精製・脱水したものであり、高級脂肪酸と高級アルコールとのエステルを主成分とした蝋状の物質である。ラノリンには、粗ラノリンと粗ラノリンから各純度に精製した精製ラノリンが存在するが、本発明において展着剤として用いる場合には、特に限定されず、粗ラノリン及び精製ラノリンのいずれも用いることができる。
(Lanolin)
As the spreading agent used in the present invention, lanolin is preferably used. Lanolin is a purified and dehydrated secretion attached to wool and is a wax-like substance mainly composed of an ester of a higher fatty acid and a higher alcohol. As lanolin, there are purified lanolin purified from crude lanolin and crude lanolin to each purity, but when it is used as a spreader in the present invention, it is not particularly limited, and either crude lanolin or purified lanolin may be used. it can.
ラノリンは、蝋状の物質であるため、本発明の野生獣忌避剤にラノリンを含有させる場合には、野生獣忌避剤に含まれる元素状硫黄及びラノリンの分散性を向上させるために、乳化処理を行い、本発明の野生獣忌避剤をフロアブル製剤又はペースト製剤とすることが好ましい。 Since lanolin is a waxy substance, when the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention contains lanolin, it is emulsified to improve the dispersibility of elemental sulfur and lanolin contained in the wild animal repellent agent. Preferably, the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention is a flowable preparation or a paste preparation.
（界面活性剤）
本発明の野生獣忌避剤には、有効成分の分散性及び野生獣忌避剤の乳化状態を向上させるために、界面活性剤を含有させることができる。界面活性剤としては、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル等の非イオン性界面活性剤、リグニンスルホン酸塩、ナフタレンスルホン酸塩等のアニオン性界面活性剤を用いることができる。
(Surfactant)
The wild animal repellent agent of the present invention can contain a surfactant to improve the dispersibility of the active ingredient and the emulsified state of the wild animal repellent agent. As the surfactant, nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, and anionic surfactants such as lignin sulfonate and naphthalene sulfonate can be used.
（溶媒）
本発明の野生獣忌避剤には、野生獣忌避剤の有効成分である元素状硫黄の濃度を調整するために、又は、野生獣忌避剤の使用時に野生獣忌避剤を希釈するために、溶媒を用いることができる。このような目的に適した溶媒としては、主に水を用いることができる。
(solvent)
In the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention, a solvent is used to adjust the concentration of elemental sulfur which is an active ingredient of the wild animal repellent agent, or to dilute the wild animal repellent agent when using the wild animal repellent agent. Can be used. As a solvent suitable for such purpose, water can be mainly used.
（増粘剤）
本発明の野生獣忌避剤には、粘性を付与するために、又は、元素状硫黄及び展着剤の沈降を防止するために、増粘剤を含有させることができる。本発明に用いる増粘剤としては、キサンタンガム、グァーガム、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン、カルボキシビニルポリマー、アクリル系ポリマー、デンプン誘導体、多糖類等の水溶性高分子化合物や高純度ベントナイト、ホワイトカーボン等の微粉末固体担体を用いることができ、また、これらを併用することもできる。
(Thickener)
The wild animal repellent agent of the present invention can contain a thickener to impart viscosity or to prevent sedimentation of elemental sulfur and spreading agent. Examples of the thickener used in the present invention include water-soluble polymer compounds such as xanthan gum, guar gum, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, carboxyvinyl polymer, acrylic polymers, starch derivatives, polysaccharides and the like, high purity bentonite, white carbon and the like. Powdered solid carriers can be used, and these can also be used in combination.
以下、本発明について実施例を挙げて詳細に説明する。なお、本発明は、以下に示す実施例に何ら限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. The present invention is not limited to the examples shown below.
＜野生獣忌避剤Ａの調製例＞
実施例１から実施例８及び実施例１５に用いるフロアブル製剤である野生獣忌避剤Ａの調製例について説明する。
まず、元素状硫黄５０質量部、界面活性剤１０質量部及び水を混合し、湿式粉砕により元素状硫黄粒子を２μｍ以下として硫黄濃液を得た。また、精製ラノリン４０質量部及び界面活性剤１０質量部を加温混合した後に、強制乳化することで乳化粒子を１μｍ以下にして、ラノリン濃液を得た。得られた硫黄濃液及びラノリン濃液を、３０質量部の元素状硫黄に対して、ラノリンの含有量が２質量部となるように混合し、さらに、界面活性剤、水等を混合し、元素状硫黄の濃度が３０００００ｐｐｍのフロアブル製剤である野生獣忌避剤Ａを得た。
なお、各実施例においては、上記の方法で得られた野生獣忌避剤Ａを、各表に記載の希釈倍率で水により希釈して用いた。
Preparation Example of Wild Animal Repellent A
A preparation example of wild animal repellent A, which is a flowable preparation used in Examples 1 to 8 and Example 15, will be described.
First, 50 parts by mass of elemental sulfur, 10 parts by mass of surfactant and water were mixed, and wet pulverization was performed to obtain a sulfur-rich solution with elemental sulfur particles of 2 μm or less. After 40 parts by mass of purified lanolin and 10 parts by mass of surfactant were heated and mixed, the emulsified particles were made to 1 μm or less by forced emulsification to obtain a lanolin concentrated solution. The resulting concentrated sulfur solution and concentrated lanolin solution are mixed with 30 parts by mass of elemental sulfur so that the content of lanolin is 2 parts by mass, and further, a surfactant, water and the like are mixed, A wild animal repellent A, which is a flowable preparation having an elemental sulfur concentration of 300000 ppm, was obtained.
In addition, in each Example, the wild animal repellent A obtained by the above method was diluted with water at a dilution ratio described in each table and used.
＜野生獣忌避剤Ｂの調製例＞
実施例９から実施例１４及び実施例１６に用いるペースト製剤である野生獣忌避剤Ｂの調製例について説明する。
まず、元素状硫黄５０質量部、界面活性剤１０質量部及び水を混合し、湿式粉砕により元素状硫黄粒子を２μｍ以下として硫黄濃液を得た。また、精製ラノリン４０質量部及び界面活性剤１０質量部を加温混合した後に、強制乳化することで乳化粒子を１μｍ以下にして、ラノリン濃液を得た。さらに、得られた硫黄濃液及びラノリン濃液を、５質量部の元素状硫黄に対して、ラノリンの含有量が１質量部となるように混合し、さらに、増粘剤、界面活性剤、水等を混合し、元素状硫黄の濃度が３００００ｐｐｍのペースト製剤である野生獣忌避剤Ｂを得た。
なお、各実施例においては、各表に記載の塗布量で塗布した。
Preparation Example of Wild Animal Repellent B
A preparation example of wild animal repellent B which is a paste preparation used in Examples 9 to 14 and 16 will be described.
First, 50 parts by mass of elemental sulfur, 10 parts by mass of surfactant and water were mixed, and wet pulverization was performed to obtain a sulfur-rich solution with elemental sulfur particles of 2 μm or less. After 40 parts by mass of purified lanolin and 10 parts by mass of surfactant were heated and mixed, the emulsified particles were made to 1 μm or less by forced emulsification to obtain a lanolin concentrated solution. Furthermore, the obtained concentrated sulfur solution and concentrated lanolin solution are mixed such that the content of lanolin is 1 part by mass with respect to 5 parts by mass of elemental sulfur, and further, a thickener, a surfactant, Water and the like were mixed to obtain a wild animal repellent B as a paste preparation having a concentration of elemental sulfur of 30000 ppm.
In addition, in each Example, it apply | coated by the application quantity as described in each table | surface.
以下、比較例で用いた薬剤について説明する。
（クムラス）
殺虫殺菌剤。硫黄濃度７９．２％の硫黄水和剤。サンケイ化学株式会社製。比較例１において、農薬登録において適用される最大濃度となる希釈倍率にて、水で希釈して用いた。
（イオウフロアブル）
殺虫殺菌剤。硫黄濃度５２．０％のフロアブル製剤。日本農薬株式会社製。比較例２において、農薬登録において適用される最大濃度となる希釈倍率にて、水で希釈して用いた。
（コニファー）
野生獣忌避剤。ジラム水和剤。ジラム濃度は３２．０％。保土谷アグロテック株式会社製。比較例３、比較例６及び比較例９において、製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する量を塗布した。
（ランテクター）
野生獣忌避剤。水和剤。全卵粉末８０％。保土谷アグロテック株式会社製。比較例４、比較例７、比較例１０及び比較例１６において、製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する量を塗布した。
（ヤシマレント）
野生獣忌避剤。チウラムペースト製剤。チウラム濃度は２５．０％。住化グリーン株式会社製。比較例１２、比較例１４及び比較例１７において、製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する量を塗布した。
Hereinafter, the drug used in the comparative example will be described.
(Kumulus)
Insecticide and fungicide. Sulfur wettable powder with a sulfur concentration of 79.2%. Sankei Chemical Co., Ltd. made. In Comparative Example 1, it was diluted with water and used at a dilution ratio that is the maximum concentration applied in pesticide registration.
(Iow flowable)
Insecticide and fungicide. Flowable formulation with a sulfur concentration of 52.0%. Made in Japan Pesticide Co., Ltd. In Comparative Example 2, it was used after diluting with water at a dilution factor that is the maximum concentration applied in pesticide registration.
(Conifer)
Wild beast repellent. Ziram's wettable. Diram concentration is 32.0%. Hodogaya Agrotech Co., Ltd. made. In Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 9, the amount recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent was applied.
(Lantector)
Wild beast repellent. Hydrating agent. 80% whole egg powder. Hodogaya Agrotech Co., Ltd. made. In Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 7, Comparative Example 10 and Comparative Example 16, the amount recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent was applied.
(Yashimarent)
Wild beast repellent. Thiuram paste formulation. Thiuram concentration is 25.0%. Made by Sumika Green Co., Ltd. In Comparative Example 12, Comparative Example 14 and Comparative Example 17, the amount recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent was applied.
上記した各薬剤を用いて、以下の６つの試験例に従って試験を行った。以下、試験例ごとに、試験の方法及び結果について記載する。
＜試験例１＞
（実施例１から実施例４）
野生獣忌避剤Ａを、表１に記載の各希釈倍率で水により希釈して、実施例１から実施例４の野生獣忌避剤Ａの希釈液を得た。
（比較例１から比較例５）
比較例１及び２では、各薬剤を農薬登録において適用される最大濃度となるように表１に記載の希釈倍率にて水で希釈し、各薬剤の希釈液を得た。また、比較例３及び比較例４では、各薬剤を製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する表１に記載の希釈倍率にて水で希釈し、各薬剤の希釈液を得た。また、コントロールとして無処理の比較例５を設けた。
（試験方法）
長野県に植栽されているイチイ（１区３樹、２連制、計６樹）に、各希釈液を１２月に電動噴霧器にて各供試樹の全体へ５０ｍl／樹の量にて散布した。散布後、１、２及び４ヶ月後に、任意の１００枝に対するカモシカによる食害の有無を調査し、食害率（％）を算出した。
The test was performed according to the following six test examples using each drug mentioned above. The test methods and results are described below for each test example.
<Test Example 1>
(Examples 1 to 4)
Wild animal repellent A was diluted with water at each dilution ratio described in Table 1 to obtain a diluted solution of wild animal repellent A of Examples 1 to 4.
(Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 5)
In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, each drug was diluted with water at the dilution ratio described in Table 1 so as to be the maximum concentration applied in pesticide registration, to obtain a diluted solution of each drug. Moreover, in Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4, each drug was diluted with water at a dilution ratio described in Table 1 recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent agent to obtain a diluted solution of each drug. Moreover, the non-processed comparative example 5 was provided as control.
(Test method)
In the yew (1 zone 3 trees, 2 stations, 6 trees in total) planted in Nagano prefecture, each dilution solution with electric sprayer in December in the amount of 50ml / tree to the whole of each test tree I sprayed it. After 1, 2 and 4 months after the spraying, the presence or absence of feeding damage to an arbitrary 100 branches was investigated to calculate the feeding damage rate (%).
各薬剤の希釈液を散布してから１か月後では、実施例１から実施例４、比較例３及び比較例４において、イチイのカモシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例１、比較例２及び比較例５では、イモイのカモシカによる食害が観察された。また、各薬剤の希釈液を散布してから２か月後においては、いずれの実施例及び比較例において、イチイのカモシカによる食害が観察されるようになったが、実施例１から実施例４では、比較例１及び比較例２よりも顕著に抑えられていた。さらに、散布後４ヶ月後では、実施例１から実施例４において、比較例１から比較例５よりも、イチイのカモシカによる食害が顕著に抑えられていた。 One month after the diluted solution of each drug was sprayed, no eating damage was caused by Yew's antelope in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4, but Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were compared. In Example 2 and Comparative Example 5, feeding damage caused by Imoy anemone was observed. In addition, two months after the diluted solution of each drug was sprayed, feeding damage by Yew's antelope was observed in any of the Examples and Comparative Examples, but Example 1 to Example 4 In the case of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, it was suppressed significantly. Furthermore, after 4 months after spraying, in Examples 1 to 4, the feeding damage caused by the yew's antelope was significantly suppressed more than in Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
＜試験例２＞
（実施例５及び実施例６）
野生獣忌避剤Ａを、表２に記載の各希釈倍率で水により希釈して、実施例５及び実施例６の野生獣忌避剤Ａの希釈液を得た。
（比較例６から比較例８）
比較例６及び比較例７では、各薬剤を製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する表２に記載の希釈倍率にて水で希釈し、各薬剤の希釈液を得た。また、コントロールとして無処理の比較例８を設けた。
（試験方法）
鹿児島県に植栽されているヒノキ（１区２０樹、５連制、計１００樹）に、各希釈液を１２月に電動噴霧器にて各供試樹の全体へ５０ｍl／樹の量にて散布した。散布後、１、２及び４ヶ月後に、任意の１００樹に対するニホンシカによる食害の有無を調査し、食害率（％）を算出した。
Test Example 2
(Example 5 and Example 6)
Wild animal repellent A was diluted with water at each dilution ratio described in Table 2 to obtain a diluted solution of wild animal repellent A of Example 5 and Example 6.
(Comparative Example 6 to Comparative Example 8)
In Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 7, each drug was diluted with water at a dilution ratio described in Table 2 recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent to obtain a diluted solution of each drug. Moreover, the non-processed comparative example 8 was provided as a control.
(Test method)
Each Hinoki tree planted in Kagoshima Prefecture (20 wards, 5 stations, 100 trees in total) with an electric sprayer in December with an amount of 50 ml / tree to the whole of each test tree I sprayed it. After 1, 2 and 4 months after spraying, the presence or absence of feeding damage to Japanese 100 deer was investigated on 100 arbitrary trees, and the feeding damage rate (%) was calculated.
各薬剤の希釈液を散布してから１か月後では、実施例５、実施例６、比較例６、及び比較例７において、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例８では、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害が観察された。また、各薬剤の希釈液を散布してから２か月後においては、実施例５、実施例６及び比較例６では、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例７ではヒノキのニホンシカによる食害がわずかに観察された。さらに、散布後４ヶ月後では、実施例５及び実施例６においても、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害がわずかに見られたが、比較例６から比較例８よりも顕著に抑えられていた。 One month after the diluted solution of each drug was sprayed, no eating damage was observed with Japanese deer of Japanese cypress in Example 5, Example 6, Comparative Example 6, and Comparative Example 7, but in Comparative Example 8 The eating damage by Japanese deer of Hinoki was observed. In addition, two months after the diluted solution of each drug was sprayed, no eating damage by Japanese deer of Japanese cypress was observed in Example 5, Example 6 and Comparative Example 6, but in Comparative Example 7, Japanese cypress was used. Slight damage to eating by Japanese deer was observed. Furthermore, at 4 months after the spraying, the feeding damage by Japanese deer of Hinoki cypress was slightly observed also in Example 5 and Example 6, but it was suppressed significantly more than Comparative Example 6 to Comparative Example 8.
＜試験例３＞
（実施例７及び実施例８）
表３に記載の各希釈倍率で水により希釈して、実施例７及び実施例８の野生獣忌避剤Ａの希釈液を得た。
（比較例９から比較例１１）
比較例９及び比較例１０では、各薬剤を、製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する表３に記載の希釈倍率にて水で希釈し、各薬剤の希釈液を得た。また、コントロールとして無処理の比較例１１を設けた。
（試験方法）
長野県に植栽されているヒノキ（１区２０樹、５連制、計１００樹）に、各希釈液を１２月に電動噴霧器にて各供試樹の全体へ５０ｍl／樹の量にて散布した。散布後、１、２及び４ヶ月後に、任意の１００樹に対するカモシカによる食害の有無を調査し、食害率（％）を算出した。
<Test Example 3>
(Example 7 and Example 8)
It diluted with water by each dilution magnification described in Table 3, and obtained the dilution liquid of the wild animal repellent A of Example 7 and Example 8.
(Comparative Examples 9 to 11)
In Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Example 10, each drug was diluted with water at a dilution ratio described in Table 3 recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent to obtain a diluted solution of each drug. Moreover, the non-processed comparative example 11 was provided as a control.
(Test method)
Each Hinoki tree planted in Nagano prefecture (20 wards, 5 stations, 100 trees in total) with an electric sprayer in December, with an amount of 50 ml / tree to the whole of each test tree I sprayed it. After 1, 2 and 4 months after spraying, the presence or absence of feeding damage to an arbitrary 100 trees was investigated to calculate the feeding damage rate (%).
各薬剤の希釈液を散布してから１か月後では、実施例７、実施例８、比較例９及び比較例１０において、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例１１において、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害が観察された。また、各薬剤の希釈液を散布してから２か月後においては、実施例７及び実施例８において、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例９から比較例１１では、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害が観察された。さらに、散布後４ヶ月後では、実施例７及び実施例８においてもヒノキのカモシカによる食害がわずかに観察されたが、比較例９から比較例１１よりも顕著に抑えられていた。 One month after the diluted solution of each drug was sprayed, no eating damage was observed with Japanese anemone deer in Example 7, Example 8, Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Example 10, but in Comparative Example 11, The feeding damage by the Japanese anemone antelope was observed. Also, two months after the diluted solution of each drug was sprayed, no eating damage was observed in Japanese Example 7 and Example 8 due to Hinoki's serow, but Comparative Example 9 to Comparative Example 11 Eating damage was observed. Furthermore, at 4 months after the application, the feeding damage caused by the Japanese anemone deer was slightly observed also in Example 7 and Example 8, but was significantly suppressed as compared with Comparative Examples 9 to 11.
＜試験例４＞
（実施例９から実施例１１）
実施例９から実施例１１において、野生獣忌避剤Ｂの塗布量を、表４に記載の各塗布量とした。
（比較例１２及び比較例１３）
比較例１２では、薬剤の塗布量を、製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する表４に記載の塗布量とした。また、コントロールとして無処理の比較例１３を設けた。
（試験方法）
長野県に植栽されているヒノキ（１区２０樹、５連制、計１００樹）に１２月に実施例に記載の薬剤を、ゴム手袋を着用した手のひらに量り取り、手のひらで薬剤を広げ、葉の表裏及び枝へ満遍なく擦りつけながら塗布し、比較例１２に記載の薬剤については、メーカーの推奨に従い、葉の裏には塗布せずに、葉の表及び枝に、上記同様の方法で塗布した。塗布後、１、２及び４ヶ月後に、任意の１００樹に対するカモシカによる食害の有無を調査し、食害率（％）を算出した。
<Test Example 4>
(Examples 9 to 11)
In Examples 9 to 11, the amount of application of the wild animal repellent agent B was taken as each amount of application described in Table 4.
(Comparative Example 12 and Comparative Example 13)
In Comparative Example 12, the application amount of the drug was the application amount described in Table 4 recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent agent. In addition, an untreated comparative example 13 was provided as a control.
(Test method)
Take out the medicine described in the example in December on cypress trees planted in Nagano Prefecture (20 wards, 5 stations, 100 trees in total) and measure them on the palms wearing rubber gloves, and spread the agents on the palms Apply to the front and back of the leaf and rubbing evenly, and apply the drug described in Comparative Example 12 to the front and branch of the leaf without applying to the back of the leaf according to the manufacturer's recommendation. Applied. After 1, 2 and 4 months after application, the presence or absence of feeding damage to an arbitrary 100 trees was investigated to calculate the feeding damage rate (%).
各薬剤を塗布してから１か月後では、実施例９から実施例１１及び比較例１２において、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例１３において、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害が観察された。また、各薬剤を塗布してから２か月後においても、実施例９から実施例１１において、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例１２及び比較例１３において、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害が観察された。さらに、散布後４ヶ月後では、実施例９から実施例１１においてもヒノキのカモシカによる食害がわずかに見られたが、比較例１２及び比較例１３よりも顕著に抑えられていた。 One month after each drug was applied, no eating damage was observed in Japanese cypress cypress in Examples 9 to 11 and Comparative Example 12. However, in Comparative Example 13, eating damage caused by Japanese cypress semen was observed in Comparative Example 13. It was done. Also, two months after each drug was applied, no eating damage was observed in Example 9 to Example 11 due to the antelope of the Japanese cypress, but in Comparative Example 12 and Comparative Example 13, due to the antelope of Japanese cypress Food damage was observed. Furthermore, at 4 months after the application, the feeding damage caused by the Japanese anemone deer was slightly observed in Examples 9 to 11, but was significantly suppressed as compared with Comparative Examples 12 and 13.
＜試験例５＞
（実施例１２から実施例１４）
実施例１２から実施例１４において、野生獣忌避剤Ｂの塗布量を、表５に記載の各塗布量とした。
（比較例１４及び比較例１５）
比較例１４では、薬剤の塗布量を、製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する表５に記載の塗布量とした。また、コントロールとして無処理の比較例１５を設けた。
（試験方法）
長野県に植栽されているスギ（１区２０樹、５連制、計１００樹）に、１２月に実施例に記載の薬剤を、ゴム手袋を着用した手のひらに量り取り、手のひらで薬剤を広げ、葉の表裏及び枝へ満遍なく擦りつけながら塗布し、比較例１４に記載の薬剤については、メーカーの推奨に従い、葉の裏には塗布せずに、葉の表及び枝に、上記同様の方法で塗布した。塗布後、１、２及び４ヶ月後に、任意の１００樹に対するカモシカによる食害の有無を調査し、食害率（％）を算出した。
<Test Example 5>
(Examples 12 to 14)
In Example 12 to Example 14, the application amount of the wild animal repellent agent B was each application amount described in Table 5.
(Comparative Example 14 and Comparative Example 15)
In Comparative Example 14, the application amount of the drug was the application amount described in Table 5 recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent agent. Moreover, the non-processed comparative example 15 was provided as a control.
(Test method)
Measure the medicine described in the example in December on cedar trees planted in Nagano prefecture (20 wards, 5 stations, 100 trees in total) in the palm of a person wearing rubber gloves, and use the palm to medicate them. Spread and apply while rubbing to the front and back of the leaf and branches evenly, and for the drug described in Comparative Example 14, according to the manufacturer's recommendation, do not apply to the back of the leaf, but apply the same to the above It applied by the method. After 1, 2 and 4 months after application, the presence or absence of feeding damage to an arbitrary 100 trees was investigated to calculate the feeding damage rate (%).
各薬剤を塗布してから１ヶ月後及び２ヶ月後では、実施例１２から実施例１４、及び比較例１４において、スギのカモシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例１５において、スギのカモシカによる食害が観察された。さらに、散布後４ヶ月後においても、実施例１２から実施例１４では、スギのカモシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例１４及び比較例１５ではスギのカモシカによる食害が観察された。 At 1 month and 2 months after each drug was applied, no eating damage due to cedar sage deer was observed in Examples 12 to 14 and Comparative Example 14. Eating damage was observed. Furthermore, even after four months after spraying, no eating damage due to cedar antelope was observed in Examples 12 to 14, but eating damage due to cedar antelope in Comparative Example 14 and Comparative Example 15 was observed.
＜試験例６＞
（実施例１５及び実施例１６）
野生獣忌避剤Ａを、表６に記載の硫黄濃度となるように、水で希釈して実施例１５の野生獣忌避剤Ａの希釈液を得た。また、実施例１６において、野生獣忌避剤Ｂの塗布量を、表６に記載の塗布量とした。
（比較例１６から比較例１８）
比較例１６では、各薬剤を、製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する表６に記載の希釈倍率にて水で希釈し、薬剤の希釈液を得た。また、比較例１７では、薬剤の塗布量を、製造元が野生獣忌避剤として推奨する表６に記載の塗布量とした。さらに、コントロールとして無処理の比較例１８を設けた。
（試験方法）
鹿児島県に植栽されているヒノキ（１区２０樹、５連制、計１００樹）に、上記の試験方法に記載した方法と同様の方法において、１２月に実施例１５及び比較例１６の薬剤の希釈液を散布し、又は、実施例１６及び比較例１７の薬剤を塗布した。散布又は塗布後、１、２及び４ヶ月後に、任意の１００樹に対するニホンシカによる食害の有無を調査し、食害率（％）を算出した。
Test Example 6
(Example 15 and Example 16)
Wild animal repellent A was diluted with water so as to have the sulfur concentrations shown in Table 6 to obtain a diluted solution of wild animal repellent A of Example 15. Moreover, in Example 16, the application amount of the wild animal repellent agent B was taken as the application amount described in Table 6.
(Comparative Example 16 to Comparative Example 18)
In Comparative Example 16, each drug was diluted with water at a dilution ratio described in Table 6 recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent to obtain a diluted solution of the drug. Moreover, in Comparative Example 17, the application amount of the drug was set as the application amount described in Table 6 recommended by the manufacturer as a wild animal repellent agent. Furthermore, the untreated comparative example 18 was provided as a control.
(Test method)
In the same method as that described in the above test method for Hinoki cypress planted in Kagoshima prefecture (1 district 20 trees, 5 systems, 100 trees in total), December 15 for Example 15 and Comparative Example 16 The diluted solution of the drug was sprayed, or the drug of Example 16 and Comparative Example 17 was applied. After spraying or application, after 1, 2 and 4 months, the presence or absence of feeding damage to Japanese 100 deer was investigated for 100 trees, and the feeding damage rate (%) was calculated.
各薬剤の希釈液を散布し、又は、各薬剤を塗布してから１ヶ月後では、実施例１５、実施例１６、比較例１６及び比較例１７において、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例１８において、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害が観察された。また、散布又は塗布後２ヶ月後でも、実施例１５、実施例１６及び比較例１７においては、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害は観察されなかったが、比較例１６及び比較例１８では、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害が観察された。さらに、散布又は塗布後４ヶ月後においても、実施例１６では、ヒノキのカモシカによる食害は観察されておらず、実施例１５では、ヒノキのニホンシカによる食害がわずかに観察されたが、比較例１６から比較例１８と比べると、顕著に抑えられていた。 In the case of Example 15, Example 16, Comparative Example 16 and Comparative Example 17 at 1 month after the diluted solution of each drug was sprayed or each drug was applied, no eating damage by Japanese deer of Hinoki was observed. However, in Comparative Example 18, feeding damage by Japanese deer of Japanese cypress was observed. Further, even after two months after spraying or application, no eating damage by Japanese deer of Japanese cypress was observed in Example 15, Example 16 and Comparative Example 17, but in Comparative Example 16 and Comparative Example 18, Japanese deer by Japanese cypress was used. Food damage was observed. Furthermore, even after 4 months after spraying or application, no eating damage due to the Japanese anemone deer was observed in Example 16 and slight eating damage due to the Japanese deer against Japanese cypress was observed in Example 15, but Comparative Example 16 As compared with Comparative Example 18, it was significantly suppressed.
以上の結果から、本発明の野生獣忌避剤は、野生獣による植物の食害を十分に防止する効果を有することが分かる。 From the above results, it can be seen that the wild animal repellent agent of the present invention has the effect of sufficiently preventing feeding damage to plants by wild animals.
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